Cargo Tracking Research Articles

МОБИЛЬНОЕ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ ДЛЯ ТРАНСПОРТИРОВКИ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ

This article explores the possibilities and advantages of using mobile applications for the transportation of agricultural products. The authors analyze the benefits of mobile applications intended for the optimization of delivery routes, cargo tracking, automation of warehouse management and integration with other systems. In addition, the article discusses the benefits of using mobile applications to improve communication and cooperation between farmers, suppliers and consumers of agricultural products. This allows one to reduce costs and increase the efficiency of the entire agricultural value chain. Based on this study and practical examples presented in the article, it was concluded that mobile applications may significantly improve the transportation of agricultural products, increase operational efficiency and improve the quality of service. For each industry, it is vital to increase profits and reduce costs. In this regard, this article is devoted to the study of the possibilities of improving the efficiency of road transportation of agricultural goods. In order to create a high-performance advanced transport logistics system, Kazakhstan needs to ensure transparency of transport tariffs and the mechanism of their control and regulation concerning set of certain issues. It's important to focus on refining the performance of current networks while also improving the management of their usage intensity. Moving towards eco-friendly fuel options, cutting maintenance expenses through the upsizing of transportation companies, and embracing technological advancements and innovations are key elements in this matter.

Development of a unified digital transport and logistics intelligent platform based on the National Operator

This article is devoted to the research and development of a single digital transport and logistics intelligent platform based on the infrastructure of the National Operator. In the context of a rapidly developing transport and logistics industry, the creation of such a platform becomes a key strategic initiative. The abstract analyzes the main components and benefits of the platform, such as data integration, route and load optimization, demand forecasting, warehouse management, cargo tracking, improved planning and coordination, and analytics and reporting.

ІННОВАЦІЇ В СФЕРІ ЛОГІСТИЧНОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ

The article conducts a study of innovative processes that are currently being implemented in the sphere of modern logistics business. It is stated that in modern conditions the importance of logistics management is acquiring special significance. One of the key requirements in the logistics market today is the integration of logistics processes and their interaction with all enterprise departments. It has been established that the latest technologies are being actively introduced into the logistics sector – the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, blockchain, digitalisation, automation, etc. These innovations can have a significant impact on the efficiency and flexibility of logistics management in the economic activities of an enterprise. To solve this problem, it is necessary to improve the logistics management system. It is indicated that the transition from the traditional supply chain to networked logistics supplies activates the space for economic growth, optimises operations and improves service while reducing costs and working capital. It is noted that the digitalisation of entrepreneurial activity in the field of e-commerce obliges to take a fresh look at logistics as a tool for managing the supply chain in order to create new efficient work processes and determine the focus of changes that should take place in them. Digital supply chain management includes automation processes, the use of data analytics, management of electronic ordering systems and cargo tracking, etc. It is specified that innovations in the sphere of logistics management should concern not only the logistics chain, but also be implemented in the financial and operational areas of the enterprise. The main forms of innovation activity in the logistics management system are identified. A scheme for implementing innovations in the field of logistics management has been developed. A basic model of a digital supply chain management system is established. It is summarised that introduction of innovative forms of management into the system of logistics activities contributes to increase of efficiency of enterprise and forms an effective economic environment.

Customs and logistics activities in ensuring financial and economic security

Geopolitical and geo-economic factors of influence on the country’s economy impose new requirements in ensuring the financial and economic security of the state. A significant place in ensuring the economic security of the state is assigned to the customs authorities. Along with the functions of budget revenue administration, customs control, in importance, is customs and logistics activities. The purpose of customs logistics is to ensure the financial and economic security of the country, taking into account possible external and internal threats, during the movement of cargo across customs borders. The methodology of the research includes the substantiation of the conceptual apparatus, the purpose and the main tasks of the logistics there. The positions of the EAEU member states on the Logistics Efficiency Index are analysed, common difficulties of the customs and logistics systems of the EAEU member states are identified; it is concluded that the countries for the period under study have not reached the optimal level of logistics infrastructure formation. A strategy for managing threats and risks of the customs and logistics sphere, logistics innovations is proposed. Based on the proposals, a forecast of the trade turnover of the Russian Federation for 2023 and a forecast for exports and imports of the EAEU member states with China and India has been compiled. The innovative component of improving customs and logistics activities is associated with the use of Cargo tracking technology, electronic declaration, and the introduction of a logistics process automation system that allows forecasting sales, purchases, and inventory balances. Strategic management of the development of customs and logistics activities is associated with the formation and implementation of ideas, the choice of technologies, tools and mechanisms for planning, forecasting, motivation, stimulation and controlling, integrating operations and functions into a single complex that guarantees the financial and economic security of the state.

