Traditional Books Research Articles

裴庭裕의 (東觀奏記)(中卷) 譯註와 사료적 의의

As conflicting evaluations indicate, understanding and analysis of Da-Zhong period requires a more comprehensive approach. This is possible through cross-validation of various historical sources, but there are very few historical sources that convey the history of Da-Zhong period. Under these circumstances, the historical value of Dongguanzouji(東觀奏記) by Pei Tingyu(裴庭裕) is exceptional. Because, with the exception of Jiutangshu(舊唐書), Xintiangshu(新唐書) and Zizhitongjian(資治通鑑), which are the traditional books of Da-Zhong period, the one that remain intact as historical materials that fully describe the historical facts of Da-Zhong period is Dongguanzouji. In addition, the fact that Pei Tingyu directly participated in the compilation of the Annals further enhances the historical credibility of his description. Of course, there are also non-factual descriptions based on subjective perception in terms of personal work, but the fact that it presents specific cases that are difficult to understand without going through the contemporary period has high historical value. In terms of historical sourses, the second chapter of Dongguanzouji has some unique characters. First of all, it has a value as a unique record that is not confirmed in other sources. Second, the contents of Chapter 2 of Dongguanzouji were used as the basis for records by other works of later generations. Third, Chapter 2 of Dongguanzouji supplements the historical information of other extant sources. Lastly, Chapter 2 of Dongguanzouji also contains information on institutional regulations. Chapter 2 of Dongguanzouji not only conveys the historical facts of Da-Zhong period, but also includes the evaluation of Pei Tingyu’s moral value and public opinion evaluation within a certain range. This is to increase the historical value of Dongguanzouji.

The beneficial effects of Ferula asafoetida oleo-gum resin in gastrointestinal disorders

Ferula asafoetida is a plant from Umbelliferae Family, which its gum is traditionally used to treat the gastrointestinal disorders (parasite, bloating, digestion, cancer). According to its traditional applications, the subject of this review was to evaluate the efficacy of F. asafoetida in management of different gastrointestinal disorders in modern medicine. For this purpose, the scientific resources (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, SpringerLink, SciFinder, ACS Publications, and Wiley), traditional books, and thesis were investigated by the word of Ferula asafoetida, Hing, and gastrointestinal tract and the results were evaluated. There was one clinical trial on the efficacy of F. asafoetida in treatment of functional dyspepsia, and the other pharmacological activities such as anti-parasite, anti-cancer, anti-diarrhea and liver protective effects were evaluated in preclinical studies. Although, F. asafoetida can be proposed as a good candidate for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, but the majority of studies have been limited to the experimental investigations. Therefore, evaluation of its efficacy and safety in well-designed human clinical studies is required to use of this valuable oleo-gum resin.

THE GENESIS AND EVOLUTION OF LENGTHENING (AḶAPEṬAI) IN TRADITIONAL TAMIL GRAMMAR BOOKS

Succeeding books after Tolkāppiyam are Vīracōḻiyam, Nēminātam, Naṉṉūl, Ilakkaṇa viḷakkam, Toṉṉūl viḷakkam, Cuvāminātam, Aṟuvakai ilakkaṇam, Muttuvīriyam, Tamiḻnūl, Teṉṉūl, Vaḷartamiḻ ilakkaṇam, Tamiḻkkāppu iyam. All these traditional grammar books are written in verse. The research paper attempts to explore the similarities, differences and contemporary usage of Lengthening / Long sound (Aḷapeṭai) among the above listed books. While making a complaint or singing a song or calling out for someone or crying out of pain or selling the goods, the last alphabet is pronounced long. The study further analyses that how Tamiḻnūl, Vaḷartamiḻ ilakkaṇam, Tamiḻkkāppu iyam classify and exercise ‘Aḷapeṭai’ in the modern context.

