Top Leadership Research Articles

The Fight Against Corruption in the Chinese Army as an Important Component of the Work to Strengthen the Armed Forces. Part 2

The Fight Against Corruption in the Chinese Army as an Important Component of the Work to Strengthen the Armed Forces. Part 2

RUSSIAN EXPANSION AND THE UKRAINIAN STATEHOOD: HISTORICAL REALITIES OF THE 17th – 21th CENTURIES

In the article the process of expansion by russia is analyzed, which, through the prism of the absolutist paradigm, for 400 years directed its efforts not only to the annexation of the territory of Ukraine, but also to the destruction of Ukrainian statehood and the Ukrainian nation. The purpose of article – analysis of political, economic, spiritual and cultural factors that illustrate the process of the implementation of russian expansion aimed at the destruction of Ukrainian statehood and the Ukrainian nation during the 17th – 21st centuries Scientific novelty – the implementation of Russia’s expansionist policy on the territory of Ukraine, starting from 1654 and up to the present time, is comprehensively investigated. The periodization of russian expansion during the 17th – 21th centuries is suggested. Conclusions. Taking into account the specifics of the chosen topic, we have highlighted five chronological periods during which russia pursued an expansionist policy with the aim of destroying Ukrainian statehood. The first period (17th –18th centuries) covers the stage of the initial phase of russian expansion, starting with the Pereyaslav Council, when all the top leadership of the Ukrainian Cossack state, led by Bohdan Khmelnytsky, swore allegiance to the moscow tsar, and to the aggressive policy of Peter I and his successors, as a result of which at the end of the 18th century 80% of Ukrainian lands were part of the russian empire. The second period (the 19th – the early 20th century) – was a time when the russian authorities directed their efforts to maintain the previously captured territories of Ukraine and tried to implement the «Novorossiia» project in the south of the country without much success. The third period (1922 – 1991) covers the history of Ukraine as part of the Soviet Union, the main characteristics of which were the complete occupation of the territory of Ukraine and the policy of persuasion of the population using such methods as repression, famine, deportation, total russification, destruction of national self-identification, etc. The fourth period (1991 – 2013) – the historical period that began with the declaration of Ukraine’s independence and was marked by difficult russian-Ukrainian relations, as a result of which the russian federation, seeking revenge, tried to politically, economically, and culturally weaken our country, at the same time compromising it in the eyes of its Western partners. The fifth period (2014 – nowadays) – the period of the russian-Ukrainian war, during which the aggressor is trying to conquer the territory of Ukraine, deprive it of its independence, and the Ukrainian people – to win back the lost territories and become a full-fledged player in the global world system. Thus, having studied the russian expansion during the 17th – 21st centuries, we can draw conclusions that during all the five periods we have highlighted or the last 400 years of the history of Ukraine, the policy of the north-eastern neighbor was aimed at the annexation of Ukrainian territories and the destruction of statehood. To achieve the goal set for himself, the aggressor used the entire set of military, political, cultural, and spiritual factors.

Xi Jinping and his "Clan": origins and reasons of formation

The study of the inner-party fractions of the Communist Party of China is one of the few areas of Sinological research that has proved to be especially in demand due to the turbulence in modern world politics. This is especially true for those intra-party groups that are somehow connected with the current top leadership of China in general and with Chinese President Xi Jinping in particular.

Key Factors for a Creative Environment in Saudi Arabian Higher Education Institutions

Key Factors for a Creative Environment in Saudi Arabian Higher Education Institutions

Innovative management practices and firm performance: a case of telecom. Firms in south-east, nigeria

