Tourism Boom Research Articles

Individual tourist expenditures in Japan during the inbound tourism boom period (2015–2017): Empirical evidence from micro survey data

AbstractThis study empirically examines the characteristics of demand generated by inbound tourism (inbound demand) in Japan in the 2010s using individual data from the Consumption Trend Survey for Foreigners Visiting Japan. This is the first study to investigate the detailed characteristics of inbound consumption during Japan's inbound boom period using individual micro survey data. One of the main findings is that household income and the exchange rate significantly affect inbound demand. This is especially true for inbound demand by visitors from Asian countries, whose main purpose for visiting Japan is shopping. Another main finding is that visa relaxation effectively increases the number of tourists from China. The third finding is that the payment environment in Japan, including the use of credit cards, has a significant impact on inbound demand. These findings provide an in‐depth insight into inbound demand as a potential engine for future economic growth in Japan.

Éloge de l’indocilité: regard colonial et appropriation locale, Monts Mandara du Cameroun

This article examines the colonial discourse on populations living in the Mandara Mountains in Cameroon, and the way in which they practiced mimicry to appropriate symbols of the dominant culture, diverting them from their original significance and reinterpreting them to promote their own cultural experiences. It shows how the clichés of rebels and savages through which the colonial power strove to define them were reinvested to defend the image of the mountain dwellers as strong, hard-working people. This process of reappropriation continued during the big tourist boom that began in the 1950s and continued until the mid-2010s, which saw the first forays of Boko Haram in the region. During this period, people staged the supposed cultural authenticity of the Mandara Mountains to fuel the tourism industry. The article is based on archival data collected in various archives in Cameroon, notably in the National Archives in Yaoundé, as well as on data from oral interviews conducted with thirty-nine participants.

Sustainable Tourism Development in The Development of Pontianak Equator Weaving Tourism Village

This research aims to analyze more deeply the development of a weaving tourism village in Pontianak City. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative data collection techniques using in-depth interviews and literature studies, where metadata is taken from books, online journals, and secondary references related to this research. This research was analyzed using sustainable tourism development. The results of the study found that the development of the equator weaving village has paid attention to economic, ecological, and social aspects so that the equator weaving village can become one of the booming tourism village pilots in Pontianak City.

A novel framework for comprehensive value evaluation of cultural tourism resources with 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers multiple attribute decision making

In recent years, with the rapid growth of the public’s demand for cultural connotation and cultural taste of tourism products, promoting the rapid development of the integration of cultural tourism, the development of cultural tourism boom has been set off nationwide. Cultural tourism resources are the premise and foundation of cultural tourism development. With the rise of cultural tourism fever, the collation and excavation of the cultural connotation and cultural value of various types of cultural tourism resources around the world has entered a more in-depth stage, which undoubtedly promotes the industrial transformation and utilization of resources, but in terms of the evaluation of the value of resources, there are more qualitative evaluations and few quantitative evaluations, which is largely due to the current academic classification of cultural tourism resources is not uniform, so that the evaluation of resources This is largely due to the difficulty of establishing the index system in the current academic community. The comprehensive value evaluation of cultural tourism resources is looked as the multiple attribute decision making (MADM) issue. In this paper, we extended the dua Hamy mean (DHM) operator and power avergae (PA) operator to 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic sets (2TLNSs) to propose the 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic power DHM (2TLNPDHM) operator. Finally, a decision example for comprehensive value evaluation of cultural tourism resources is employed to show the 2TLNPDHM operator.

Feeding a tourism boom: changing food practices and systems of provision in Hoi An, Vietnam

ABSTRACT While food studies have increasingly gone beyond the “Western” experience in food globalization processes, research on food and tourism has often prioritized the (Western) tourist’s gaze. In the literature on food and tourism in Asia, little attention has been given to the experiences of host populations. Responding to this lacuna in the literature, this paper analyses how a tourism boom is fed and how tourism-driven “foodway encounters” shape food practices and systems of provision. Focusing on the major tourism transformations seen in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Hoi An, Vietnam, over the past decades, we study how hosts approach tourists’ demand for both comfort food from home and new food experiences that are simultaneously “authentic” and safe. We analyze how both Vietnamese and foreign hosts seek to understand, influence and adapt to the culinary preferences of visitors, and how they develop the necessary skills to do so. Furthermore, since feeding tourists often requires a wide range of food traditionally unavailable or uncommon in Hoi An, we analyze how hosts acquire the ingredients necessary for changing food practices and how systems of provision both shape and take shape through the process of catering to the particularities of touristy foodways.

