Track Length Research Articles

Effect the Annealing on The Growth Length Rate of Alpha Particles Tracks in CR-39 Nuclear Track Detector

The aime of this paper is to investigate the impact of annealing on track growth rate (dL/dt), which is calculated using the track length measurement method. A 600 micro meter-thick CR-39 detector, divided into four samples (1 x 1 cm2), was vertically irradiated by alpha particles with 2.6 MeV from a 241Am source which have max energy 5.48 MeV . The three samples were annealed at 100–140oC by type 20o C using oven Memmert U4079142. All samples were etched in a 6.25 N NaOH solution at 70±1 oC in a Memmert W200 water bath, the periodic etching time was 0.5 hours to 6 hours. The etched image was captured using a camera (MADC_5A) attached to a microscope (XSZ-H Series Biological Microscope). The bulk etch rate and diameters increase with increasing annealing temperatures. The new method used in this paper to calculate the experimental track length is based on the relation between track length and track diameter obtained from track-test software.

Estimation of Groundwater Potential at Khalid Bin Walid Boarding School Using the Schlumberger Configuration Geoelectric Method

Khalid Bin Walid Islamic Boarding School is one of the Islamic boarding schools in Rokan Hulu Regency. This school is located in a water crisis area with complex groundwater sources. This study aims to determine the potential of groundwater as a reference for drilling wells and to determine the structure of the subsurface layer by using the geoelectrical method. The geoelectrical method is a method that is widely used, and the results are promising, namely, to obtain an overview of the subsurface soil layers and the possibility of groundwater presence. The configuration used in this study is the Schlumberger configuration using the basic principle of current propagating in the earth when injected in all directions and the assumption that the potential of the subsurface rock layer is the same. Data will be collected on four tracks, with a track length of 100-200 m. From the data processing results, it was found that potential sources of groundwater on track 3 with a depth of 13.7–30.3 m with alluvium rocks were suspected. Groundwater on this track can be used as a source of clean water using drilling.

Tinjauan Perencanaan Trase Jalan KA Lintas Makassar Pare-Pare

The construction of the Trans Sulawesi railway line phase 3, which began in 2019 across two regencies, namely Maros and Pangkajene and Islands regencies with a track length of 67.1 km. The Trans-Sulawesi railway line which was built in phase 3 is divided into two segments, the first segment crosses Maros district between km 14+400 to km 44+100, while the second segment crosses Pangkajene and Islands districts between km 44+100 to km 73+600 . The railway line that crosses Pangkajene and Islands regencies along 29.5 km crosses various regional conditions such as residential areas, plantations, rice fields, rivers, roads, hills and valleys. Based on these conditions, the condition of the vertical alignment on this line has a steep condition because it passes through hills and valleys which allows the train speed on the line to be low and not in accordance with the operating speed. For this reason, this research review aims to find other alternative routes by redesigning the route so that the train speed can match the planned speed, because on time schedule is one indicator of train scheduling performance

Optimized Monte Carlo simulations for voxel-based internal dosimetry

Objective. The scientific community has considered internal dosimetry by the Monte Carlo method the gold standard. However, there is a trade-off between simulation processing time and the statistical quality of the results that makes it a challenge to obtain accurate absorbed dose values in some situations, such as dose estimation in organs affected by cross-irradiation or limited computing power. Variance reduction techniques are used to reduce computational processing time without impairing the statistical quality of the results, such as tracking energy cutoff, secondary particle production threshold, and parallelism of different types of emissions from radionuclides. Approach. In this work, GATE Monte Carlo code and its variance reduction techniques were evaluated to calculate S values of organs from the international commission on radiological protection (ICRP) report 110 male phantom for the lutetium-177, iodine-131, yttrium-90, and radium-223 radionuclides. The results are compared with the data from the OpenDose collaboration. Main results. A cutoff of 5 MeV for local electron deposition and 2.0 mm of secondary particle production range resulted in a computational efficiency increase of 7.9 and 1.05 times, respectively. Simulation of ICRP 107 spectra-based source proved to be about 5 times more efficient when compared to a decay simulation using G4RadioactiveDecay (Geant4-based radioactive decay processes). Track length estimator (TLE) and split exponential track length estimator (seTLE) techniques were used to calculate the absorbed dose of photon emissions, resulting in computational efficiency up to 29.4 and 62.5 times higher when compared to traditional simulations, respectively. In particular, the seTLE technique accelerates the simulation time by up to 1426 times, achieving a statistical uncertainty of 10% in volumes affected by cross-irradiation. Significance. The variance reduction techniques used in this work drastically reduced the simulation time and maintained the statistical quality of the calculated absorbed dose values, proving the feasibility of the use of the Monte Carlo method in internal dosimetry under challenging situations and making it viable for clinical routine or web applications.