The study explored the effect of innovative management practices (IMP) on performance of telecom firms in South-East Nigeria. The specific objectives are to determine the effects of value creation, hi-tech adaptability, strategic leadership, cultural change and industrial best practices on organizational performance. Methodologically, a cross-sectional survey research design was used on a sample population of management and staff of selected telecom firms of MTN Nigeria, GLOBALCOM and Airtel Nigeria. Data for the study were collected with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire instrument. Krejcie and Morgan-K & M table was used to determine the sample size of two hundred and thirty-four (234) and Bowley's formula was used to apportion the samples to each organization via a stratified sampling technique. The data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation and regression analysis. Findings revealed that value creation has significant effect on organizational performance -ORGP with (β= .347, P =.000 <.05), Hi-tech adaptability has significant effect (β= .124, P =.001 <.05) along with strategic leadership (β= .107, P =.005 <.05). Also Cultural change and industrial best practices with (β= .456, P =.000 <.05) and (β= .116, P =.001 < 05) respectively are significant predictors of ORGP. The study concluded that Innovation management practices which includes changes in the ‘how’ and ‘what’ of tasks supervisors implement in preparing guidelines, creating resolutions, managing events, and encouraging individuals are reflective of innovation management protocols.  Recommendations are to the effect that enterprise leaders should introduce hi-tech adaptability, invest in novel technologies, and provide technical training to their personnel in order to improve employees’ performance. Finally, focused firms in the industry should try to implement innovative strategies to create competitive edge. The study contributed to knowledge by demonstrating that workplaces that foster a culture of innovation generally should subscribe to the belief that innovation is not the province of top leadership but can come from anyone in the organization.

Minilateral Alliances in the American Strategy of Containing the PRC in the Indo-Pacific Region

The subject of the study is the consideration of the minilateral formations in the framework of the implementation of US foreign policy. The object of the study is the US foreign policy towards China since the beginning of the 21st century. The author examines in detail such aspects as the interaction of the United States and its allies in the Asian region, within the framework of the formation of the anti-Chinese coalition association, as well as analyzing and drawing conclusions about the effectiveness of a number of large minilateral organizations. Particular attention is paid to the reactionary perception of the top leadership of the leadership and the public masses of China on the role of the United States in building minilateral formations in its foreign policy. The main conclusions of the study are: • The minilateral unions only accelerate the process of dividing the Asian region into pro-Chinese and pro-American. Such a competitive policy to attract Asian states to their trade, economic and political space will only complicate the process of finding a compromise point of view between the two great economic powers, as well as damage peace, prosperity and stability in the region in the long term; • The growing popularity in the formation of minilateral structures is a consequence of the growing confrontation between China and the USA over the past decade, and not the primary cause of contradictions; • To date, most of the programs that have a "minilateral connotation" have little effective impact for the American government, nevertheless they cannot be called unfulfilled. Taking into account the relatively recent acceleration in attracting an increasing number of countries to existing and newly formed formats, Washington expects to get positive results for itself in the next decade, provided that China's economic and technological development is consolidated. The scientific novelty is determined primarily by the fact that the work analyzes the mechanism and evolution of interstate relations between the United States and partner countries, as well as the peculiarities of their activities in the minilateral associations.

URGENITAS KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI SOSIAL DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH

The leadership of the school principal in improving the social competency of teachers is something that is urgent in schools, because the principal as the top leader determines the progress and decline of a school organization. But also the social competence of teachers can be influenced by the principal's leadership style, strategies and policies in increasing these competencies. This study aims to reveal: 1) leadership styles, 2) policies and strategies, and 3) challenges and opportunities from school principals in strengthening teacher social competence. The approach uses a qualitative type of descriptive research with data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation techniques. The research subjects were the school principal, deputy head of administration, and two teachers at SMP IT Nurul Ishlah. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The validity of the researcher's data uses credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. The results of the study obtained that: the principal's leadership style, has a democratic leadership style and a charismatic leadership style. Principal strategies and policies by communicating politely and harmoniously by applying the principle of brotherhood to the teacher council, students, parents and the surrounding community, conducting training and seminars for teachers in order to improve social competence and teacher insight. Motivating teachers to be passionate about innovating and developing quality as educators, creating programs to strengthen teacher relationships with fellow teachers, students, parents of students and the community environment. While the challenges and opportunities for approaching are due to the diversity of backgrounds, the age of the teachers at school, and the opportunities for strengthening them by being invited to work together to improve quality and involve all school members in social and integrity actions

