Tourism Applications Research Articles

Innovation Research in Tourism and Hospitality Field: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis

New studies have constantly been emerging in the field of tourism. However, it is not clear to what extent which study contributes to the literature and tourism application areas. There are a few bibliometric studies that illustrate the intellectual structure of the tourism innovation field. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the performance and intellectual structure of research studies conducted on innovation in the field of tourism. For this purpose, a bibliometric analysis of 387 research studies, which were published over the period 1975–2021 and cited in SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, A&HCI indexes of WoS, is performed. Co-citation analysis indicates that innovation research studies in tourism can be categorized into three groups: (1) conceptualization and types of innovation in tourism, (2) review research on innovation in tourism, and (3) methodological studies. According to the co-word analysis, sharing economy, open innovation, sustainability, and technology are the most popular topics of recent times. A steady increase is observed in the number of citations to articles in the field of tourism innovation after 2008. The research study has crucial impacts in terms of guiding the researchers who would study in this field and providing the intellectual appearance of the field.

COVID 19 PANDEMİ SÜRECİNDE DESTİNASYON PAZARLAMASI BAĞLAMINDA MÜZELERDE SANAL TUR UYGULAMALARINA YÖNELİK KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ANALİZ

COVID-19 pandemisi ortaya çıktığı günden itibaren tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alarak sağlıktan ekonomiye kadar birçok sektörü etkilemiştir. Etkilenen sektörlerin başında ise turizm sektörü gelmektedir. Özellikle tam kapanma gibi süreçlerde toplumun genelinin evden çalışması, birçok işin şeklini değiştirmiştir. Bu anlamda destinasyonların geliştirmiş oldukları sanal tur uygulamaları COVID-19 pandemisinde tüketicilere farklı bir alternatif sunmaktadır. COVID-19 pandemisi ile birlikte dünyanın pek çok yerine yapılan seyahatlerin kısıtlandığı bu süreçte, sanal gerçeklik, artırılmış gerçeklik gibi yeni teknolojik uygulamalar ile tüketicilerin istekleri ve talepleri karşılamaktadır. Aynı zamanda müzeler, sanal tur uygulamaları ile bulundukları destinasyonların tanıtımına da katkı sağlamışlardır. Bu araştırmada destinasyon pazarlaması bağlamında müzelerin sanal tur uygulamalarının karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesi ve müzelere ait sanal tur uygulamalarında farklılık olup olmadığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç kapsamında yurt içi ve yurt dışından seçilen iki müzenin sanal tur uygulamaları, kalitatif araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Türkiye’den İstanbul Modern Sanat Müzesi ve İngiltere’den The National Gallery müzeleri, betimsel analiz kapsamında belirlenen destinasyon pazarlama stratejisi ve sanal gerçeklik programlama dili temalarına göre araştırılmıştır. Seçilen her iki müzenin sanal tur uygulamalarının destinasyon pazarlama stratejisi ve sanal gerçeklik programlama dili temalarına göre benzerlik gösterdiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Deep learning in hospitality and tourism: a research framework agenda for future research

Purpose This study aims to provide a systematic review of the existing literature on the applications of deep learning (DL) in hospitality, tourism and travel as well as an agenda for future research. Design/methodology/approach Covering a five-year time span (2017–2021), this study systematically reviews journal articles archived in four academic databases: Emerald Insight, Springer, Wiley Online Library and ScienceDirect. All 159 articles reviewed were characterised using six attributes: publisher, year of publication, country studied, type of value created, application area and future suggestions (and/or limitations). Findings Five application areas and six challenge areas are identified, which characterise the application of DL in hospitality, tourism and travel. In addition, it is observed that DL is mainly used to develop novel models that are creating business value by forecasting (or projecting) some parameter(s) and promoting better offerings to tourists. Research limitations/implications Although a few prior papers have provided a literature review of artificial intelligence in tourism and hospitality, none have drilled-down to the specific area of DL applications within the context of hospitality, tourism and travel. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper represents the first theoretical review of academic research on DL applications in hospitality, tourism and travel. An integrated framework is proposed to expose future research trajectories wherein scholars can contribute significant value. The exploration of the DL literature has significant implications for industry and practice, given that this, as far as the authors know, is the first systematic review of existing literature in this research area.