Application of Digital Twin in Handling and Transportation of Hazardous Chemicals

In China, the Ministry of Transport stressed the need to “Strengthen the application of active safety technology”. The transportation of hazardous chemicals represented by LNG, LPG, and liquefied hydrocarbons is the weak link in traffic safety. The aim of this study is to apply digital twin (hereinafter referred to as DT) technology to the whole process of handling (including loading and unloading) and transportation of hazardous chemicals to help improve the anti-risk ability of road networks at all levels. The method is intended to design a monitoring system covering operation visualization, information fusion, cargo tracking, and hazard source monitoring that is based on DT technology and multi-source data acquisition technology. First, DT technology in the areas of hazardous chemicals handling and transportation is discussed. Then, the DT system is designed, including the system construction, functions, and the means of achieving these functions. Finally, taking the procedure in LNG road transportation as an example, we illustrate the application of DT in its four stages. This system is used to present the evolutionary path of accidents that occur in different links and assist in testing the rationality of the comprehensive disposal plan.

A Literature Survey on Automated Cargo Tracking System

Abstract: The automated asset tracking system is designed to track lost or lost property in public and elsewhere. As goods are transported by plane or train from one country to another, there is always a risk of theft or negligence of the goods or luggage in which the proposed system is considered. The automatic property tracking system works with an alarm where the alarm is set via the Arduino UNO board and GPS module. Also, the alarm goes off as soon as the bag is misplaced and goes out some distance. In addition, a map is created where we can track the location of the bag as it travels, as the symbols are lowered in a way that gives us the location of the bag as it moves from the desired location. In this way, the components are used as an Arduino board and GPS Module to track cargo and build a front-end or mobile system to monitor lost property. Keywords: Arduino UNO, GPS module

Small Extracellular Vesicles in Milk Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier in Murine Cerebral Cortex Endothelial Cells and Promote Dendritic Complexity in the Hippocampus and Brain Function in C57BL/6J Mice.

Human milk contains large amounts of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and their microRNA cargos, whereas infant formulas contain only trace amounts of sEVs and microRNAs. We assessed the transport of sEVs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and sEV accumulation in distinct regions of the brain in brain endothelial cells and suckling mice. We further assessed sEV-dependent gene expression profiles and effects on the dendritic complexity of hippocampal granule cells and phenotypes of EV depletion in neonate, juvenile and adult mice. The transfer of sEVs across the BBB was assessed by using fluorophore-labeled bovine sEVs in brain endothelial bEnd.3 monolayers and dual chamber systems, and in wild-type newborn pups fostered to sEV and cargo tracking (ECT) dams that express sEVs labeled with a CD63-eGFP fusion protein for subsequent analysis by serial two-photon tomography and staining with anti-eGFP antibodies. Effects of EVs on gene expression and dendritic architecture of granule cells was analyzed in hippocampi from juvenile mice fed sEV and RNA-depleted (ERD) and sEV and RNA-sufficient (ERS) diets by using RNA-sequencing analysis and Golgi-Cox staining followed by integrated neuronal tracing and morphological analysis of neuronal dendrites, respectively. Spatial learning and severity of kainic acid-induced seizures were assessed in mice fed ERD and ERS diets. bEnd.3 cells internalized sEVs by using a saturable transport mechanism and secreted miR-34a across the basal membrane. sEVs penetrated the entire brain in fostering experiments; major regions of accumulation included the hippocampus, cortex and cerebellum. Two hundred ninety-five genes were differentially expressed in hippocampi from mice fed ERD and ERS diets; high-confidence gene networks included pathways implicated in axon guidance and calcium signaling. Juvenile pups fed the ERD diet had reduced dendritic complexity of dentate granule cells in the hippocampus, scored nine-fold lower in the Barnes maze test of spatial learning and memory, and the severity of seizures was 5-fold higher following kainic acid administration in adult mice fed the ERD diet compared to mice fed the ERS diet. We conclude that sEVs cross the BBB and contribute toward optimal neuronal development, spatial learning and memory, and resistance to kainic acid-induced seizures in mice.

