Traditional Charts Research Articles

Where Is Research in the Era of Electronic Health Records?

IntroductionData extraction from electronic health records (EHRs) for use in clinical research continues to be labor-intensive and to offer little benefit over traditional paper chart reviews. This is largely due to poor integration of EHR systems with hospital process flow, which still relies heavily on traditional paperwork as a means of documentation. DiscussionNew methods in data collection through mobile applications have streamlined data entry through better data standardization and improved overall data quality. However, mobile applications address only a portion of the problem. Data entry errors and legacy integration will continue to be an issue when there are changes between practitioners with different EHR systems. The combination of a mobile application with the cloud platform has been applied in multiple specialties to monitor recovery and patient-reported outcomes. ConclusionMobile applications along with a virtual cloud environment to host data provide a reasonable solution for consolidating patient data and can accelerate population research.

Translational potential of human brain charts.

Translational potential of human brain charts.

P-356 Clinical implications of first-trimester ultrasound dating in singleton pregnancies obtained through in vitro fertilization

Abstract Study question Is there a correspondence between ultrasound estimation of gestational age (GAUS) and its calculation based on embryo transfer date (GAIVF), in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies? Summary answer GAUS and GAIVF are not overlapping, being the first mildly greater than the latter, maybe due to anticipated ovulation and fertilization or accelerated embryo development. What is known already In IVF pregnancies the precise date of conception is known. However, it is possible that some factors (such as a time delay between conception and implantation, an early in-vitro embryo development, and the maternal environment itself with its altered hormonal milieu) may influence the early stages of embryonic development. Data regarding first-trimester fetal development in IVF pregnancies are in fact conflicting and both underestimation and overestimation of the true GA were reported when traditional charts were used for ultrasound pregnancy dating. Study design, size, duration A retrospective study was performed, including all singleton IVF pregnancies who underwent the first-trimester ultrasound scan for the screening of aneuploidies between January 2014 and June 2019. For each pregnancy GA was determined using two alternative methods: one based on the date of embryo transfer (GAIVF), and one based on ultrasound measurement of crown-rump length (CRL) (GAUS). GA were compared to search for any discrepancy. The impact of pregnancy dating on obstetric outcome was evaluated. Participants/materials, setting, methods All women with singleton pregnancies conceived by conventional IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), who performed first-trimester ultrasound scan for the screening of aneuploidies at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology ‘L. Mangiagalli', Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, were included. Exclusion criteria were as follows: multiple pregnancy (i.e., the evidence of more than one gestational sac at the first ultrasound scan), abnormal karyotype and/or congenital malformations detected either in pre- or postnatal period. Main results and the role of chance Overall, 249 women were selected: 111 pregnancies (45%) by conventional IVF, and 138 (55%) by ICSI. Among the included women, 127 (51%) pregnancies resulted from frozen-thawed embryo transfer. At first trimester ultrasound scan, the discrepancy in days between GAUS and GAIVF was ≥ 4 days in 32 cases (13%, 95%CI: 9-18%). It ranged within 2 and 3 days in 100 cases (40%, 95%CI: 34-47%). In 117 cases (47%, 95%CI: 41-53%) GAUS and GAIVF overlapped or showed a discrepancy of ± 1 day. Comparing GAUS and GAIVF at first trimester ultrasound scan, the median values of GA were 88 [86 - 91] days and 87 [85 - 90] days, respectively (p < 0.001). The median difference was 1 [0 - 2] days, with GAUS systematically higher than GAIVF. This discrepancy persisted when subgroups were analyzed comparing different IVF procedures (conventional IVF versus ICSI, cleavage versus blastocyst transfer, frozen versus fresh transfer). The overall duration of pregnancy differed, with median values of 274 [269 - 281] days in GAUS group and 273 [268 - 280] days in GAIVF group, (p > 0.001). No impact of the dating method on obstetric outcomes was observed, being no differences in the rate of preterm birth or abnormal fetal growth. Limitations, reasons for caution This is a retrospective study and thus exposed to the inaccuracies of this study design. Moreover, being a single-centre study, the sample size is relatively small. Finally, ultrasound evaluations were performed by multiple operators: although they are all certified, there is some inter-individual variability that may impact on the results. Wider implications of the findings Despite a known date of conception, it is difficult to assume that the oocyte retrieval date precisely resembles the date of natural ovulation and conception. IVF seems to anticipate fertilization. On these bases, it would be advisable to date IVF pregnancies using GAUS to realign them to natural pregnancies. Trial registration number Not Applicable

