Tourism Performance Research Articles

The tourism performance of spa destinations during crises in Central and Eastern Europe: An adjusted RCA index

Tourism is affected by natural and man-made disasters, such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war. The impacts of these on tourism have been analysed at national and regional levels, and at the level of individual destinations. However, the impacts on spa towns near the Ukrainian border are much less researched. The paper focuses on seven Hungarian spa destinations, one spa destination in Romania, and one in Slovakia to analyse the changes in their revealed comparative advantages between 2017 and 2023, covering the years of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian-Ukrainian war outbreak. The index of revealed comparative advantage was modified to make it applicable at town level in tourism, comparing destinations of various sizes and types. Findings show that the large, internationally focused destinations lost their comparative advantage during the pandemic, while smaller spa towns, orientated towards domestic tourism, benefited from the border lockdowns. The war outbreak led to considerable losses of comparative advantage in the spa destinations, while their countries and capital cities could increase their comparative advantages. Despite the crises, the competitiveness of spa resorts was better than the European Union average, though their countries remained less competitive than the EU.

Influence of Strategic Human Capital Development on the Performance of Tourism Organizations in Tanzania

Purpose: The study aimed to determine the influence of strategic human capital development on the performance of tourism organizations in Tanzania. Methodology: The study employed cross-sectional survey design to achieve the objective. The target population of this study included private and public tourism-related organizations with their umbrella organizations such as Government boards, Authorities, and Associations. A total number of registered and licensed tourism organizations that had more than 10 years was 1005. The researcher sampled 280 respondents from 140 organizations that included all categories established in this study. Data was collected using both primary and secondary procedures which were analyzed by statistical tools aided by the SPSS program. Reliability of the questions was done by use of Cronbach’s alpha where the adequate threshold was considered. A normality test was done for dependent variable to aid subsequent analysis. Factor analysis was also done to reduce the qualitative data to a meaningful size. Logit model analysis was used to understand the relationship between the independent variables and dependent variables. Results: Logistic regression model was statistically significant, χ2(1) = .747, p < .05. Results revealed that strategic human capital plays a sensitive role in influencing the tourism performance in organizations. Conclusion: The study concluded that human capital plays a contributory role in the performance of tourism in the country. It was expected that strategic human capital will play a unique role in growth of revenue in the organization hence return on investment is realized. Therefore, the results marked a strong relationship that exists between strategic human capital and the performance of tourism in Tanzania.

An Analysis of the Relationship Linking Immersive Tourism Experiencescape and Emotional Experience to Tourists’ Behavioral Intentions

The sustainable development of tourism is a critical issue, and immersive tourism has emerged as a key market trend that significantly contributes to this goal. Experiencescape, a vital component of immersive tourism, plays a crucial role in shaping tourists’ experience and promoting sustainability within the tourism industry. Taking Chang’an Twelve Hours Theme Block as the research object, this paper investigates the composition and impact of immersive tourism experiencescape by utilizing grounded theory and hierarchical regression analysis on data derived from online reviews and tourist surveys. The findings reveal that immersive tourism experiencescape is divided into two main categories: physical and interpersonal. The physical experiencescape consists of three dimensions: functional facilities, thematic atmosphere, and basic environment. The interpersonal experiencescape, on the other hand, includes tourism performances, host-guest interaction, and personal service. The study demonstrates that immersive tourism experiencescape exerts a significant positive influence on tourists’ behavioral intentions, with emotional experience serving as a partial mediator in this relationship. These insights offer valuable theoretical and practical implications. They provide a perspective for enhancing the sustainability of tourism by improving the quality of immersive experiences.