Информационные документы ГПУ–ОГПУ 1920-х годов: опыт интеллектуального анализа текстов (на материалах Северного Кавказа)

Using mass sources in historical research makes it possible to improve the representativeness of knowledge about the historical period. However, qualitative text analysis has limitations when working with a large array of data. Thus, in modern historical science is a need to involve com-puter («intellectual») analysis of texts for processing mass sources. Based on principles of the dis-course-historical approach, authors indicated the possibility of using the RStudio computer pro-gram for intellectual analysis of the voluminous corpus of information reports and reviews of the GPU–OGPU of the 1920s on the materials of the North Caucasus. In the first stage, the contextual-ization of the studied sources was carried out. The authors found that reports and reviews of the GPU-OGPU of different years had similar terminological, emotive and thematic composition. While maintaining the internal unity of the OGPU information documents on the North Caucasus, an increase in the number of topics in summaries and reviews has been revealed since 1925. Emo-tional aggravation and complication of the «Chekist» discourse intensified so much by the end of the 1920s that terminological composition of the documents of 1928-1929 differed significantly from composition of texts of previous years. Thus, the text mining of the reports and reviews of the GPU–OGPU demonstrated the transformation of the regional «Chekist» discourse, which was broadcast to the top leadership of the country. The applied approach allows minimizing subjectivi-ty of researcher’s assessments and conclusions.

The Customary Government System in Koto Tuo Baserah Kuantan Singingi

The objectives in this study are; to find out the customary government system and the role of customary devices in Koto Tuo Baserah Kuantan Singingi. This method of research is sociological. The leader in Koto Tuo is called Datuk Bisai or Datuk Penghulu with the title Datuk Godang. Meanwhile, the top tribal leaders in the village of Kuansing are called mamak soko. The are four tribes in Kuantan Singingi. They are Tigo Kampung entitled Jolak Samano, Limo Kampung titled Datuk Bandaro, Cermin titled Godang, and Melayu titled Datuk Paduko. In Koto Tuo regency is guided by 4 traditional stakeholders, namely: Penghulu (mamak soko / chieftain), Monti, Dubalang, and Malin, an Islamic religious figure. Then 3 Traditional Leaders in one tribe have representatives, each tribe is divided into 3 Jurai (Departments). The role of Datuk Penghulu and other traditional stakeholders in Koto Tuo is still partly ongoing. However, there are shifts in the role of traditional stakeholders in village government. They are: the role of traditional stakeholders in terms of marriage, divorce, privately owned land, livestock, fields, civil cases and criminal cases. And the role of traditional stakeholders in village government that has not shifted is in terms of customary land and heritage treasures. The Factors causing the shift in the role of indigenous stakeholders in village government are : globalization, contact with other cultures, modernization, community dissatisfaction with certain areas, an increasingly educated, heterogeneous and growing population.

GENERAL REGULARITIES OF LINGUO-COGNITIVE REPRESENTATION OF CONCEPTUAL OPPOSITION (ASPECT: CREATION- DESTRUCTION)

The article is devoted to the integrated characteristic of the conceptual opposition presented on the basis of the analysis of oppositional concepts in the consideration aspect of the opposition paradigm Creation – Destruction in the political and media discourse. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the implementation specifics of conceptual opposition within the framework of the presented dichotomy in the Russian and Anglo-American language spaces. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the author’s proposed dichotomous model Creation – Destruction compared with the classical dyad “Us – Them”.
 Materials and methods. The materials of the study were fragments of speeches by the top leadership of the Russian Federation, analytical comments and publications by representatives of the Russian and foreign media Internet space, statements by experts of the political programs on Channel One and Russia-1 TV channels in 2022. When writing the article, the following methods were used: conceptual analysis, undertaken on the basis of comparative characteristics of the nominees of the concepts under study, contextual analysis, including lexico-semantic analysis of definitions fixed in Russian and English lexicographic sources.
 Results. A structured organization of conceptual opposition was revealed, the levels of realization of opposition were presented, as well as the distinctive-feature classification of opposition subjects Creation – Destruction on the example of the model Us – Them. According to the author the analysis of the conceptual opposition of the concepts studied on the basis of the dichotomy Creation – Destruction makes it possible to conclude its semantic similarity with the dichotomy Us – Them.