Isolation, profiling, and tracking of extracellular vesicle cargo in Caenorhabditis elegans

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) may mediate intercellular communication by carrying protein and RNA cargo. The composition, biology, and roles of EVs in physiology and pathology have been primarily studied in the context of biofluids and in cultured mammalian cells. The experimental tractability of C.elegans makes for a powerful invivo animal system to identify and study EV cargo from its cellular source. We developed an innovative method to label, track, and profile EVs using genetically encoded, fluorescent-tagged EV cargo and conducted a large-scale isolation and proteomic profiling. Nucleic acid binding proteins (∼200) are overrepresented in our dataset. By integrating our EV proteomic dataset with single-cell transcriptomic data, we identified and validated ciliary EV cargo: CD9-like tetraspanin (TSP-6), ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (ENPP-1), minichromosome maintenance protein (MCM-3), and double-stranded RNA transporter SID-2. C.elegans EVs also harbor RNA, suggesting that EVs may play a role in extracellular RNA-based communication.

A Novel Fuzzy-Based VIKOR–CRITIC Soft Computing Method for Evaluation of Sustainable Supply Chain Risk Management

This article aims to evaluate sustainable supply chain risks using a novel fuzzy VIKOR–CRITIC technique. The research contributions of this study are twofold. First and foremost, this is the first attempt to integrate the fuzzy VIKOR approach with the CRITIC method in order to eradicate the inadequacies of the VIKOR method. Second, this is the first study to look at the sustainable supply chain risk management in Pakistan’s logistics industry. Four logistics companies were chosen for the study, and thirty criteria were established and divided into four categories using acquired data and literature studies. According to the findings, organizational risks are the most important to consider, whereas environmental hazards have the least influence. Supply delays, freight rate/oil price fluctuations, bankruptcy, and natural catastrophe are the four most important criteria in these categories. Limited suppliers, cargo tracking, IT system failure, and international politics are the four least significant criteria in the four risk categories. The findings are useful for the logistics industry operating in CPEC for risk mitigation and sustainable operation. The research may be used as a guideline for risk identification and management by practitioners and decision-makers in Pakistani logistics organizations.

Covid-19 impact upon the digitalization of the transport sector in Bulgaria

Digitalization is gradually spreading through the transport and logistics industry, and the new technologies are profoundly reshaping the market, producing radical changes in every single stage of the supply chain to help reduce expenses and improve efficiency. Transport, in many respects, is an industry that is highly open to automation and implementation of IoT (Internet of Things) solutions. The successful integration of IoT technologies is likely to bring considerable benefits for transportation companies, such as diminished transportation delays, sporadic operator errors, preventive measures for poor cargo tracking and monitoring, IT failures and identity theft, in addition to the effective utilization of big data for the provision of automated real-time business analytics solutions. The present paper attempts to critically examine the impact of COVID-19 on the digitalization of the transport sector in Bulgaria, and offers, thereupon, a systematization of the major problems the enterprises face.

CONSTRUCTION OF TRANSPORT COMPANY’S INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE

The purpose of the article is to study the information aspects of the activities of a motor transport enterprise, to build a communication network within the enterprise, which seeks to fully satisfy the needs of society for the transportation of goods and passengers. Methodology. The study was carried out using graph theory - one of the major branches of discrete mathematics, which is widely used in solving economic and management problems. Using these methods, the minimum path in the information network is found. Results. The quality and timeliness of information coming in the forward and backward directions determines the quality of management of individual objects of the road transport system, as well as the possibility of its coordinated functioning in order to fully satisfy the needs of society for the transportation of goods and passengers. The article examines the introduction of information technologies in transport, which are used at all stages of receiving, storing, processing and transmitting information, should fully ensure the timeliness and high quality of information support when making managerial decisions at all levels of the transport system. The general principles of the construction and functioning of motor transport systems are analyzed through the prism of the information procedures implemented in them and the emerging information flows. It has been established that most of the total volume of information processed in a company can be information necessary for the management and control of logistics operations. Since the road transport system is geographically distributed, a modern specialist must master the methods of spatial analysis based on geoinformation technologies. The development of the information and communication infrastructure of a new transport company, which plans to carry out the transportation of goods by road, has been investigated. The company will provide services such as cargo transportation, freight forwarding services, cargo tracking, cargo insurance, settlement of cargo deliveries, cargo unloading and loading. For the optimal placement of the company's network, graph theory is used. An optimal communication network has been built, connecting various departments of the company, namely, the transportation department, the office, the accounting department, the economic planning department, the legal department, the mechanical department, the communications department, and the personnel department. The scientific novelty of the article is the use of the method for constructing an optimal communication network at a trucking company. The practical significance of the work is that this method can be used at any transport company that begins its activity to build communication links between any departments of the company. In this case, these connections will be optimal.

Economic and legal approaches to balancing the development of the transport and logistics system

The globalization of market relations has given impetus to the rapid development of the transport and logistics system, which has led to its imbalance. Therefore, there is a need to develop economic and legal approaches that will balance the development of this system. The purpose of the academic paper is as follows: to reveal the factors creating an imbalance in the development of the transport and logistics system and establish economic and legal aspects that balance the transport and logistics system. To achieve the goal outlined, the following methods have been used, namely: statistical analysis, element-theoretical, correlation, factor analysis, generalization and analogy. It has been established that the factors directly affecting the development of the transport and logistics system are the level of development of transport infrastructure and customs conditions. A causal relationship between investment in transport infrastructure and income from freight traffic by various types of transport in individual EU countries has been proven. It has been established that the creation of simplified conditions of customs clearance and its electronicization contributed to balancing the development of the transport and logistics system. The legal and economic approaches in balancing the transport and logistics system of individual EU countries have been highlighted, which consist in the development of general and special strategies and their financing. Along with this, they involve the adoption of legislation, providing for the development of infrastructure, the introduction of innovative technologies, and the improvement of the internal logistics network. Such network includes an information base on the cargo service provider, recipient, ease and accuracy of cargo tracking, a simplified customs clearance system, including through electronic filing of declarations, as well as attracting investments in the implementation of the legal regulations outlined.

CLIENT SATISFACTION TOWARDS TRANSPORTATION AND LOGISTICS SERVICES PROVIDERS, TAMIL NADU

Background: The present study focuses on the client satisfaction towards the usage of logistics service providers. The client satisfaction is the similar terminology that's sounds customer satisfaction. The client satisfaction is a term frequently used in marketing, is a measure of how products and services supplied by a transportation and logistics services providers meet or surpass customer expectation. Methodology: In this study, the researcher used descriptive research design. The primary data is collected using a structured questionnaire. The secondary was collected from journals, magazines, project reports, websites and etc. There are 299 registered transportation and logistics service providers in Tamil Nadu. The population of the study would be the customers (clients), who have approached these above companies for service. The population would be innite. The sample size was conned from the Demorgan's table. From the Demorgan's table, the 384 samples are necessary for innite population with 95 per cent of condence level and 5 per cent of condence interval. The researcher has issued 400 questionnaires and received around 391 questionnaires from customers of the transportation and logistics service providers. The remaining nine questionnaires from customers of the transportation and logistics service providers were biased. Results: From the study it was found that the tracking and tracing of cargo as well as the transit time are the major factors considered while selecting the forwarder. Exporters also look for clearance and consolidation service provided by the forwarder. By focusing on these factors, the organization can retain existing customers as well as develop new ones.

