Track Files Research Articles

Optimization of the geometry of the glider wing taking into account statistical data

The article presents a synthesis of an optimization algorithm for an aerodynamic characteristics of a sailplane in preliminary design phase aimed at increasing average cross-country speed. The flight data of SZD-48-3 standard class FAI glider was collected and analyzed from weglide.org portal as a flight track files, saved in igc format. The general structure of an atmosphere was analyzed during cross-country flight basing on collected statistics. New integral criterion for the target function has been presented for usage in optimization routine loop. The criterion permits a reduction of multicriterial optimization problem to united parameter.
 Genetic Optimization algorithm has been selected as a main optimization tool due to its ability to find global optimum of an unsmooth multidimensional target function and robustness in general. The parametrization scheme with minimal number of parameters has been presented for a wing with a complex planform. The Lifting-Line Theory and XFOIL solver implemented as a mathematical model of an aerodynamic characteristics of the wing. As a result, prospective ways for consecutive development have been revealed. In particular, application of synthesized optimization algorithm towards any other classes of aerial vehicle and introduction of airfoil to wing parameterization.

CORRELATIONS OF GPS-BASED COMMUNITY MOBILITY METRICS BETWEEN PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA AND FAMILY CAREGIVERS

Abstract Currently, the majority of dementia care is provided at home by informal caregivers. Most informal caregivers share a routine with their loved ones and change their activity patterns to adapt to a new routine of persons with dementia (PWDs). Given the dementia caregiving context, caregivers’ mobility behaviors and PWDs’ mobility may be positively associated. This study aimed to characterize patterns of GPS-derived community mobility in dementia dyads and examine relationships between PWDs’ and caregivers’ mobility patterns. Six dyads wore a GPS data logger inside and outside the home for 8-11 days. Twelve participants generated valid GPS track files (N=110). Four temporal and spatial mobility metrics were derived from GPS data (total distance, time use, median speed, and convex hull area). Then we calculated Pearson correlation coefficients between PWDs and their caregivers over all tracks. All dyads made active out-of-home trips, indicated by mean daily distance (range: 6,198 - 115,592m for PWDs; 5,125 - 108,857m for caregivers). Median speed of movement ranged from 0.09 to 1.29 km/hour for PWDs, and from 0.21 to 0.97 km/hour for caregivers. The mean size of convex hull over the monitoring period indicates a limited space usage level in both PWDs and caregivers, meaning restricted community mobility despite relatively large distance trips. The correlation coefficient was positive and significant for each metric (r = 0.70-0.97, p < .001). These results suggest substantial agreement in the mobility metrics between PWD and their caregivers, indicating a high level of dyadic effects of a partner’s experience of community mobility.

Pollution Measurement in Bittorent

Since the invent of Napster an earlier version of peer–topeer [P2P] network , P2P has emerged as the most significant technique for sharing content across the network[1].The traffic volume exchanged among the peers and the number of member peers in a P2P network has risen to a significant level .The reason for this significant rise is a absence of a centralized authority and distributed nature of the network .However, these reasons for significant rise of P2P network also makes the P2P networks vulnerable to various pollution attacks such as denial of service attack, content poisoning, collusion sybil etc. Liang et. al [2] has discussed pollution attacks in the Fast Track file sharing network. This network has also been used for distributing copy-righted material illegally, and their legal owners thought that their assets are distributed illegally through P2P network. Since the file distribution through P2P network is very fast, the producers/developers of multimedia data like music, films, television etc are much concerned with the apprehension that their assets are distributed illegally through P2P network. For controlling the illegal distribution of their assets, they fought legal battles in courts, but could not succeed in it .Then they employed the same P2P network, using P2P pollution attack, to stop the illegal distribution of their data files. In this paper, an evaluation is done to measure the damage to the BitTorrent distributing pirated files under certain pollution attacks, specifically Index poisoning and Uncooperative peer attacks, and to assess whether this strategy is successful..

