Traditional Lifestyle Research Articles

Local Insights into Rural Tourism: A Study of Heeloya in the Knuckles Mountain Range

With its natural attractiveness and cultural prosperity, the Knuckles Mountain Range presents an exclusive opportunity for rural tourism, which Heeloya, a village nestled within this biodiverse area, has begun to embrace. This article investigates the local community's perceptions and attitudes towards tourism, examining the meaning of tourism in their traditional lifestyle, economy, and environment. Employing a mixed-methodological approach, the study integrates qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys analyzed through qualitative descriptive analysis and descriptive statistics. The qualitative descriptive analysis enabled the emergence of concepts underlying rural tourism. These concepts were further validated with selected quotations. A concept map created using Leximancer further substantiated these underlying conceptions and clarified the interconnectedness between the concepts. The findings suggest that the community is thoughtfully optimistic about the potential of rural tourism, encouraging a participatory approach to tourism development and engagement to ensure that it remains in congruence with Heeloya’s cultural essence and the grand Knuckles Mountain Range. This research contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable rural tourism, providing valuable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and communities considering tourism as a pathway for rural development.

Gut microbiomes of agropastoral children from the Adadle region of Ethiopia reflect their unique dietary habits

The composition and function of the intestinal microbiota are major determinants of human health and are strongly influenced by diet, antibiotic treatment, lifestyle and geography. Nevertheless, we currently have only little data on microbiomes of non-westernized communities. We assess the stool microbiota composition in 59 children aged 2–5 years from the Adadle district of Ethiopia, Somali Regional State. Here, milk and starch-rich food are predominant components of the local diet, where the inhabitants live a remote, traditional agropastoral lifestyle. Microbiota composition, function and the resistome were characterized by both 16S rRNA gene amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing and compared to 1471 publicly available datasets from children living in traditional, transitional, and industrial communities with different subsistence strategies. Samples from the Adadle district are low in Bacteroidaceae, and Prevotellaceae, the main bacterial representatives in the feces of children living in industrialized and non-industrialized communities, respectively. In contrast, they had a higher relative abundance in Streptococcaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae and Erysipelatoclostridiaceae. Further, genes involved in degradation pathways of lactose, d-galactose and simple carbohydrates were enriched. Overall, our study revealed a unique composition of the fecal microbiota of these agropastoral children, highlighting the need to further characterize the fecal bacterial composition of human populations living different lifestyles.

Canadian Federal Policies and the Inuit Youth Suicide Crisis

Since the late 1980s, an unusually high number of suicides and cases of self-harm has been recorded among the Indigenous inhabitants of the Canadian Arctic, the Inuit. The statistics on child and adolescent suicides are particularly drastic. This situation appears to be primarily a symptom of historical trauma which was acquired due to the colonization and assimilation processes and passed down from generation to generation. Federal policies, such as forced relocations and residential schools, have directly contributed to the severing of family ties and the abandonment of traditional lifestyles. Over the years, the federal government tried to address the issue of the Inuit youth suicide crisis through various proposals. The best strategies to end the suicide crisis seem to be the respect and incorporation of Indigenous leadership, upholding local traditions and ceremonies, as well as investing in psychological support and family therapy for the first inhabitants of the Arctic. To effectively address the problem, the solution must be comprehensive and Inuit-specific rather than symptom-focused. This article discusses how particular federal policies and programs in northern Canada have impacted the communal well-being of the Inuit, and it outlines the most important strategies aiming at decreasing suicide rates among Inuit youth.

Saving the Vietnamese Mekong River Delta—People's attitudes, opinions and willingness to help