Microservices Backlog–A Genetic Programming Technique for Identification and Evaluation of Microservices From User Stories

The microservice granularity directly affects the quality attributes and usage of computational resources of the system, determining optimal microservice granularity is an open research topic. Microservices granularity is defined by the number of operations exposed by the microservice, the number of microservices that compose the whole application, and its complexity and dependencies. This paper describes “Microservice Backlog (MB)”, a semiautomatic model for defining and evaluating the granularity of microservice-based applications; MB uses genetic programming technique to calculate at design time the granularity of each microservice from the user stories in the “product backlog” or release planning; the genetic algorithm combined coupling, cohesion, granularity, semantic similarity, and complexity metrics to define the number of microservices, and the user stories associated with each microservice. MB decomposes the candidate microservices, allowing to analyze graphically the size of each microservice, as well as its complexity, dependencies, coupling, cohesion metrics, and the number of calls or requests between microservices. The resulting decomposition (number of microservices and their granularity) performed by MB shows less coupling, higher cohesion, less complexity, fewer user stories associated with each microservice, and fewer calls among microservices. MB was validated against three existing methods, using two state-of-the-art applications (Cargo Tracking and JPet-Store), and one real-life application (Foristom Conferences). The development team and/or architect can use metrics to identify the critical points of the system and determine at design time how the microservice-based application will be implemented.

Features of Logistics Development in the BRICS countries

Research background: Brazil, Russia, India, China, as well as South Africa (BRICS) have such economic potential that, according to the expert community, by 2050 they may become the dominant economies of the world. The aim of the scientific contribution is to analyze the BRICS countries about Logistics Performance Index (LPI). Purpose of the article: Using the diagnostic matrix method, the analysis of the logistics development of the BRICS countries according to the estimates presented above makes it possible to characterize them according to each criterion, as well as to form a general characteristic. In addition, it is necessary to calculate the delta of the indicator for each criterion for each country for the selected study period. Methods: We suggest using the Logistics Performance Index (LPI) and Emerging Market Logistics Index (EMLI) ratings as an information base for analyzing the logistics development of the BRICS countries. The LPI rating is calculated every two years by the World Bank, which, together with the University of Turku, developed it in 2007. Findings & Value added: As the analysis has shown, even within the framework of integration groups, such as the BRICS, the level of logistics development is quite different. The undisputed leader according to LPI is China, which bypasses other countries of the grouping not only in terms of the level of infrastructure development, in which some of the world's largest financial investments are made, but also in the quality of logistics services, customs and border clearance, organization of international transport, cargo tracking. timeliness of their delivery.

HOW DOES COVID-19 PANDEMIC EFFECT ONLINE SHOPPING IN E-COMMERCE?

The E-commerce Industry has many changes that affect both the industry and the scope of competition. In this study, online shopping was examined with the factors affecting customer evaluation in the Covid-19 pandemic. During Covid-19, shopping is mostly done online because people are at home. A quantitative method with a questionnaire was applied to 150 active online customers to determine customer evaluation for online shopping. Demographic characteristics, gender, age, marital status, and graduation impact analysis were found to affect online shopping. Minimizing the problems in shipping processes and increasing payment options are important findings. Social media was found to be a significant commercial potential for online shopping during the Covid-19 period. The effect of Trust, Cargo Tracking, Website Features, and Satisfaction was examined. It was determined that there was a negative relationship between Trust and Cargo-Tracking in the Covid-19 period. It was concluded that a positive shipping process increases confidence in Covid-19 period. It was determined that bad features of the websites negatively affect customers' trust. Finally, it has been found that

Tracking exogenous intracellular casp-3 using split GFP.

Cytosolic protein delivery promises diverse applications from therapeutics, to genetic modification and precision research tools. To achieve effective cellular and subcellular delivery, approaches that allow protein visualization and accurate localization with greater sensitivity are essential. Fluorescently tagging proteins allows detection, tracking and visualization in cellulo. However, undesired consequences from fluorophores or fluorescent protein tags, such as nonspecific interactions and high background or perturbation to native protein's size and structure, are frequently observed, or more troublingly, overlooked. Distinguishing cytosolically released molecules from those that are endosomally entrapped upon cellular uptake is particularly challenging and is often complicated by the inherent pH-sensitive and hydrophobic properties of the fluorophore. Monitoring localization is more complex in delivery of proteins with inherent protein-modifying activities like proteases, transacetylases, kinases, etc. Proteases are among the toughest cargos due to their inherent propensity for self-proteolysis. To implement a reliable, but functionally silent, tagging technology in a protease, we have developed a caspase-3 variant tagged with the 11th strand of GFP that retains both enzymatic activity and structural characteristics of wild-type caspase-3. Only in the presence of cytosolic GFP strands 1-10 will the tagged caspase-3 generate fluorescence to signal a non-endosomal location. This methodology facilitates easy screening of cytosolic vs. endosomally-entrapped proteins due to low probabilities for false positive results, and further, allows tracking of the resultant cargo's translocation. The development of this tagged casp-3 cytosolic reporter lays the foundation to probe caspase therapeutic properties, charge-property relationships governing successful escape, and the precise number of caspases required for apoptotic cell death.

