Traditional Customs Research Articles

Assessment Methodology for Physical Vulnerability of Vernacular Architecture in Areas Affected by Depopulation: The Case of Comunidad Valenciana, Spain

The intensity with which the phenomenon of depopulation has affected rural municipalities in Spain between 1950 and 2022 has led to a loss in the intergenerational transmission of traditional knowledge, values and customs. Sociocultural loss entails associated physical risks: the abandonment, demolition, and loss of vernacular architecture. This research analyzes the evolution of this type of architecture in a period of acute depopulation and its current state of conservation. A total of 180 case studies in the region of Comunidad Valenciana are analyzed through four factors affecting the physical vulnerability of dwellings: year of construction, state of conservation, type of use, and a combination of all three. Data management software is used to combine all the information and produce the results in a tabular and graphical format, while the Geographic Information System is used to draw up risk maps showing the results. These results are then divided into analysis groups created according to the degree of depopulation observed in the years mentioned. This made it possible to identify the relationship between depopulation and the conservation of vernacular architecture, showing the risk level for each case study, and thus creating an analysis methodology applicable in other territories affected by depopulation at a national and international level.

Carok Culture’s Impact on Law Enforcement in Bangkalan Madura: A Fascinating Case Study

Carok, a distinct cultural practice, is deeply entrenched in the societal fabric of the Bangkalan Madura community. Historically, it has been their primary method of resolving intricate issues, particularly those centred on wealth, honour, and disputes involving women. This culturally specific method of conflict resolution prompted an in-depth study. The primary objective was to discern to what extent law enforcement officers in Bangkalan Madura were influenced by Carok, a practice so interwoven into the community’s daily life. Furthermore, it aimed to gauge the impact of the Carok culture specifically on the procedures and perspectives of the local police. The findings from this investigation were enlightening. It became evident that the Carok tradition isn’t merely a fringe cultural practice but is, in fact, acknowledged and recognised by a significant portion of the Bangkalan community as a legitimate approach to problem-solving. This deep-rooted cultural acceptance has ramifications for the legal system. When it comes to upholding the law and seeking justice, both the police force and the prosecutor’s office in Bangkalan face a unique set of challenges, unparalleled in communities without such ingrained traditions. These challenges arise because of the profound respect and recognition that the Carok practice commands. As a result, conventional legal methods, designed without the considerations of such cultural nuances, often fall short. They find themselves rendered ineffective, if not entirely redundant, against Carok practitioners. This tension between cultural respect and legal enforcement is a poignant reflection of the complexities of integrating traditional customs within the modern rule of law.

Rural Tourism and Homestays in India: Impact on Local Economy, Culture and Ecology

Purpose of the study: This study explores rural tourism as a sustainable form that encompasses environmental preservation, entrepreneurial opportunities, and the preservation of traditional village customs, values, and practices. Methodology: The research methodology employed a literature review approach, focusing on secondary data sources. The search utilized the Google Scholar database as a search engine, with the initial 500 results sorted by relevance to ensure comprehensive coverage of relevant scholarly sources. Finally, 31 articles were selected for this study. Principal Findings: Operating homestays can provide alternative accommodation options and catalyze the promotion of rural tourism, benefiting the local community, economy, and regional art and culture. A well-executed marketing plan in rural tourism can bring significant societal advantages by channeling resources from urban to rural areas and curbing rural-urban migration. Applications of the study: This study can be helpful in the tourism and hospitality industry. It is instrumental in promoting rural tourism and supplementary accommodation like homestays in India, thus boosting the local economy and promoting local culture and tradition. Novelty/Originality of the study: Tourism and related industries substantially impact employment due to the sector's labor-intensive nature. Village tourism can generate income and employment and contribute to rural development, preventing rural-urban migration and promoting sustainable revenue generation.

A backlash against the high‐speed modernity of gastronomy tourism: An analysis of the evolution of Macanese cuisine

In structuration theory, Giddens emphasises the importance of social practices in shaping and reproducing social structures, believing that the constitution of agents and structures represents a duality and advocating that structure is both a medium and outcome of the reproduction of practices. The traditional culture and customs embodied in Macanese cuisine can be considered as a structured process. Macanese cuisine reflects the unique food culture and customs of Macao society, presenting an irreplaceable way of life and cultural value. Macanese cuisine has developed based on the traditional customs and practices of the Macanese. It is recognised as an important intangible cultural heritage, receiving protection and promotion from the government. However, high‐speed modernity challenges the guarantee for continuity of Macanese traditional customs. Debates continue regarding how to promote the sustainability of Macanese cuisine. This study adopts Giddens' structuration theory to understand the evolutionary process of Macanese cuisine. It reveals the significance of individual agents' initiatives in promoting the rebirth of Macanese cuisine, and preserving the distinctiveness and self‐assertion of the Macanese community. Furthermore, the fusion culture that underlies Macanese cuisine can moderate the high‐speed modernity of gastronomy tourism and promote this cuisine's sustainability.