Application of green tourism in the Mount Rinjani National Park area to support sustainable tourism

The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of green tourism in supporting the concept of sustainable tourism in the Mount Rinjani National Park (Taman Nasional Gunung Rinjani/TNGR) area, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The primary data of this study was generated through interviews with several informants, while the secondary data was obtained through a review of literature, books, journals, and online media. Techniques of data analysis using descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of the study reveal that the application of green tourism in the Mount Rinjani National Park area is quite good. This can be seen from the awareness of the community, organizations and related agencies in carrying out clean up and tree planting activities, both in tourist areas and the tropical rain forest with its rich biodiversity. Additionally, the green tourism concept is able to support sustainable tourism in national park tourism areas, especially in environmental, economic, socio-cultural sustainability, and environmental education.

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) as a Sustainability Concept for Tourist Destinations

In order to meet the needs and requirements of visitors in tourist destinations related to modes of transport, the offer in tourist destinations must satisfy travel habits. The introduction of the MaaS (Mobility as a Service) concept is reflected in the reduction of dependence on private cars. The main objectives of this paper are (1) to explore the MaaS concept, awareness about the concept, its importance and benefits in general and related to tourism in the Republic of Croatia; and (2) to explore the connection between a multimodal mindset about mobility concepts on the very concept of MaaS under the influence of satisfaction using mobility-related applications in tourism. The results of the research confirm a statistically significant relationship between a multimodal mindset (way of thinking) and the MaaS service in the function of tourism, and that relationship is mediated by the satisfaction with the use of mobility-related applications, but also the lack of awareness about the concept itself.

THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIPS MODEL FOR POTENTIAL SMART TOURISM DEVELOPMENT OF RESTAURANT ENTREPRENEURS IN THAILAND TO SUPPORT CHINESE FIT TOURISTS

This study examined the consistency of structural equation modelling showing the hypothesis of the influence of service marketing mix and the application of smart tourism on restaurant entrepreneurs' business performance in Thailand through service quality and empirical data. The sample group consisted of 230 entrepreneurs of small food and beverage businesses in Thailand, serving Chinese FIT tourists. A questionnaire was used to collect data as well as statistical analysis, mean, standard deviation, and creating a causal relationship model of service marketing mix affecting the business performance of restaurant entrepreneurs in Thailand through service quality with linear structural relationships. The results revealed that the developed model was consistent with the empirical data. The service marketing mix had no direct influence on entrepreneurs' business performance, but the service marketing mix had an indirect influence on entrepreneurs' business performance through service quality with statistical significance at .01. While the application of smart tourism had direct influence and had an indirect influence on entrepreneurs' business performance through service quality with statistical significance at .01.

An enabling Framework for Blockchain in Tourism

This viewpoint article proposes an enabling framework that identifies the use of various blockchain technologies in tourism and their applications (digitalization, automation, disintermediation, and intelligent environment) across the different stages of travel (pre-trip, during the trip, and post-trip). As we know, the tourism sector contributes immensely to world GDP and job creation. However, the COVID-19 pandemic, even after two years since it first appeared, continues to adversely impact the tourism prospects of countries across the world due to nationwide lockdowns and travel restrictions. As the world tries to adapt to the “new normal,“ the tourism sector is forced to re-think its ways of doing business and bring about innovations to facilitate the new norms of contactless and safe transactions. Also, the sector, more than ever, need to effectively deal with its inherent challenges such as transparency and credibility of information, fraudulent practices, opportunistic behavior of intermediaries, and foreign currency risks. Blockchain technology can transform the tourism sector by offering innovative solutions that address its pressing issues. However, our current understanding of blockchain application in tourism is quite limited, with previous work being largely fragmented and narrow in terms of both scope and application. We foresee that the insights offered in this viewpoint, including the framework, will advance both theory and practice and facilitate the implementation of blockchain-enabled solutions across different travel stages.