The Motivation of managers and their influence on the performance of tourism

The Motivation of managers and their influence on the performance of tourism

Entrepreneurial Orientation and MSME’s Tourism Performance: The Mediating Role of Social Media Capability

Entrepreneurial Orientation and MSME’s Tourism Performance: The Mediating Role of Social Media Capability

Medical Tourism Attribute Competitiveness: An Importance–Performance Analysis

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyze the performance of medical tourism in Iran using importance–performance analysis (IPA). In this cross‐sectional study, five hundred ninety‐six medical tourists from West Asian countries (Iraq, Azerbaijan, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman, Syria, Lebanon, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen) referring to health centers to receive medical services in Iran in 2020 were recruited. A standard IPA questionnaire was used for data collection. IP gaps were negative in all three attributes (medical treatments and service attributes, destination attributes, and tourism‐specific attributes). Respondents attached the highest importance to medical treatments and service attributes. The highest IP gap was related to medical treatments and service attributes. The results highlighted that the Iranian tourism industry is not performing well in many areas. Tourism managers and stakeholders should adopt useful strategies for improving those areas with high importance and low performance.

How does digital infrastructure construction affect tourism development? Evidence from Chinese cities

ABSTRACT Existing literature mainly examined the effect of transportation infrastructure on tourism development. However, there has been less discussion about the tourism performance of digital infrastructure. Using multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) methodology and introducing the technology-organisation-environmental (TOE) framework, this paper addresses the effect of digital infrastructure construction (DIC) on tourism development and explores its influencing pathways. Using panel data from 282 Chinese cities from 2011-2019, the paper applies the ‘Broadband China’ pilot (BCP) policy as a credible proxy for DIC. The results suggest that DIC remarkably improves tourism development. Heterogeneous effects reveal that improvement is more pronounced in central & western and small-sized cities. Notably, strengthening internet development, optimising tourism factor structure, and promoting digital finance are effective pathways for DIC to facilitate tourism development. This paper offers policy guidance for the establishment of digital China and the high-quality development of tourism.

Tourism law, labor supply and corporate performance in tourism listed firms

Enhancing the regulatory environment and enhancing the level of provision is a crucial approach to achieving sustainable growth in the tourism economy. This paper employs a DID model to analyze the effects of legal institution development on the performance of tourism firms. Specifically, it focuses on the Tourism Law of the People's Republic of China as a quasi-natural experiment. The study utilizes listed tourism firms from 2011-2021 as the research sample. The finding reveals that implementing tourism law can promote firms' financial and non-financial performance, especially non-financial performance. This impact operates mainly through the positive effect of labor supply.

Exploring the Role of Destination Resilience Plans in Promoting Tourism: A Literature Review

The study investigates the critical importance of destination resilience in enhancing tourism, particularly in the wake of challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary aim of the research is to analyze how effective governance, stakeholder engagement, resource management, and risk assessment contribute to the resilience of tourist destinations and micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). To achieve this, the study employs a comprehensive literature review methodology, synthesizing existing research on destination resilience strategies and their implications for tourism promotion. The findings reveal that destination resilience plans significantly impact tourism performance, stakeholder participation, and sustainable development. Additionally, the study highlights the necessity of integrating innovative practices and technology to bolster the resilience of tourism sectors. In conclusion, this research provides valuable insights for destination management organizations, policymakers, and industry researchers, emphasizing the need for strategic planning and collaboration to foster long-term sustainability and resilience in tourism. The study serves as a foundation for future investigations and policy-making in the realm of sustainable tourism, addressing existing gaps in the literature and offering practical recommendations for enhancing destination resilience.

Evaluation of tourism performance of OECD countries with integrated intuitionistic fuzzy approaches

ABSTRACT Evaluating a country’s tourism performance using different indicators and analysis methods is an important issue in strategic decision-making. In this regard, the main purpose of the study is to examine the tourism performances of OECD countries through macro tourism variables. In the research, data from 25 OECD countries for the period 2011–2020 were analysed in two periods. The intuitionistic fuzzy Entropy (IFEntropy) method was used to weigh the importance levels of the evaluation criteria. In evaluating the tourism performances, the extended intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS (EIFTOPSIS) and intuitionistic fuzzy CRADIS (IFCRADIS) methods were preferred. In addition, to look at the research from a different perspective, the tourism productivity of the sample countries was measured by data envelopment analysis. According to the results of the intuitionistic methods used, the 3 countries with the best tourism performance were determined as Spain, France, and Italy, respectively, and the 3 countries with the lowest performance scores were determined as Lithuania, Latvia, and Slovakia, respectively. It is understood from the results of data envelopment analysis that countries with high tourism performance cannot show the same success in the efficient use of macro tourism resources. The results obtained in the study are expected to guide decision-makers and contribute to the literature.