The Federal Institute of Materials Research and Testing (BAM) – 150 Years of Enabling Scientific and Technological Breakthrough

The Federal Institute of Materials Research and Testing (BAM) – 150 Years of Enabling Scientific and Technological Breakthrough

449-P: Assessing Cardiovascular Risk in Prediabetes

Prediabetes carries a risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) . Assessment of CVD risk in prediabetes is not as routine, as is assessment of diabetes risk. However, it is not less important. This can be done through conventional SCORE charts and through coronary artery calcium (CAC) score. CAC is examined through multislice CT. Calcifications indicate late-stage subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. The AIM of our study was to assess traditional CVD risk through score charts and CAC in subjects with prediabetes (preDM) and to evaluate whether any correlation exists between the two. After diagnosing preDM with an oral glucose tolerance test and HbA1c, ECG, lipids, body mass index and blood pressure measurements were performed. Subjects were evaluated for CVD risk through Score charts. Thereafter, all subjects were appointed for multi-slice CT to obtain the CAC. A writen consent was obtained from all subjects. Results: 80 subjects with preDM were screened for CVD. CAC score of 0 was present in 35 subjects. Minimal calcifications with a CAC score of 1-AU were present in subjects with preDM. Moderate calcification of 11-100 AU were present in 18 subjects. 12 subjects had significant calcifications with 101-400 AU. Five subjects had a CAC score >400 AU. Evaluation of the Score charts reviled that Score risk below 2% was present in 20 subjects. Score risk of 3-4% was present in 10, 5-9% risk was present in 16 and a score risk of 10-14% was present in 8 subjects. Twenty six subjects with PreDM has a score risk of 15% and more. No significant correlation was found between Score charts and CAC. However, a trend of finding more calcifications in those with a 10% and above Score risk was noted. Conclusion: An approach to CVD risk assessment that combines the traditional Score charts with a more personalized atherosclerosis-imaging model may be appropriate for high risk subjects with pre diabetes. Disclosure T.Beljic zivkovic: None.

Listening to the silent struggles of bipolar disorder through sonification of iMoodJournal data.

Listening to the silent struggles of bipolar disorder through sonification of iMoodJournal data.

Establishment of risk quality control charts based on risk management strategies.

Risk management strategies have been proposed for applications in clinical laboratories to reduce patient risks; however, effective and visual risk-monitoring tools are currently lacking in medical laboratories. In this study, we constructed a risk quality control (QC) chart based on risk management strategies. We calculated the risk levels of QC materials based on Bayes' theorem by combining the total allowable error, QC results, and the maximum number of unacceptable errors in the laboratory. Then, we constructed a risk QC chart by presenting the Z values and corresponding risk levels of QC materials simultaneously. Finally, we evaluated the risk-monitoring capabilities of the risk QC charts by simulating different long-term errors in the laboratory. The risk levels of QC materials increased as the QC results moved further away from the set mean. Larger sigma values led to fewer risks obtained for the same QC results. The constructed risk QC charts intuitively showed specific risk levels and could warn lab staff out-of-control, without the need for QC rules to make judgments. The risk levels of erroneous results differed for items with different sigma performance. Risk-based QC charts allowed visualization of the QC results and specific risk levels simultaneously, providing more intuitive results than those obtained from traditional QC charts.

The End of Traditional Paper Charts: The Final Transition to Electronic Navigational Charts

In late 2019, the United States’ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) started a five-year program to end production and maintenance of its traditional paper nautical charts and corresponding raster chart products and services. This decision was driven by many factors. These included the challenge of maintaining two separate nautical chart production systems, one for raster and one for electronic navigational charts (ENC); growing demand for more timely and more detailed nautical chart coverage; diminishing use of paper nautical charts; and greater acceptance and use of ENCs by commercial vessels and recreational boaters. NOAA is refocusing resources to provide higher quality, more up-to-date, larger scale (more detailed), electronic navigational chart coverage and other ENC-based products and services.

