Tourist Flows Research Articles

The network characteristics of classic red tourist attractions in Shaanxi province, China.

Red tourism is a distinctive form of tourism in China. Its network attention serves as a typical indicator to measure the level of promotion and publicity for red tourism, as well as an important reflection of its influence. Understanding the network structure of red tourism is of significant importance for optimizing the spatial pattern of tourism and promoting the development of the tourism industry. Based on this, this study takes the classic red tourism attractions in Shaanxi province, China as an example and constructs a multi-source data network attention evaluation index. Additionally, it employs social network theory to explore the network attention and tourist flow characteristics of the case study area. Research shows that: (1) Overall, the network attention to case-based destinations is relatively low, and there are significant differences in network attention among different attractions. Spatially, the distribution of network attention is uneven. This is manifested by higher network attention to attractions in Yan'an city and lower network attention to attractions in other regions. (2) There are differences in the network attention of different types of attractions. High-level attractions have a higher level of online attention, while low-level attractions have a lower level of network attention. Additionally, archaeological sites tend to receive a higher level of online attention. (3) The network density of tourist flow is low, and the tourism connections between nodes are not closely linked. The linkage between core nodes and edge nodes in tourism is poor. Developed tourism routes only exist in core nodes. (4) Nodes such as Zaoyuan revolution site, Yangjialing revolution site, and Wangjiaping revolution site have a significant influence in the network structure. In addition, the integration and development between red nodes and non-red nodes have been achieved. (5) There is a correlation between network attention and tourist flow, as well as a 'misplacement' feature. Based on the characteristics of attractions, they can be divided into four types: bright-star attractions, cash-cow attractions, thin-dog attractions, and question attractions. Based on the above conclusions, this study proposes targeted development recommendations.

Socio-Economic and Demographic Aspects of Russian Tourism in Thailand in 2023

The article reviews the evolution of the growth of Russian tourist flow to the Kingdom of Thailand in 2023, a significant growth of which mainly began to occur after the cancelation of the pandemic status of a new coronavirus infection. The study covers the contemporary strategy for the recovery of the internal tourism business aimed at popularizing travel, including such concepts as safety, hygiene, environmental friendliness, getting new impressions, profitability, etc. The analysis of the updated data for the past year represents the scientific novelty of this study, aimed to assess the rate of recovery of the tourist flow of our compatriots, who have always made a significant share in the flow of foreign tourists to this hospitable Southeastern Kingdom. The relevance of the study can be explained within the study of Thai experience of increasing the volume of the tourism industry, which was most affected by COVID-19 and related anti-epidemiological restrictions. The results of the scientific work conducted by the authors, first of all, the identification of the main trends that require systemic changes necessary for the “recovery therapy” of the modern tourist industry in the post-COVID period, can be applied by scientists in studies of migration for recreational purposes, as well as in the format of using foreign experience in the development of strategies to increase tourist flows to Russian resorts. In the future, this research program will most likely be continued.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ON THE GREAT SILK ROAD (KAZAKHSTAN SECTION)

The Great Silk Road is a historical place for Kazakhstan, promoting mutual understanding and peace between peoples, connecting cultures, developing tourism, trade and business. Therefore, a comprehensive study of the tourism and recreational potential of the sites of the Kazakhstan section of the Great Silk Road, the socio-economic significance of tourism development and tourism attractiveness is very important. The purpose of this study was to determine the socio - economic significance of tourism development in the Kazakhstan section of the Great Silk Road. In the study of tourism and recreational resources of the Great Silk Road, the methods of analysing the theoretical basis, studying statistical data and questionnaires were used comprehensively. As a result, the socio-economic significance of tourism development in Kazakhstan, favourable socio-cultural impact of the Great Silk Road in connection with improving the welfare of the population of the territory, increasing the flow of tourists, income from the tourism industry and improving infrastructure was revealed. The survey showed that 40.9 % of respondents rated the level of satisfaction with transport infrastructure from 5 points to 3 points. 34.1 % of respondents rated the quality of roads as 4 points and 13.6 % as 5 points. It was also found that the most visited tourist sites on the Kazakh part of the Great Silk Road in recent times are the mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, Otrar State Archaeological Museum-Reserve, mausoleum of Aisha Bibi and Karakhan. Thus, it was proposed to form an information base of tourist sites of the Kazakhstan part of the Great Silk Road, to attract qualified personnel in the ser vice sector, to popularise tourist sites by improving Internet resources, advertising and shooting feature films.