Curating pasts: musealization and tourism in Chinese cities

PurposeChina has been going through a “museum boom” paralleling the domestic tourism boom since 2000; such growth changed the cultural landscape; museums became a vital characteristic of some Chinese cities for both residents and tourists. Encouraged by this growth, the more ambitious “All-for-one Museum (全域博物馆)” was proposed. The physical boundary between museums and living spaces is infinite ambiguity, challenging the idea of museums as “heterotopias.” This study aims to explore the musealization of urban spaces in the context of anthropology and museology, scrutinizing the cultural-political intentions and meanings of these developments, and seeks to ignite further investigation into the reconstruction of historical imaginaries for tourists and urban populations across related disciplines.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines two cases in Chinese metropolises, Beijing and Shanghai, to illustrate this development of musealization, that is, how the cities actively leverage museological values and methods to connect with their past. In the Beijing case, the authors explore how the local government is leading the effort to musealize the city; in the Shanghai case, they will see how tourists, especially dweller-tourists, navigate through a curated past story in the city and connect their own experience, memory and identity with the place.FindingsThe all-for-one museum creates a museal layer projected onto the bigger urban space, even though the authenticity of the “past” is challenged by the modernization development of the city. The authors also find out that for some tourists (especially dweller-tourists), an existential sense of authenticity plays a more significant role as they not only seek to sightsee the past of the city but also to take part in its creation.Originality/valueThis paper discusses two kinds of musealization in cosmopolitan cities of Beijing and Shanghai: top-down and bottom-up. It approaches questions about the musealization of urban spaces from the perspectives of anthropology and museology, and discusses musealization in the specific historical context of China’s modernization process.

From circular to permanent: The economic assimilation of migrants during Spain's rural exodus, 1955–73

AbstractCircular migration has played a substantial role in the assimilation process of rural–urban migrants in Spain across the twentieth century. This paper analyses the short‐term impact of the temporariness of this type of migration in the economic assimilation of migrants during the rural exodus, 1955–73. More specifically, I study this process in one key scenario – the Spanish tourism boom. Using a novel micro‐dataset, results show that the temporariness was a key factor that constrained the capacity of migrants to achieve income growth. Thus, the incentives to persist with circular migratory movements and the socio‐economic constraints on permanent settlement had significant adverse consequences. These migrants sorted into lower‐income occupations and had lower incentives and chances to acquire host‐specific human and social capital in comparison with permanent migrants. As a result, circular migrants registered lower occupational attainment leading to a higher income gap with natives and permanent migrants as the years of circular migration increased in number. These results indicate that most migrants had fewer chances than natives of taking advantage of the process of rapid structural change not solely because of lower human and social capital factors but also because of the temporariness of their migration.

Tracing Terroir(s): the role of maps, guidebooks, and regional products in constructing the French gastronomic imaginary

ABSTRACT Before French cuisine emerged as the global benchmark for gastronomic excellence, tempting tourists both near and far, a tradition of culinary travel, largely linked with the valorization of regional cuisines and products, had already been established among French citizens themselves, having notably arisen during the inter-war period. Stimulating a sense of cultural unity and shared values, inspiring imaginations, and boosting commerce alike, the idea of a national cuisine, encompassing France’s diverse regions, offered a sense of continuity, comfort, and rootedness in a time of socio-economic upheaval. Beyond this, the expansion of food certification labels, linking products with places, and the integration of the concept of terroir grew in importance and scope. This paper seeks to explore the roots of the inter-war boom of culinary tourism within France and to trace the representative power of regional cuisines and products through analyzing three inter-related factors: culinary guidebooks and literature, gastronomic maps, and authenticity labels, all of which facilitate a sense of belonging, whether symbolic or literal for the citizen or foreign tourist. I will identify contributions of these three components in constructing a collective culinary identity, and will propose how concepts of terroir are now being adapted and employed today to address a changing nation.

'To get freedom, one went abroad a lot': British Homosexual Men and Continental Europe as a Site of Emancipation, 1950-75.

This article traces the leisure travel of British homosexual men in continental Europe between 1950 and 1975. The aim of this article is to challenge narratives of British post-war sexual rights discourses as isolated from continental Europe. Taking a transnational approach, which examines the ways in which Britain was embedded in processes of social and cultural change across Europe, it charts informal encounters and networks of cultural communication forged by homosexual men themselves during the post-war tourist boom. Using Oral Histories deposited at the British Library Sound Archive, I emphasize the role of homosocial spaces in the production and performance of the sexual self and establish how affluence provided access to spaces for sexual self-development during a period when homosexuality remained criminalized in Britain. It explores two distinct types of holidays taken by homosexual travellers, examined via a life writing approach-the Amsterdam city break and the southern European beach holiday-and shows how these experiences shaped their self-conception and hopes for a more tolerant society at home. In revealing how foreign forms of homosexual sociability influenced domestic politics, I argue for a stronger emphasis on British entanglements with continental Europe when tracing political and social transformations during the post-war period.