AbstractThe unique nature and environment of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta as well as its agricultural production and its traditional lifestyle are endangered by a rising sea level and increasing salinization of the ground and surface water. This paper aims at the assessment of Vietnamese people's information on and attitudes towards these problems as well as their respective convictions and beliefs. Imbedded in an online survey with 2000 completed interviews we also conducted a Contingent Valuation study with which we want to assess people's willingness to contribute personally and financially to saving the Mekong Delta as an indication of the benefits they would expect from such a project. We interviewed three different groups of respondents, one of which lives directly in the Mekong Delta, a second lives outside the Delta, but close to it, that is in Ho Chi Minh City, and the third group lives far away from the Delta in Hanoi. With these three subsamples of respondents we wanted to capture not only the use benefits but also the nonuse benefits accruing from such a project. In the course of the interviews, we found that the Mekong Delta is of great interest and importance to all interviewees, no matter in which part of Vietnam they live. They were mostly well informed on the problems there and had strong opinions on the causes of these problems as well as on suitable strategies to fight them. In our Contingent Valuation study, we assessed the willingness of people at the different study sites to contribute financially to a hypothetical project for the preservation of the Mekong Delta and the socio‐economic, attitudinal and psychological determinants of this willingness. Besides these empirical findings, we also obtained valuable insights regarding various methodological aspects of Contingent Valuation studies.

Government Initiated Development Programmes and Its Impact on the Empowerment of Tribal Women: A Case Study of Dimoria Development Block, Kamrup (M), Assam

Women are the most important part of our society without whom a society cannot precede, on the other hand, Empowerment is an active and multidimensional process, which enables women to realize their identity and pore in all aspects of life. In tribal communities, the role of women is significant and crucial. They comprise about half the total population but in tribal society women are more important than in other social groups, because they work harder and the family economy and management depends on them. Tribal women have adjusted themselves to live a traditional life style in the local environment and follow occupations based on natural resources. Undoubtedly, the different government programmes, oriented towards the empowerment of women, have improved their socio-economic conditions and status. However, there are wide variations across regions and tribes in terms of work participation, sex ratio, economic productivity and social life. The impact of Government initiated development programmes need to be evaluated in terms of desired and unanticipated consequences. The development process should be perceived as an involvement and reorganization mechanism of social as well as economic system. This paper attempts to highlight the impact of development programmes on the empowerment of tribal women of Dimoria development block of Assam, which is situated in the Kamrup Metropolitan district located towards the south-east of the capital city of Assam.

Возрастная и половая изменчивость измерительных признаков головы и лица у взрослого халхасского населения Монголии

Introduction. A number of studies have shown that the Khalka rural pastoral population of Mongolia leading a traditional lifestyle is not characterized by acceleration of development and a secular trend in somatic characteristics of the body. The purpose is to study the morphological variability of head and face features in the adult rural Khalkha-Mongolian population against the background of variability of the same features in the Chuvash group and try to catch acceleration trends based on measuring head features. Materials and methods. The data (370 men and 355 women aged 18-60) was obtained during anthropoecological expeditions in 1986-1990 in 4 Khalkha-Mongolian somons. As a comparative material, data on the Chuvash of Bashkiria were used. Regression analysis was applied. The age-related variability of normalized values of cephalometric traits was assessed using variance analysis. For the Mongolian and Chuvash populations, the coefficients of sexual dimorphism of individual features of the face and head (according to V. Deryabin`s formula), as well as the Mahalanobis distance between female and male samples were determined. Results and discussion. For the studied characteristics (head length and breadth, the minimal forehead breadth and facial breadth, face height, facial and head indexes) in men, no reliable links were found between the variability of these traits and age. Variance analysis of normalized values of cephalometric signs revealed no differences in either the male or female Mongolian sample. The Mahalanobis distances calculated from the complex of head and face signs between the female and male Mongolian subsamples are noticeably smaller than the corresponding values obtained for the Chuvash group. Conclusion. Comparative studies of the age dynamics of a number of measuring features of the head for about one and a half generations of the twentieth century in Khalkha-Mongols (adapted groups) and Chuvash (populations with impaired adaptation due to changes in socio-economic environmental factors) showed weakly pronounced morphological changes in the features on the head and face in the studied population groups. There were no significant age differences in the complex of features of the face and head in the Khalkhas populations. Data on sexual dimorphism of facial and head features in Mongols and Chuvash have been introduced into scholarly discourse, and in the Mongolian population the values of indicators of sexual dimorphism of cephalometric signs are less than in Chuvash sample. @ 2023. This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license

The Evaluation of New Settlements in Rural Areas: Kalecik Village in Tercan District of Erzincan Province

In rural areas where modern residences are rapidly spreading, the local fabric and culture can be relegated to a secondary position, leading to the loss of traditional structures, lifestyles, and authenticity when establishing new settlements. This study aims to determine whether the expectations of the residents living in the new settlement areas built by public institutions in Kalecik village of Tercan district in Erzincan province are met and to assess their satisfaction. In this context, a literature review was conducted, and new settlement areas and residences were examined through on-site observation. Face-to-face surveys were also conducted. The findings indicate that most users have made changes to their homes by adding structures such as oven houses and barns, enclosing open spaces like balconies, and preferring reinforced concrete construction systems. The results emphasize that when planning new rural settlements, the region's climate, culture, and architecture should be taken into account, and the demands of the local population should not be overlooked.