Масштабирование практики эффективного всесезонного туристического продукта

Nowadays the hotel development is growing dynamically, the actual indicators of the industry are increasing like for like, the planned indicators are being formed on the horizon 2030 and then. Dozens of large resort projects and hundreds of projects of suburban park hotels in various concepts and classes are being implemented. The most dynamic segment is recreational hotels offering tourists accommodation and vacation programs. Competition for the Russian tourist flow has formed, and this trend will intensify. The article shows methods of achieving the target efficiency of recreational hotels at the conceptual level — a key task for the planned development of a tourist product and meeting the needs of tourists.

Problems of development and prospects for improvement of the tourism and hotel industry in Moscow

Subject. The article considers the development of the tourism and hospitality industry as drivers of growth in various sectors of the region's economy. Objectives. The aim is to analyze the current state and dynamics of the tourism industry and hospitality industry in Moscow, the development of promising areas to improve the efficiency of their activities. Methods. The study employs methods of statistical and economic analysis. Results. The analysis of data from statistical agencies and specialized Internet sources enabled to conclude on outstripping growth of the tourism industry in Moscow and the Moscow Oblast, compared to other regions of Russia. The study considered the main measures of State support to tourism outlined in the government program "Tourism Development", as well as specific results and amounts allocated from the Moscow budget for these purposes. We analyzed the main performance indicators of Moscow hotels, like the average length of stay per guest, average income per guest, average vacation rate, load factor. Conclusions. Based on government support measures and evidence on the economic indicators of the hospitality industry, the study unveiled the promising areas of growth of the tourism and hotel services market, such as increasing the tourist attractiveness of Moscow, reorientation of foreign tourist flows, development of services for the "digital travelers" sector, "green" marketing, personalization of services, etc.

Homestay drives community's socio-economic development and sustainability; a case study of Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan

Northern Pakistan is one of the most visiting places by both domestic and foreign visitors. This visitation phenomenon encourages residents to commercialize their residences portion a partial sharing into homestays. The northern area tourists have the privilege to experience homestay operations due to a shortage of lodging demand-supply gaps. A homestay is an idea of accommodation operation in which a visitor pays a charge to stay with a host family and engage with the native population. GB in general and Skardu in particular, benefited from the homestay due to national and international tourist flow. Homestay in Pakistan is not standardized or even not regularized. However, there are still many newcomers in the homestay business while owners do not understand business requirements, and the majority of them are not get training. Social media and online booking is popular channels for selling products. This study includes an assessment of community perceptions of how much the Homestay program influences the community in Skardu city, and even a discussion about the issues that Homestay operators and the community face. A cross-sectional research design with both quantitative and qualitative statistics (QUAN-QUAL Techniques) was used to examine the data. The data on a semi-structured questionnaire was collected from 30 homestay operators in the city. This research highlighted numerous characteristics of homestay growth, issues, and prospects.

Speleo objects of the Idrisovo village surroundings (Southern Urals)

The village of Idrisovo is located in the Salavat region in the north-east of the Republic of Bashkortostan, now it is part of the UNESCO Yangan-Tau Geopark. The territory is composed of meridionally extending Devonian and Carboniferous carbonate rocks that come to the surface in the cliffs of the Yuryuzan River and its tributaries. Caves, grottoes, arches have formed in carbonate rocks, which have long attracted the attention of people. In connection with the increase in the tourist flow in the territory (rafting on the Yuryuzan River and visiting the archaeological site of the Idrisovo Cave and other natural objects), there was a need for a speleological survey of the territory in order to inform the population about the presence and significance of speleological objects. The article describes all the speleological objects identified as a result of the study of stock materials and field surveys in the vicinity of the village of Idrisovo, within the Salavat region of the Republic of Bashkortostan, from the Bolshoy Limonovsky Ridge to the Stupenchatyy Ridge along the left bank of the Yuryuzan River. The recreational capacities of speleological objects are determined by their morphology. The use of their entrance parts is possible as display objects as part of comprehensive routes, without visiting the internal parts of the speleological objects.