Family Values in Advertising Discourse of Women’s Periodicals of the NEP Era

The aim of this research is to identify the values of a family and society, reflected in advertising discourse including bibliographic advertisement on the pages of women’s periodicals of the NEP era. New empirical material is introduced into scientific circulation: texts of traditional and editorial book advertisement of non-state periodicals for women (Magazine for housewives, 1922–1926, Women’s magazine, 1926–1930). The relevance of the research is due to the necessity of studying bibliographic advertisement in women’s specialized magazines, which has not been included previously in the orbit of scientific interest. The basic research methods are historical and typological, comparative historical, methods of linguistic and textual analysis, entire overview. The authors reveal the importance of bibliographic advertisement on the pages of “Magazine for housewives” and “Women’s magazine” in process of transformation of the value paradigm in post-revolutionary Russia, reconsideration of the old and consolidation of the new gender roles of a woman in Soviet society (the wife, the mother, the housewife, the worker, the social activist). Using syncretic of their genre nature texts on the pages of Magazine for housewives and Women’s magazine actualizes genres of bookselling advertisement (annotation, price list) as well as media genres (mini-review and review, recommendation, etc.). Comparisons, lexical repetitions, superlatives of adjectives, calls to action, etc. were used as means of language suggestion in book advertisement in specialized magazines. Indication of the uniqueness of a book novelty, promise of a gift or a benefit and personalization are becoming the universal methods of book advertisement. Since the strategies tested in bibliographic advertisement of the NEP era were actively developed in the subsequent period, our results can be used in future analysis of axiological context of the Soviet advertising discourse.

Ethno-Medical Informations from Coastal Odisha, a Review

Traditional knowledge that is developed through the combined experience of many generations is still practiced in many tribal and rural societies. The aim of this review is to collect informations on the medico-religious plants used in the various ailments by the rural and Tribal population of Odisha with a focus on the pharmacological uses of some plants, in order to create room for future research. The novelty of our review is best understood from the fact that the religious basis of the plants of Odisha and their application has not yet been addressed and this is the first instance that such study is undertaken in a sequential manner. Worldwide accepted databases were searched for plants of Odisha, through electronic search, literature from Indian Classical texts and from different traditional books. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 50 informants (Age 50yrs, with male 80% & female 20%) at 20 locations around different coastal districts of Odisha to find folkloric use of plants and photographs captured during different rituals observed throughout Year. A total of 46 numbers of plants were found widely used in the coastal district of Odisha for different diseases. The details like scientific name, family, local name and its utilization with the method of preparation were provided. Six plants were found to have religious background and were utilized frequently. Detailed investigations on reviewed plants relating to phytochemistry, pharmacology could be the future research interest in the area of phytomedicine.

ALBERT-BPF: a book purchase forecast model for university library by using ALBERT for text feature extraction

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to achieve automatic and accurate book purchase forecasts for the university libraries and improve efficiency of manual book purchase.Design/methodology/approachThe authors presented a Book Purchase Forecast model with A Lite BERT(ALBERT-BPF) to achieve their goals. First, the authors process all the book data to unify format of books' features, such as ISBN, title, authors, brief introduction and so on. Second, they exploit the book order data to label all books supplied by booksellers with “purchased” or “non-purchased”. The labelled data will be used for model training. Last, the authors regard the book purchase task as a text classification problem and present a model named ALBERT-BPF, which applies ALBERT to extract text features of books and BPF classification layer to forecast purchased books, to solve the problem.FindingsThe application of deep learning in book purchase task is effective. The data the authors exploited are the historical book purchase data from their university library. The authors’ experiments on the data show that ALBERT-BPF can seek out the books that need to be purchased with an accuracy of over 82%. And the highest accuracy reached is 88.06%. These indicate that the deep learning model is sufficient to assist the traditional manual book purchase way.Originality/valueThis research applies ALBERT, which is based on the latest Natural Language Processing (NLP) architecture Transformer, to library book purchase task.

Interactive books for preschool children: from traditional interactive paper books to augmented reality books: listening to children’s voices through mosaic approach

ABSTRACT The preference of preschool children for interactive traditional paper books has long been proved. More novel than traditional interactive books are the Augmented Reality (AR) books, which took a place in the book market for more than a decade now. For this study, we have used the Mosaic approach as a form of participatory research. The main methods used included children's presentations, interviews, observations, photo-taking, and taking part in a voting procedure. Our findings showed that the requirements for using AR books are not yet met by mobile devices that the youngest users have, so their audience is still limited. Even though the AR book seemed to be more promising for engaging children's attention longer, this was not possible because of the constraints imposed by the very delicate screen handling and children expressed their preference for the traditional interactive book.