Beliefs in Good and Bad Days among the Tatars in Dobrudja and Among the Polish-Lithuanian Tatars (Preliminary Remarks)

The article provides preliminary notes on traditional beliefs and ideas about good and bad and happy and unhappy days known to Tatars in Dobrudja and Polish-Lithuanian Tatars. For this purpose, beliefs related to the days of the week from M. Mollova work (published in French, Mefküre Mollova, “Croyances, que les turcs de Balkans attachment au jours de la semaine”, in: Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 1969, XXIII (3), p. 361–376) and beliefs about happy and unhappy days from Alexandrovich’s hamail, Tatar manuscript of the 19th century (Marek M. Dziekan, “Opisanie dni miesięcznych z chamaiłu Aleksandrowicza”, in: Tatarzy polscy – adoptowani do narodu, Cz. Łapicz i M. Lewicka (red.), Litteraria Copernicana, 2 (18), 2016, s. 91–101) are analysed. They are supplemented by materials from the author’s field studies. By their nature, these are oral and written texts that have a practical purpose and are associated with popular fortune-telling and predictive practices. The scope of permitted or prohibited actions on certain days is indicated, as well as the justification for this with the help of events and personalities from the history of Islam in accordance 
 The article provides preliminary notes on traditional beliefs and ideas about good and bad and happy and unhappy days known to Tatars in Dobrudja and Polish-Lithuanian Tatars. For this purpose, beliefs related to the days of the week from M. Mollova work (published in French, Mefküre Mollova, “Croyances, que les turcs de Balkans attachment au jours de la semaine”, in: Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 1969, XXIII (3), p. 361–376) and beliefs about happy and unhappy days from Alexandrovich’s hamail, Tatar manuscript of the 19th century (Marek M. Dziekan, “Opisanie dni miesięcznych z chamaiłu Aleksandrowicza”, in: Tatarzy polscy – adoptowani do narodu, Cz. Łapicz i M. Lewicka (red.), Litteraria Copernicana, 2 (18), 2016, s. 91–101) are analysed. They are supplemented by materials from the author’s field studies. By their nature, these are oral and written texts that have a practical purpose and are associated with popular fortune-telling and predictive practices. The scope of permitted or prohibited actions on certain days is indicated, as well as the justification for this with the help of events and personalities from the history of Islam in accordance with what is written in the Holy Quran. They reflect the traditional lifestyle and calendar beliefs of the common people. An attempt was made to systematize the permitted and unacceptable activities on certain days related to agriculture, family, wedding, childbirth, travel, illness, dreams, etc. By means of their comparative analysis, the manifestations of the so-called folk (popular) Islam, the connection with the common Turkic and all-Islamic heritage are revealed, the role of the contexts of the Balkan and Baltic cultures is outlined.
 It is assumed that what has been preserved from the beliefs of the Tatars in Dobrudja and the Polish-Lithuanian Tatars reflects the relationship between the spoken and written word: for the Tatars in Dobrudja it is rather an oral, everyday version, while the Polish-Lithuanian Tatars have a written primary source. In the perspectives of the research, it is possible to look for traces of the spread of written sources of a similar nature in the Balkans. Also, to reveal the universal dimensions of beliefs in good days and bad days, as similar beliefs are known among other ethnic groups and denominations.