Analysis of the higher education system managerial and organizational potential in the United Republic of Tanzania with the aim of implementing a model of students’ eco-awareness formation in the Russian language

Russia is one of the key players in Africa. The development of diplomatic, trade, cultural relations with African countries is important in creating Russian economic relations with the outside world. In 2020–2022, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the tourist flow from Russia to Tanzania increased, which led to an increased demand for service professionals who know the Russian language. The research conducted allowed to determine the historical peculiarities of relations between Tanzania and Russia and the organizational and pedagogical potential of higher education in Tanzania with the aim of implementing a model of eco-awareness formation in the Russian language. There are 9 bachelor’s, 6 master’s and one doctoral program of training specialists in the field of natural sciences, as well as management in the field of ecology and tourism. The application of the developed training programs, as well as the model of students’ eco-awareness formation will allow to get up to 10 specialists of bachelor level (with knowledge of Russian and natural-scientific terminology) within the period of mastering the basic educational program (three years); training a specialist of master level (with knowledge of Russian and natural-scientific terminology) has a planned indicator from three to five specialists within the period of mastering the basic educational program (two years); training a specialist of doctoral level (with knowledge of Russian and natural-scientific terminology) has a planned indicator from one to two specialists. The information obtained in the course of the research is of interest for the ministries and departments of the Russian Federation in terms of planning international events and cooperation.

La reciente diversificación de los flujos turísticos internacionales hacia España

Rationale International tourism in Spain was highly buoyant in 2023, with record levels of tourist arrivals, hotel overnight stays and average spending per tourist. This article describes the recent characteristics of these tourist flows and the factors that could help explain them. Takeaways •The increase in international tourist arrivals in 2023 and early 2024 relative to the 2016-2019 period was more marked during the autumn and winter months than during the summer months. •In 2023 foreigner hotel overnight stays increased more sharply, compared with the pre-pandemic period, in the northern regions of Spain than in the islands and the south of mainland Spain. •Foreign tourist source countries also appear to have diversified in 2023, with a notable increase in the number of tourists from the Americas and a slight decrease in the number of tourists from countries such as Germany and the United Kingdom. •In 2023 as a whole international tourists appear to have chosen higher category hotels to a greater extent, thus boosting average spending per tourist.

Google Trends data and transfer function models to predict tourism demand in Italy

PurposeThe tourist industry has to adopt a big data-driven foresight approach to enhance decision-making in a post-COVID international landscape still marked by significant uncertainty and in which some megatrends have the potential to reshape society in the next decades. This paper, considering the opportunity offered by the application of the quantitative analysis on internet new data sources, proposes a prediction method using Google Trends data based on an estimated transfer function model.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses the time-series methods to model and predict Google Trends data. A transfer function model is used to transform the prediction of Google Trends data into predictions of tourist arrivals. It predicts the United States tourism demand in Italy.FindingsThe results highlight the potential expressed by the use of big data-driven foresight approach. Applying a transfer function model on internet search data, timely forecasts of tourism flows are obtained. The two scenarios emerged can be used in tourism stakeholders’ decision-making process. In a future perspective, the methodological path could be applied to other tourism origin markets, to other internet search engine or other socioeconomic and environmental contexts.Originality/valueThe study raises awareness of foresight literacy in the tourism sector. Secondly, it complements the research on tourism demand forecasting by evaluating the performance of quantitative forecasting techniques on new data sources. Thirdly, it is the first paper that makes the United States arrival predictions in Italy. Finally, the findings provide immediate valuable information to tourism stakeholders that could be used to make decisions.

