Top Cities Research Articles

Navigating Cleanliness: A Comprehensive Examination of Swachh Bharat Mission Urban through Comparative Analysis between Indore M.P & Chandigarh

The largest survey in the world, the Swachh Survekshan Survey, the Indian government initiated a major cleaning campaign known as Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA) to advance health technology and hygiene knowledge. in order to chart the campaign's effectiveness. With the observation of 73 cities at the start of the Swachh Survekshan Campaign in 2016, the Indian government created the largest cleanliness survey in the world, with 4242 cities participating. Along with additional observations based on other factors, the survey covers the population of each area separately—rural and urban. The aim of this research is to conduct a comparative analysis between Gwalior, which was renowned for its cleanliness and beauty and significantly dropped in the Swachh Survekshan Ranking, and Indore City, which has regularly rated among the top cities in2017 to 2022 surveys. The research has analysed the differences in two cities' adherence to the Swachh Bharat Mission parameters using an exploratory research technique and secondary data from the Swachh Survekshan Survey 2022. Keywords—World’s largest cleanliness survey, swachh survekshan ranking, cleanliness movement,

Evaluating land use/cover change associations with urban surface temperature via machine learning and spatial modeling: Past trends and future simulations in Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan

While urbanization puts lots of pressure on green areas, the transition of green-to-grey surfaces under land use land cover change is directly related to increased land surface temperature–compromising livability and comfort in cities due to the heat island effect. In this context, we evaluate historical and future associations between land use land cover changes and land surface temperature in Dera Ghazi Khan–one of the top cities in Pakistan–using multi-temporal Landsat data over two decades (2002–2022). After assessing current land use changes and future predictions, their impact on land surface temperature and urban heat island effect is measured using machine learning via Multi-Layer Perceptron-Markov Chain, Artificial Neural Network and Cellular Automata. Significant changes in land use land cover were observed in the last two decades. The built-up area expanded greatly (874 ha) while agriculture land (−687 ha) and barren land (−253 ha) show decreasing trend. The water bodies were found the lowest changes (57 ha) and vegetation cover got the largest proportion in all the years. This green-grey conversion in the last two decades (8.7%) and prospect along the main corridors show the gravity of unplanned urban growth at the cost of vegetation and agricultural land (−6.8%). The land surface temperature and urban heat island effect shows a strong positive correlation between urbanization and vegetation removal. The simulation results presented in this study confirm that by 2032, the city will face a 5° C high mean temperature based on historical patterns, which could potentially lead to more challenges associated with urban heat island if no appropriate measures are taken. It is expected that due to land cover changes by 2032, ~60% of urban and peri-urban areas will experience very hot to hot temperatures (> 31.5°C). Our results provide baseline information to urban managers and planners to understand the increasing trends of land surface temperature in response to land cover changes. The study is important for urban resource management, sustainable development policies, and actions to mitigate the heat island effect. It will further asset the broader audience to understand the impact of land use land cover changes on the land surface temperature and urban heat island effect in the light of historic pattern and machine learning approach.

Government response and Talent Stickiness: What Causes the Location Transfer of High-Tech Industries

Location selection of high-tech enterprises is one of the key topics in current research. The researchers discovered that Chinese Internet companies have a long tradition of positioning and development in prime cities. In the last few years, more and more Internet businesses have opted to leave the top cities. Through collecting and sorting relevant literature, this paper uses the empirical research method by Process-Tracing Method in a case study to discuss why Huawei's headquarters officially moved from Shenzhen to Dongguan. However, with The Times's development, the city's location advantage has changed. Shenzhen's policies and geographical position are no longer sufficient to attract Huawei's high-tech industry. With the development of the city, Shenzhen has brought increasing production costs for high-technology companies and industries. Compared with Shenzhen, the enterprise will develop better when the factory is relocated to Dongguan. The real estate cost of the enterprise will be significantly reduced, and talent stickiness will also be greatly improved.