Multivariate control charts for mean vector and covariance matrix with supplementary runs rules

The Shewhart control chart developed to statistically control the production process is not implemented in the actual process. It is simple and has the advantage of effectively detecting large shifts. But it is not effective in small shifts. To compensate for this, there are many several methods. In 1956, Western Electric Company presented a control chart with runs-rules added. In this paper, to compensate for the shortcomings of traditional Shewhart charts, we propose a chart for monitoring the mean vector and covariance matrix using runs rules proposed by Western Electric Company. In the run length distribution of the control chart to which the finite Markov chain embedding method and run rule were applied, it was confirmed that the mean of the run length rapidly decreased even with a small shift of the mean vector and covariance matrix. It is sensitive to small shifts. Therefore, it can be seen that the Shewhart control chart using runs rules in the production process is effective in detecting small fluctuations.

Utilization of machine and their elements is actual science and practical task

Basic physical and mechanical properties of heatcover composition material that is used for making of protective screens are experimentally investigated. For this pur-pose on the example of flowed plastic STEF executed (with the use of traditional charts) research at small (less than 1 m/s) and high (more than 3 m/s) rate-of-change of lad-ening. At small speeds of ladening durability of material was investigated at superficial deformation, tension, bend and change. At high speeds work of destruction and shock viscidity was determined. Organization and realization of experiments were done ac-cording to rules of planning experiments. All investigations were made with the using kinds of experimental equipment which had according certifications of control their quality and accuracy. Obtained results were treated by methods of mathematical statis-tics and researches of their dispersions. The results of experimental researches drawn on at the decision of concrete de-sign-engineering tasks, in particular, at development of equipment and choice of the modes of crushing of composition materials during their utilization (although, undoubt-edly, the obtained data have more wide value). For example, data of intruding conical elements in material were used for selecting optimal angles for working elements of equipment. Correlations between power parameters of intruding process were used for selecting power parameters of equipment for crushing of composition materials. Equipment and technology for crushing of composition materials during their uti-lization, which are designed on the base of these investigations, have new useful tech-nical and technological specialties, that is why, authors obtained document of intellec-tual property on this object.

Experimental modeling mechanical qualities of heatcover screens

Basic physical and mechanical properties of heatcover composition material that is used for making of protective screens are experimentally investigated. For this purpose on the example of flowed plastic STEF executed (with the use of traditional charts) research at small (less than 1 m/s) and high (more than 3 m/s) rate-of-change of ladening. At small speeds of ladening durability of material was investigated at superficial deformation, tension, bend and change. At high speeds work of destruction and shock viscidity was determined. Organization and realization of experiments were done according to rules of planning experiments. All investigations were made with the using kinds of experimental equipment which had according certifications of control their quality and accuracy. Obtained results were treated by methods of mathematical statistics and researches of their dispersions. The results of experimental researches drawn on at the decision of concrete design-engineering tasks, in particular, at development of equipment and choice of the modes of crushing of composition materials during their utilization (although, undoubtedly, the obtained data have more wide value). For example, data of intruding conical elements in material were used for selecting optimal angles for working elements of equipment. Correlations between power parameters of intruding process were used for selecting power parameters of equipment for crushing of composition materials. Equipment and technology for crushing of composition materials during their utilization, which are designed on the base of these investigations, have new useful technical and technological specialties, that is why, authors obtained document of intellectual property on this object.

Perspective Charts in a Multi-Foci Globe-Based Visualization of COVID-19 Data

The use of perspective projection in data visualization has been shown to potentially aid with the perception of small values in datasets with important variations at multiple scales. We integrate perspective charts, which use perspective projection in their designs, into a geospatial visualization application for global COVID-19 data. We perform an evaluation through Amazon Mechanical Turk to evaluate the readability of these visualizations compared to traditional methods, when tools such as interactive techniques are used. Results of our evaluation show that participants more accurately retrieved small values from perspective chart visualizations than traditional bar charts on the globe. The use of perspective projection in an interactive system allows for users to read data with important variations at multiple scales without affecting the overall perception of scale in datasets.

Validation of a Smartphone-Based Institutional Electronic Data Capture System for Thumb Carpometacarpal Joint Arthroplasty.