Building effective recommender systems for tourists

AbstractRecommender systems (RSs) are personalized information search and discovery applications helping users to identify and choose useful items and information. In this paper, we focus on the tourism application scenario and its specific requirements. We discuss a novel RS approach that copes with the specific application constraints of the domain and produces recommendations that better match the true needs of tourists. We illustrate the proposed next POI recommendation approach in a case study and we compare it with a state‐of‐the‐art nearest neighbor‐based next item RS. With the analysis of this case study, we aim at illustrating the specific features of the compared approaches also with the goal to raise the discussion on RSs validation methods, with a particular attention to tourism applications. We finally discuss some significant limitations of current evaluation approaches that must be addressed in future studies.

Strategic Management and Crises Management as the Main Pillars of Recovery in the International Tourism and Civil Aviation Transport

Abstract Tourism and air transport are among the sectors most affected by the covid-19 crisis. The pandemic lasting almost two years has been reflected in short-term effects in both sectors, but there are also serious long-term consequences including the impact on quantitative and qualitative employment change. National authorities will have to set recovery plans in accordance with the relevant policies and in international cooperation with public and private entities. The aim of the paper is to identify a set of strategic and crises measures to recover the international tourism and international civil aviation transport in the context of the long-term human resource management and the optimisation of future quality and quantity of human resources in both mentioned sectors. These strategic recommendations are intended for application in national tourism and transport policies. The methodology of the paper is based on current statistical data and strategic documents at the national and international level represented by the international organisations (esp. UNWTO, WTTC, IATA, ICAO, ECAC). Attention is focused on crises management of the public sector entities in terms of the definition and implementation of reconstruction strategies, on private sector stakeholders, on the interconnection of the tourism and air transport sectors, as well as cooperation in the international environment. Methods and tools for the renewal of both sectors are based on a strategic approach of the public sector, support for the introduction of new business models in the private sector, change in the product and marketing mix, digitization, innovation and education.

Consumer Innovativeness and Consumer Engagement: User Motivation As a Mediator

Widely used mobile tourism applications have become a necessary tool for tourists, but few empirical researchers have examined the factors that influence consumer engagement with these applications. In this study we focused mainly on how consumer innovativeness and user motivation influence consumer engagement. We collected data online from 468 participants, and used structural equation modeling to analyze the data. Findings show that consumer innovativeness was positively associated with utilitarian, hedonic, and social user motivations, each of which was positively associated with consumer engagement. In addition, user motivation mediated the consumer innovativeness–consumer engagement relationship.

THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC CONFERENCE ORGANIZATIONS (OIC) IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ISLAMIC TOURISM IN MUSLIM COUNTRIES

Islamic tourism is defined as a tourist trip aimed at providing tourist services and facilities for Muslim tourists in accordance with Islamic principles. There are several terms used in addition to Islamic Tourism, namely Halal Tourism, Sharia Tourism, Muslim-Friendly Tourism. Meanwhile, the Global Muslim Travel Index as an institution that focuses on developing world halal tourism explains that halal tourism is tourism that is carried out in accordance with Islamic principles with the aim of providing friendly facilities and services to Muslim tourists. The problem is the role of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) in the implementation of Islamic Tourism in Muslim countries. The research method is normative juridical research. The conclusion is that the role of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) in the application of Islamic Tourism in Muslim countries can be concluded with sharia tourism which has been introduced since 2000 from the discussion of the meeting of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC). Sharia tourism is a tourist demand based on the lifestyle of Muslim tourists during the holidays. In addition, sharia tourism is tourism that is flexible, rational, simple and balanced. This tourism aims to motivate tourists to get happiness and blessings from Allah SWT. Halal tourism is an adoption of non-Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) countries which see the great potential of Muslim growth around the world. Halal tourism was created to accommodate the needs of worship for Muslims in non-OIC countries, such as the provision of places of worship (mushola) and halal restaurants. Countries that are quick to seize the opportunity of this Muslim-friendly tourism service are Thailand, Japan, Singapore, Korea, Australia, New Zealand, UK, France, Malaysia, and many other countries.