Uncovering the Dominant Contribution of Untreated Domestic Wastewater to Antimicrobials in the Lower Reach of the Lhasa River on the Tibetan Plateau

A major tributary of the Yarlung Tsangpo River on the Tibetan Plateau, the Lhasa River, flows through Lhasa, one of the world’s highest-altitude cities. Along with the fast urbanization and booming tourism industry in Lhasa, pollution of its aquatic environment receives growing concerns. This study quantified the spatiotemporal distributions and potential ecological risk of common antimicrobials in the lower reach of the Lhasa River for the first time and found untreated domestic wastewater to be a key source of pollution. Thirty-four antimicrobials were detected, with concentrations spanning 4 orders of magnitude (0.01–629 ng/L). Spatial variations of antimicrobials were observed, with tetracyclines and macrolides dominated at the upstream and downstream sites of Lhasa city, respectively, due to varying source inputs and different attenuation of antimicrobials. Although only a few antimicrobials pose medium–high ecological risk individually, the simultaneous occurrence of multiple antimicrobials may result in significant ecological toxicity. While the treated wastewater effluent and agricultural runoff combined contributed to 14.2 and 23.5% of the total antimicrobials in the Lhasa River during wet and dry seasons, respectively, the untreated domestic wastewater discharge accounted for the rest. These findings indicate the urgent need for improving the collection system and treatment technology of domestic wastewater in Lhasa.

The impact of the tourism accommodation composition on housing prices: The case of Croatia

The adverse effects booming tourism activity and peer-to-peer platforms on housing markets are well known, while the influence of relative changes in tourism accommodation composition on housing prices are not well understood. To shed more light on the issue, this paper employs the data set on housing prices and its main tourism, economic, and demographic determinants, for cities and municipalities in a tourism-dependent country. The results suggest more intensive tourism demand and the conversion of housing stock into rentals boost housing prices. The increase in the share of short-term rentals depresses prices, while in destinations where hotels and campsites become more prevalent prices increase. These findings could be attributed to the pricing-in effects of an increased supply of tourism amenities developed as part of hotels’ and campsites‘ product mix that improve the quality of life, and lower quality of life experienced at destinations where rentals are becoming more prevalent.

A Real Time Tourism Recommender System using KNN and RBM Approach

Abstract: Tourism has become a significant contributor to both the industry and national economy. Over the years, the desire to travel and explore new places has led to a substantial increase in the number of tourists. This boom in tourism has resulted in many businesses, both global and local, as well as governments investing heavily in the industry. However, while governments invest in maintaining and promoting tourist attractions, there is often no emphasis on improving the overall experience of tourists.To address this issue, a real-time recommender system can be implemented. This system will provide tourists with recommendations based on their preferences, rather than just providing them with information. As the environment for recommender systems has become increasingly complex and dynamic, with diverse information available in real-time, it is necessary to develop an effective touring recommender system based on real-time characteristics. This system will provide tourists with real-time recommendations, thus enhancing their experience.To achieve this, a recommendation framework that provides comprehensive information for tourists is needed. This framework will guide tourists from the initial stage of exploring which country to visit, to providing a complete comprehensive guide for them once they arrive at their vacation destination. The goal of this solution is to give tourists the best possible experience, eliminating the need to depend on the help of others.Several features will be implemented in this application, such as comprehensive information on places to stay, dine, and visit, using the current location and budget, popularity, and other characteristics. The system will also create a timetable for tourists based on their duration of stay and provide real-time assistance. Overall, the system will provide a personalized and optimized touring experience for the tourist.With the implementation of this recommender system, tourists will be able to make more informed decisions about where to go, what to do, and where to stay. By using real-time data and personalized recommendations, tourists can enjoy a more engaging and satisfying vacation experience. This system will also benefit the tourism industry as a whole, by increasing customer satisfaction and promoting repeat visits

