Trace Element Content In Tissues Research Articles

Comparison of Bone Tissue Trace Element Content in the Different Radiological Stages of Hip Osteoarthritis.

Bone metabolism and the trace element content associated with it change at each stage of degenerative disease. The aim of this study was to find out about the role of the analyzed elements in different stages of hip osteoarthritis. Elements associated with oxidative and enzymatic processes were analyzed depending on the changes in the radiological images of the hip joint. Element content analysis was performed by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analytical technique. The femoral head in severely osteoarthritic hips (KL3–4) compared to mild grade osteoarthritis (KL2) had a greater content of Cu (median 1.04 vs. 0.04), Sr (median 38.71 vs. 29.59), and Zn (median 75.12 vs. 63.21). There were no significant differences in the content of Mo, Cr, and Fe in the femoral head and neck between the groups. The Cu/Fe correlation was negative in the KL2 group (−0.47) and positive in the KL3–4 groups (0.45). Changes in the content and correlation of trace elements in the hip joint explain the changes in metabolism dependent on the severity of degenerative changes.

Trace element content in tissues of sockeye salmon from several waterbodies of the Kamchatka Peninsula

The results of the study of macro- (Ca, Mg) and micro- (Mn, Zn, Cu, Fe) elements content in the pectoral fin tissue of adult sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka from the rivers Bolshaya and Kamchatka as well as from Azabachye Lake (Kamchatka Peninsula) are presented. The significant differences in the contents in samples from the three waterbodies were found. It was ascertained that the largest ash proportion (and the mass fraction of trace elements) in dry matter contained in the tissues of sockeye salmon from Kamchatka River, the smallest in the sample of Azabachye Lake. The Ca content was 98 % of the ash mass in all samples; Mg accounted for slightly less than 2 %. The proportion of the remaining elements varied within 0.1 %, and exactly in this range the differences in the microelement composition between the samples were revealed. In sockeye salmon tissues from the Kamchatka River, the content of heavy metals as well as Ca and Mg was higher than in other samples, and their percentage ratio considerably differed from the others. Obviously, the water bodies studied sufficiently distinguish in hydrochemical indices, and that is the cause of differences in bioaccumulation intensities of trace elements in fish tissues at the freshwater life stage.

Early High-Fat Feeding Induces Alteration of Trace Element Content in Tissues of Juvenile Male Wistar Rats.

The primary objective of the current study was to assess the influence of early high-fat feeding on tissue trace element content in young male Wistar rats. Twenty weanling male Wistar rats were divided into two groups fed standard (STD) or high-fat diet (HFD) containing 10 and 31.6% of total calories from fat, respectively, for 1month. Serum lipid spectrum, apolipoproteins, glucose, insulin, adiponectin, and leptin levels were assessed. The level of trace elements was estimated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. High-fat feeding significantly increased epidydimal (EDAT) and retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RPAT), as well as total adipose tissue mass by 34, 103, and 59%, respectively. Serum leptin levels in HFD animals were twofold higher than those in the control rats. No significant difference in serum lipid spectrum, apolipoproteins, glucose, adiponectin, and insulin was detected between the groups. HFD significantly altered tissue trace element content. In particular, HFD-fed animals were characterized by significantly lower levels of Cu, I, Mn, Se, and Zn in the liver; Cr, V, Co, Cu, Fe, and I content of EDAT; Co, Cu, I, Cr, V, Fe, and Zn concentration in RPAT samples. At the same time, only serum Cu was significantly depressed in HFD-fed animals as compared to the control ones. Hair Co, Mn, Si, and V levels were significantly increased in comparison to the control values, whereas Se and I content was decreased. HFD feeding induced excessive adiposity and altered tissue trace element content in rats without insulin resistance, adiponectin deficiency, and proatherogenic state. Hypothetically, trace element disbalance may precede obesity-associated metabolic disturbances.

Alteration of local adipose tissue trace element homeostasis as a possible mechanism of obesity-related insulin resistance