A Study on Shifting Perceived Value of E-books in Light of COVID-19 Pandemic

The research study titled "A study on shifting perceived value of e-books in light of Covid -19 pandemics" aims in exploring the value of e-books among guardians and students. It also aims in understanding the changing behavior of students toward the purchase of e-books. It will also help in comprehending the future preference or trends linked with the format of books purchased. The research study will help the researcher in identifying the variations in everyday life initiated by the pandemic related to the books. Both primary and secondary research methods have been taken into consideration for the evaluation of the research data. Based on the collected data, the researcher has evaluated it and has presented research findings. Here the researcher has highlighted both the perspectives, the traditional books, and e-books. Traditional books tend to have an emotional value compared to e-books. Moreover, with the adoption of various applications of technology, E-books can be searched or accessed easily. E-books are preferred as they are more affordable than the printed copy version.

Modelling Subscription‑Based Streaming Services for Books

By departing from the Nordic countries, the purpose is to explain and conceptualize how subscription-based streaming services for books operate in the contemporary book trade, and furthermore to discuss what effects these new business models are causing regarding the production, distribution, and consumption of books. A model is proposed that outlines the aspects of streaming services and the relationships to other actors involved. The model illustrates how streaming services affect the entire chain of publishing, and influence the constitution of books in contemporary digital culture. Since audiobooks are by far most popular, the production get altered to suit this format. Streaming services themselves also act as publishers, which makes them powerful. Distributional aspects are both more complex and more important in streaming services than in traditional book retailing. When consumption is transferred to digital platforms, the distributional frame and the final product converge, and consumer data becomes a key source of information.

Decoloniality, Language and Literacy: Conversations with Teacher Educators

Thisedited collection sets outto counter hegemonic and monolingual education and language practices, both in teacher education programmes and the schooling system where these trainee teachers will work. It developed from conversations between teacher educators at University of Cape Town during the student protest movements between 2015 and 2017, which called for both free and decolonized education(a focus of many articles in this journal;see, for example, Shay, et al., 2016; Sebidi & Morreira, 2017; Hlatshwayo, 2021). A deep sense of dialogue, reflexivity,and activism permeate the contributions, encouraging the reader to feel part of ongoing conversations for thiscollective and decolonial endeavour. Another real strength of the book comes in the inclusion of a variety of unconventional contributions, with interviews, reflections, visual essays,and poems alongside more traditional book chapters that include multimodal and multilingual data. This is entirely coherent with the decolonial praxis modelled throughout the book and points to new ways that we can allpush at the boundaries of what is considered academic writingto enable epistemic justice.

Pharmacological, ethnomedicinal, and evidence-based comparative review of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Shigru) and its potential role in the management of malnutrition in Tribal Regions of India, especially Chhattisgarh

Moringa oleifera Lam. (Shigru) (Moringaceae family) is a traditional medicine used for control of diabetes, obesity, asthma, and cardiac, liver, gastrointestinal, infective, and brain disorders, such as depression and Alzheimer's disease. In Ayurvedic literature, Shigru is among few drugs having Balya (nourishing) as well as Medohara (antiobesity) property. This review focuses on valid connections between the properties documented in ancient literature and current pharmacological knowledge of Moringa, including pharmacological actions, phytochemistry, botanical description, and how Moringa can tackle malnutrition in India, especially Chhattisgarh. All information about M. oleifera was obtained from electronic scientific databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Traditional Knowledge Digital Library, and Indian Traditional Books (Ancient Ayurveda literatures, The Wealth of India, and The Ayurvedic Formulary of India), postgraduate/doctoral thesis, and googling the keyword M. oleifera. M. oleifera have anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, gastroprotective, wound-healing properties and it can potentially tackle malnutrition. This review describes the key information related to botanical description of M. oleifera, phytochemistry, pharmacological actions, clinical studies, toxicological studies, better utilization as food therapeutics, and ethnobotanical and evidence-based comparative review of M. oleifera. M. oleifera can effectively tackle malnutrition in India, especially Chhattisgarh. The authors emphasize the need for future in-depth ethnopharmacological lead-based research and clinical studies to expand M. oleifera pharmacological activities, clinical efficacy, and safety.