SIPN South: six years of coordinated seasonal Antarctic sea ice predictions

Antarctic sea ice prediction has garnered increasing attention in recent years, particularly in the context of the recent record lows of February 2022 and 2023. As Antarctica becomes a climate change hotspot, as polar tourism booms, and as scientific expeditions continue to explore this remote continent, the capacity to anticipate sea ice conditions weeks to months in advance is in increasing demand. Spurred by recent studies that uncovered physical mechanisms of Antarctic sea ice predictability and by the intriguing large variations of the observed sea ice extent in recent years, the Sea Ice Prediction Network South (SIPN South) project was initiated in 2017, building upon the Arctic Sea Ice Prediction Network. The SIPN South project annually coordinates spring-to-summer predictions of Antarctic sea ice conditions, to allow robust evaluation and intercomparison, and to guide future development in polar prediction systems. In this paper, we present and discuss the initial SIPN South results collected over six summer seasons (December-February 2017-2018 to 2022-2023). We use data from 22 unique contributors spanning five continents that have together delivered more than 3000 individual forecasts of sea ice area and concentration. The SIPN South median forecast of the circumpolar sea ice area captures the sign of the recent negative anomalies, and the verifying observations are systematically included in the 10-90% range of the forecast distribution. These statements also hold at the regional level except in the Ross Sea where the systematic biases and the ensemble spread are the largest. A notable finding is that the group forecast, constructed by aggregating the data provided by each contributor, outperforms most of the individual forecasts, both at the circumpolar and regional levels. This indicates the value of combining predictions to average out model-specific errors. Finally, we find that dynamical model predictions (i.e., based on process-based general circulation models) generally perform worse than statistical model predictions (i.e., data-driven empirical models including machine learning) in representing the regional variability of sea ice concentration in summer. SIPN South is a collaborative community project that is hosted on a shared public repository. The forecast and verification data used in SIPN South are publicly available in near-real time for further use by the polar research community, and eventually, policymakers.

Understanding Interactions Between Providers of Cosmetic Tourism and Tourists: The Lebanon Experience

Despite the boom in cosmetic tourism, academic research in this field remains scarce. The following interpretive study explores perceptions of key social players involved in the cosmetic tourism process from its initiation to its end. It highlights the perspectives of cosmetic medical providers and cosmetic tourists within a multifaceted theoretical framework that includes the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and self-concept components. A qualitative approach was applied, with similar topics discussed during interviews with a sample of cosmetic medical doctors and cosmetic tourists in Lebanon. The study delivers insight into the cosmetic tourism decision-making process, and the factors impacting choices here in terms of the destination, medical doctor, and medical center. It furthermore sheds light on aspects that distinguish cosmetic tourism, including social media and cultural influence. This study theoretically contributes to the development of an appropriate framework for cosmetic tourism. Empirically, its outcomes can be utilized to better understand the exclusivity of cosmetic tourists while improving their experiences, enhancing marketing strategies and the services provided to them.

Is tourism growth able to shrink economic inequalities? A DSGE analysis

The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between inbound tourism and economic inequalities (income and wealth). We construct a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) small open-economy model that includes the tourism industry and the housing market. We focus on the recent Icelandic tourism boom, and our simulation results suggest a reduction in income inequality and an increase in wealth inequality. Inbound tourism thus has opposite effects on domestic income inequality and wealth inequality, so the Icelandic government faces a trade-off when formulating tourism-related policies to reduce inequalities, and the consequences may depend on the type of inequality that policymakers prioritize. Lastly, implications are provided based on results.

Social involvement and adaptation to the 1960s tourist boom on Ibiza

ABSTRACT It is common to see that the academic analysis carried out on many accelerated tourism growth processes includes qualifications such as ‘dependent development’, ‘social and cultural impoverishment’, ‘destruction of social networks’, etc. In this article we present a detailed analysis of one of the fastest and most dramatic tourist booms in the Mediterranean, which occurred on the island of Ibiza in the 1960s. Our conclusions are that Ibizan society was not impoverished by it, nor did it reluctantly accept a tourist expansion promoted and imposed by external forces. In fact, it was intensely involved in a process of economic change that was essential to overcome the inadequacy of its traditional economic model. The sudden and powerful changes completely rearranged the island’s social structure, but the Ibizans were able to adapt to them and accept both the benefits and the costs of the implementation of mass tourism.

Branding in Tourism by using Digital Marketing

By the beginning of the 20th century, in the worldwide economy and culture, Tourism Sector was established as a fundamental, sustainable development branch, which occupied a special place in the global economic structure. Along with the development of the tourism market, great importance is attached to the branding of both the destination and the tourism company. In the modern market, it has become clear that only a company that creates a really strong brand, can ensure a successful existence. In the modern world, the development of social media has led to a boom in tourism. In the article, the authors emphasize the necessity of using digital marketing strategies, because, today the countries of the world are involved in marketing wars, and the way of success of modern tourism also indicates the necessity of using digital marketing strategies. Effective digital marketing develops Tourism sector. One of the new trends in the tourism sector is brand building through digital marketing. The article is an overview of brand building using digital marketing; on particular: it is about the creation of modern websites and the focus is on the use of digital marketing tools such as: AR and VR (Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality) technologies; One of the most budget tools - e-mail marketing development; mobile travel applications; Blogging and more. The article is based on the study, where the challenges and prospects of using digital marketing in the Georgian tourism industry are examined based on a comparative analysis. Keywords: branding; digital tourism; digital marketing.