Development of Railway Track Crack Detection System using Arduino

The Indian Railways has one of the largest railway networks in the world, criss- crossing over 1,15,000 km in distance, all over India. However, with regard to reliability and passenger safety Indian Railways is not up to global standards. Among other factors, cracks developed on the rails due to absence of timely detection and the associated maintenance pose serious questions on the security of operation of rail transport. A recent study revealed that over 25% of the track length is in need of replacement due to the development of cracks on it. Manual detection of tracks is cumbersome and not fully effective owing to much time consumption and requirement of skilled technicians. This paper is aimed towards addressing the issue by developing an automatic railway track crack detection system with the proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT). It is possible to collect massive amount of data for localization and tracking of Railway Fault Detection.

Distance-dependent distribution thresholding in probabilistic tractography.

Tractography is widely used in human studies of connectivity with respect to every brain region, function, and is explored developmentally, in adulthood, ageing, and in disease. However, the core issue of how to systematically threshold, taking into account the inherent differences in connectivity values for different track lengths, and to do this in a comparable way across studies has not been solved. By utilising 54 healthy individuals' diffusion-weighted image data taken from HCP, this study adopted Monte Carlo derived distance-dependent distributions (DDDs) to generate distance-dependent thresholds with various levels of alpha for connections of varying lengths. As a test case, we applied the DDD approach to generate a language connectome. The resulting connectome showed both short- and long-distance structural connectivity in the close and distant regions as expected for the dorsal and ventral language pathways, consistent with the literature. The finding demonstrates that the DDD approach is feasible to generate data-driven DDDs for common thresholding and can be used for both individual and group thresholding. Critically, it offers a standard method that can be applied to various probabilistic tracking datasets.

A Novel Toolbox for Induced Voltage Prediction on Rail Tracks Due to AC Electromagnetic Interference Between Railway and Nearby Power Lines

AC electromagnetic interference (EMI) between railway and nearby power lines causes serious concerns about railway personnel and equipment safety. The AC EMI analysis is usually conducted by complex computer simulation software to estimate induced voltages on rail tracks, and induced voltages can be further used for safety evaluation. However, such analysis becomes especially difficult at the transmission line routing stage when only limited information of railway and power lines is available. To overcome this challenge, a novel regression model-based toolbox is developed in this paper to predict induced voltages on rail tracks. To develop this toolbox, the dataset acquisition is critical due to very limited research done in this area. The novel dataset is produced by our newly developed AC EMI study method, where variations of several essential factors are considered, including the power line's current, the separation distance between power lines and railway, the ballast resistance, and the length of rail tracks. Two models are eventually chosen to predict induced voltages: “Gaussian process regression” with “matern 3/2” kernel function; and a tri-layered “neural network” model with “sigmoid” activation function. To improve the accuracy, hyperparameters of the regression algorithms are optimized by Bayesian optimization. The toolbox is accurate and easy-to-use, and is currently in use by Manitoba Hydro, Canada.

Pendugaan Aliran Conduit Sistem Akuifer Kawasan Karst Gua Pindul Gunung Kidul Menggunakan Metode Geolistrik Konfigurasi Wenner

Karst areas contain limestone lithology that is easily dissolved by water, so rainwater can accelerate the process of dissolving rocks below the surface and forming cavities. The hydrological system of the Pindul area has a conduit flow karst aquifer type. The components of conduit flow are open channels and pipe-like passages that have various shapes. The distribution and direction of conduit flow control the Pindul Cave karst aquifer system in Gunung Kidul. The wenner configuration resistivity geoelectric method can determine the presence of a subsurface—conduit flow in karst areas by knowing the difference in rock-specific resistance values. Resistivity geoelectric measurements were carried out using 8 tracks with each track length of 200 meters. The results of data processing and interpretation of the resistivity cross-section show the presence of conduit flow in 5 passes with a resistivity value of 0.174-25 Ωm. The results of the study can provide an overview to determine the subsurface river area.