A vision to improve the level of tourism performance in North Sinai Governorate (Field study during 2014: 2023)

A vision to improve the level of tourism performance in North Sinai Governorate (Field study during 2014: 2023)

From disruption to recovery: a multi-country analysis of tourism and hospitality firms’ performance post-COVID-19

ABSTRACT This study employs a discontinuous growth model, a method that captures shifts in trends over time, to explore how the performance of tourism and hospitality firms has evolved from the pre-COVID to the post-COVID period. It uncovers two key insights. Firstly, a substantial decrease in tourism and hospitality firms’ financial and market performance was evident in 2020. For instance, their return on assets in 2020 was 348% lower than in 2019. Secondly, while there was no improvement in their financial performance in 2021, a noteworthy improvement in market performance was observed. In 2022, both financial and market performance exhibited significant recovery. Remarkably, the degree of recovery in market performance in 2021 and financial performance in 2022 mirrored their respective declines in 2020, indicating a restoration of tourism and hospitality firms’ performance to the pre-crisis level. However, this restoration was not observable among firms with low liquidity, little retained earnings, and high financial constraints, suggesting that such firms may take actions (such as cost-cutting) that can lead to a decline in their quality of services and customer experiences. Therefore, this study underscores the importance of government support to some tourism and hospitality firms even in the aftermath of the COVID-19 crisis.

Conservation of resources for sustainable performance in tourism

This study aims to examine the impact of green purchasing, waste management, eco-friendly design of products and services, and customer relationship management on sustainable performance in the South Asian tourism industry. The contemporary tourism and hospitality industry increasingly focuses on environmental sustainability. The tourism sector is considered to contribute significantly to the economy. It allows employment and generates economic profits, resulting in an increase in overall economic activity. This study used deductive and quantitative approaches to evaluate the research hypotheses. Data was gathered from 463 tourism-related businesses situated across diverse locations in Pakistan. This study discovered that green purchasing has a significant impact on sustainable performance. Similarly, waste management, eco-friendly design of products and services, and customer relationship management all had a significant impact on sustainable performance. This research presents a framework that highlights the practices of tourism businesses in attaining sustainable performance, utilizing the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory for support. The inclusion of COR theory in examining variables related to sustainable performance is considered a unique and pioneering contribution to interdisciplinary fields such as supply chain management and the tourism industry. Furthermore, this study is the first of its kind in the South Asian region, specifically in Pakistan.

The Implication of Political Risk and Specific Macroeconomic Variables on Total Revenue in Tourism Industry

Political risk is one factor that influences tourism performance as a tourist is more sensitive to the hosting country’s political environment. In addition, to the effect of country risk on the tourism industry, the global economy has recently experienced severe shocks due to high inflation rates, political risk, and currency volatility. This paper aims to investigate the implications of political risk, inflation, and exchange rate volatilities on tourism revenue in South Africa. A sample of 144 monthly data was used to assess both long-run and short-run relationships amongst the study variables using the ARDL cointegration and error correction model approaches to achieve the study objective. Results indicated that political risk, inflation rate, and exchange rate volatility influence long-term revenue changes in the tourism industry. In contrast, real effective exchange rates and inflation significantly impact total revenue in the tourism sector. The findings also indicated that political risk has no short-term effect on tourism revenue. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the country's political stability increase, increasing the number of tourist arrivals and resulting in growing revenue for the tourism industry in S.A. Additionally, the South African reserve bank should revise its exchange-rate pegging, monetary targeting, and inflation targeting to reduce the effects of inflation on tourism revenue.

The Effect of Compensation and Motivation on Employee Performance at Wai Tiddo Nature Tourism, Luwu Regency

In realizing an optimal level of performance, Wai Tiddo Nature Tourism has tried to do various things, such as improving employee discipline and simplifying every employee's work plan to facilitate task work and improve performance. This writing aims to determine the effect of compensation and motivation on employee performance in Wai Tiddo nature tourism, Luwu Regency. The research was conducted by disseminating the questionnaire, while the research method used simple random sampling. The study's results stated that compensation and motivation partially or simultaneously affected employee performance in Wai Tiddo Nature Tourism, Luwu Regency.