Branding in Tourism by using Digital Marketing

By the beginning of the 20th century, in the worldwide economy and culture, Tourism Sector was established as a fundamental, sustainable development branch, which occupied a special place in the global economic structure. Along with the development of the tourism market, great importance is attached to the branding of both the destination and the tourism company. In the modern market, it has become clear that only a company that creates a really strong brand, can ensure a successful existence. In the modern world, the development of social media has led to a boom in tourism. In the article, the authors emphasize the necessity of using digital marketing strategies, because, today the countries of the world are involved in marketing wars, and the way of success of modern tourism also indicates the necessity of using digital marketing strategies. Effective digital marketing develops Tourism sector. One of the new trends in the tourism sector is brand building through digital marketing. The article is an overview of brand building using digital marketing; on particular: it is about the creation of modern websites and the focus is on the use of digital marketing tools such as: AR and VR (Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality) technologies; One of the most budget tools - e-mail marketing development; mobile travel applications; Blogging and more. The article is based on the study, where the challenges and prospects of using digital marketing in the Georgian tourism industry are examined based on a comparative analysis. Keywords: branding; digital tourism; digital marketing.

Branding in Tourism by using Digital Marketing

By the beginning of the 20th century, in the worldwide economy and culture, Tourism Sector was established as a fundamental, sustainable development branch, which occupied a special place in the global economic structure. Along with the development of the tourism market, great importance is attached to the branding of both the destination and the tourism company. In the modern market, it has become clear that only a company that creates a really strong brand, can ensure a successful existence. In the modern world, the development of social media has led to a boom in tourism. In the article, the authors emphasize the necessity of using digital marketing strategies, because, today the countries of the world are involved in marketing wars, and the way of success of modern tourism also indicates the necessity of using digital marketing strategies. Effective digital marketing develops Tourism sector. One of the new trends in the tourism sector is brand building through digital marketing. The article is an overview of brand building using digital marketing; on particular: it is about the creation of modern websites and the focus is on the use of digital marketing tools such as: AR and VR (Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality) technologies; One of the most budget tools - e-mail marketing development; mobile travel applications; Blogging and more. The article is based on the study, where the challenges and prospects of using digital marketing in the Georgian tourism industry are examined based on a comparative analysis. Keywords: branding; digital tourism; digital marketing.

ВІД ЛЬОДУ ДО ІННОВАЦІЙ: ЕКОНОМІЧНЕ ПАРТНЕРСТВО КИТАЮ І ДАНІЇ В АРКТИЦІ

The Arctic region, which has long been characterized by harsh climate and remoteness, is increasingly at the center of global economic discussions, primarily due to logistical and resource transformations caused by climate change. Given the rapid melting of ice and the opening of new sea trade routes, uncovering the historical context and motivations for Sino-Danish economic cooperation in the Arctic is a relevant component of a comprehensive study. Polar tourism, driven by the growing global interest in this unique environment, is one of the central aspects of this discourse. The article explores the dynamics of Chinese tourists’ growing interest in the Arctic and the role of the Kingdom of Denmark in the context of the Asian boom in polar extreme tourism, as well as the sustainable tourism practices and environmental responsibility that underpin this burgeoning industry. In addition, the research delves into the field of alternative energy, in particular, the innovative use of Arctic resources for clean energy production, demonstrating the joint efforts of official Beijing and Copenhagen in developing advanced water and wind-based alternative energy technologies and offering a glimpse into the future of green energy solutions in the Arctic and beyond. This study makes an important contribution to understanding the evolving narrative of Sino-Danish economic engagement in the High North by highlighting the key role played by trade, tourism, and water-based alternative energy initiatives, and by identifying the broader implications of Sino-Danish Arctic competition in terms of their impact on regional stability, environmental sustainability, and the interests of other polar stakeholders. As the Kingdom of Denmark and the People’s Republic of China navigate the complexities of their high-stakes partnership in the polar region, their strategies and actions provide insight into the broader context of constructive international coopetition in the Arctic. Finally, the article emphasizes the need for diplomatic engagement and responsible resource management to ensure that the economic relationship between the Chinese, Greenlandic and Danish governments in the Arctic contributes to respect for international law, sustainable development and a harmonious regional and global energy future.