Thermal Evolution, Hydrocarbon Generation, and Heat Accumulation of a High Geothermal Coalfield: A Case Study of Pingdingshan Coalfield, China.

As an important energy base in central China, the Pingdingshan coalfield has abundant coal and geothermal resources. The cooperative exploration of coal and geothermal resources is significant for the comprehensive utilization of energy resources. This work collected coal-bearing samples from the Pingdingshan coalfield to investigate the tectono-thermal evolution of a high geothermal coalfield, especially the present geothermal field and hydrocarbon generation model. The geochemical results show that the Shanxi and Taiyuan source rocks have average R o values of 0.88 and 0.97%, respectively, with an average Rock-Eval T max value of 442 °C. Hydrocarbon generation of source rocks started at ∼205 Ma, with the highest rates at ∼170 Ma, reaching the maximum transformation ratio of 40-50% in the middle of the Early Cretaceous. The age and length of apatite fission tracks (AFTs) indicate that coal-bearing strata underwent significant post-depositional annealing after the Late Permian and suggest an abnormal thermal event that occurred in the Late Mesozoic. Meso-Cenozoic thermal event was mainly caused by the plutonic metamorphism of the Early Jurassic and magmatic thermal metamorphism of the Early Cretaceous, achieving a maximum paleotemperature of ∼140 °C. The magmatic thermal event resulted from the intensive post-orogenic extension of the Qinling-Dabie Orogenic Belt caused by the tectonic transition of the North and South China Plates. The present-day high geotemperature of Pingdingshan Coalfield is dominated by the horst structure caused by the regional extension of the basin-mountain system. The Cambrian limestone with a high thermal conductivity underlying coal measure collects deep heat, forming a heat accumulation center of this horst structure with a heat flow of 74 mW/m2 and a maximum temperature of ∼50 °C nowadays.

Study on Screening Parameter Optimization of Wet Sand and Gravel Particles Using the GWO-SVR Algorithm

The optimization of screening parameters will directly improve the screening performance of vibration screens, which has been a concern of the industry. In this work, the discrete element model of wet sand and gravel particles is established, and the vibration screening process is simulated using the discrete element method (DEM). The screening efficiency and time are used as evaluation indices, and the screening parameters including amplitude, vibration frequency, vibration direction angle, screen surface inclination, the long and short half-axis ratio of the track, feeding rate, and screen surface length are investigated. The results of an orthogonal experiment and range analysis show that the amplitude, screen surface inclination, and vibration frequency are significant factors affecting screening performance. Then, the support vector regression optimized with the grey wolf optimizer (GWO-SVR) algorithm is used to model the screening data. The screening model with excellent learning and prediction ability is obtained with the Gaussian kernel function setting. Moreover, the GWO-SVR algorithm is used to optimize the screening parameters, and the screening parameters with optimal screening efficiency and time are obtained. Furthermore, the effectiveness and reliability of the optimized model are verified using the discrete element calculation. The optimization strategy proposed in this work could provide guidance for the structural design of vibration screens and screening process optimization.

Contrasting thermal histories in the Dom Feliciano Belt triggered by magmatism related to the Paraná-Etendeka LIP and fracture zone proximity

The present-day southern Brazilian continental margin rests on top of the Dom Feliciano Belt (DFB) and adjacent cratons. This belt formed through the collision of the Rio de La Plata, Kalahari, Paranapanema, Congo and Luis Alves paleoplates in the Neoproterozoic. Several low-temperature thermochronology works were executed in the area, although none of them demonstrated how the basement temperature of the entire DFB evolved through time. To this end, this work aims to provide new Apatite Fission Track (AFT) and Apatite (UTh)/He (AHe) ages for samples collected in the Catarinense Shield, in the northern DFB, and to perform inverse modeling in those samples. Besides, the collection of the basement temperature of 128 locations across the entire belt and adjacent cratons provided thermal information to create inverse-distance weighted interpolation maps documenting the progression of the temperature from 360 to 30 Ma. New AFT ages range from 126.6 ± 24.1 to 60.3 ± 6.03 Ma, whereas AHe ages span from 153.0 ± 9.2 to 62.5 ± 3.7 Ma. Mean track lengths are short to medium, suggesting complete thermal annealing of apatite crystals. Apatite single-grain eU concentration range from 4.5 to 96 μg/g and display a sparse correlation with AHe ages. Interpolation maps evidence a contrasting temperature evolution of the northern DFB and bordering cratons relative to the southern segment and surrounding cratons. Near-surface exposure of the basement in the northern segment was possibly much earlier than in the south, followed by partial burial by the sedimentary successions of the Paraná Basin. The emplacement of volcanic rocks of the Paraná-Etendeka Large Igneous Province and associated dyke swarms and alkaline volcanic plugs related to the Florianópolis Fracture Zone raised and sustained higher basement temperatures until 30 Ma, resetting low-temperature thermochronometers in the northern DFB, which was minor to absent in the southern DFB.