Community Development Guidelines with a Focus on Sustainable Tourism: A Case Study of the Hua Takae Old Market Community

The main objective of this study is to analyze development potentials for the Hua Takae Market Community in order to develop guidelines for strong and self-reliant development. The development concept allowed local residents to participate in and be a part of the guideline development. Research methods included a study of the community’s existing physical, geographical social, and economic aspects, analysis, and setting up community goals and finally development of community tourism guidelines. The results indicate that there are two main development ideas, these being the community development concept and tourism guidelines. The community development concept covers suggestions for facility development that address the needs of both local residents and tourists. The tourism guidelines cover proposed tourist routes and a year-round activity schedule. The proposed method and development is expected to generate higher income for local residents, and give tourists the opportunity to visit and understand traditional lifestyle and culture.

Bibliometric Analysis of Research Interest in Rural Tourism

Rural tourism is a form of tourism that takes place in non-urban areas and is characterized by traditional lifestyle, rural culture, and nature-based activities. Over time, its features drew attention not only to more and more visitors, but also to researchers, transforming it into one of the most active fields of scientific study. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the evolution of academic work in rural tourism and the main trends in this domain. Using VOS Viewer, we processed a number of 6,656 studies published between 1964 and 2022 and indexed by Scopus, the world’s largest database for academic journals. Results showed a growing interest in rural tourism, with almost 800 articles published each year over the last couple of years. Different European organizations (e.g. British universities) and scientific journals (e.g. Tourism Management) proved to be highly influential, and through most cited authors and documents have shaped the perspective of academic communities on rural tourism. Finally, the cluster analysis of documents, countries, and word frequency in abstracts, titles, and keywords, based on relevance scores and term frequencies, allowed the mapping of bibliometric networks. Consequently, links and interrelations between all these elements were highlighted, as well as specific timelines showing the exact year when researchers, from different parts of the world, decided to focus on certain issues related to rural tourism and thus, managed to convert them into popular subject areas of study.

Sexual liberation and religious obligation – the ‘liquid authenticity’ of ‘traditionalist’ bachelorettes in the Israeli dating scene: a phenomenological study

ABSTRACT Following Zygmunt Bauman’s concept of ‘Liquid Modernity’, the term ‘Liquid Authenticity’ is ascribed to a community that holds a type of identity known in Israel as ‘traditional’ and does not purely conform with either the secular or religious identity categories. This concept is examined through an ethno-phenomenological study of female university students who identify with this category and go out on numerous dates through dating apps. These women proclaim a sexual liberation discourse on the one hand, while declaring that they are non-liberal and aspire towards having a traditional family and a Jewish traditional lifestyle. They see no contradiction between their sexual rhetoric, 'erotic capital' and their Jewish-traditional-religious core identities. The article's main argument is that the category to which these women belong is one of many emerging categories in Israeli society that are characterized by ”Liquid Authenticity”: a form of authenticity expressing a cooptation of discourses towards identity-based ethoses and cores. At first glance a feminization of the religious discourse may be suspected, but as illustrated it is rather a cooptation of liberal language and practices into a religious-traditional identity. Similar ”liquid authenticity” configurations can be noted among additional discourse communities and specifically political communities in Israel.

Association between traditional Chinese medicine body constitution deviation and chronic pelvic pain: A cross-sectional study.

Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is one of the most challenging conditions that physicians and patients face nowadays. This study aimed to assess the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) body constitution profiles, demographic characteristics, and lifestyle of women suffering from CPP. This study included 378 female patients of reproductive potential from a single Obstetrics and Gynecology clinic in Taiwan. Data were collected using the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36), the TCM Body Constitution Deviation (BCQ-44) Questionnaire, and the Behavior Rating Scale. The chi-squared test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman's correlation were used to analyze the data. TCM body composition deviation was correlated with the level of pain in patients with CPP. Moreover, the quality of life (QOL) of these patients was found to be affected by the level of pain. Additionally, the QOL was correlated with the TCM body composition deviation profile. The TCM BCQ-44 can be used in the medical practice to assess patients' health status and can also serve as a guide to address the risk factors for CPP.