Rwanda Mice Strategy and Its Influence on the Tourism Industry. Case Study of Rwanda Convention Bureau

The MICE sector is one of the more rapidly growing market segments of Rwanda and this aroused the interest of researchers to investigate its performance and promotion in Rwanda. The study was both qualitative and quantitative in nature. The population of this research was 100 respondents and the total sample size was 80 though after editing and coding, only 75 questionnaires were found to be valid. The study used convenience and purposive sampling. Both primary and secondary data sources were applied in the study including documentation, questionnaire, and interviews. The study revealed the enablers of MICE tourism development in Rwanda to be good infrastructure, cleanliness of Rwanda (e.g., Kigali city), zero tolerance to corruption, adequate security, and stability of the country, among others. The strategy Rwanda is using to attract delegates to choose Rwanda were; top leaders’ negotiations at international forums, zero tolerance to corruption, being a reliable and safe destination for MICE events, strengthening “remarkable Rwanda”, and visiting Rwanda Campaigns, among others. The influence of MICE tourism on the economy of Rwanda includes generating local employment, branding Rwanda, developing small and medium enterprises. The challenges identified were; limited or lack of facilities for special needs delegates, inadequate training for service providers, few ceremonies, and events etc. The study concluded by recommending RCB and the government to involve private sectors in event organisation/management, training the taxi men and night cab men how to deal with delegates, and good and reliable government policy that eases delegates’ movement in and out of Rwanda, more infrastructure in term of accommodation and big venue capacity to enhance to host 10,000 delegates

Fixed investment or financial assets investment: Evidence from political uncertainty in China

AbstractUsing a comprehensive dataset of listed firms and detailed turnover data on top provincial leaders in China, we explore how political uncertainty affects a firm's portfolio choice. During political turnover, a firm decreases its fixed investment and increases its financial asset investment, but the promotional effect of political turnover on the financial asset investment of politically dependent enterprises (PDEs) is not obvious. We explain this finding through the mediating effect of stock price informativeness and degree of political dependence. Our results suggest that non‐PDEs rely on market information to make investment decisions, whereas PDEs are also affected by political resource information.

To the question of national, economic and financial security of Russia

The article reveals the theoretical aspects of the national, economic and financial security of Russia before the Great October Socialist Revolution, in the period from the formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) to its collapse and in the period of the modern history of the Russian Federation. the author's position of the activation of the global geopolitical crisis and geo-economic crisis (caused by the creation of new geo-economic centers for the development of the world economy) is given, which is an objective reason for the redistribution of the world caused by the next phase of the reproductive crisis and the global financial crisis in the world economy. the role of finance in economic development and ensuring economic and financial security at different historical stages of Russia, the USSR and the Russian Federation is shown. It is concluded that in the conditions of the global monocentric model of the functioning of financial capital, led by the United States, the countries of the economic "periphery" are forced to bear losses due to the monopoly dictate of the world financial centers of emission (primarily the dollar and the euro). the reasons for the destruction of the USSR are formulated, the main of which is: the destruction of the country's national security system by the top leaders of the USSR, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) and other union republics of the Soviet Union. the principled character of the Soviet leadership in conducting a sovereign, national monetary policy is shown. the creation by the global financial system of conditions for overproduction of two world fully unsecured currencies (the dollar and the euro) and the formation of the potential of the global financial crisis are argued.

