Total Shipments Research Articles

Industry analysis of the competitiveness of Rostselmash as a major manufacturer of agricultural machinery

The article discusses issues related to the industry competitiveness of Rostselmash in the context of agricultural machinery for various purposes and performance classes. As estimated indicators, the total turnover in the direction of grain and forage harvesters, market capacity, total shipments of combines, etc. are highlighted. The analysis of the mutual conditionality of grain prices, effective demand and the world's shifting grain residues is given. A significant part of the article is devoted to assessing the competitive position of Rostselmash in the domestic market and the markets of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine in the context of grain and forage harvesting equipment and combines of various performance classes. The reasons for the weakening of certain positions and the strengthening of others are analyzed. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects of strengthening positions in the competitive struggle in the designated markets. The illustrative material contains bar charts of the dynamics of the total turnover of Rostselmash grain and forage harvesters for the analyzed period, the Russian market of combine harvesters, the market share of Rostselmash, the fleet of combine harvesters of the Russian Federation, the total shipments of grain and forage harvesters Rostselmash in the Russian Federation and for export, the export of Rostselmash machinery to foreign countries.

Regional Analysis of U.S. Lumber Exports for Important Hardwood Species from 1990 to 2020

Abstract In 1990, Europe, North America, and the Asian democracies of Japan, Taiwan, and South Korea (JTK) were the major export markets for U.S. hardwood lumber and oak species accounted for 59 percent of total exports. In the 1990s, shipments to Europe and North America increased, while shipments to JTK declined. During the early 2000s, exports to China and Vietnam (CHV) increased. The worldwide recession of 2009 caused exports to decline in all regions, and oak species accounted for 37 percent of total shipments that year. Since 2010, CHV has become the most important export market for all species except maple. In 2020, oak species accounted for 43 percent of total export volume, and walnut ranked third in value of shipments. An examination of imputed prices found that exports tend to be composed of mid- to higher-quality hardwood lumber. Since 1997, real prices of exported lumber have declined for most species, and this decline occurred concurrently with increased U.S. sawtimber volume. In the 1990s, increased exports expanded the market for domestically produced hardwood lumber. Since the early 2000s, increased lumber exports have partially countered reduced domestic demand and have acted as a hedge against greater declines in overall demand for U.S. hardwood lumber.

Foldable Market Expands with Samsung, Microsoft Offerings

Foldable Market Expands with Samsung, Microsoft Offerings

Xiaomi invades the smartphone market in India

The case study is based on Xiaomi Corporation, a Chinese Public company, headquartered in Beijing, China. Xiaomi (the word Xiaomi means millet which means a “grain” that is a staple diet in various parts of the world) is the world’s fourth largest smartphone (a smartphone is a mobile phone with various functions of a computer) company based on total shipments. It produces low-cost but high specification smartphones. Xiaomi which has emerged as the top smartphone brand in India also manufactures consumer electronics and mobile apps. Currently, Xiaomi revenue comes from the sale of products like smartphones, Iot, lifestyle products, advertising services and internet value-added services (which include online games). According to IDC India, Xiaomi has 29.7% of market share at the end of Q218. The organization has achieved an astounding growth. Xiaomi’s India revenue jumped 175% in 2017–2018 to Rs. 230.6 billion year on year. The firm that sells smartphones under the brand Redmi and Mi had a net profit of Rs. 2.93 bn in 2017–2018 (according to IDC, Counterpoint Research). Xiaomi Corporation which was founded in April 2010 was listed in the Hong Kong stock exchange on July 9, 2018. Xiaomi being the “Coolest Company” in the heart of its users is committed to continuous innovation. Xiaomi has launched its first smartphone in August 2011 and became the largest smartphone company in China by 2014. Xiaomi the Bengaluru headquartered firm has entered the Indian market on July 15, 2014, in partnership with Flipkart to sell its smartphone with a concept of Flash sales. It has become a global player from a startup company in smartphone market in a span of not even a decade. Samsung of South Korea and Xiaomi of China are expected to continue their fight for top slot in 2019. The study aims to analyse the Indian smartphone market with the business model, marketing mix and innovative strategies of Xiaomi in order to identify its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges. The finding indicates that the company needs to focus on improving its product quality, advertising and distribution network to face fierce competition. Through the innovative strategies of Xiaomi, it is likely to become a game changer in the near future.