EMPOWERING MSMES IN SUPPORTING THE TOURISM INDUSTRY BY FACILITATING MSMES FEATURES IN SMART TOURISM APPLICATIONS

Background: PT. Yoy International Management is a sharia-based hotel development and management company that formed in October 2020. It was born during the Covid-19 pandemic that hit almost all sectors of the tourism and hospitality industry in the world. PT. Yoy Management take a role in the recovery period and enable the tourism, hospitality and MSME sectors to support tourism by carrying out the sharia concept (trust, transparency, accountability). Objective: To empower MSMEs so that their products or services can be accessed in the Smart Tourism application. Methods: The method used to carry out learning in the form of sharing, focus group discussions and consultation with MSME actors and providing facilities for products and services in smart tourism applications. Sharing session approach as many as 6 activities for 2 months. MSME actors can enter products and services offered to tourists through the Sharia-based Smart Tourism Information System managed by PT. Yoy Management. The total number of MSMEs participating consists of 23 people, i.e. 13% tourism object managers; 21,7% restaurant managers; 17,4% car rental managers; 17,4% MSME managers; 21,7% hotel managers; and 8,7% tourists. Results: Based on questions about the product displayed on the Yoy application, the following answers were obtained: 65,2% very well; 30,4% good; and 4,4% less. Based on questions about tourist payments for service/product orders, the following answers were obtained: 43,5% very easy; 52,9% easy; and 4,3% difficult. Conclusion: The empowerment of MSMEs in the tourism industry is expected to increase MSME income and regional income.

Gamification in Tourism: A Design Framework for the TRIPMENTOR Project

In this paper, we discuss the gamification strategies and methodologies used by TRIPMENTOR—a game-oriented cultural tourism application in the region of Attica. Its primary purpose is to provide visitors with rich media content via the web and mobile environments by redirecting travellers, highlighting points of interest, and providing information for tour operators. Gamification is a critical component of the project; it relates users to specific sites and activities, improves their visiting experiences, and encourages a constant interaction with the application through a playful experience. In TRIPMENTOR, gamification serves both as a tourism marketing strategy and as a tool for encouraging users to share their experiences while exploring Attica in a way designed to meet their personal needs, interests, and habits. This paper aims to describe and analyse the gamification mechanisms applied, following the Octalysis framework, and discuss the opportunities and challenges of gamification as a tourist marketing strategy.

Construction and Design of a Smart Tourism Model Based on Big Data Technologies

With the continuous advancement in technology, the tourism sector has developed to become one of the most important sectors globally in the modern period. These factors have given rise to the concept of “smart tourism,” which can be described as a step forward from conventional tourism. To achieve a true smart tourism experience, the appropriate services must be supplied to the correct user at the right time and in the most efficient and feasible manner. Keeping the importance of technology and tourism in consideration, the proposal and penetration of innovation-driven development strategies and smart tourism have become the focus of attention in the tourism industry at this stage. Smart tourism is comprised of a large number of tourists, devices, and operational processes which generate an enormous volume of tourism data. Handling such large amounts of tourism data in an effective and accurate manner is indeed an important thing to consider. To handle this issue, this study focuses on the construction and design of a smart tourism model based on big data technologies. This study explains in detail the relationship between smart tourism and big data and explores the construction of smart tourism applications in the context of big data. By explaining the relationship between smart tourism and big data, it is pointed out that the development of smart tourism needs to rely on the construction of a smart tourism application model under the background of big data. To this end, the role of smart tourism, building smart tourism platforms, improving information sharing mechanisms, exploring the implementation path of smart tourism application models, and further promoting the development of smart tourism, is of a great interest for the enterprises, scholars, and tourists. The proposed model is expected to be of a great help for the tourism industry.