Intangibles: The Missing Ingredient in Book Value

The author closely examines the impact of adding intangibles to traditional book equity as a more meaningful value measure. This intangibles-adjusted value metric subsumes the traditional book-to-price metric in explaining cross-sectional equity returns and improves value factor performance across subsample periods and geographic regions. The author finds that knowledge capital (capitalized research and development expenditures) plays a more important role than organization capital (capitalized partial selling, general, and administrative expenditures). The improved value premium comes from both the long and short sides of intangibles-adjusted high-minus-low (HML), which is good news for investors under a long-only constraint and provides useful information for investors who choose to short or underweight certain names.

Mineralogical characterization of the traditional geopharmaceutical ithmid by XRF and XRD

Geopharmaceuticals, specifically minerals were used to treat various diseases from antiquity. Ithmid or kohl stone is one of the most-applied geopharmaceuticals in the Middle East, Africa, and South Asia. The usage of ithmid for eye make-up caused many concerns about the possible toxicity and lead poisoning, because the concentration of lead content is usually higher than the international standard limit. The goal of this study was mineralogical investigation of ithmid stones (three samples) from Iran using XRD and XRF. Also, traditional applications of ithmid were extracted and reported. X-ray diffractometer and X-ray fluorescence analysis was used to determine the composition of three samples of ithmid stone from Tehran, Shiraz, and Kerman. The indications suggested for ithmid in Traditional Iranian Medicine were extracted from Makhzan al advieh, Qarabadin Salehi, and Qarabadin Kabir. Major phase of ithmid samples were galena (PbS), and the main element was lead with a high concentration in all three samples. Based on traditional books, ithmid was used for ocular injuries, infectious wounds, and visual disorders. It was proved that ithmid has antimicrobial effects against pathogens involved in ocular infections, but regular application of such products is a potential threat for costumer health. Therefore, regular check-out of kohl products by authorities is necessary to avoid the risk of lead toxicity and resultant health issues.

Questions of Citizenship and the Nature of "The Public"

This essay is taken from a talk given at a symposium discussing Professor Ken Stahl’s book, Local Citizenship in a Global Age.1 It is not a traditional book review, but rather a series of musings inspired by the ideas in the book. Professor Stahl’s new book, Local Citizenship in a Global Age, addresses a number of important issues, many of which have been the focus of my prior work: the existence of boundaries, borders, and the spaces in between; who we include in those boundaries and who we exclude; public space, private space, and the lines between them; spaces of production versus those of consumption; and questions of place and authenticity. Thus, I was excited to participate in a discussion of the book. This essay focuses specifically on Part III of Stahl’s book, which addresses “Race, Space, Place, and Urban Citizenship.” In addition to the topics I mentioned above, Professor Stahl’s book is about citizenship. Indeed, it is primarily about citizenship. But, as Professor Stahl describes various conceptions of citizenship, it is clear that the reader has to grapple with all of the other issues I noted—boundaries, place, exclusion—in order to fully understand citizenship. This essay provides no broad critiques or sweeping analysis. Rather, it will discuss the concepts that struck me in the book and the ideas it made me think about. Thus, what follows are some thoughts, organized generally in the order in which they came to me as I was reading Part III of the book.

Glimpses of The Oral History of Tibetan Studies

The Oral History of Tibetan Studies (OHTS) project collects memories of individuals who have contributed to the formation of Tibetan Studies as an independent academic discipline in the second half of the twentieth century. Through interview recordings, it explores two aspects: the development of the discipline itself, and the distinctive life-stories of the individuals involved. The project includes scholars and academics, Tibetan teachers and traditional scholars, artists, photographers, book publishers, and sponsors. The oral testimonies also provide crucial information on related academic fields, such as Buddhist and Religious Studies, Anthropology, and Asian Studies more generally, and present a kaleidoscope of broader social, cultural, and educational developments. Of particular interest is the interconnection with Buddhist Studies, as exemplified in the UK and through links with the International Association of Buddhist Studies. This report aims to introduce the project, its open access online archive, and future plans.