Характеристика потенциальных угроз безопасности предприятий гостиничного бизнеса и меры по их противодействию

The development of interstate cooperation, accelerated scientific and technological progress, new tourist flows will intensify the implementation of unresolved issues related to the safety of vacationers at the hotel business. Moreover, the problems associated with potential security threats that need to be addressed in this area are not diminishing. And these are not only problems of improving safety, but a whole range of various complex issues, since domestic tourism has been continuously developing in recent years, and the hotel business is trying to keep up with it, in which there are many threats that require constant monitoring of the security situation. In the process of analyzing the problem, the author comes to the conclusion that today, in order to ensure the security of the clients of the sphere in question, and the commercial enterprises themselves, separate half-measures are indispensable. To solve all urgent problems, a comprehensive functioning mechanism is required, taking into account all measures in the area under consideration, covering the available forms and methods to ensure reliable protection of residents, staff, and other activities.

Tourist Flows and Multi-Destination Trips: A Network Analysis

ABSTRACT Conventional approaches to modeling multi-destination trips are either based on trade-offs between one single destination and multiple destinations or on a sequence of destinations in a linear manner. These approaches are inadequate to capture the manifestation of multi-destination trips as a network at the aggregate level. Hence, built upon network analytical frameworks, this study adopted a directed network to model multi-destination trips. Using a visitor profile survey of Hong Kong, we found that the networks of multi-destination trips for both leisure and business travelers have several interesting properties, such as high densities, high clustering coefficients, and short diameters. High-degree nodes represent either destinations or origins in the leisure network, but they have a dual role as both destinations and origins in the business network. Network sparsity has a significant impact on the topology of the leisure network, but the impact is negligible on the business network.

ECOLOGICAL CONDITION OF THE OGLAKHTY SITE OF THE KHAKASS NATURE RESERVE BASED ON THE RESULTS OF 2022 OBSERVATIONS

The article presents the results of the ecological module of complex recreational monitoring in specially protected natural territories of federal importance. The work was carried out according to the methodological recommendations elaborated in 2021 by a team of authors (V.V. Nepomnyaschy, A.V. Zavadskaya, V.P. Chizhova).Monitoring of the state of natural complexes under the influence of tourist and recreational activities was carried out in the zone of areal and linear impacts at the Oglakhty site of the Khakass reserve. The main results are presented for the 2022 tourist season. Currently, the entire territory of the Oglakhty site is mainly occupied by quasinatural complexes. The linear impact is concentrated mainly on patrol roads and manifests itself in the pedestrian movement zone. The areal impact is on the stopover places near information banners and display objects on the routes, as well as in places of the economic activities. Recommendations for the effective development of ecotourism on the Oglakhty site include the construction of additional flooring on the most popular route, as well as the redistribution of tourist flow to the less attended routes with sufficient capacity, increasing their attractiveness for various target audiences.

ASSESSMENT OF THE DYNAMICS OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

Purpose. The aim of the article is to define the level of potential for the continuous development of the tourism industry and close interaction with various sectors of the economy, making it a significant component in the social and economic life of countries and peoples (communities). Methodology of research. Both general scientific and specialized methods were utilized in the research process, including: induction and deduction – during the collection, systematization, and processing of necessary information; analysis and comparison – in reflecting the development of international tourism in Ukraine compared to other countries worldwide and within the region; abstract and logical – for forming theoretical conclusions; monographic and comparative – for systematizing scientific approaches of scholars to the theoretical aspects of tourism business development; graphical – for visualizing research results. Findings. The article discusses a scientific investigation into various aspects of international tourism development. It differentiates various definitions of "tourism" found in publications, which help identify the direction of further research in this field. It is determined that international tourism is one of the key sectors of foreign economic activity, demonstrating the highest growth dynamics. Seven main factors contributing to the growth of international tourism are outlined. An analysis of the situation in the domestic market of tourist services for the years 2019-2022 is conducted, supported by statistical data and the State Agency for Tourism Development (SATD). Challenges are assessed, including the pandemic and full-scale military aggression by Russia against Ukraine. It is identified that tourism could become one of the sectors enabling Ukraine to recover after the crisis. Originality. The author's approach to the interpretation of the main approaches to understanding the tourism industry has been further developed. The main factors of growth of international tourism against the background of strengthening quarantine measures in individual countries and regions are identified. An in-depth assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and full-scale war on the tourism market of Ukraine is carried out. Practical value. The proposed proposals for assessing the dynamics of international tourism development in Ukraine can be used by public authorities, travel companies and other stakeholders to develop a strategy for the development of international tourism in Ukraine. Key words: international tourism, tourist industry, foreign economic activity, tourism potential, recreation, tourist flows, infrastructure, influencing factors.