The Orthopaedic Minimal Data Set (OrthoMiDaS) Episode of care (OME) is a prospectively collected database enabling capture of patient and surgeon-reported data in a more efficient, comprehensive, and dependable manner than electronic medical record (EMR) review. We aimed to assess and validate the OME as a data capture tool for carpometacarpal (CMC) arthroplasty compared to traditional EMR-based review. Specifically, we aimed to: (1) compare the completeness of the OME versus EMR data; and (2) evaluate the extent of agreement between the OME and EMR data-based datasets for carpometacarpal (CMC) arthroplasty. The first 100 thumb CMC arthroplasties after OME inception (Febuary, 2015) were included. Blinded EMR-based review of the same cases was performedfor 48 perioperative variables and compared to their OME-sourced counterparts. Outcomes included completion rates and agreement measures in OME versus EMR-based control datasets. The OME demonstrated superior completion rates compared to EMR-based retrospective review. There was high agreement between both datasets where 75.6% (34/45) had an agreement proportion of >0.90% and 82.2% (37/45) had an agreement proportion of >0.80. Over 40% of the variables had almost perfect to substantial agreement (κ > 0.60). Among the 6 variables demonstrating poor agreement, the surgeon-inputted OME values were more accurate than the EMR-based review control. This study validates the use of the OME for CMC arthroplasty by illustrating that it is reliably able to match or supersede traditional chart review for data collection; thereby offering a high-quality tool for future CMC arthroplasty studies.

Suggestions to the article: demonstrating the ascendancy of COVID-19 research using acronyms.

The article published on 16 May 2021 is interesting and impressive, particularly on the Figure displaying several acronyms in trend. Although the most popular eight acronyms in 2019 and 2020 are individually highlighted and labeled, how to determine the points in 2019 and 2020 is required for classifications. The analysis for the evolution of keywords is common and necessary in the bibliographic study. None of the studies addressed the determination of the bursting point for a given keyword over the years. We aim to illustrate the way to determine the inflection point on a given ogive curve and apply the temporal bar graph (TBG) to interpret the trend of a specific keyword (or acronym). The prediction model is based on item response theory, commonly used in educational and psychometric fields. The eight acronyms presented in the previous study were demonstrated using the TBG. We found that the TBG includes more valuable information than the traditional trend charts. The inflection point denoted the topic burst indicates the turning point suddenly from increasing to decreasing. The TBG combined with the inflection point to represent the trend of a given keyword can make the data in trend easier and clearer to understand than any graph used in ever before bibliometric analyses.

Visual Analysis of Evolutionary Patterns in Judicial Judgment Documents

Existing analysis of judicial data is mainly based on traditional statistical charts, and can not better relate to the internal information of judicial document nor satisfy the requirement of judicial data analysis. A visual analysis approach is proposed to analyze the judicial judgment document data by interactively presenting the evolution of judicial data. First, the approach consists of a hierarchical structure based evolution view to analyze the overall changes of judicial judgment document data. Second, the approach combines matrix view, word network view, topic clustering graph, and word cloud to carry out a refined analysis of internal multiple information. The triplet information of the case is further extracted and the key entities are visualized with constraint layout to help locate and grasp the contents of the case quickly. Based on a large-scale judicial judgment documents, case analysis is conducted on the evolution of case dispute types and the internal relations of the case, and quantitative user research and evaluation for multiple view tasks combined with the scoring method are carried out. The average score of all questions is larger than 3.5, which provides a potential solution for the subsequent visual analysis of judicial document data.

Evaluation of Visual Acuity Measurement Based on the Mobile Virtual Reality Device

Job-related vision standards have become an increasing concern in recent years. Mobile visual acuity measurements enable early detection and diagnosis of visual impairments and are being used around the world. However, the reliability of mobile visual acuity testing has not yet been fully demonstrated. A simple virtual reality (VR) system combining a mobile phone and a VR cardboard device has the potential as a reliable visual acuity evaluation system due to its fully controlled environment. Visual acuity measurements taken via this type of VR system were evaluated by comparing them with those obtained using the traditional Snellen chart. This study gathered data according to different parameters, including right or left eye, with or without corrective vision devices, and the learning effects of the system. The results showed that the VR system had an accuracy of up to 96.43% and 92.86% for the left and right eyes, respectively, for participants not using corrective devices. In the same group, the proposed system provided significant correlation results for Spearman’s r parameters for the left and right eyes (0.7342 and 0.8188, respectively), as compared to those obtained using a traditional approach. Therefore, despite some limitations, a mobile VR system has potential as a self-diagnostic tool for rapid, low-cost visual acuity measurements in a fully controlled environment as well as for providing historical vision data and tracing for the early detection of visual impairments or conditions.

