Top-level Design Research Articles

Construction of a Service System for Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents in Universities Based on Entrepreneurship Ecosystem

Analyze the current situation and shortcomings of innovation and entrepreneurship services in universities, identify and analyze the key factors and ability needs that affect the current innovation and entrepreneurship capabilities of college students, and propose to build a talent training and service system for innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities from the aspects of school top-level design, service ecosystem construction, and resource connection Ideas.

Study on the Indirect Liability of Interactive Live Streaming Platforms in Internet Copyright Infringement Disputes

At present, the principle of no-fault liability or indirect liability of platforms has not been established in Internet short video infringement disputes, resulting in the confusion in judicial practice and the dilemma of the copyright protection for live broadcasters. It is necessary to combine the theory of interest measurement and the principle of indirect responsibility, refer to the relevant legislation in foreign countries improve the relevant legislative spirit and basic principles at the top-level design level as soon as possible, unify the scale of adjudication and tighten the net of comprehensive judicial protection of copyright of live broadcasters on internet platforms.

On the Reform of Ideological and Political Education in Major of International Chinese Education

In the new era, colleges and universities adhere to the principle of taking moral education as the fundamental task of education in China. Taking the course Introduction to Chinese International Education as an example, the paper discusses how to carry out ideological and political teaching in International Chinese Education major. The research shows that it is an effective way to realize ideological and political education by doing a good job in the top-level design of ideological and political courses, exploring the ideological and political elements in the courses through multiple ways, adopting multiple teaching methods and multi-dimensional ideological and political teaching models, and implementing multiple and multi-agent evaluation.

What Affects the Level of Rural Human Settlement? A Case Study of Tibet, China

Rural human settlement is an important factor in the sustainable development of the rural economy and society, and improving rural human settlement is an important task for China’s rural revitalization strategy. Based on the human settlement framework, this study constructed a comprehensive evaluation index system to evaluate the rural human settlement by calculating the rural human settlement index (RHSI) in Tibet. The results showed that: (1) The natural subsystem is extremely vulnerable. In recent years, the anti-interference ability and natural restoration ability of the ecosystem have gradually increased. Changes in population size, structure, and scale have made the level of the human subsystem lower. From the perspective of drinking water, communication and housing, the human settlement level of the residential subsystem was gradually improved. The construction of rural infrastructure was increasingly improved, driving the level of the supporting subsystem to improve. Furthermore, income and livelihood diversity were the key to improving the social subsystem; (2) From the perspective of the comprehensive index, the level of rural human settlement in Tibet showed a trend of significant improvement; (3) In terms of the explanatory power, the explanatory power of the five subsystems were quite different. The basic dimensions (natural subsystem, human subsystem, residential subsystem) lagged behind the development of the dominant dimensions (supporting subsystem, social subsystem). There were inconsistencies and mismatches. The recommended measures involve strengthening the top-level design of the planning of rural human settlement in farming and pastoral areas, and improving and strengthening the construction of rural infrastructure to improve the responsiveness of rural human settlement in Tibet.

Study on the Digital Transformation Capability of Cost Consultation Enterprises Based on Maturity Model

The digital maturity model (DMM) can help enterprises scientifically evaluate their digital maturity level, identify their weaknesses, and then further formulate improvement strategies. Most of the existing relevant studies focus on the Internet industry, new retail industry, and manufacturing industry, while discussion on other industries is rare. The cost consultation industry is a typical data-intensive industry. The study on its digital transformation capacity is a response to the digital cost trend in the current engineering field. The purpose of this paper is to build a DMM to evaluate the digital maturity level of cost consultation enterprises. Based on capability maturity theory and industry characteristics, the key dimensions and specific evaluation index system of the digital transformation of cost consultation enterprises are determined by using literature analysis, expert interview, and other methods, and a DMM of cost consultation enterprises is built. The model covers six dimensions, namely, top-level design, infrastructure, cost consultation business process, professional management, comprehensive integration, and digital cost performance, which are divided into 18 categories and 61 domains. On this basis, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation are comprehensively used to evaluate the digital maturity. Finally, a benchmark central enterprise in China’s high-speed rail industry, the Institute of Industry and Economics, China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co., Ltd. is selected for the case study. Results show that this enterprise, as a whole, is at the digital pioneer level. However, the effects of professional management and comprehensive integration are general, which should be the future improvement direction of digital transformation. This paper can provide the theoretical reference for the digital transformation of the cost consultation industry.