Deconcentration strategies as tools for preventing gentrification as perceived by residents of tourism destinations

Abstract Purpose The issue of residents' attitudes is essential in the context of phenomena such as overtourism, tourismphobia, gentrification, and touristification at destinations. An important operation is the management of tourism flows (deconcentration strategies) to counteract negative phenomena. The purpose of this article is to assess the attitudes of residents of destinations of different sizes toward the activities of local government in regulating tourist traffic, which are understood as deconcentration strategies. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative research method using the focus group interview method (focus study) was applied. The survey was conducted with six groups of respondents from cities experiencing the effects of overtourism and small towns and villages where these effects are not apparent. Findings The survey showed that not all residents of large and well-known cities (Krakow and Tricity) and smaller towns are optimistic about the deconcentration strategy. In particular, residents of areas outside the centers of large cities do not want the dispersion of tourists. Practical implications There is a fundamental conclusion to be drawn about the need for sustainable management, in which citizens are active players at the planning level. Social implications This study has shown the need for public consultation before introducing deconcentration strategies, as residents of large well-known cities and smaller towns are not always favorably disposed toward the tourism management solutions implemented by local authorities. Originality/value Despite managing tourism and teasing out deconcentration strategies, the effectiveness of these measures is an emerging fundamental problem, particularly regarding the perceptions of residents.

Механизмы реализации территориального маркетинга в контексте стратегического развития регионов

The article discusses the mechanisms for implementing territorial marketing for the strategic development of regions. The relevance of this topic is due to the spatial imbalance in the economic situation of urban and more developed territories, while rural areas are in decline, which allows talking about the need to implement territo-rial marketing for a particular region. It is emphasized that as part of the economy globalization and increased competition between territories for resources, tourist flows, entrepreneurial initiatives, the principle “think global-ly – act locally” is the most effective. It is revealed that territorial marketing, aimed at the strategic development of the region, includes integrated resource management, promotion of economic development of the region, ensuring social well-being and stakeholder satisfaction, determination of business attraction strategies, and interaction with the local population. Both foreign and Russian experience of territorial marketing in the sphere of strategic development of regions is analyzed. The mechanisms of its realization are presented: regional marketing management, formation of an effective system of sales market, demand and supply, creation of a positive image and brand development. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that the mechanisms of territorial marketing, taking into account the interests of all parties, comprehensively affect the development of the re-gion.

Forecasting tourism demand with search engine data: A hybrid CNN-BiLSTM model based on Boruta feature selection

Using search engine data (SED) to forecast tourist flow is essential for management and security warnings at tourist attractions. Existing prediction models cannot effectively handle noise in the SED and external uncertainties. Thus, insufficient feature extraction may hinder the fitting of tourist flow time series. To improve the prediction accuracy, a forecasting method combining the Boruta algorithm (Boruta), bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM), and a convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed in this study. The model was tested using a monthly tourist flow dataset of three adjacent tourist attractions (Hongcun Village, Mount Huangshan, and Xidi Village) in Anhui Province, China, from January 2011 to March 2021. Forecasting for Hongcun Village shows that the proposed model performs best in three-step-ahead forecasting with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 2341.77 and a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 2.85 %. A comparative analysis demonstrated that the hybrid CNN-BiLSTM model outperformed benchmark models. Meanwhile, Boruta reduced the RMSE and MAPE of the model by 59.93 % and 54.11 %, respectively, which were superior to those of the baseline methods. Furthermore, a robustness test was applied considering Mount Huangshan and Xidi Village as additional exercises for prediction. The robustness test confirmed that the proposed model has the proper generalization capability. Accordingly, the forecasting framework used in this study is robust and operational. This can facilitate a new approach for tourism demand forecasting with SED and assist operators in making managerial decisions.