User Experience Guidelines of Augmented Reality Application for Historical Tourism

User Experience Guidelines of Augmented Reality Application for Historical Tourism

Simulation of Colonial Building Reconstruction in Jakarta Old Town Through Augmented Reality

Augmented reality (AR) is a trending technology with many potential applications. In architecture, AR can help visualize and document historic buildings by virtual reconstruction. Colonial buildings in Jakarta Old Town are cultural heritage buildings that are vulnerable to damage by aging and environmental factors. The mitigation of this damage as the first step toward restoration is important. The storage and maintenance of records of threatened buildings for posterity are also important. The objective of this study is to develop a methodology for AR-based reconstruction. AR technology is implemented through mobile phones or smartphones. The modeling process is simple and interactive and has potential applications in both education and tourism. The reconstruction method of colonial buildings uses markerless AR and a database of historical knowledge of colonial architecture. The architectural style is identified using the database. Then, an AR-Reconstruction prototype, which provides a visual description of the building reconstruction process using 3D graphics animation models of colonial buildings, is developed. The model reproduces the building in its original condition and actual location. In the trial run, access to building details is delayed. Therefore, in the future, the geometric details and marker quality need to be optimized.

SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS UNTUK PEMETAAN PARIWISATA KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR BERBASIS WEB

Karanganyar is an area that has diverse tourism potential. In the delivery of tourist information for now is still in the form of books, posters, pamphlets, and brochures. Currently the number of tourist visits has decreased due to less effective promotions. The purpose of utilizing the web-based Geographic Information System (SIG) so that prospective tourists can find the location of tourist attractions interactively, the hope is to be used as information on Karanganyar regency attractions to all communities in various parts of the world quickly, accurately and thoroughly. This SIG can also provide information about the activities that take place (events) in the tourist attraction and mileage so that it is expected to influence prospective tourists to visit. System Development methods and their analysis use linear sequential methods (Waterfall) and structured modeling. Through this research, the results are a SIG application for Mapping Tourism of Web-Based Karanganyar Regency that is able to provide information to prospective tourists about the location of tourist attractions, infrastructure facilities and distance information.

Perbandingan Relational Database dan Non-Relational Database dalam Pengembangan Smart Tourism

The smart tourism application that is built cannot be separated from the role of the database. The more data stored in a database system, it will affect the speed of access of the information system that uses it. This study will test the performance of query response time between two types of databases with 92 data records of tourist attractions, 106 restaurants and 59 lodging data. Tests were carried out on Data Manipulation Language (DML), aggregate function testing, and logical operator testing. The result of this study is that Non-relational databases are proven to be superior in the DML testing process (insert, select, update, and delete) than Relational Databases. For the process of testing logical operators (AND, OR, and NOT) Non-relational databases are proven to be superior to Relational Databases. In the MIN aggregate function test the results are the same, while the MAX Relational Database aggregate function test is superior to the Non-relational database.

Perancangan Software The Smart Tourism Bali Dengan Android

Tourism is an important sector in the development of a region. Especially for the island of Bali. It is not uncommon for Bali to be one of the largest contributors to tourism revenue in Indonesia. Almost every corner of the island of Bali has extraordinary tourism potential. One of them is Jembrana Regency, where Jembrana Regency is the gateway to the island of Bali which clearly has a very ideal geographical location and has its own tourist attraction. Along with technological developments, namely Smartphones and Android operating systems which are very widely used by humans. Android has an open source system where anyone can create an application that will be paired with the Android system. By utilizing the Geographic Information System (GIS) it is very easy to find tourist location points. and can easily add new tourist points. The Water Fall development method was chosen because it has structured stages with each stage having to be completed before the next stage. Therefore, there is a Curik Bali the Smart Tourism Application Design with Android which will be an application to introduce every tourist place in Jembrana Regency.

Automatic geo‐localization framework without GNSS data

The information unavailability of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) for geo-localization in many military and tourism applications implies the need to employ other applicable types of information, such as automatic image-based location recognition. Unlike most existing localization methods that use GNSS information to locate an initial position, this paper proposes an automatic geo-localization framework that does not require GNSS data. The proposed framework is a two-stage pipeline that uses a query image and digital elevation model (DEM) data as input. The authors frame automatic geo-localization without GNSS recordings as a skyline matching problem. By extracting the skyline from the DEM data and query images, the query image can be localized by matching the query skyline feature to the DEM skyline database. It has been demonstrated that this low-cost approach can perform efficiently in mountainous or hilly areas to produce reliable localization results. The system was tested on 50 testing site points within a large-scale area (China, 202.6 km2), and an average position error of 43.13 m was detected within 4.5 s.