Global exchange of Cord Blood Units in 2018

Background & Aim A key project of the World Marrow Donor Association (WMDA) is the annual global trends report, which has become an established instrument to describe the current status of haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) donation worldwide. The report is used to observe trends and changes in number and stem cell source of HSC donations as well as the global exchange of these products. Methods, Results & Conclusion Methods: Organisations worldwide are asked to report data on the number of unrelated volunteer donors and cord blood products listed in their database, as well as the number and cell source of HSC donations provided and to which countries. The data collection has been done through an online questionnaire and the data is automatically stored in an online database. Quality control measures include data validation checks within the reporting system as well as manual data checks done by the WMDA staff. For this abstract we have looked specifically at the global exchange of cord blood units (CBUs) in 2018 compared to 2012. The last year we saw an increase in the shipments of CBUs globally was 2012, which is why we choose to compare to 2012. Additionally, we have calculated the 2018 CBU shipping rates relative to the number of CBUs available. The number of national shipments is included in these shipping rates. Results In 2018, 2.783 CBUs were shipped globally; 419 (15%) were shipped outside of the country of origin and 2.364 (85%) CBUs were shipped nationally (graph 1). In 2012, 4.150 CBUs were shipped globally; 870 (21%) were exported and 3.280 (79%) CBUs were shipped nationally (graph 2). In the past six years, WMDA has observed a 33% (1.376 CBUs) decrease in total shipments, 52% (451 CBUs) in exported shipments and 28% (916 CBUs) decrease in national shipments. The decrease was observed on all continents except Asia. The top 10 shipping rates for CBUs were seen in Japan, UK, China, USA, France, Canada, Spain and Singapore (table 1). Over 95% of the globally used CBUs are provided by these 10 countries. Over 13 countries have a cord blood bank operational and provided less than 5 CBUs and 9 countries did not ship any CBU in 2018. Conclusions The past six years, the WMDA has observed a dropdown in the use of CBUs on a global level. While there is a global decrease in the use of the CBUs, this trend is not observed in Asia. The global CBUs provision is facilitated by a small number of countries.

How Production Factors Affect Sustainable Development in a Region

The paper assesses how production factors affect the sustainable development of Yakutia, a Russian region. The function of sustainable development assumed here is the total shipments of the region’s administrative districts. The function of territorial arrangement of production has the following factors as variables: agglomeration, labor, capital, and infrastructure security. Analysis uses statistics on those factors over 2006-2017, operational data from sectoral ministries, and the 2002/2010 National Census data. The research applies integral assessment of the factors reduced to dimensionless values of 0 to 10 for comparability. Shipments are adjusted for inflation, with 2006 prices being used as the baseline. For price comparison, the value products shipped from industrial districts at global prices is adjusted for exchange rate fluctuations. The next step is to compute the coefficients of correlation between these factors and the total shipments with a breakdown by type: agriculture vs industry. A sufficient retrospective, an array of comparable data, and multiple correlation analysis have produced an output that is close to the actual situation in the region’s economy.

Collusive Investments in Technological Compatibility: Lessons from U.S. Railroads in the Late 19th Century

Collusion is widely condemned for its negative effects on consumer welfare and market efficiency. In this paper, I show that collusion may also in some cases facilitate the creation of unexpected new sources of value. I bring this possibility into focus through the lens of a historical episode from the 19th century, when colluding railroads in the U.S. South converted 13,000 miles of railroad track to standard gauge over the course of two days in 1886, integrating the South into the national transportation network. Route-level freight traffic data reveal that the gauge change caused a large shift in market share from steamships to railroads, but did not affect total shipments or prices on these routes. Guided by these results, I develop a model of compatibility choice in a collusive market and argue that collusion may have enabled the gauge change to take place as it did, while also tempering the effects on prices and total shipments. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.