Internet of Ships: A Survey on Architectures, Emerging Applications, and Challenges

The recent emergence of Internet-of-Things (IoT) technologies in mission-critical applications in the maritime industry has led to the introduction of the Internet-of-Ships (IoS) paradigm. IoS is a novel application domain of IoT that refers to the network of smart interconnected maritime objects, which can be any physical device or infrastructure associated with a ship, a port, or the transportation itself, with the goal of significantly boosting the shipping industry toward improved safety, efficiency, and environmental sustainability. In this article, we provide a comprehensive survey of the IoS paradigm, its architecture, its key elements, and its main characteristics. Furthermore, we review the state of the art for its emerging applications, including safety enhancements, route planning and optimization, collaborative decision making, automatic fault detection and preemptive maintenance, cargo tracking, environmental monitoring, energy-efficient operations, and automatic berthing. Finally, the presented open challenges and future opportunities for research in the areas of satellite communications, security, privacy, maritime data collection, data management, and analytics, provide a road map toward optimized maritime operations and autonomous shipping.

Effectiveness and Efficiency of Artificial Intelligence in Boosting Customs Performance: A Case Study of RECTS at Uganda Customs Administration

The artificial intelligence (AI) revolution has great economic potential for customs operations. Indeed, some have already hailed AI ‘the new oil’ since it has become a resource for businesses to streamline processes. This may be an imperfect analogy, but it does capture the excitement and high expectations surrounding the AI-driven economy. AI is a sub-field of computer science that enables intelligence exhibited by machines. For example, in the East African community, the Regional Electronic Cargo Tracking System (RECTS) is used to monitor cargo in transit from Mombasa in Kenya through Uganda to Rwanda and now in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This has transformed transit cargo management through deterring of dumping and diversion of transit cargo in real time. Previously, cargo would sometimes, if not most of the time, go unaccounted for while in transit, which caused government revenue leakage and business losses. This paper examines the global standards and actions in the uptake of AI for trade facilitation in smoothing customs operations. This study looks at how the uptake of AI has affected customs administration in terms of transit management and security of cargo as well as trade facilitation, which greatly reduces the cost of doing business by the private sector. Based on the study findings, the paper offers several recommendations for policy makers, including undertaking Private Public Partnerships (PPP), integration of RECTS with other Customs systems, well-planned change management and developing a pool of AI experts in Customs.

Effective behavior of cooperative and nonidentical molecular motors.

Analytical formulas for effective drift, diffusivity, run times, and run lengths are derived for an intracellular transport system consisting of a cargo attached to two cooperative but not identical molecular motors (for example, kinesin-1 and kinesin-2) which can each attach and detach from a microtubule. The dynamics of the motor and cargo in each phase are governed by stochastic differential equations, and the switching rates depend on the spatial configuration of the motor and cargo. This system is analyzed in a limit where the detached motors have faster dynamics than the cargo, which in turn has faster dynamics than the attached motors. The attachment and detachment rates are also taken to be slow relative to the spatial dynamics. Through an application of iterated stochastic averaging to this system, and the use of renewal-reward theory to stitch together the progress within each switching phase, we obtain explicit analytical expressions for the effective drift, diffusivity, and processivity of the motor-cargo system. Our approach accounts in particular for jumps in motor-cargo position that occur during attachment and detachment events, as the cargo tracking variable makes a rapid adjustment due to the averaged fast scales. The asymptotic formulas are in generally good agreement with direct stochastic simulations of the detailed model based on experimental parameters for various pairings of kinesin-1 and kinesin-2 under assisting, hindering, or no load.