Madrid immigrants’ perceptions of urban food environments and their dietary behaviours

Large cities are home to several groups of immigrants who undergo important changes in their environmental conditions and lifestyles that significantly modify their risk of chronic diseases. Quantitative evidence indicates that both their health and diet worsen over time; much less is known about the qualitative mechanisms that cause these changes. The aim of this article is to understand how immigrants in the city of Madrid perceive the relation between the urban food environment and dietary behaviour. Based on a Social Ecological Framework, we conducted a secondary qualitative analysis derived from data from 41 immigrant residents, collected in eight focus groups (FGs), conducted in two neighbourhoods in the city of Madrid. We identified the following main categories: 1) Transnational identity and dietary behaviour in the neighbourhood; 2) Transitions in dietary behaviour; and 3) Societal/structural factors determining dietary behaviour in the neighbourhood. The participants in the FGs mentioned that they try to maintain traditional dietary customs and perceive that the taste of their typical dishes is better than those of Spanish dishes. Contradictorily, some participants considered their traditional dietary patterns to be less healthy than Mediterranean ones (consuming olive oil, vegetables, fish). Some participants acknowledged having adapted to the latter voluntarily or through dietary negotiations with their children. Immigrant families with two working parents have difficulties cooking homemade food and resort to less healthy options, such as eating fast food or ready-made meals. Due to their low purchasing power, they buy both ethnic products and other products, as well as considering the prices and offers in supermarkets. Our study highlights several structural mechanisms connecting the physical and social urban food environment with dietary behaviours among immigrant residents of a large city.

Varieties of engagement: Japanese corporate leaders’ strategic relations with foreign shareholders and institutional change

PurposeApplying the concept of “entrepreneur managers” from dynamic capabilities theory to the question of how some Japanese managers develop and use their relationships with foreign investors, this article explores organizational contexts in which Japanese managers use foreign shareholders as resources to enhance firm capabilities in the global marketplace, deploy assets effectively and implement changes to traditional organizational customs. The article asks why and how some top managers implemented institutional changes and adopted customs that are common in the shareholder-based system while others did not.Design/methodology/approachWe conducted qualitative interviews with 11 inverstor relations (IR) managers of large, listed Japanese firms in Kyoto and Tokyo.FindingsFirst, by inviting a hedge fund partner and using their human capital and social capital, a Japanese CEO committed to strengthening his firm’s competencies in the global market and introduced changes that are common in the shareholder-based system. Second, a CEO with an MBA degree and exceptional communication skills in English and Japanese dedicated himself to executing much of the strategic advice suggested to him by foreign shareholders and altered some of his firm’s traditional Japanese management practices. Third, even though many Japanese firms welcomed and used foreign shareholders as advisors to help them streamline and/or acquire firm assets, their top leaders’ implementation of organizational changes was limited. Fourth, the top leaders of family-owned firms were reluctant to initiate dialogue with foreign investors.Originality/valueThis article adds some useful organizational context to existing scholarship on institutional theory by examining Japanese leaders’ strategic management in their relations with foreign investors. Using the concept of dynamic capabilities, it addresses the role of innovative strategic managers in firms’ institutional changes.

The Cosmology of Menoreh Customary Tradition in Indigenous People Perspective

The concept of indigenous peoples is a global concern in local development including by international institutions such as the International Labour Organization. One indicator of indigenous peoples is cosmological knowledge which often incorporates deep connections between the material, spiritual realms and emphasizes the connective interconnectedness between humans and nature. Its development later became an international convention to protect the existence of indigenous peoples. This research uses ethnographic methods to explore the cosmology and memorial story of Menoreh indigenous people who do not recognize the administrative boundaries of the district so that they can perform traditional ceremonies from an indigenous perspective. Menoreh’s landscape illustrates the cosmological relationship between the local market, the Baritan ceremony, and the conservation of spring sacralization, which is a sustainable customary praxis. The ritual element of the cosmological axis of social interaction leads to two concepts. First, the relationship between Menoreh (caretakers as indigenous actors) and pilgrims' actions as visitors becomes an elementary social interaction. Second, the tradition of offerings and memorial of spirits (petilasan) becomes an elementary symbolic form.