The Basic Status, Features, and Shortcomings of Coordinated Development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Regions

Since 2014, when the concept of coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region was first proposed, BTH cooperative development and the co-construction of three regional city clusters as a major national development strategy have made great achievements in top-level design, industrial docking, and ecological environment. Using the literature review method, this paper summarizes and analyze the development concept, the direction of talent flow, the industrial situation, and its deficiencies in resource flow and education development in the coordinated development of the BTH region. The coordinated development of the BTH region in 2035, is believed to have improved in the sharing of regional resources, further narrowed the development gap among the three regions, and created a new pattern of BTH cooperative development, with a world-class city cluster in the BTH region.

Optimization Strategy of Regular NoC Mapping Using Genetic-Based Hyper-Heuristic Algorithm

Mapping optimization of network-on-chips (NoCs) for specific applications has become one of the most important keys of the SoC top-level design. However, the topology of NoC applied is usually regular topology, such as mesh, torus, etc., which may generate a large number of isomorphic solutions during the process of NoC mapping, which may reduce the convergence speed of mapping algorithms. In this paper, we proposed a generic-based hyper-heuristic algorithm named IRC-GHH for NoC mapping. To reduce the influence of isomorphic solutions, we analyzed the symmetry of NoC topology and proposed crossover operators based on the isomorphic solution to optimize the algorithm. We studied the situation of invalid crossovers and eliminated invalid iterations by adopting an isomorphic replacement crossover (IRC) strategy. To prevent the algorithm from falling into evolutionary stagnation in the late iteration, we introduce an adaptive mechanism to increase the usage frequency of the IRC operator automatically. Compared with GHH without IRC, the GHH with IRC can achieve, on average 15.25% communication energy reduction and 7.84% communication delay reduction.

To What Extent Does Environmental Regulation Influence Emission Reduction? Evidence from Local and Neighboring Locations in China

Setting environmental regulation policy is an important practice to reach the goal of ecological environmental protection. By establishing fixed effects and spatial spillover models, this paper examines the relationship between the environmental regulation of carbon emissions and the impact on spatial spillovers. The results of our analysis show that: 1. environmental regulation has significant inhibitory effects on carbon emissions, which is beneficial to carbon dioxide emission reduction, and 2. environmental regulation has a significant inhibitory impact on local carbon emissions but increases carbon emissions in neighboring locations. Therefore, in order to achieve the aim of carbon emission reduction, appropriate environmental regulation policies should be established, which, in turn, would provide better coordination of the carbon emission relationship between different regions. Meanwhile, environmental regulation plays an important role in protecting the environment. To strengthen environmental governance and promote the coordinated development of regional carbon emission reduction, we need to implement a top-level design of environmental regulation and build a market-oriented environmental regulation system.

Impact of the participation of rural households in the appraisal on poor households' identification.

Developing countries have common goals of poverty eradication and improving people’s livelihoods. As the largest developing country, China has made remarkable achievements in poverty alleviation during the 30 years of reform. Although a targeted poverty alleviation mechanism was established by the Chinese government in 2013, the identification of poor households has been an arduous journey. Based on a total of 688 samples of grassroots officials and 2,621 rural households from 69 village-level divisions in 9 provinces in China, this study conducted cross-validation on the impact of the participation of rural households in the identifying poor households that required government assistance. This was from the perspectives of grassroots officials and rural households. It was investigated whether this participation led to an anomaly between the identification of poor households and the actual situation. Empirical results show that the participation of rural households in appraisals significantly increases the probability of identifying a non-poor household as a poor household (first error) and decreases the probability of failing to identify a poor household as a poor household (second error). As the impact of the first error is greater than that of the second error, the participation of rural households in appraisals has the overall effect of increasing the incorrect registrations of poor households. These results are still valid after addressing the self-selection problem. For other developing countries to successfully apply effort into poverty alleviation, in addition to focusing on increasing farmers’ participation in public affairs, they should prevent any bias that may be caused by farmers’ participation in public affairs; strengthen publicity and guidance; focus on the nurture of officials; perfect top-level design; and set clearer targets for poverty alleviation policies.