One‐class classification‐based monitoring for the mean and variance of time series

AbstractThis study develops a statistical process control (SPC) chart that simultaneously monitors the mean and variance of general location‐scale time series models. Integrating the one‐class classification (OCC) technique (the support vector data description (SVDD) particularly), we formulate a nonlinear boundary to enclose in‐control observations for detecting structural anomalies. The control limits obtained from SVDD can capture a more sophisticated structural change and are also controllable. We particularly propose a control chart formulated using location‐scale residuals. This further enhances our ability to detect shifts in the mean, variance, and various model parameters. The proposed OCC control chart is compared with some traditional charts and is validated by conducting simulations under various circumstances. Moreover, we consolidate applicability in a real data analysis by demonstrating its functionality with the S&P 500 index.

Chart Datum-to-Ellipsoid Separation Model Development for Obhur Creek Using Multibeam Hydrographic Surveying

A traditional shore-based discrete point chart datum (CD) that represents the lowest astronomical tide (LAT) in Saudi Arabia using tide gauge data is utilized to reduce the observed depth collected from hydrographic surveying test to CD-referenced depth for producing navigation charts for maritime navigation applications. A need for developing CD in a continuous form is essential to replace the traditional discrete CD using tide gauge data. The importance of the development of CD-to-ellipsoid (WGS84) separation model is that it can be utilized by the hydrographers to develop an accurate vertical control for hydrographic surveys applications and can be utilized by the mariners to produce accurate dynamic electronic navigation charts (ENCs). In this paper, a continuous CD to WGS84 ellipsoid separation model for the Sharm Obhur area is developed using a multibeam hydrographic surveying test. It is shown that the continuous chart datum ranges from −4.920 m to −4.766 m and can be achieved with standard deviation ranges from 0.1 cm to 2.3 cm. To validate the separation model, a comparison was made with the gravimetric/oceanographic method based on the separation height developed from geoid height, the sea surface topography and LAT value (chart datum to mean sea level) at the tide gauge located in the study area. The comparison showed that the average value of the developed continuous CD to WGS84 separation model heights using multibeam hydrographic surveying agrees with the separation height estimated from gravimetric/oceanographic method.

Using images of partially visible chart for multi-camera system calibration

Incorporating in the geometric calibration images in which the calibration chart is only partially visible can help to make calibration process much more efficient and more accurate. This is particularly true in the case of systems involving a larger number of cameras. A calibration tool developed by us that makes it possible to utilize also images in which only a part of the chart can be detected is described and the benefits of using such a tool compared to the traditional checkerboard chart calibration are demonstrated. Examples illustrating the implications of the requirement that all chart points must be detected in the image on the spatial distribution of the corner points used for calibration are shown and the impact of the resulting distribution on the accuracy of the calibration is analyzed, using both synthetic and real data sets.

Modified One-Sided EWMA Charts without- and with Variable Sampling Intervals for Monitoring a Normal Process

Much research has been conducted on two-sided Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) control charts, while less work has been devoted to the one-sided EWMA charts. Traditional one-sided EWMA charts involve resetting the EWMA statistic to the target whenever it falls below or above the target, or truncating the observations above or below the target and further applying the EWMA statistic to the truncated samples. In order to further improve the performance of traditional one-sided EWMA mean (X¯) charts, this paper studies the performance of the Modified One-sided EWMA (MOEWMA) X¯ charts to monitor a normally distributed process. The Monte-Carlo simulation method is used to obtain the zero- and steady-state Run Length (RL) properties of the proposed control charts. Through extensive simulations and comparisons with other charts, it is shown that the proposed MOEWMA X¯ charts compare favorably with some existing competing charts. Moreover, by attaching the variable sampling intervals (VSI) feature to the MOEWMA X¯ charts, it is shown that the VSI MOEWMA charts outperform the corresponding charts without the VSI feature. Finally, a real data example from manufacturing process shows the implementation of the proposed one-sided charts.