Evaluation of urban competitiveness based on factor analysis—Taking 35 key cities in China as an example

Key cities represent the strongest competitiveness level of each province and city. At present, the problem of unbalanced development level of key cities in China is more prominent. Improving urban competitiveness has become an urgent problem for urban governments. In order to study the competitiveness of 35 key cities in China, this paper formulates a total of 27 indicators from the five levels of economic development, social undertakings, public infrastructure, ecological environment and technological innovation, and uses measurement software to draw the advantages and disadvantages of relevant urban development. The results show that the top cities in the comprehensive competitiveness of 35 key cities in China include Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Guangzhou, and the differences among key cities are more prominent in all dimensions. The relative level of competitiveness development of key cities corresponds to the level of regional economic development and technological innovation to a certain extent.

Interaction of urban management with universities and institutions of higher education and research; presenting the "Knowledge-City-University" model

Based on various indicators such as dynamic cities, world cities, top cities, livable cities, creative cities, quality of life and competitiveness, Tehran has not gained a worthy position among the cities of the world, despite having the necessary potential and capability. This is while the capacity of human, intellectual and symbolic academic capital and effective interactions and interaction with the field of urban management, can be effective in creating and promoting the network of smart cities and their creative relationship with regional and global networks. And lead to national and local development. Lack of effective interaction between universities, with public organizations such as urban management, has led to reduced productivity and efficiency in this area. In this research, the strategy of integrated and multiple methodology has been used. This methodological strategy itself consists of four approaches of positivism, pragmatism, instrumentalism and persuasion. And research, the third and fourth integrated approach and the reference theory used is the social exchange theory regarding the interaction of two institutions. The result of these approaches and theories is the presentation of the "knowledge-city- University" model. The different parts of this model are described in detail from the stakeholders of both the university and the city, as well as the supply and demand of the desired and applied knowledge.The result is that if startup strategies and complementary and executive projects are used alongside this operational model, the mentioned indicators about the city will definitely improve and its position in the world rankings will be greatly improved.

Housing condition and preferences of refugee immigrants in Dallas, TX

Refugee immigrants face unique challenges during resettlement in a new country or society, as they are often traumatized by events in their own country of origin, or through the perilous journey of escape over transit countries. They experience several obstacles in the process of cultural adaptation to community life in the US including adequate housing and therefore they can benefit from considerable support for resettlement. Several past literatures have identified various barriers including financial conditions that make the process of finding adequate housing challenging for refugee immigrants in the US. Among them are Myanmar refugees, who have faced decades of discrimination under their native government before they fled from their country, and received the least attention in academic literature focusing on their needs and issues particular to housing. The goal of this study is to explore and understand the current housing and living conditions of the Myanmar refugee immigrants and the factors leading to such conditions. Past researchers have identified the cultural and social background of refugees as influential factors behind the selection of housing. The unique contribution of this study is field level data collected from private residences of Myanmar refugee immigrants in the Vickery Meadow area of Dallas, TX, focusing on their environmental health and well-being specifically in relation to housing as a determinant of health. Dallas has been selected as the study site since it has been listed as one of the top cities with the most Myanmar refugee immigrants.Adopting a qualitative research method strategy, data was collected using multiple approaches including survey, focus group interviews and in-home visits over a period of three months. The primary factor influencing housing desirability and affordability, as identified in this study is financial condition followed by proximity to relatives and/or friends, access to public transportation, school, neighborhood safety and cleanliness of the unit. Overall, this refugee population have shown signs of adapting their lifestyle to cope with the current housing condition, including interior aesthetical improvement, growing native food in the small available patio or balcony area, and cooking outside in backyard, balcony, or patio.This study on the living conditions of the Myanmar refugee population is a first of its kind in the urban community of Vickery Meadow area of Dallas, TX. The results identified through this research will contribute towards the existing efforts to help with the resettlement process of this refugee population. Future studies can use the results of this research to identify and highlight some program recommendations to the local resettlement agencies in the Dallas, TX area and the state and federal government on how to address the housing affordability, need and quality issues during the resettlement process of immigrant refugees.

Traffic Jam in Bangladesh: An Analysis Focusing the Economic Impact

The primary focus of this article is on the economic impacts of traffic congestion in Bangladesh. Chronic traffic congestion, especially in Dhaka, has long been a significant source of annoyance in Bangladesh. Recently, it has become substantially worse. Bangladesh is a developing nation, but it has significant traffic problems. The top cities on the list include Los Angeles in the United States, Delhi and Kolkata in India, and Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates. Along with the stress they currently experience, the nation's people' physical and emotional health are being negatively impacted by the excessive traffic. At present, the traffic bottlenecks are occurring more regularly, the atmosphere of the nation is alarmingly deteriorating. Secondary data are used to support this study. The information offered in this study has several lessons for both academics and practitioners.