Design and Implementation of Medical QA System using Machine Learning Techniques

Nowadays, people rely on Traditional books or Google for every answer to their questions on a day-to-day basis, from basic information to medical queries. Till now, people are facing problems and are unable to find the accurate answer to their questions or fetch relevant results. Also, this technique is time-consuming as people have to go through many books to obtain one relevant answer or search various websites, which is a tedious task and not an efficient way in today's world where time is the top priority, yet the majority of people follow these techniques. So, to overcome this technique and solve the current problems, we have implemented a new technique in this paper. The BERT model, pre-trains deep bidirectional representations from the unlabeled text which conditions on both left and right, as a result, provides accurate answers to the user’s query when compared to the state-of-the-art model. This same model can be further implemented in other domains to obtain accurate results.

Illuminated English Law Books

Illuminated books of the English legal tradition follow distinct iconographic patterns depending on the nature of the legal material included. The article explores correlations and dissonance between image and text as well as the symbolism associated with the imagery (in both initials and the margins) and its connection to political, legal and social discourses. It evaluates what the images reveal about key concepts of medieval law and justice, including kingship and good governance, the role of parliament and the church in endorsing these, as well as how these aspects might be undermined (or paradoxically confirmed) by medieval society’s penchant for role reversal, transgression and misrule.

Online Book Trade in Siberia and the Far East

The article analyzes the activities of regional Internet companies offering books in Siberia and the Far East. The research methodology is based on the combination of comparative-typological analysis and landscape-reconstructing approach. Use is made of monitoring results of bookselling enterprises in the region within the framework of the federal project “Cultural Map of Russia”. It is shown that online sales are a dynamically developing channel of the traditional (printed) retail book market in Russia. Based on the identification and analysis of the main characteristics of enterprises offering books on the Internet (location, subject of the Russian federation, assortment, degree of integration, structure of the enterprise, etc.), the most common groups of enterprises in the regional book market are identified: internet divisions of publishing houses; multi-profile online stores; online book stores without retail divisions; online stores of bookselling enterprises. As the most common type in the regional market, the Internet divisions of wholesale and retail independent and online bookselling enterprises are identified. The features of the presentation of a specialized book on the Internet are revealed. The main areas of specialization of federal, regional and local companies offering book products on the Internet along with other products are identified: educational and office supplies, educational games and toys, business and technical literature, etc. The trends and promising directions of development of the regional online book trade are revealed. Diversification of activities and multichannel are defined as the key trend in the development of the regional book market.

Scientific Life of Hakim Mohammed Azam Khan Rampuri Chashti; Custodian of Indo-Iranian Medicine During the 19th Century Changes of Indian Subcontinent

Indo-Iranian medicine dates back to a couple of centuries ago. The Gurkanies’ movement from Iran and Transoxiana to India introduced the Persian language to India, and the scientific language changed from Arabic and Sanskrit to this language. Iranian medicine has had a remarkable influence on the Indian Subcontinent, a sign of which is the elevated medical literature written in this language. Hakim Mohammad Azam Khan was born in 1813 AD. His ancestors were great sages of Khorasan (in north east of Iran) and then migrated to Afghanistan and India. Since he lived in the late 19th AD century, he had access to many Iranian traditional books. He provided rich sources of traditional medicine for the next generation by publishing traditional medicine books and traditional pharmacology. He wrote great books such as the Exir Azam (a comprehensive medical encyclopedia), Romouz Azam (a general book on medicine), Qarabadin Azam (Pharmacopeia). With his profound 19th century orientalist approach that emphasized safeguarding the Persian language, he created numerous works in the field of medicine, making him the most serious custodian of Indo-Iranian medicine in India. The present study reviews the scientific life of a contemporary famous author of Indo-Iranian medical literature written in Persian Language.

The Matrix of Understanding: Moses Zacuto’s Em la-Binah and Kabbalistic Works of Reference

Abstract The systematization of knowledge for educational practice entered a new era in the wake of Ramism. Innovative encyclopedic approaches and textbooks also surfaced in the field of Kabbalah. This article discusses Moses Zacuto’s approach to the kabbalistic genre of reference books and the impact of Lurianic Kabbalah. Against the backdrop of the reception of Ramist ideas and building upon the interaction between Kabbalah and logic in Abraham Cohen de Herrera’s Spanish books, two works in particular, which Zacuto left in an apparently unfinished state in manuscript form, are analyzed in this context: Em la-Binah and Remez ha-Romez. Both works differ from traditional reference books, and Em la-Binah in particular will be examined in order to answer the question of how Zacuto’s strategy for commonplace learning worked in a Lurianic textbook in progress.