A Method of Introducing CAD to ePLC for Motion Control

This paper proposed an innovative method of introducing CAD technology to ePLC. Which allow us design the motion control path and generate the language-specific track file (HPGL instruction file in this paper) using CAD software, and then ePLC parses and executes the track file to complete the motion control. Application of this method will greatly enhance the flexibility of PLC-based motion control system and extend its application range. The feasibility of the design has been verified in the control of Cartesian robot. It can be widely applied to motion control system designed with CAD software.

Demography-adjusted tests of neutrality based on genome-wide SNP data

Tests of the neutral evolution hypothesis are usually built on the standard null model which assumes that mutations are neutral and the population size remains constant over time. However, it is unclear how such tests are affected if the last assumption is dropped. Here, we extend the unifying framework for tests based on the site frequency spectrum, introduced by Achaz and Ferretti, to populations of varying size. Key ingredients are the first two moments of the site frequency spectrum. We show how these moments can be computed analytically if a population has experienced two instantaneous size changes in the past. We apply our method to data from ten human populations gathered in the 1000 genomes project, estimate their demographies and define demography-adjusted versions of Tajima’s D, Fay & Wu’s H, and Zeng’s E. Our results show that demography-adjusted test statistics facilitate the direct comparison between populations and that most of the differences among populations seen in the original unadjusted tests can be explained by their underlying demographies. Upon carrying out whole-genome screens for deviations from neutrality, we identify candidate regions of recent positive selection. We provide track files with values of the adjusted and unadjusted tests for upload to the UCSC genome browser.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PELAYANAN DAFTAR USULAN PENETAPAN ANGKA KREDIT SECARA ONLINE BERBASIS WEBSITE DIREKTORAT JENDERAL PELAYANAN KESEHATAN KEMENTERIAN KESEHATAN

Development of a service information system on the list of proposals for determining credit points online based on a website . Service information system list of credit score determination proposals (Simpadu) is a system used to track or monitor DUPAK file management (list of credit score determination proposals) health functional positions at the Directorate General of Health Services conducted through the Integrated Services Unit (ULT) and this is strengthened with the DUPAK Circular Letter dated 4 - May - 2015, in the context of improving the quality of service and orderly administration in the process of Determining Functional Credit Score in the Health sector. This research is a type of Applied Research. The information system development method uses the Prototype model. The method of data collection is done by observation, data sampling, literature study, and interviews. The method used in analyzing and designing a system is the Object Oriented Analysis and Design method using Unified Modeling Language (UML). The results of this research are in the form of software in the form of website Information Systems list service of determining credit numbers that can serve to provide information on the management of DUPAK files. Keywords: Information Systems service list of proposals for determining credit points, DUPAK, Prototype, Object-Oriented Analysis and Design .

UCNEbase—a database of ultraconserved non-coding elements and genomic regulatory blocks

UCNEbase (http://ccg.vital-it.ch/UCNEbase) is a free, web-accessible information resource on the evolution and genomic organization of ultra-conserved non-coding elements (UCNEs). It currently covers 4351 such elements in 18 different species. The majority of UCNEs are supposed to be transcriptional regulators of key developmental genes. As most of them occur as clusters near potential target genes, the database is organized along two hierarchical levels: individual UCNEs and ultra-conserved genomic regulatory blocks (UGRBs). UCNEbase introduces a coherent nomenclature for UCNEs reflecting their respective associations with likely target genes. Orthologous and paralogous UCNEs share components of their names and are systematically cross-linked. Detailed synteny maps between the human and other genomes are provided for all UGRBs. UCNEbase is managed by a relational database system and can be accessed by a variety of web-based query pages. As it relies on the UCSC genome browser as visualization platform, a large part of its data content is also available as browser viewable custom track files. UCNEbase is potentially useful to any computational, experimental or evolutionary biologist interested in conserved non-coding DNA elements in vertebrates.