The Top Order: The Top Rule of Law to Prevent and Severely Punish Women Trafficking

Preventing and severely punishing women trafficking is the core demand of women’s rights and interests protection in the current and future periods. The rampant crime of women’s trafficking is a direct destruction of people’s good life, and more seriously infringes on basic human rights, which is incompatible with the construction of China under the rule of law in the new era. Currently, China has multiple legislative and law enforcement shortcomings in preventing and severely punishing the trafficking and buying of women and children, and has downplayed the social triggers that trigger trafficking. Thus, it is necessary to re-examine the mechanisms that generate the trafficking phenomenon. The National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee represent the interests and will of the people and should respond to the major social concerns of women’s rights and interests protection. For this reason, the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee should perform their duties in accordance with the law and make the top-level design at the highest level, which will help enforce the above orders and strengthen the protection of citizens’ rights and interests. To this end, the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee can shape the rule of law to prevent and severely punish women’s abduction and trafficking by issuing the National People’s Congress decisions, improving the legal system, strengthening legal supervision and eradicating the soil of crime.

The Innovation and Development Path of Cultural and Creative Industries in Anhui Province, China: Nvivo12-Based Policy Text Analysis.

The policy planning of cultural and creative industries is the leading factor affecting the development of cultural and creative industries and is also an important factor in driving China's economic transformation. How to combine the policy with the actual industrial development and how to scientifically assess the construction effect of cultural and creative industries and build the corresponding planning system are the key points of the current development of cultural and creative industries in Anhui Province, China. The study first analyzes the regional cultural characteristics and development status of Anhui Province, then uses Nvivo12 qualitative software to conduct grounded research and qualitative text analysis on 20 Chinese cultural and creative industry development policy texts, and summarizes three core elements that promote the development of China's cultural and creative industry: “development task,” “development goal,” and “development guarantee.” Then, according to the three core elements of the text, we propose policy recommendations for the innovation and development of Anhui's cultural and creative industries: focus on “cultural heritage and sustainable development” policy formulation, explore Anhui's regional characteristics and culture; strengthen the development of urban-rural cultural integration and mechanism innovation; optimize and adjust the structure and supply of cultural industries; top-level design to clarify the strategic direction of culture, and coordinate the research tasks to empower industrial innovation. Relying on new media means, it integrates three major development strategies to build a new mechanism for internationalized communication of cultural and creative industries in Anhui Province, develop regional advantageous industries, form advantageous cultural industry clusters, effectively spread local culture, and promote sustainable development of local economy.

Impacts of urbanization at city cluster scale on ecosystem services along an urban-rural gradient: a case study of Central Yunnan City Cluster, China.

Urban agglomeration will be the main mode of future urbanization in China, greatly influencing social and economic development and ecosystem protection at the whole city cluster scale. It is important to analyze the impacts of large-scale, scattered land use and cover change (LUCC) consisting of one-pole-multi-point urbanization in city clusters on regional ecosystem services (ESs), so as to increase ecological security and maintain ES levels. Using the urban-rural gradient analysis method (UGAM), this study examined driver-response mechanisms of large-scale, scattered agglomeration urbanization on ESs along an urban-rural gradient and at a regional scale. This was done by simulating and analyzing tempo-spatial variations in ES characteristics along concentric ring gradients in the Central Yunnan City Cluster (CYCC) under its present urbanization path. The results showed that rapid urban sprawl is the main driver affecting the integral value of ESs in CYCC and that ES trade-offs (through LUCC caused by urbanization) between adjacent zones along the urban-rural gradient will particularly exacerbate the degradation of integral ES levels. Hence, CYCC should follow a sustainable, eco-friendly urbanization path and consider ecological principles and the impact of LUCC on regional ESs along the urban-rural gradient in top-level design and decision-making on urban planning and strategic land use management. Differentiated regional development policies should be formulated for each area, the urban-rural development pattern and layout optimized, the scale of construction land rationally controlled, and the overall efficiency of land use improved. Ecological buffers should be set up around areas with sharp and obvious changes in land use, to alleviate the negative impact of large-scale, decentralized city cluster urbanization on regional ESs.