Are We Teaching College Women to Aspire for Elite Leadership Roles

In this longitudinal study we conducted annual interviews with 19 randomly selected college women for four years to ask them to describe the skills of an effective leader, their current leadership skills, post-college leadership aspirations, and college experiences that adversely and positively affected their aspirations for future leadership roles. As anticipated, growth and changes were not uniform among all participants; in fact, the varieties revealed a complex picture of women’s leadership aspirations and the leadership skill development they favored to enliven their aspirations, as well as the college experiences that shaped their evolving notion of their own desire for top leadership roles.
 An analysis of their interview responses indicated that over the span of four years: although most women increased their beliefs that effective leaders should possess both relational and task-oriented skills, the majority reported that they developed stronger traditional authoritative leadership skills; women reported stronger leadership aspirations, particularly those who had developed stronger traditional leadership skills. Those who developed stronger relational skills reported lower leadership aspirations. Suggestions for leadership mentors, professors, administrators, college student personnel and faculty are presented.

Top management team boundary-spanning leadership: Measurement development and its impact on innovative behavior.

With the advancement of digital economy, organizations around the world need to stretch the boundaries of their strategy, business, and knowledge to gain a competitive advantage and achieve sustainable growth. Although boundary-spanning leadership, with a set of practical tools developed by the Center for Creative Leadership (CCL), has been explored over the past 10 years, the comprehensive understanding of top management team boundary-spanning leadership has still reached no consensus. This research focuses on the concept of top management team boundary-spanning leadership (TMTBSL) and its effect on employees' innovative behavior. Study 1 comprises the concept of TMTBSL and the measurement of its development. The classical grounded theory was used to analyze biographical texts and in-depth interview data from local Chinese organizations. We developed a 5-dimension scale with14 items for TMTBSL. In Study 2, we empirically examined the impact of TMTBSL on employees' innovative behavior. The results demonstrate that TMTBSL can promote employee innovative behavior through perceived motivational climate. The theoretical and practical implications are also outlined.

Earnings management: Are men from Mars and women from Venus?

PurposeResearch on gender and finance finds that women chief executive officers (CEOs) are relatively risk-averse and more ethical than their male counterparts. These differences are often presented as reasons for lower earnings management by firms led by women. A strand of contrasting literature however finds the notions of women being risk-averse and ethical not necessarily true for women occupying top leadership positions as women successful in shattering the glass ceiling adopt behaviors like men. This study attempts to understand the differences between the ethical tendencies of the two genders by examining if CEO power impacts the relation between CEO gender and earnings management.Design/methodology/approachThe authors begin the analysis using standard regressions using the propensity score matched (PSM) samples and examine if CEO power mediates or amplifies relationship between CEO gender and earnings management. The authors use ordinary least squares (OLS) regression approach and instrumental variables (IV) estimation to address the endogeneity concerns.FindingsThis study’s results suggest that the relationship between CEO gender and earnings management is mediated by CEO power. The authors find that women CEOs with lower power engage in lower earnings management. However, women CEOs with more power tend to engage in greater levels of earnings management than their male counterparts.Originality/valueThis study contributes the finance literature by showing women leaders successful in occupying top leadership positions are not necessarily more risk averse and more ethical. Less powerful women CEOs are subjected to potentially higher levels of scrutiny and are forced into an environment where they have to be seen as ethical. However, powerful women face the same concerns as their male counterparts and not necessarily more ethical.