HD-CNV: hotspot detector for copy number variants

Copy number variants (CNVs) are a major source of genetic variation. Comparing CNVs between samples is important in elucidating their potential effects in a wide variety of biological contexts. HD-CNV (hotspot detector for copy number variants) is a tool for downstream analysis of previously identified CNV regions from multiple samples, and it detects recurrent regions by finding cliques in an interval graph generated from the input. It creates a unique graphical representation of the data, as well as summary spreadsheets and UCSC (University of California, Santa Cruz) Genome Browser track files. The interval graph, when viewed with other software or by automated graph analysis, is useful in identifying genomic regions of interest for further study. HD-CNV is an open source Java code and is freely available, with tutorials and sample data from http://daleylab.org. jcamer7@uwo.ca

Selection and Budding Propagation of Native Bigtooth Maple for Water-conserving Landscapes

The potential of bigtooth maple (Acer grandidentatum) as a small, water-conserving landscape tree for the western United States is limited by the selection of superior accessions from a morphologically diverse gene pool and the ability to propagate wild plants in a nursery environment. Superior accessions were selected based primarily on red fall color. Aerial digital images taken during peak fall color in 2007 and 2008 were synchronized with flight global positioning system (GPS) track files using digital image editor software and visually compared with corresponding satellite images to determine the exact latitude and longitude of selected trees on the ground. Trees were physically located using GPS technology then visually evaluated for initial selection. Criteria included fall color, habitat, relative disease and insect resistance, bud quality, and plant form. From 56 observed trees of interest, six were selected for propagation. Through time-course experiments using multistemmed, bigtooth maple seedling rootstocks in a coppiced stoolbed, the optimum time for chip budding scions of wild accessions in northern Utah was determined to be July through mid-August. Further evaluation of accessions for use in the landscape industry is required.

Probabilistic discrimination between large-scale environments of intensifying and decaying African Easterly Waves

About 50–60% of Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) including nearly 85% of intense hurricanes have their origins as African Easterly Waves (AEWs). However, predicting the likelihood of AEW intensification remains a difficult task. We have developed a Bayesian diagnostic methodology to understand genesis of North Atlantic TCs spawned by AEWs through the examination of the characteristics of the AEW itself together with the large-scale environment, resulting in a probabilistic discrimination between large-scale environments associated with intensifying and decaying AEWs. The methodology is based on a new objective and automatic AEW tracking scheme used for the period 1980 to 2001 based on spatio-temporally Fourier-filtered relative vorticity and meridional winds at different levels and outgoing long wave radiation. Using the AEW and Hurricane Best Track Files (HURDAT) data sets, probability density functions of environmental variables that discriminate between AEWs that decay, become TCs or become major hurricanes are determined. Results indicate that the initial amplitude of the AEWs is a major determinant for TC genesis, and that TC genesis risk increases when the wave enters an environment characterized by pre-existing large-scale convergence and moist convection. For the prediction of genesis, the most useful variables are column integrated heating, vertical velocity and specific humidity, and a combined form of divergence and vertical velocity and SST. It is also found that the state of the large-scale environment modulates the annual cycle and interannual variability of the AEW intensification efficiency.

FindPeaks 3.1: a tool for identifying areas of enrichment from massively parallel short-read sequencing technology

Summary: Next-generation sequencing can provide insight into protein–DNA association events on a genome-wide scale, and is being applied in an increasing number of applications in genomics and meta-genomics research. However, few software applications are available for interpreting these experiments. We present here an efficient application for use with chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP-Seq) experimental data that includes novel functionality for identifying areas of gene enrichment and transcription factor binding site locations, as well as for estimating DNA fragment size distributions in enriched areas. The FindPeaks application can generate UCSC compatible custom ‘WIG’ track files from aligned-read files for short-read sequencing technology. The software application can be executed on any platform capable of running a Java Runtime Environment. Memory requirements are proportional to the number of sequencing reads analyzed; typically 4 GB permits processing of up to 40 million reads.Availability: The FindPeaks 3.1 package and manual, containing algorithm descriptions, usage instructions and examples, are available at http://www.bcgsc.ca/platform/bioinfo/software/findpeaks Source files for FindPeaks 3.1 are available for academic use.Contact: afejes@bcgsc.ca