Adoption of Falsified Medical Products in a Low-Income Country: Empirical Evidence for Suriname

Based on detailed shipping figures for Suriname’s main harbour in Paramaribo, we estimate the total shipments (in kilograms) of original and falsified medical products for 1996–2008 across five product categories. Using various time series techniques and diffusion models, we document that total cumulative shipments of falsified products make about 40% of total shipments. We observe that there are apparently two distinct sets of consumers for original and for falsified products. Subsequently, we survey more than 300 citizens of Suriname from various demographics and ask questions about their potential adoption of falsified medicines. We find that income, age, and family size have no correlation, while the way people are insured does. Hence, the two sets of consumers can roughly be identified and clear-cut policy suggestions are presented. “The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that up to 1% of medicines available in the developed world is likely to be counterfeited. This figure rises to 10% globally, although in some developing countries they estimate one third of medicines are counterfeit” (Various internet sites consulted January 2010 and the best estimate we have).

Analysis of Data Mining for Forecasting Total Goods Delivery with Moving Average Method

In the logistics and distribution of goods, the expedition service is necessary, because the expedition is an important part of a business that has a strong attachment to the distribution. The number of deliveries from an expedition per period is uncertain, sometimes the number increases or decreases. This may result in an imbalance between existing facilities and employees and the number of shipments from customers or company policies. To overcome this, required forecasting techniques that are able to predict total shipments, as well as predict which goods and products are the most widely sent. The moving average method using the last 5 period data is used as a way of forecasting. MAPE (Mean Absolute % Error) is used as a test method, and a result of 34 %, indicates that the method is feasible to use.

Examining a potential brown treesnake transport pathway: shipments from Guam

Shipments of cargo and household goods have been identifi ed as pathways for brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis) transport from Guam to other locations. We analyzed data regarding shipments of military household goods leaving Guam during 2006 to 2009 to identify the potential for human transport of brown treesnakes to the United States by determining when shipments most commonly occur and identifying primary receiving areas. We found that the number of shipments was highest during the months of May and June and that California receives more shipments (23% of total shipments) than any other location. Approximately 98% of shipments originated from the U.S. Navy and U.S. Air Force, with naval shipments increasing over time. Guam is currently undergoing a military buildup during which shipments are expected to increase, suggesting the need for increased vigilance and prioritization of inspection efforts.