Engineering dislocation‐rich plastic zones in ceramics via room‐temperature scratching

AbstractIn this communication, we demonstrate a simple but powerful method to engineer dislocations into large plastic zones in various single‐crystal ceramic materials via room‐temperature scratching. By using a Brinell indenter with a diameter of 2.5 mm, we successfully produced plastic zones with a width and depth of ∼150 µm in a single scratch track, while the length of the scratch track can be arbitrarily long depending on the sample size. Increasing the number of repetitive scratching cycles increases the dislocation density up to ∼1013 m−2 without visible crack formation. The outlined experimental procedure is showcased on single‐crystal SrTiO3, MgO, ZnS, and CaF2 to demonstrate the general applicability of this technique. In light of the increasing research interest in dislocation‐tuned functional and mechanical properties in ceramics, our method will serve as a simple, fast, and robust technique to pave the road for scaling up the required large plastic zones for dislocation engineering in ceramics.

Reliability and validity of gait dynamic balance assessment in adult spinal deformity patients using a two-point trunk motion measuring device

BACKGROUND CONTEXTAdult spinal deformity (ASD) patients often complain of walking discomfort. However, dynamic balance evaluation methods of gait in ASD have not been well established. DESIGNCase series study. PURPOSECharacterize the gait of ASD patients using a novel two-point trunk motion measuring device. PATIENT SAMPLESixteen ASD patients scheduled for surgery and 16 healthy control subjects. OUTCOME MEASURESTrunk swing width and track length of the upper back and sacrum. METHODSGait analysis was performed using a two-point trunk motion measuring device on 16 ASD patients and 16 healthy control subjects. Three measurements were taken for each subject, and the coefficient of variation was determined to compare measurement accuracy between the ASD and control groups. Trunk swing width and track length were measured in three dimensions for comparisons between the groups. The relationship among output indices, sagittal spinal alignment parameters, and quality of life (QOL) questionnaire scores was examined as well. RESULTSNo significant difference was found for the precision of the device between the ASD and control groups. Compared with controls, the walking style of ASD patients tended to have larger right-left swing of the trunk (+14.0 cm and +23.3 cm at the sacrum and upper back, respectively), larger horizontal plane movement of the upper body (+36.4 cm), less vertical movement (-5.9 cm and -8.2 cm up-down swing at the sacrum and upper back, respectively), and longer gait cycle (+0.13 sec). Regarding QOL in ASD patients, greater right-left/front-back swing of the trunk, greater movement in the horizontal plane, and longer gait cycle were associated with lower QOL scores. Conversely, greater vertical movement was associated with higher QOL. CONCLUSIONSASD patients had unique gait characteristics, the intensity of which were associated with diminished QOL. The two-point trunk motion measuring device may be reliable and useful for the clinical assessment of balance during gait in ASD patients.

Abstract 2121: Saliva TCR repertoire as a tool for head and neck cancer immunophenotype monitoring

Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a global health problem. Successful immunotherapy in HNSCC is currently based on the ability to block the interaction of PD1 and PDL1 and abolish the inhibition of CD8+ T cells, thus enhancing the antitumor activity. T cells recognize peptide antigens in the context of MHC molecules through the clonally distributed T Cell receptor (TCR), which offers the means to detect and track specific T cells. We characterized TCR signatures in unique HNSCC paired samples (including L = Lymphocyte, S = Saliva, T = Tumor) to profile TCR repertoire diversity and clonality in different compartments. A total of 48 HNSCC samples corresponding to 14 patients (2 assayed 2X) were obtained from Johns Hopkins University. DNA samples were submitted for TCR sequencing (TCR-seq) via enrichment of the human TCRB locus using Human-TCRB-PD4bx. CDR3 sequences were downloaded from Adaptive ImmuneAnalyzer. For each sequence, V, D and J regions were extracted and translation to amino acid done on the CDR3 region. 8 paired (T, L, S) samples were submitted for shallow sequencing survey depth and 8 for deep assay depth. In order to better understand the TCR repertoire, we assessed the number of unique immune receptor clonotypes, their relative abundance, repertoire overlap, clonotype tracking and sequence length distribution. As expected, the deep assay revealed more clones than the survey. Using the TCR-seq deep assay, 9 out of 10 S samples harbored at least 10% of the number of clonotypes found in their paired T. As expected, L harbored a greater number and more diverse clones than T and S samples and showed partial overlap with T and S samples. Comparing the overlap between T, L and S based on a shared CDR3.aa repertoire: by shallow survey, 3/5 S samples had at least 1 overlap with the primary T. Using the deep assay, 9 out of 10 patients (90%) showed overlap between the S and paired T. We found top public clonotypes occupying the larger part in HPV negative samples, and surprisingly no known CDR3.aa sequences annotated to HPV in HPV positive samples but annotated to other common viruses (CMV, EBV). Our study demonstrates a robust TCR repertoire in S that corresponds at least partially to the clones observed in T and circulating L. The presence of HPV did not yet yield CDR3.aa specific sequences. Future single-cell transcriptomes may identify signatures of CD8+ and CD4+ neoantigen-reactive tumor-infiltrating L in the paired S samples in addition to the viral or tumor-associated antigens present in bulk assays. Our data need to be further validated in larger well characterized cohorts that include S from cancer-free subjects. These early results support the use of saliva as a potential surrogate for diagnostic immune-profiling of tumors, for early detection and follow-up. We further envision creating a personalized TCR repertoire for individual patients from an initial tumor sample biopsy to monitor their tumor immune dynamics using saliva. Citation Format: Dieila Giomo De Lima, Mariana Brait, Laura Palmieri, Fernando T. Zamuner, Esther Broner, Kellie N. Smith, Timothy Westlake, Or Malca, Sol Efroni, Ido Sloma, David Sidransky. Saliva TCR repertoire as a tool for head and neck cancer immunophenotype monitoring [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2121.

Artificial Potential Field Path Planning Algorithm in Differential Drive Mobile Robot Platform for Dynamic Environment

Mobile robots need path-planning abilities to achieve a collision-free trajectory. Obstacles between the robot and the goal position must be passed without crashing into them. The Artificial Potential Field (APF) algorithm is a method for robot path planning that is usually used to control the robot for avoiding obstacles in front of the robot. The APF algorithm consists of an attractive potential field and a repulsive potential field. The attractive potential fields work based on the predetermined goals that are generated to attract the robot to achieve the goal position. Apart from it, the obstacle generates a repulsive potential field to push the robot away from the obstacle. The robot's localization in producing the robot's position is generated by the differential drive kinematic equations of the mobile robot based on encoder and gyroscope data. In addition, the mapping of the robot's work environment is embedded in the robot's memory. According to the experiment's results, the mobile robot's differential drive can pass through existing obstacles. In this research, four test environments represent different obstacles in each environment. The track length is 1.5 meters. The robot's tolerance to the goal is 0.1 m, so when the robot is in the 1.41 m position, the robot's speed is 0 rpm. The safe distance between the robot and the obstacle is 0.2 m, so the robot will find a route to get away from the obstacle when the robot reaches that safe distance. The speed of the resulting robot decreases as the distance between the robot and the destination gets closer according to the differential drive kinematics equation of the mobile robot.

C1 anatomy and dimensions relative to pedicle screw placement

The recent C1 pedicle screw technique for upper cervical vertebral stabilization allows longer screws to be implanted by setting the screw entry point through the posterior arch of C1, which could provide better biomechanics. However, there is controversy regarding the placement of C1 pedicle screws at different angles. We retrospectively reviewed the computed tomography (CT) scans of 300 patients. The trajectories of medial inclination of 0°, 5°, 10°, and 15° and trajectory of the maximum medial inclination angle were designed for each C1 pedicle on CT images. Screw track length at each angle, the angle of maximum medial inclination, pedicle height, distance from the screw entry point to the midpoint of the C1 posterior tubercle, and screw perforation rate at each angle were measured. The average maximum inclination angle was 17.01°, the maximum inclination angle screw track length was 31.05 mm, and the distance from the screw entry point to the midpoint of the C1 posterior nodule was 21.65 mm. The screw perforation rate was 46.73% at 15° of medial inclination, but only 5.61% at 10°, and no screw perforation at 5°. 26.47% C1 pedicle height < 4 mm. There was no significant difference between the measured data on the left and right sides(P > 0.05), and the measurement of female patients was usually smaller and significantly different from that of male patients(p < 0.05). Our data indicate that a reasonable screw inclination angle of 10° and the safety zone of screw angle can provide safety and avoid screw perforation. However, personalized measurement before surgery is essential.