Study of the Effect of China’s Emissions Trading Scheme on Promoting Regional Industrial Carbon Emission Reduction

The creation of carbon emissions trading markets is a core policy for realizing China’s twin objectives of reaching a peak in CO2 emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. Given that industry is the most significant energy consumer and CO2 emitter, it is imperative to implement carbon reducing initiatives to attain these goals. Following the implementation of carbon emissions trading pilots in China, this article theoretically analyzes the mechanisms of action and paths of influence of China’s carbon trading policies on regional industrial carbon emissions. Then, regarding the trading rights policies launched in 2013 as a quasi-natural experiment, this study uses provincial panel data and industry data from 2003 to 2016 to empirically test the effect of carbon trading on industrial emissions by employing the difference-in-difference and difference-in-difference-in-difference methods. It was found that carbon emissions trading can promote a reduction in regional industrial carbon emissions, achieving the dual aims of reducing total emissions and reducing emission intensity. The reduction effect occurs after the implementation of the carbon trading market policies. The carbon trading policies reduced regional industrial emissions by optimizing regional industrial structures and increasing regional technological innovation. It was also found that reductions in carbon emissions were heterogeneous among industries. These research conclusions will help to improve the top-level design of China’s industrial energy saving and carbon reduction policies and to achieve low-carbon and green industrial development.

Research on the Integration of Innovation Elements into the Digital Transformation of Higher Vocational Specialty under the Background of Digital Economy

Innovation’is a key word in the digital economy era. In recent years, innovation elements have become an important content of innovation theory research. Professional digital transformation is an innovative development activity of higher vocational colleges, which will inevitably integrate innovative elements and play its role. The digital transformation of specialty also reflects the requirement that specialty ADAPTS to the integrated development of industry. On the macro level, this paper explores the necessity and feasibility of digital transformation from the top-level design and group logic of professional groups. On the micro level, it studies the effective ways of professional digital transformation from the aspects of the revision of professional talent training scheme, curriculum system reform, teaching mode innovation, teacher team construction and so on.

Current status and development strategy of ISO/TC 249 standards for Chinese materia medica

The internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is one of the strategic development objectives in China, which has been incorporated into the national strategy as an important part of the Belt and Road Initiative development strategy. As the basis and prerequisite of TCM development, Chinese materia medica(CMM) has a direct impact on the internationalization of TCM. The International Organization for Standardization(ISO) is a global organization composed of national standardization bodies, and the ISO standards impact the world's economy, trade, communication and cooperation. Based on a brief introduction to ISO/Traditional Chinese Medicine Technical Committee(ISO/TC 249), this study elaborates the necessity of establishing ISO standards for CMM and analyzes the current status and challenges faced by the formulation of international standards for CMM. Finally, this study puts forward the development strategy of international standards for CMM. Specifically, efforts should be made to develop top-level design with international market demands as the guidance and improve the quality of standards to accelerate the transformation of domestic high-quality standards into international standards. Moreover, measures should be taken to give full play to the positive role of enterprises in the formulation of standards, vigorously cultivate compound talents for international standardization of TCM, and constantly strengthen international cooperation. The experience and thinking are of guiding significance for the scientific, efficient and reasonable formulation of high-quality ISO standards for CMM in the future.

A Preliminary Top-Down Parametric Design of Electromechanical Actuator Position Control

A top-down process is proposed and virtually validated for the position control of electromechanical actuators (EMA) that use conventional cascade controllers. It aims at facilitating the early design phases of a project by providing a straightforward mean that requires simple algebraic calculations only, from the specified performance and the top-level EMA design parameters. This makes it possible to include realistic control considerations in the preliminary sizing and optimisation phase. The position, speed and current controllers are addressed in sequence. This top-down process is based on the generation and use of charts that define the optimal position gain, speed loop second-order damping factor and natural frequency with respect to the specified performance of the position loop. For each loop, the control design formally specifies the required dynamics and the digital implementation of the following inner loop. A noncausal flow chart summarises the equations used and the interdependencies between data. This potentially allows changing which ones are used as inputs. The process is virtually validated using the example of a flight control actuator. This is achieved with resort to the simulation of a realistic lumped-parameter model, which includes any significant functional and parasitic effects. The virtual tests are run following a bottom–up approach to highlight the pursuit and rejection performance. Using low-, medium- and high-excitation magnitudes, they show the robustness of the controllers against nonlinearities. Finally, the simulation results confirm the soundness of the proposed process.