Implementation of Penal Mediation "Tepung Tawar" as Criminal Case Settlement in Palembang, South Sumatra

Legal pluralism in Indonesia makes it a dynamic legal dynamic. Conflict resolution in social relations, whether it is a civil or criminal matter in Indonesian customary society prefers to be resolved by family or deliberation. In the settlement of criminal cases in Palembang, there is a customary tradition known as "tepung Tawar". This dispute resolution ends with "berangkan-angkanan" (binding brotherhood) which indicates that both parties have reached a consensus/agreement. In writing this Community Service article I will discuss the implementation of the customary tradition of "tepung tawar" in Palembang, South Sumatra Province, this activity aims to provide understanding to the community about restorative justice by means of "tepung tawar" as a medium for conflict resolution.

Research on the Characteristics of Figure Round Pattern in Qing Dynasty

Round pattern, also known as round nest pattern. It is one of the most common patterns in ancient China, that is, symmetrical radial or rotating round decorative patterns around. Such patterns are often found on ancient bronze ware, ceramics, weaving and embroidery products, and modern silk fabrics. Round pattern is an important part of the study of Chinese costume patterns, which contains the cultural concepts that Chinese people yearning for perfection, auspiciousness, reunion, harmony and beauty. Cloud bat pattern, rich and noble peony pattern, colorful cloud pattern, sitting dragon pattern, phoenix pattern, butterfly pattern, and so on, the subject matter is numerous. Central symmetry type, Tai Chi type corresponding type, rotary radiation type, asymmetric flower type, and so on, the style is rich. Among them, the Qing Dynasty appeared a round pattern with character stories and relatively free composition. The pattern of the character round has unique characteristics of the Times. On the basis of the aesthetic feeling of the round flower form, it integrates the plot of the characters, reflecting the characteristics of the social customs and aesthetic taste at that time, and establishes a bridge for the traditional pattern and custom illustration.

Analyzing the Role of Culture in TEFL Pedagogy and Its Implications for Language Teaching

This research investigates the role of culture in Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) pedagogy and its implications for language teaching. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative interviews with educators and focus groups with students to explore how cultural integration impacts learner motivation, engagement, and communicative competence. Educators and students from diverse cultural backgrounds participated in the study. Educators, selected for their experience in TEFL and cultural content integration, were interviewed to understand their perspectives on cultural integration strategies and perceived impacts on students. Meanwhile, student focus groups provided insights into their experiences with culturally integrated lessons and their development of intercultural competence. Qualitative data analysis involved thematic coding of interview transcripts and focus group discussions, while quantitative data from surveys assessed attitudes towards cultural integration and its frequency in teaching practices. Results indicate that while educators vary in their integration approaches—ranging from daily to infrequent—literature, music, and traditional customs are commonly integrated elements. Students overwhelmingly perceive cultural integration positively, noting increased motivation and a deeper understanding of language contexts. Findings highlight the critical role of cultural awareness in enhancing language learning outcomes, fostering intercultural competence, and preparing learners for global communication contexts. Recommendations include enhancing teacher training in cultural competence and expanding resources to support diverse cultural content in TEFL curricula.

Study on the Typical Path to Cast the Chinese Nation's Sense of Community

Binyang Cannon Dragon Festival is a comprehensive folk festival activity, which integrates the cultural characteristics of Han and Zhuang, and fully demonstrates the typical way to cast the sense of community of the Chinese nation in the new era. Through historical sources, economic, cultural and other aspects of research, to lay a solid cast of the Chinese nation community consciousness of economic foundation, spatial foundation and emotional foundation. In order to better protect, develop and inherit traditional folk customs.

The Influence of African Traditional Beliefs and Practices on Neo-Prophetic Christianity: An Analysis

The rapid expansion of the neo-prophetic strand of Pentecostal and Charismatic churches in Africa has resulted in much public and academic scrutiny against the backdrop of perceived appropriation of elements of indigenous African faith. Even though African countries have retained secularism in place of a state religion, many African states, notably Ghana, have remained steadfastly committed to their traditional religions, sometimes even working in tandem with monotheistic Abrahamic religions like Islam and Christianity. Unquestionably, indigenous African religious beliefs have had a significant impact on African mental matrixes, which in turn has affected the practice of Christianity. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate how Ghanaian Christianity was impacted by traditional African beliefs and customs. In particular, a study of neo-prophetic churches at Manso Dome-Beposo within the Ashanti Region of Ghana was employed. The data for the study was gathered using interview guidelines and qualitative approaches. The data collected was thematically analyzed in line with the reviewed literature. The study found that most prophetic explorations involve the use of rituals, artefacts, and stylistic forms, which are similar to Abisa in the Akan spiritual cosmology. The study found out again that, there are several elements suggestive of African traditional religious influence on Christianity. For instance, it was observed that the notion of the existence of evil spirits in Akan cosmology has strongly influenced contemporary prophetism in Ghana. The study concluded that although the idea that Christianity has been affected by African traditional religion may not have empirical validity, there are plenty of visible indicators to back up this assertion. It has been recommended that with the evidence of possible syncretism, a clear distinction should be made between the culture and the religious activities of the people since at times the church wrongfully accuses members even when they are performing culturing duties. This will help the church authorities to inculturate Christian liturgy. Keywords: Inculturation, African Traditional Religion, Syncretism