Large field-of-view short-wave infrared metalens for scanning fiber endoscopy.

The scanning fiber endoscope (SFE), an ultrasmall optical imaging device with a large field-of-view (FOV) for having a clear forward view into the interior of blood vessels, has great potential in the cardiovascular disease diagnosis and surgery assistance, which is one of the key applications for short-wave infrared biomedical imaging. The state-of-the-art SFE system uses a miniaturized refractive spherical lens doublet for beam projection. A metalens is a promising alternative that can be made much thinner and has fewer off-axis aberrations than its refractive counterpart. We demonstrate a transmissive metalens working at 1310nm for a forward viewing endoscope to achieve a shorter device length and better resolution at large field angles. We optimize the metalens of the SFE system using Zemax, fabricate it using e-beam lithography, characterize its optical performances, and compare them with the simulations. The SFE system has a resolution of at the center of field (imaging distance 15mm), an FOV of , and a depth-of-focus of , which are comparable with a state-of-the-art refractive lens SFE. The use of the metalens reduces the length of the optical track from 1.2 to 0.86mm. The resolution of our metalens-based SFE drops by less than a factor of 2 at the edge of the FOV, whereas the refractive lens counterpart has a times resolution degradation. These results show the promise of integrating a metalens into an endoscope for device minimization and optical performance improvement.

Investigating the Wear Behaviors of Silane Coated Silica Filled Glass/Epoxy Nanocomposites

Wear behaviors of silane coated silica (SiO2) nanoparticle-filled glass fiber reinforced polymer composites were investigated depending on the type of silane coating (KH550: -Aminopropyl-triethoxy-silane and KH570: -Methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxy-silane) and nanoparticle percentages within the polymer matrix. Unlike the cases given in most research studies, the silanized silica nanoparticles were used as received. Therefore, the synergistic effects of silanization and nanoparticle reinforcement were successfully applied since the silanization process was eliminated. The matrix modification with the nanoparticles was carried out using an ultrasound homogenizer, and then the modified matrix was reinforced with glass fibers. Scanned electron microscopy revealed the disperse ability of silanized silica nanoparticles within the glass/epoxy composites. The wear behaviors of the developed composites were investigated via a ball-on-disc tribology device. Wear track profiles were obtained depending on the width and depth of the wear. The length of wear track and wear mechanisms were determined by a stereomicroscope. The findings have shown that both types of silane coating and silica nanofiller percentages significantly affected the wear rate of the composite structures.

Simulation and data analysis of a fission time projection chamber based on Monte Carlo method

In this study, we use Monte Carlo method to conduct simulation research on a time projection chamber (TPC) which used for fission cross-section measurement. Based on Garfield, SRIM, COMSOL and other platforms and software, we explore the physical process during its actual operation, and analyze the simulation data. We carry out α particle track measurement experiments with U-235 ultra-thin target, and the measured results are in good agreement with the simulation results. This paper focuses on the simulation and reconstruction of particle tracks at different emission angles, and introduces the concept of ballistic deficit to correct the experimental measurement results. The corrected 2D distribution of particle track length and energy is closer to the theoretical model than the uncorrected distribution.

Application of Resistivity Geoelectric to Determine the Seawater Intrusion Zone in the Sungai Kakap District

The application of the resistivity geoelectric method has been carried out in a study to determine the seawater intrusion zone in Sungai Kakap District, Kuburaya Regency using the Wenner-Schlumberger configuration. This research used Automatic Resistivity System Multielectrode (ARES). The research was carried out by arranging the 5 tracks. The first, second, fourth and fifth tracks have a track length of 117 m. While the third track has a track length of 93 m. The distance between the electrodes is 3 m. The results showed that seawater intrusion that occurred in each track had resistivity value range between 0.2 Ωm to 2.77 Ωm. Seawater intrusion found in layers with sand material. Keyword : sea water intrusion, geoelectrical, resistivity, Wenner-Schlumberger