Innovative Application of Blockchain Technology for Digital Recipe Copyright Protection

With the advent of the digital age, traditional lifestyle activities, such as reading books, referencing recipes, and enjoying music, have progressively transitioned from offline to online. However, numerous issues plague the conventional approach to digital copyright protection. This is especially true in the realm of recipe protection, where the rights and interests of original creators are inadequately safeguarded due to the widespread dissemination of a large number of recipes on the Internet. This primarily stems from the high costs of gathering evidence, incomplete coverage of evidence collection, and the inability to identify and halt infringement activities in a timely manner during the process of traditional digital copyright protection. Therefore, this study designs and implements a blockchain-based digital recipe copyright protection scheme to address the issues of insufficient legal evidence and cumbersome processes in traditional digital copyright protection. First, we enhance standard short text similarity calculation method SimHash, boosting the accuracy of text similarity detection. We then utilize the decentralization, immutability, time-stamping, traceability, and smart contract features of blockchain technology for data privacy protection. We employ the Interplanetary File System (IPFS) to store raw data, thereby ensuring user privacy and security. Lastly, we improve the proxy voting node selection in the existing delegated proof of stake (DPOS) consensus mechanism. According thorough evaluation and empirical analysis, the scheme effectively improves the accuracy of text similarity detection. Simultaneously, the enhanced DPOS mechanism effectively rewards nodes with excellent performance and penalizes nodes exhibiting malicious behavior. In this study, we successfully designed and implemented an innovative digital recipe copyright protection scheme. This scheme effectively enhances the accuracy of text similarity detection; ensures the privacy and security of user data; and, through an enhanced DPOS mechanism, rewards well-performing nodes while penalizing those exhibiting malicious behavior.

Learning to be Chinese: colonial-style boarding schools on the Tibetan plateau

ABSTRACT Like other colonial state structures, the education system in China aims to manufacture regime loyalty and cultural conformity among its 125 million minority nationalities. The Party-state's lessons in ‘being Chinese’ begin by nullifying traditional languages, cultures and lifestyles, which are deemed primitive and uncouth, and then remould minority students in the image of the Han majority and its perceived superiority. In this article we examine the vast network of boarding schools on the Tibetan plateau, where three out of every four Tibetan children are placed in around-the-clock state care with little access to their home communities: here a rigid and uniform curriculum in Mandarin Chinese promises upward social mobility for those who comply while transforming and homogenising worldviews. We argue these colonial-style boarding schools are slowly and irrevocably erasing aspects of Tibetan culture in ways that fundamentally alter Tibetan identity.

Traditional Nomadism Offers Adaptive Capacity to Northern Mongolian Geohazards

Mongolia’s northernmost province, Khövsgöl Aimag, famous for its massive Lake Khövsgöl set among the mountainous steppe, taiga, and tundra forests, increasingly attracts both domestic and international tourists. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, Mongolia received over 500,000 tourists annually. The aimag is also home to Indigenous, nomadic Dukha reindeer herders and semi-nomadic Darkhad cattle herders. Using a multidisciplinary approach, this study uses an analytical hierarchy process to map areas in Khövsgöl Aimag, where the infrastructure, including buildings, dwellings, formal and informal roads, and pastureland, is subject to geohazards. The hazards of interest to this mapping analysis include mass wasting, flooding, and permafrost thawing, which threaten roads, pastures, houses, and other community infrastructure in Khövsgöl Aimag. Based on the integrated infrastructure risk map, an estimated 23% of the aimag is at high to very high risk for localized geohazards. After a discussion of the results informed by the interviews, mobile ethnographies, and local and national land use policies, we postulate that communities exercising more traditional nomadic lifestyles with higher mobility are more resilient to these primarily localized geohazards.

The role of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) in reducing pollution of the Arctic and around the globe

This article presents the initiation and implementation of a systematic scientific and political cooperation in the Arctic related to environmental pollution and climate change, with a special focus on the role of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP). The AMAP initiative has coordinated monitoring and assessments of environmental pollution across countries and parameters for the entire Arctic region. Starting from a first scientific assessment in 1998, AMAP's work has been fundamental in recognizing, understanding and addressing environmental and human health issues in the Arctic, including those of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), mercury, radioactivity, oil, acidification and climate change. These scientific results have contributed at local and international levels to define and take measures towards reducing the pollution not only in the Arctic, but of the whole globe, especially the contaminant exposure of indigenous and local communities with a traditional lifestyle. The results related to climate change have documented the rapid changes in the Arctic and the strong feedback between the Arctic and the rest of the world. The lessons learned from the work in the Arctic can be beneficial for other regions where contaminants may accumulate and affect local and indigenous peoples living in a traditional way, e.g. in the Himalayas. Global cooperation is indispensable in reducing the long-range transported pollution in the Arctic.