Bisulfite sequencing Data Presentation and Compilation (BDPC) web server – a useful tool for DNA methylation analysis

During bisulfite genomic sequencing projects large amount of data are generated. The Bisulfite sequencing Data Presentation and Compilation (BDPC) web interface (http://biochem.jacobs-university.de/BDPC/) automatically analyzes bisulfite datasets prepared using the BiQ Analyzer. BDPC provides the following output: (i) MS-Excel compatible files compiling for each PCR product (a) the average methylation level, the number of clones analyzed and the percentage of CG sites analyzed (which is an indicator of data quality), (b) the methylation level observed at each CG site and (c) the methylation level of each clone. (ii) A methylation overview table compiling the methylation of all amplicons in all tissues. (iii) Publication grade figures in PNG format showing the methylation pattern for each PCR product embedded in an HMTL file summarizing the methylation data, the DNA sequence and some basic statistics. (iv) A summary file compiling the methylation pattern of different tissues, which is linked to the individual HTML result files, and can be directly used for presentation of the data in the internet. (v) A condensed file, containing all primary data in simplified format for further downstream data analysis and (vi) a custom track file for display of the results in the UCSC genome browser.

Bisulfite sequencing Data Presentation and Compilation (BDPC) web server--a useful tool for DNA methylation analysis

During bisulfite genomic sequencing projects large amount of data are generated. The Bisulfite sequencing Data Presentation and Compilation (BDPC) web interface (http://biochem.jacobs-university.de/BDPC/) automatically analyzes bisulfite datasets prepared using the BiQ Analyzer. BDPC provides the following output: (i) MS-Excel compatible files compiling for each PCR product (a) the average methylation level, the number of clones analyzed and the percentage of CG sites analyzed (which is an indicator of data quality), (b) the methylation level observed at each CG site and (c) the methylation level of each clone. (ii) A methylation overview table compiling the methylation of all amplicons in all tissues. (iii) Publication grade figures in PNG format showing the methylation pattern for each PCR product embedded in an HMTL file summarizing the methylation data, the DNA sequence and some basic statistics. (iv) A summary file compiling the methylation pattern of different tissues, which is linked to the individual HTML result files, and can be directly used for presentation of the data in the internet. (v) A condensed file, containing all primary data in simplified format for further downstream data analysis and (vi) a custom track file for display of the results in the UCSC genome browser.

System and method of creating digital recordings of live performances

In one embodiment, the present invention provides an event recording system that has an event-capture module, an editing module, and a media recording module. The event-capture module captures an event signal, such as an audio signal from a sound event, and transforms the signal into a primary event file that is accessible as it is being formed. The editing module is communicatively connected to the event capture module. It accesses and parses the primary event file into one or more digital track files that can be recorded onto a recording media. Likewise, the media recording module is communicatively linked to the editing module for receiving the one or more digital track files from the editing module. The media recording module has a plurality of media recorders for simultaneously recording the one or more digital track files onto a plurality of recording media. This allows a plurality of recording media, with the entire event recorded upon each media, to be available shortly after the event has ended.

STFS

This paper presents a novel high performance file system: Same Track File System (STFS) based on the researches of the character of modern disk drive. This paper firstly analyses the non-linear seek latency character of modern disk drive, and then indicates the drawback of FFS due to small writes. Then, this paper describes a novel disk layout of STFS: putting the meta-data and data into the same track. This disk layout of STFS can effectively depress the seek overhead of small writes and greatly improve file system throughput. The experiments of this paper show that STFS is a high performance file system.