The Exploration of Lingyang Ceremony in Contemporary Gansu, China

This article delves into the "Lingyang" ceremony, a revered ancestral veneration ritual within Gansu's funeral culture in Northwest China. "Ling" meaning "receive" and "Yang" referring to "sheep," encapsulates the ritual's essence of using animals to bridge the spiritual and material worlds. The paper detailed the Lingyang ceremony's complicated practices, particularly in Jingyuan and Jingtai counties, highlighting its profound anthropological significance. The paper draws comparisons between the Lingyang ceremony in Gansu and the animal sacrifice rituals of Haitian Voodoo, highlighting the similarities in their use of animals as conduits between the material and spiritual worlds. Furthermore, the study explores the "Lingyang" ceremony's historical evolution against the backdrop of societal changes and examines its relevance in the modern context of globalization and modernization. This exploration not only deepens the understanding of Gansu's funeral rites but also engages in the broader conversation on the resilience of traditional customs in contemporary society. Through a detailed comparative analysis, the article offers insights into how such rituals adapt while retaining their core identity, reflecting the dynamic interplay between tradition and change.

FEATURES OF THE CULTURE-BUILDING APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THE PERSON IN THE CONTEXT OF SPIRITUAL AND MORAL KNOWLEDGE IN ISLAM

The Islamic religion occupies a special place in the development of moral values, determining the embodiment of cultural, spiritual, and moral qualities that form the basis for the educational capabilities of the individual in Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study is to analyse the religious and cultural features of the moral values and capabilities of Islam in the process of the individual’s educational development. The following methods were used to achieve the research objectives: generalisation, survey, and comparative. The study results have determined that the important aspects of the culture-building paradigm of the educational process are to consider the cultural and religious characteristics of the modern environment in which learning takes place. In educational institutions, Islam is based on the principles of morality and ethics, which are the basis of a person’s spiritual and moral development, paying attention to a wide range of related factors that affect this process. According to the survey, students who study the Islamic religion, one way or another, use the instilled values in everyday life. Among the main spiritual and moral qualities that are associated with national and cultural identity, it is worth highlighting: respect for elders, traditional customs and rituals, language, and literature. Although there are different spiritual movements represented in educational institutions in Kazakhstan, nevertheless, the content of the Islamic religion converges in its vision of educating a person as an educated, honest, kind, tolerant, and merciful person. However, it is worth bearing in mind that for the productive development of educational potential, it is important to consider the modern values and principles of the culture of a post-secular society. The practical significance lies in the use of the study results by academics, by specialists in religious studies and spiritual education.

NILAI-NILAI ISLAM DALAM BUDAYA ADAT KIRAB PUSOKO SAMPURING SELO RECO DI DESA NGRECO KABUPATEN PACITAN

This study aims to explore the essence of the traditional ceremony of Kirab Pusaka Sampur Selo Reco in the village of Ngreco, Pacitan Regency, from the perspective of the values of Al-Islam Kemuhammadiyahan. The research utilizes a qualitative approach with the intention to preserve the form and content of the actions and analyze their quantities to be transformed into qualitative entities. The research method used is phenomenology. The research sample is taken using purposive sampling techniques, involving the participants in the traditional ceremony. Data collection is carried out through interviews, documentation, and literature review. The results of this study indicate that the traditional ceremony of Kirab Pusoko Sampuring Selo Reco in Desa Ngreco, Pacitan Regency, emphasizes the perspective of the values of Al-Islam Kemuhammadiyahan. Overall, the study examines how traditional customs, Islamic values, and Javanese culture synergize in the context of the Kirab Pusoko Sampuring Selo Reco ceremony in Desa Ngreco, while highlighting Muhammadiyah's efforts to integrate and rationalize these values in modern life. Keywords: Muhammadan Islam; Cultural Parade.

Tending to Tradition?