Research on the Realization Path of Railway Intelligent Construction Based on System Engineering

The implementation of railway intelligent construction is the need of national strategic development and the demand of society. Based on the idea of system engineering, this paper proposes a three-dimensional railway intelligent construction system architecture composed of a full life cycle, management level and technical support. Based on this architecture, a “three-step” implementation path is proposed. Then, it analyzes the technology support framework required in the architecture based on Building Information Modeling (BIM), incorporating Global Positioning System (GPS) and Geographic Information System (GIS), algorithmic prediction and machine learning technology, Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence technology, big data and cloud computing technology, and the application of railway intelligent construction system architecture is analyzed by taking a railway tunnel project in Zhejiang Province of China as an example. Finally, it discusses the problems that may be encountered in the implementation of railway intelligent construction and puts forward relevant suggestions. The results show that railway intelligent construction is an essential way. At present, China’s railway intelligent construction is still in the primary stage. The design organization should do a good job in the top-level design and accumulate sufficient data for the later stage. All parties in the middle stage of construction should do a good job in the induction and integration of information and accumulate sufficient experience. In this way, we can integrate into the advanced stage and give full play to the advantages of software and hardware integrated applications such as BIM, IoT, big data, cloud computing and intelligent devices so as to truly realize the intellectualization and modernization of railway construction.

Exploration of practice and optimization of strategies for conservation of cultivated land resources in contemporary China’s rural areas—Centering on black soil conservation and others

Cultivated land resources are the basic elements for rural development and farmers’ survival in China. Strengthening the protection of cultivated land is an important measure to ensure national food security and practice the strategy of “storing grain in the land and technology”, and it is also an inevitable requirement to promote the high-quality development of agriculture. The protection of cultivated land in contemporary China has gone through three stages: the initial exploration period of reconciliation between economic development and the number of cultivated land, the institutional development period of construction occupation and cultivated land quality management and protection, and the transformation and improvement period of “Trinity” in the new era. In the new era, cultivated land protection has achieved phased results, but it still faces practical constraints from the actors, technical environment, institutional environment and so on. In view of this, we should explore the breakthrough path to further promote cultivated land protection from the aspects of strengthening organizational guidance and technical training, strengthening the top-level design of differentiated cultivated land protection, strengthening the research and development of new technologies and the construction of agricultural technology extension system.

Research on Construction Suggestions of China’s Endowment Service Supply Model from the Perspective of Welfare Pluralism

Under the background of an accelerating population aging process, China is facing the issues of a weakening household pension function and an insufficient social pension service supply. It is urgent to establish a perfect diversified pension service supply model. The theory of welfare pluralism advocates the participation of multiple subjects in social old-age services and emphasizes that social organizations play an important role in the provision of old-age services. This paper, under the perspective of welfare pluralism, discusses the problems and reasons existing in the endowment service supply in our country, and on the basis of the advanced international experience, it puts forward a new mode for resolving the problems in the endowment service supply, namely the “116 endowment service supply model”. This mode advocates that a top-level design at the national level is necessary, together with cooperation among the community, family, workplace, folk society, market and school in the national endowment service information platform, aiming at building a unified, coordinated and complementary model of diversified elderly care service supply.

RESEARCH ON ESTABLISHING A MORE OPEN AND SYSTEMATIC NATIONAL GEO-INFORMATION STANDARD SYSTEM – TAKING CHINA’S GEO-INFORMATION STANDARD SYSTEM AS AN EXAMPLE

Abstract. Geo-information can be found, collected, released, shared, stored, combined and applied through geo-information standards. Building geo-information standard system is the basis for a country or organization to carry out the construction of geo-information standards. The excellent geo-information standard system can maximize the effectiveness of all geo-information standards in the system, so as to ensure that new geo-information sources and technical tools can be fully used. According to the analysis on the challenges of the construction of geo-information standards and standard systems in various countries by the author, most countries (including China) need to establish a more open and systematic national geo-information standard system and implement more flexible policies and measures for standards management. In this paper, the specific implementation measures proposed to improve China's geo-information standard system include 1) using policies to encourage the formulation, transformation and utilization of international standards 2) accelerating the top-level design of the construction of relevant information technology standard systems with geo-information as the core element, 3) filling the gap of standards construction by relevant group or enterprise according to the development requirements of geo-information industry, 4) evaluating and monitoring the important and concerned geo-information standards, etc. We think that the above measures will effectively improve overall openness and build better connection with the international standards, and ensure the scientific and forward-looking features during the construction and design of the standard system.