Performance comparison of contact-level and track-level sensor fusion architectures

The results of a quantitative comparison of two architectural options in developing a multisensor data fusion system are presented. One option is the contact-level or centralized architecture: a single track file is maintained and updated using raw sensor measurements. The second option is the autonomous or track-level sensor fusion architec- ture: each sensor maintains its own track file. The sensor tracks are then transmitted to a central processor responsible for fusing this data to form a master track file. The emphasis for this study is given to measuring the quality of the fused product and the bandwidth of the communications required between the sensors and the fusion center. The evaluation is conducted with the Concept Analysis and Simulation Environment for Automatic Target Tracking and Identification testbed. This testbed pro- vides the algorithm-level test and replacement capability required to con- duct this kind of performance study. © 1998 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumen- tation Engineers. (S0091-3286(98)00202-5)

A new computer-automated microscope stage system for fission-track analysis

A new Macintosh TM-controlled microscope stage and digitizing tablet system has been developed that automates external detector method grain-to-mica matching, track length measurement, slide scanning, object centering, and file management within a single, well-integrated, user-friendly program environment. The system is based on a high-quality Kinetek TM aumated sanning stage that has found wide use in the microelectronics industry. A unique feature of the system is use of the digitizing tablet cursor to control most stage actions, resulting in a very intuitive and natural mode of operation, and faster and less tedious analysis of samples than with other automated systems.

Local and remote track file registration using minimum description length

A blue force platform (own-ship) contains a sensor suite from which a local track file is developed. In addition, using uplinked information from other blue sensors, own-ship develops a remote track file that represents red forces tracked by blue. To determine if own-ship has been inadvertently targeted by friendly forces, it requires the probability that it is in the remote track file and an estimate of the grid reference. The likelihood function for the local and remote tracks conditioned on the actual object trajectories, grid reference, number of objects and the association between objects and tracks is derived. The situation in which the likelihood is maximized when all tracks correspond to distinct objects is avoided by using the minimum description length (MDL) principle, which includes a term that penalizes an overparameterization of the model. Using MDL, an algorithm is presented for estimating the grid reference and for computing the probability that own-ship is tracked by blue forces. A Monte Carlo performance analysis of the algorithm is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

A neural approach to the assignment algorithm for multiple-target tracking

A neural network is presented for performing data association for multiple-target tracking on an optimal assignment basis, i.e., the sum of likelihood functions of measurement-to-track file associations is optimized. The likelihoods are shown to be derivable from a Kalman filter, which updates and maintains the track files from the measurements assigned by the neural network. Not only are measurements assigned to track files on an optimal basis, but undetected targets and unassigned measurements are identified also. A multiple-target tracking system utilizing the neural network, in conjunction with Kalman filtering, can also automatically delete and initiate track files. The solution to the data association problem, and therefore the design of the neural network, is based on the minimization of a properly defined energy function. Computer simulations indicate the ability of the neural network to converge quickly to the optimal hypothesis under various conditions, provided that the ambiguity in the scenario is not extreme. The computational complexity involved is moderate.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Expert Systems in the Fighter of the 1990s

In the Advanced Tactical Fighter (ATF) to be deployed in the 1990s, the role of expert systems will enhance mission success. This paper discusses the utilization of two expert systems for handling multisensor data fusion and situation assessment. In multisensor data fusion, each sensor operates over a different region of the surveillance volume asynchronously and provides different measurements. In some instances, more than one sensor may yield the same measurement but with a different measurement accuracy. In this regard, the paper describes, in layman's terms, a system block diagram for processing the autonomous sensor track files and the possible need for a ``smart'' fusion processor. This expert system is shown to manage the sensor outputs in both the temporal and spatial domains to maximize target identification confidence as well as kinematic state vector accuracy. The paper delineates the features needed by the fusion expert in order to assign a quality factor to each composite track file entry. A second expert system uses the output from fusion and other mission-related data to formulate the best picture of the surveillance volume at hand. This second expert system will show how historical data and real-time sensor data are merged for purposes of display parameters to the pilot, weapon cueing, countermeasures response management, and feedback to the fusion expert processor for individual sensor communication and data collection direction. The paper concludes with a tabular summary of the subprocesses of which these two expert systems may consist.