Attaining global peace and tourism competitiveness: linkages between tourism, security measures and economic stability

PurposeThe Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16 outlines sustainability as associated with peace, good governance and justice. The perception of international tourists about security measures and risks is a key factor affecting destination choices, tourist flow and overall satisfaction. Thus, we investigate the impact of armed forces personnel, prices, economic stability, financial development and infrastructure on tourism.Design/methodology/approachThis research used data from 130 countries from 1995 to 2019, which were divided into four income groups. This study employs a two-step generalized method of moments (GMM) technique and a novel tourism index comprising five relevant indicators of tourism.FindingsA 1% increase in armed forces personnel expands tourism in all income groups – 0.369% High Income Countries (HICs), 0.348% Upper Middle Income Countries (UMICs), 0.247% Lower Middle Income Countries (LMICs) and 0.139% Low Income Countries (LICs). The size of the tourism-safety coefficient decreases from high to low-income groups. The impact of inflation is significantly negative in all panels, excluding LICs. The reduction in tourism was 0.033% in HICs, 0.049% in UMICs and 0.029% in LMICs for a 1% increase in prices. The increase in the global tourism index is more in LICs (0.055%), followed by LMICs (0.024%), UMICs (0.009%) and HICs (0.004%) for a 1% expansion in the gross domestic product (GDP)/capita growth. However, the magnitude of the growth-led tourism impact is greater in developing countries. A positive impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow was found in all panels like 0.016% in HICs, 0.050% in UMICs and 0.119% in LMICs for a 1% increase in FDI inflow. The rise in the global tourism index is 0.097% (HICs), 0.124% (UMICs) and 0.310% (LMICs) for a 1% rise in the financial development index. The increase in the global tourism index is 0.487% (HICs), 0.420% (UMICs) and 0.136% (LICs) for a 1% rise in the infrastructure index.Research limitations/implicationsEmpirical analysis infers important policy implications such as (a) establishment of a peaceful environment via recruitment of security personnel, use of safe city cameras, modern technology and law enforcement; (b) provision of basic facilities to tourists like sanitation, drinking water, electricity, accommodation, quality food, fuel and communication network and (c) price stability through different tools of monetary and fiscal policy.Originality/valueFirst, it explains the effect of security personnel on a comprehensive index of tourism instead of a single variable of tourism. Second, it captures the importance of economic stability (i.e., economic growth, financial development and FDI inflow) in the tourism–peace nexus.

Современные тенденции и пути развития внутреннего туризма России в условиях санкций

The article presents an in-depth analysis of current trends in the sphere of domestic tourism in Russia, empha-sizing the consequences of international sanctions and the COVID-19 pandemic. The research aims to identify and assess the impact of these factors on the dynamics of the tourism industry, as well as to develop and test new strategies for its support and development. Utilizing a combination of methods, including statistical data analysis, surveys of tourism operators, and expert interviews, the author thoroughly examines the reduction of international tourist flows and revenues, changes in the travel patterns of Russian citizens and foreign touris ts. The main findings highlight a significant rise in interest in domestic tourism as an adaptive response to the current challenges, strengthening of the tourism infrastructure, and development of key regions in ac-cordance with the tourism development strategy until 2035. The presented analysis emphasizes the need for targeted strategies to stimulate domestic tourism and ensure the sustainable development of the industry in the face of new economic and social realities.

Heritage tourism and local prosperity: An empirical investigation of their controversial relationship

Cultural heritage and local attractiveness entertain an inextricable relationship. Cultural visitors and tourists are willing to discover and admire different, unique, and outstanding forms of culture and local inhabitants recognize themselves in the symbolic meanings and values carried by their heritage, which inspires proudness and sense of belonging. Furthermore, cultural tourism represents a contributor to local economic conditions and a resource to support cultural heritage maintenance and preservation costs. However, concerns related to excessive flows of tourists towards cultural destinations have been raised from many parts. In fact, over-tourism might generate social, cultural, environmental, and economic costs, mainly affecting and damaging local communities. This paper aims at investigating the nexus between cultural tourism and local economic development. A Structural Regression Model is applied to Italian provincial (NUTS3) data to simultaneously identify the direct effects of cultural tourism on economic conditions as well as its indirect and potentially controversial effects.