The mechanisms of association between obesity and the related metabolic disturbances in general and insulin resistance in particular are extensively studied. Taking into account a key role of adipose tissue insulin resistance in the development of systemic obesity-related insulin resistance, the estimation of mechanisms linking increased adiposity and impaired insulin signaling in adipocytes will allow to develop novel prophylactic and therapeutic approaches to treatment of these states. A number of trace elements like chromium, zinc, and vanadium have been shown to take part in insulin signaling via various mechanisms. Taking into account a key role of adipocyte in systemic carbohydrate homeostasis it can be asked if trace element homeostasis in adipose tissue may influence regulatory mechanisms of glucose metabolism. We hypothesize that caloric excess through currently unknown mechanisms results in decreased chromium, vanadium, and zinc content in adipocytes. Decreased content of trace elements in the adipose tissue causes impairment of intra-adipocyte insulin signaling subsequently leading to adipose tissue insulin resistance. The latter significantly contributes to systemic insulin resistance and further metabolic disruption in obesity. It is also possible that decreased adipose tissue trace element content is associated with dysregulation of insulin-sensitizing and proinflammatory adipokines also leading to insulin resistance. We hypothesize that insulin resistance and adipokine dysbalance increase the severity of obesity subsequently aggravating alteration of adipose tissue trace element balance. Single indications of high relative adipose tissue trace element content, decreased Cr, V, and Zn content in obese adipose tissue, and tight association between fat tissue chromium, vanadium, and zinc levels and metabolic parameters in obesity may be useful for hypothesis validation. If our hypothesis will be confirmed by later studies, adipose tissue chromium, vanadium, and zinc content may be used as a prognostic biomarker of metabolic disturbances in obesity. Hypothetically, development and approbation of drugs increasing adipose tissue chromium, vanadium, and zinc content may help to achieve better metabolic control in obesity and obesity-related insulin resistance. However, stronger basis is required to prove our hypothesis. In particular, future studies should investigate the influence of obesity severity of adipose tissue trace element content, estimate the association between adipose tissue metals and metabolic parameters, and highlight the mechanisms involved in these changes. Both in vivo and in vitro studies are required to support the hypothesis.

Long-term Zinc and Iron Supplementation in Children of Short Stature: Effect of Growth and on Trace Element Content in Tissues

We evaluated the effect of one year of supplementation with iron plus zinc (12 mg/day of Fe+++ and 12.5 mg/day of Zn++), zinc alone (12.5 mg/day of Zn++) and placebo on growth and on the iron, zinc, copper and selenium tissue contents in 30 well-selected children of short stature (16 M and 14 F; 4-11 years old). Before and after supplementation, we measured the concentrations of iron, transferrin, ferritin, zinc and copper in serum, of zinc in erythrocytes and leukocytes, and of zinc, copper and selenium in hair, as well as glutathione peroxidase activity in erythrocytes. Before supplementation, ferritin and serum, erythrocyte and hair zinc contents were significantly lower than in age-matched controls, while the other measured indices were in the normal range. Iron plus zinc supplementation caused an improvement in growth rate in all subjects, i.e., the median Z-score increased from -2.22 +/- 0.45 to -0.64 +/- 0.55; (p < 0.01). In the zinc-supplemented group, only the subjects whose ferritin levels were higher than 20 ng/L before supplementation showed a similar improvement of growth rate. Iron plus zinc supplementation could be a reasonable treatment in short, prepubertal children affected by marginal zinc and iron deficiency.

Biochemical and physiological indicators of mineral status in animals: copper, cobalt and zinc.

The value of estimates of trace element requirements or of data on tissue trace element content for identifying and controlling trace element-related disorders is often limited by inadequate data on the relationships of such criteria to physiological performance. Investigations of metabolic events initiating early pathological responses to deficiency are beginning to suggest more effective indicators of physiologically relevant abnormalities in trace element intake or status. Progress in studies of metabolic responses to deficiencies of copper, cobalt and zinc is reviewed.

Trace elements in animals.

Trace element deficiency and toxicity in animals induces a wide variety of clinical effects although few are sufficiently specific to permit diagnosis without supporting investigation of changes in tissue trace element content or of the activity of metabolic processes influenced by trace element supply. Study of such trace element dependent processes has shown that extensive changes often arise before overt signs of disease appear. Some of these subclinical effects have pathological consequences and thus cannot be ignored when seeking correlations between geochemical anomalies and disease incidence. Many past estimates of the quantitative requirements of animals for the essential trace elements are imprecise. Although recent work is providing clearer definition of requirements, many common dietary components have a marked influence upon the efficiency with which such elements can be utilized from the diet. Recent evidence indicates that such antagonists influence both the absorption and the subsequent fate of essential and toxic elements in body tissues and these processes have to be taken into account when investigating the aetiology of disorders believed to be attributable to anomalies in trace element supply. Their existence is not always detectable if attention is confined to the trace element analysis of body tissues or to the nature of clinical lesions. Provided the complexity of soil-plant-animal relations with respect to trace element supply is fully recognized in the interpretation of data, the geochemical approach to the initial recognition of areas associated with a high risk of anomalies in trace element supply to animals and man has considerable potential value. This is already apparent from investigations upon the incidence of trace element problems in animals. As yet, its validity for similar purposes in man is less fully established.

Trace element content of tissues in cirrhosis and hemodialysis

Trace element content of tissues in cirrhosis and hemodialysis

Trace element content of tissues in cirrhosis and hemodialysis

Trace element content of tissues in cirrhosis and hemodialysis