Post-COVID impact of offering free virtual tours during the pandemic: navigating the interplay of cannibalisation and visitors’ crowd aversion

ABSTRACT The tourism sector embraced virtual tourism as an innovative revitalisation strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Building on existing literature exploring the long-term impacts of virtual tours post-COVID, this paper examines whether and how offering free virtual tours during the pandemic enhances tourism performance in the aftermath. The study addresses the dual challenges of virtual tour cannibalisation and visitors’ crowd aversion, particularly relevant given the resurgence of congestion in popular destinations post-pandemic. Through mathematical modelling and analytical analysis, the study explores optimal pricing strategies for tour providers, emphasising the importance of bolstering social influence and mitigating visitors’ crowd aversion to physical visits. It underscores the post-COVID benefits of providing free virtual tours during the pandemic for tourism performance, particularly when visitors exhibit heightened crowd aversion. This strategy remains relevant with an endogenised virtual tour design or the presence of the reference point effect, highlighting the pivotal role of leveraging visitors’ reference points in enhancing tourism performance.

Tourism Performance and Economic Development in India

There are several reasons to travel, and these reasons combine to form the tourism industry, which is one of the world's major service sectors in terms of sales and earnings in foreign currencies. It becomes clear that tourism is a powerful stimulus for inclusive societal growth, which benefits both general development and the reduction of poverty. Worldwide recognition is accorded to its key position and significance in propelling economic improvement and augmenting employment prospects. India's tourism industry is expanding rapidly, with great potential for generating employment and foreign exchange profits in addition to driving the country's overall economic and social progress. India has many tourist spots that are popular with both domestic and foreign visitors, such as Mysore, Delhi, Goa, and Amritsar. Particularly important for the expansion of India's services sector and a major source of job creation is the tourism sector. The tourist sector in India can significantly boost infrastructure development due to its enormous growth potential. Additionally, it can promote several other economic sectors through interdependent linkages, promoting cross-sectoral synergies and advancing total economic development in industries including construction, handicrafts, horticulture, poultry, transportation, and agriculture.

The influence of collaborators and knowledge diversity on innovation performance of tourism and hospitality academia network

In the knowledge economy era, there is a growing global emphasis on the impact of international scientific collaboration networks (SCNs) on academic innovation. Based on a cross-level analysis perspective, this study constructs a dual-stage cross-level moderated mediation model and tests the hypotheses related to scientific collaboration, knowledge diversity, and innovation performance. The data were collected from the tourism and hospitality academia publications from 1983 to 2018, involving 79 groups of 303 academics from China. This study indicates that knowledge diversity positively mediates the relationship between the number of collaborators and tourism academics’ innovation performance. Furthermore, in complex SCNs, network relationship scale and team collaboration density have cross-level moderated effects on this process.

Impact of Tourist's Willingness and Tourists’ Satisfaction of Digital Transformation on Tourism Makers and Tourism Performance

Impact of Tourist's Willingness and Tourists’ Satisfaction of Digital Transformation on Tourism Makers and Tourism Performance

Locus of control, environment, and small-medium business performance in pilgrimage tourism: The mediating role of product innovation

Small and medium businesses in pilgrimage tourism are one of the most vulnerable sectors in the post-pandemic due to product innovation and business activities. This study aims to investigate the impact of locus of control and environment on business performance, as well as to examine the role of product innovation. The data of this research were retrieved using a self-administered survey from small and medium businesses on Islamic pilgrimage in East Java of Indonesia. Using structural equation modeling, the findings indicate that locus of control and environment can support product innovation and small-medium business performance. Furthermore, this present research shows that there is a robust link between product innovation and performance. This research also reveals that product innovation partially mediates the link between locus of control and business performance, as well as the environment and small-medium business performance in pilgrimage tourism. These findings raise the need for small and medium enterprises to take the initiative for product innovations to escalate business performance.