A study on learning analytics of using mobile augmented reality application to enhance cultural competence for design cultural creation in higher education

AbstractBackgroundTaiwan's higher education institutions prioritize interdisciplinary knowledge and cultural competence in cultural design, emphasizing the value of immersion in the local environment to develop cultural competence. However, challenges arise from the disappearance of traditional local lifestyles and limitations of traditional outdoor lectures such as group size and learning environment. Mobile augmented reality technology serves as a personal learning tool to overcome these challenges, enabling learners to uncover hidden knowledge in scenic locations and improving learning efficiency.ObjectiveThe study utilized learning analytics to investigate the impact of using mobile augmented reality on enhancing learners' cultural competence.MethodsThe study used both qualitative and quasi‐experimental quantitative research to evaluate the effects of mobile augmented reality on cultural competence. A total of 78 third‐year university students participated in the study, with 37 of them using mobile augmented reality to learn about culture. The researchers utilized both the Mann–Whitney U test and interviews to compare the effectiveness of mobile augmented reality with that of a ‘real’ tour guide in field courses.ResultsThe experimental results indicate that learners were able to continuously seek and find information about local culture through field exploration with mobile augmented reality, resulting in similar effects to those of attending a live lecture.ConclusionsIt showed that incorporating mobile AR into field visits can create gamified and active learning scenarios that enhance immersion and drive active learning in local culture. The results in greater cultural knowledge and understanding, leading to the development of cultural competence in students.

Historical change in the Emirati life script

AbstractCultural life scripts organize culturally shared expectations regarding order and timing of life events during a prototypical life course. Prior research sustained that the semantic knowledge of cultural life scripts is relatively stable across decades and between age groups, even though this notion had only been investigated in relatively stable societies, and in mostly female samples. Therefore, this study obtained the newborn and elderly Emirati life scripts in an equal number of younger and older women and men. As expected, the Emirati newborn life script displays current Emirati lifestyle and customs. The elderly life script mirrors the traditional Emirati lifestyle; however, much less in the younger than in the older participants. Furthermore, we found differences in the temporal distribution and emotional valence of events between newborn and elderly life scripts. This study implies that cultural life scripts change with cultural transformation, but that adapting life script knowledge may necessitate experience.

The Association Between Habitual Tea Consumption and Frailty Transition in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study

ObjectivesTo investigate the association between habitual tea consumption and transitions between frailty states among older adults in China. DesignA prospective cohort study based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study. Setting and ParticipantsA total of 23,720 older adults aged ≥65 years with complete data regarding frailty status and tea consumption were recruited. MethodsThe frequency and consistency of tea consumption were introduced to evaluate levels of tea consumption. The frailty index was used to define frailty status (frail and nonfrail). Frailty transition was classified into remaining nonfrail, improvement, worsening, and remaining frail groups. Logistic regression models were applied. ResultsThe overall frailty prevalence at baseline was 19.1%, being lower among consistent daily tea drinkers (12.5%) and higher among non-tea drinkers (21.9%). Logistic regression analyses showed that the risk of frailty was significantly reduced among consistent daily tea drinkers after adjusting for all confounders [odds ratio (OR), 0.81; 95% CI, 0.67–0.98]. During the 3-year follow-up, improvement in frailty status was more common among consistent daily tea drinkers (50.9%) than non-tea drinkers (40.9%), and this trend was opposite in participants with worsened frailty status (consistent daily tea drinkers: 12.2%) vs non-tea drinkers: 19.2%). Further analysis showed that consistent daily tea drinkers were significantly associated with improvement in frailty status (OR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.02–10.31) and remaining in a nonfrail state (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.00–1.83). In addition, daily tea consumption was observed to be positively associated with remaining in a nonfrail state and inversely associated with worsened frailty status in men, but not in women. Conclusions and ImplicationsOlder people consuming tea daily tend to have an improved frailty status in the future. Men with daily tea consumption were less likely to have a worsened frailty status. Advocating for the traditional lifestyle of drinking tea could be a promising way to advance healthy aging for older adults.

Sámi Literature in Norwegian Language Arts Textbooks

Sámi Literature in Norwegian Language Arts Textbooks