Spanish photovoltaic learning curve

Abstract Learning by doing, or learning through market experience, reduces costs for energy productiontechnologies. This phenomenon is modelled by using experience curves which reflect the changes in thecost of the technology as it becomes increasingly used. This article calculates the Spanish photovoltaic(PV) learning curve over the period 2001–12 by using cost data from the PV sector itself (installers,distributors and even engineers) and determines the accuracy of the obtained progress ratio by using boththe coefficient of determination R 2 and also the error s PR , which is directly determined from fitting thedata. The results show a curve with a strong structural change in the speed of cost reduction in October2009. Keywords: learning curve; renewable energy policy; feed in tariff; Spanish photovoltaic learning rate Received 16 June 2013; revised 21 March 2014; accepted 25 July 2014 1 INTRODUCTION Experience curves have been widely used in the literature as amethod for cost forecasting in new technologies. Photovoltaictechnologies have been using this methodology in recent yearsnot only inorder toestimatefuturecosts,butalsoasakeydrivingforce for incorporating endogenous technological change intolarge-scaleenergy–environmental–economy models[1].Those models gave fundamental insights and analysis of theenergy mix under different scenarios and also gave an overviewof the effectiveness of environmental policies. Although themethodology is widely accepted, it is important to mention theintrinsic difficulty involved in the calculation methodology bynon-linear systems, as well as the problem of non-convexity ofthe system.Initially, most academics were studying the learning curve as aglobal trend in the market, as modules are marketed internation-ally, by using either total shipments or total production from thesector. Later when different countries started to publish the Feedin Tariffs (hereinafter FIT) policies, there was a shift to either cu-mulative capacity or gross electricity production as the studieswerefocusingonmodellingtheevolutionoftheenergy mix.The study of local learning rates (hereinafter LRs) is ratherrecent. For example, looking into the relevant literature we canfind the calculations for Germany, the Netherlands or the USAover different time periods, for the complete system so SystemLR (modules, inverters, wiring, labour cost and project and ad-ministrative cost) or for individual components such asmodules, inverters or BOS (BOS: balance of system: a namegiven to the system without the panels) obtaining a partial LR(BOS LR, modules LRor inverter LR).After 10 years of solar PV promotion in Spain it is interestingto look at the Spanish figures, in terms of cost of the installationsfor end purchasers together with the achieved cumulative cap-acity and calculate a sector experience curve during this periodof time. This figure will give us an evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of the policy measures over the time and it will alsobe a base for calculating the social benefit obtained with the ap-plication of FIT policies; the most widely used subsidy whenpromoting photovoltaic installations.This article collects the installation system costs from theperiod 2001 to 2012 for calculating the Spanish learning curveand its LR and determines the accuracy of the obtained rates byusing both the coefficient of determination R

The Fortescue story – from exploration to the third largest iron ore producer in Australia

In late 2003 Fortescue Metals Group Ltd commenced exploration for iron ore in the Pilbara region of WA using a new exploration model. This paper describes the steps from exploration discovery in 2004 of the Cloudbreak and Christmas Creek deposits to the rapid establishment of an integrated iron mining, processing and infrastructure project by 15 May 2008, when the first shipment of iron ore departed for China. Production from the Cloudbreak and Christmas Creek mine in the 12 months to 30 June 2010 resulted in total shipments of 38·9 million wet metric tonnes with a grade of 58·8%Fe (64·0%Fe calcined), 4·6%SiO2, 2·06%Al2O3 and 0·052%P. The project success depended on many technical breakthroughs including a new exploration model, application of the surface miner as the main mining production unit, a processing flowsheet for upgrading of 2·4%Al2O3 run-of-mine to 1·9%Al2O3 in product, design of a new fine ore product, 40 t axle loads for the heavy haul railway and a high capacity highly automated port facility.

The rolling road between the Italian and French Alps: modeling the modal split

A proposal for evaluating the attractiveness of the first European ro–ro service based on traditional bogies is presented, to estimate to what extent its realization is able to influence distribution of freight transport, between the traditional road transport and the new alternative available, through the specification and calibration of a modal split model (Logit), based on random utility theory. For the scenarios analyzed, the model estimates that nearly 4% of the total shipments would use the ro–ro service, when its frequency is four journeys per day, and about 9%, in the case of increased frequency to ten.

Gigabit Ethernet and structured cabling

In today's commercial environment, many organisations depend upon their local-area networks (LAN) and information technology infrastructure for growth, competitiveness and also for sharing of resources, information and applications. More and more users are being networked to provide connectivity to an increasing number of complex and mission-critical corporate applications. More than 80% of the installed network connections were Ethernet by the end of 1996, making it the most popular networking technology in use today. Fast and Gigabit Ethernet have become the leading choices for high-speed LANs. As the use of Fast Ethernet connections to the desktop increases, an even higher speed networking technology at the backbone and server level will be required. Hence, early implementation of Gigabit Ethernet technology will be in high-speed backbones, server connections and specialised workgroups. The total shipments of Gigabit Ethernet products for 1999 exceed 1.5 million ports. This paper describes the Gigabit Ethernet technology, its design and cabling requirements.