From 1901-1942, the Ethical Policy era in the Dutch East Indies was a period when ‘ethical’ colonial policies, which sought to retain the cultural integrity and welfare of the Indonesian people were introduced by Dutch colonial authorities. These ethical policies included strengthening Indonesia’s agricultural economy to bolster local welfare, as well as integrating traditional Indonesian laws and values (adat) into their labour policies—particularly for female labourers. This paper explores the effects of Dutch Ethical Policy on the labour conditions for Indonesian women by examining the consequences of agricultural expansion, how adat is retained in labour policies, perceptions of Dutch versus Indonesian women, and the female night labour bill of 1925. It posits that the Netherlands used pretenses of promoting Indonesian welfare and retaining traditional customs to justify and cover their complacency in the hazardous labour conditions for Indonesian women as a means to earn more profit from crop yields.

Land Dispute and Traditional Customs in the New Territories: Analysis of Tang Kwong Yu Tong Case

In this paper, one of the most important methodologies is the literature analysis, that is, the use of legal provisions and the original text of the judgment as the basis for the interpretation of the Tang Kwong Yu Tong case. Since the second half of the last century, a large number of scholars have been critical of the present-day land administration and traditions in Hong Kong, which have been regarded as a travesty of the law. However, an inquiry into the reasons for the existence of this custom in judicial practices requires not only legal analysis, but also consideration of the historical background. As a legal history paper, this paper will investigate the causes of land custom and the reasons for its continuation to the present day by combining case studies with historical knowledge. Despite the irrationalities and anachronisms of traditional land practices, these customs are bound to exist for a long period.

Desain Kearifan Lokal Gorontalo sebagai Bahan Kajian dalam Pembelajaran Sains

The development of science and technology has a spirit that does not necessarily need to be translated, indicating that science can be related to academic studies associated with physics, chemistry, biology, as well as other natural sciences such as geology and astronomy. Science also means looking closely at social, economic, psychological, humanities and even educational phenomena. Lokal wisdom which has the value of indigenous science is a traditional custom passed down from generation to generation in Indonesia which needs to be supported by educational experts to be researched so that it is hoped that it will become scientific science. In Gorontalo there are several studies regarding indigenous science becoming scientific knowledge, such as discussions about panggoba related to astronomy and agrotechnology; payango (in the field of house building engineering/architecture), yinthu tuluhe plant for the health sector (medicine for skin diseases). Other research has been carried out on the benefits of tubile (tuba roots) for fish poison (piscisida), mongubingo which has religious, cultural and health value. However, it is realized that the design of Gorontalo lokal wisdom as study material in science learning is still very poorly studied. Referring to these phenomena and real facts, it is deemed necessary to carry out research using the literature study method (library) with the topic "Gorontalo Lokal Wisdom Design as Study Material in Science Learning."

NAVIGASI TRANSFORMASI KOMUNIKASI SOSIAL REMAJA MELAYU PETALANANGAN RIAU DI ERA DIGITAL

Technological progress towards digitization is now accelerating. In the current era of digitalization, most people have embraced a new lifestyle that is inseparable from electronic devices. The advent of the digital age has brought about many beneficial changes that can be fully utilized. Nevertheless, the emergence of the digital era has brought many adverse effects, thus creating new challenges in human existence throughout this period. The advent of the digital era has brought issues in various fields, including political, business, socio-cultural, defense, security, and information technology aspects. One of the purposes of the study is to manalysis of the influence of digitization on the metamorphosis of Malay culture in Petalangan, Indonesia. The investigation was inspired by the fact that people in Penang mostly ignored their traditional customs, which led to the identification of further goals in this area. Investigation of the current study This study uses qualitative techniques. This study was conducted in Petalawan village, which is located in the busy Pelalawan area of Riau province. In this particular study, participants used snowball sampling along with sample methods to collect data by observing individuals and conducting interviews. The data collected was analyzed using a specially developed interactive model created by Huberman and Miles. The result of this study is an understanding of the social dynamics of the Malay population of Petalangan, especially obtained from the digitization process. The digitization process has facilitated the emergence of new cultural expressions among the Malay population of Petalangan. Local artists and musicians can use internet platforms to disseminate their work, create music or art that combines traditional and contemporary elements, or innovate in fresh digital art forms influenced by their cultural heritage.

Tinjauan Teologis Panggilan Debata Terhadap Iman Kristen Dalam Masyarakat Batak Toba

This article will discuss the role of "debata" theology of calling within the context of Christian faith in Batak society, Indonesia. "Debata" theology of calling refers to the teachings and customary traditions of the Batak people that regulate the duties, responsibilities, and obligations of individuals within the community. This article will analyze how "debata" theology of calling influences the practices and perceptions of the Christian faith among the Batak community. The literature sources utilized in this article include research, books, and papers related to Christian theology and Batak culture.