CONCEPTUAL DIRECTIONS OF REFORMING THE SYSTEM OF ENSURING NATIONAL SECURITY OF UKRAINE

The article analyzes a complex of issues related to the definition of the theoretical foundations of national security. Every year, the conditions of internal and external threats and dangers for the state do not decrease, but, on the contrary, are increasing all the time. The abovementioned puts a question of extreme importance to our state and to its top political leadership not only to ensure all spheres of the country's life in accordance with existing external and internal, real and potential threats and real aggression, but also to build a national security system in advance, which could fully ensure peace, calm and stable development of Ukraine in today's difficult conditions. Today, we need to talk not about reform, but about building a highly effective system of ensuring the national security of Ukraine, modem ensuring the national security of the state based on systemic analysis. At the same time, it is necessary to foresee, by means of applying a systemic approach, the construction of the executive branch of strategic management, in which all subjects of national security will be combined into a single system of management system and support subsystems: economic, state, military, internal, border, man-made, information security of Ukraine, and other functional security systems. The problem of increasing the effectiveness of scientific support for the processes of formation, implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of the national security policy at the strategic level is of particular importance in the context of the development of the national security system. The article formulates and investigates the main tasks of the existing problem, namely, the development and implementation of the national methodology for making strategic decisions; formulation of the final sectoral component of national security and determination of specific departments and authorities, which are proposed to be entrusted with responsibility for the implementation of national security at the sectoral level; strengthening the control function of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in strategic forecasting and planning in order to increase the effectiveness of planning, coordination and control over the activities of the subjects of national security and their responsibilities; implementation of informational and analytical support for the activities of state authorities, primarily in the conditions of war or status of emergency, in a special period, as well as in the event of crisis situations that threaten the national security of Ukraine. Conceptually important areas of reforming of the national security system of Ukraine are outlined and disclosed: 1. Definition and arrangement at the state level of the conceptual apparatus of the national security sphere. 2. Activation of innovative processes in the educational, scientific and technological, information and communication branches. 3. Formation of a system of national interests’ indicators. 4. Alignment of the concepts of "military security" and "border security". 5. Interdisciplinary integration of individual areas into the system of sciences on national security issues. 6. Distribution of responsibility between subjects of national security. Key words: national security of Ukraine, national security strategy, reforming the system of ensuring national security of Ukraine.

Ukrainian Language in Educational Institutions of the USSR: 1960s–1970s

This article examines the position of the Ukrainian language in educational institutions of the USSR during the 60s and 70s of the twentieth century. It is shown that the Soviet government actively implemented the policy of Russification, the aim of which was the complete destruction of the national-educational space of Ukrainians. Numerous decisions and resolutions of the country’s top party leadership have laid a solid foundation for the introduction of Russian as the language of interethnic communication. In the field of education, the ideologues of communism tried to shift the emphasis from the national characteristics of Ukrainians to the “common” for all – the Soviet ones. Oppression of the native language has caused alarm among the Ukrainian public. Realizing that the Ukrainian language is the basis for the preservation and development of the Ukrainian nation, the Ukrainian intelligentsia led the movement to protect it. Disagreeing with Russification, Ukrainians used all possible forms of protest against it at the time. It came to the formation of open opposition to Khrushchev’s educational reform. Many letters were received by various levels of government, newspapers, and magazines from various publishers, whose authors were concerned about the unequal position of the Russian and Ukrainian languages and expressed their indignation at the functioning of a large number of Russian-language educational institutions. Ukrainians were encouraged to spread the Ukrainian language and take care of its further development, thus seeking to preserve their own national identity. And the Ukrainian language continued to live and develop in the thick of the masses.

Strategies for Increasing Community Participation in Education Implementation in Madrasah Aliyah

The purpose of this study was to obtain strategies to increase community participation in the implementation of education in Madrasah Aliyah. This research used a descriptive qualitative research method. The nature of the researcher-respondent relationship was revealed by using this method. The research was conducted at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Mataram. The participants included school principals (N=1) and teachers (20). Data were collected through observation, documentation, and interviews. The data analysis used was Miles and Huberman model, namely data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing, and triangulation. The results of the data analysis concluded that Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Mataram provided five strategies to increase community participation in the education process, namely; counselling clinic, academic and non-academic program, building a national-minded character, new student admission, giving equal responsibility to the community for the development of education process. Each strategy involves the participation of a different community. These strategies were designed to achieve educational goals. The results of this study have implications for an in-depth understanding of the principal as the top leader in the school to enable everyone in the school community to participate actively.

If Teaching Is a Female Dominated Profession, Why Are So Few Leading the Profession?

Although the teaching profession is dominated by women in Canada, they are still under-represented in the top leadership roles in the education system. This study highlights the current situation in Alberta, examines the barriers to women progressing to the top positions in the field of education and presents the most recurrent suggestions as found in the literature. Such suggestions include, organizations taking an intersectional approach to recruitment, training, pay, and promotions; organizations recognizing the importance of healthy career-life balance for its teachers; existing leaders applying transformational leadership to help new and prospective leaders; and institutions establishing mentoring programs.