State economic growth and international export orientation

This paper examines the relationship between the degree of state international export orientation and US state industrial growth rates. Both export orientation variables as well as domestic factors were used to analyse the extent of their effect on state industrial growth from 1977 to 1987. The results indicate that state export promotion expenditures were not significant in influencing domestic employment growth, while the variable was negatively correlated with export employment growth. However, a high proportion of exports to total shipments in the initial year, was significant in explaining state industrial growth rates. An important result was that states exporting to growing regions experienced higher growth rates, indicating that world demand influences state economic growth. Furthermore, the domestic market potential had a strong positive influence on all measures of growth including the export sector, providing support for the notion that US economic growth is largely driven by the domestic market. A surprising result was that relative capital endowment was not significantly correlated with growth in the export sector, while it was negatively correlated with domestic and total employment growth rates.

Canadian Exporting and Non-exporting Apparel Firms: An Analysis of Manager-Related Variables

The Canadian apparel industry has experienced erosion of its market share to imported products. Exporting is a strategy to counteract this situation, yet only about 3% of total Canadian apparel shipments are exported. The purpose of this study was to examine the attitudes of Canadian apparel CEOs toward exporting and compare characteristics of exporters and non exporters. A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to 511 apparel manufacturers, with 56 usable questionnaires returned. Results of t-tests, indicated that CEOs of non-exporting firms perceived exporting to be more complicated than did CEOs of exporting firms. CEOs of exporting firms tended to have higher educational levels and were more likely to have traveled to the U.S. than CEOs of non-exporting firms.

Economic outlook for the U.S. printing and publishing industry

The year 1996 should be another good one for U.S. printers and publishers. The cost pressures of 1994–95 should ease, and a stable economy with low inflation should support growth in demand for printed products. The impact of the electronic media may become further apparent in some product sectors, but a severely adverse impact on any of these sectors is unlikely. Total shipments of U.S. products printed on paper has spawned an industry of well over $200 billion, and the growth prospects for U.S. printers and publishers remain undiminished.

The Gini Index and the Measurement of Multidimensional Inequality

This article examines the use of the Gini Index for the measurement of the degree of inequality among or heterogeneity across the categorizations. The Gini Index may be used to measure such as heterogeneity. Both row vector and column vector are ranked by decreasing value of the average income of each income class. The proportion of total shipments in each cell is given by the following matrix of the values while the expected proportion of total shipment in each cell is given by the matrix corresponding to the product of the margins.

The value of PL 480: A fresh look at PL 480, Title II

The main purpose of US Public Law 480 is to make food available to deficit countries on concessional or credit terms by using domestic US agricultural surpluses. Food aid under Title I is intended to provide a resource transfer to resource-poor countries; Title II (Food for Peace) shipments are intended for famine relief, the alleviation of malnutrition, and are generally targeted at the neediest people, especially children, in poor countries. Under Title III, sales proceeds are earmarked for programmes for agricultural development. The following three articles illustrate differing beliefs held about the effectiveness of PL 480 food aid, and particularly the value of Food for Peace. Table 1 shows the total shipments and budgeted acquisitions under Title II.

Tire industry changing in face of problems

It is hardly any surprise, considering the state of the automobile industry, that the tire industry also is in trouble. Last year shipments of passenger tires in the U.S. dropped 10.3% from 1978 to 174 million. Tires made for the replacement market fell 9.8% to 122 million, and original equipment tires (those made for new cars) fell 12.4% to 48 million. In fact, total shipments of passenger tires last year dropped below 1974 levels, when about 175 million passenger tires were shipped. Passenger tires account for about 80% of all tire shipments in the U.S. The picture thus far for 1980 is even more dismal. Through April total shipments of passenger tires were off 22.8% from the first four months of 1979 to 46.8 million. Replacement tire shipments fell 20.5% to 32.2 million, and original equipment tire shipments plummeted 29.5% to 13.2 million from levels of the first four months of 1979. These figures are ...