Numerical analysis of the combination of radiative collectors and emitters to improve the performance of water-water compression heat pumps under different climates

Radiative cooling allows to cool down surfaces in a renewable way. It can be combined with solar collection functionality to produce heat and cold in a single device known as Radiative Collector and Emitter (RCE). In this paper we propose to combine a RCE with compression heat pumps to improve its performance, producing both heat and cold. Two combined systems are studied: a peak load shifting configuration where radiative cooling and cold production for demand occur simultaneously, and a decoupled configuration with an intermediate tank. The research numerically simulates both systems in different cities and climates, and compares them to a reference system based on a conventional heat pump. The results reveal and improvement of the performance in both configurations: a greater performance of the heat pump is found in the intermediate tank configuration; but after considering the electrical consumptions of all components of the system, peak load shifting configurations exhibit the best performance in most of the cities. Denver, Lleida and Rome – cities with dry climate and moderate cooling requirements – are the top cities with the greatest improvement of the performance. In the solar heating mode, the facilities show an underutilization of the collection field.

Indoor Particle's Pollution in Bucharest, Romania.

Air pollution risk factor on human health was surpassed only by high blood pressure, tobacco use and poor diet. Total number of deaths due to air pollution worldwide was estimated to 6.67 million people in 2019. In the European Union, 97% of the urban population is exposed to levels of fine particulate matter above the latest guideline levels set by the World Health Organization. Air pollution accounts for 20% of newborn deaths worldwide, most related to complications of low birth weight and preterm birth. Low birth weight and preterm birth are responsible for 1.8 million deaths worldwide. Bucharest is the capital city of Romania and one of the most polluted cities in Europe, ranking in the 9th position out of 96 of the top cities from Europe and in the 4th position out of 32 of the top cities in Eastern Europe, data from June 2022. The aim of this study was to measure the real time level of indoor particulate pollution levels in different indoor environments from Bucharest, during the pandemic period. The PM2.5/PM10 ratio and its rate of change were also determined for the measured data. The PM2.5/PM10 ratio and its rate of change were also calculated based on the measurement data. The PM2.5/PM10 ratio showed an upward trend on weekends compared to weekdays, suggesting a relationship with outdoor PM where leisure activities and traffic infiltrated the indoors. The fluctuation range of the PM2.5/PM10 ratio was 0.44~0.95, and low measured values were detected on weekdays. Of the seasons, the proportion of particulate in autumn and its rate of change tended to be higher than in summer. It was suggested that outdoor air may have permeated the room. In addition, the relationship was considered, such as it is a holiday period, there are few rainy days, the concentration of coarse particles is high, and the number of residents in the city decreases. When it comes to indoor air quality, the higher this ratio, the more serious the air pollution. PM10 concentrations decreased by 29.1% in the absence of human activity and increased by 35.1% in the presence of humans. PM2.5 concentration decreased by 30.3% without human activity and increased by 3.1% with the presence of humans. Certain trends were suggested for the resumption of human activity and an increase in PM2.5 concentrations. The average relative difference between October 2021, a pandemic period, and October 2022, a post pandemic period, was 64% for PM10 and 47% for PM2.5. The pandemic period brought a significantly better indoor air quality from the particulate pollution point of view.

Prediction of User Overall Gratification in Indian Tourism Domain on Hotel Classes and Trip Types

The revenue and economy of the country in the past years significantly depend on tourism. The hotel sector's role is even more prominent in tourism. The plans and decisions of tours of users can be recommended with the collaboration of E-commerce and hotel management. The traveling proportion of the population is getting minor over the months due to the worst impact of COVID-19. Thus not just the tourism, the hotel sector is also in vain in terms of revenue. Users' past experiences and opinions help boost their satisfaction levels by providing recommendations and retaining them. The present scenario and stats prove that the selection and decision of hotels have enormous support on user reviews. This research article tries to find and analyze the various aspects that contribute more towards the gratification levels of users in Indian top tourism city hotels listed by the Master and VISA Inc. survey. This survey focuses on the item-item collaborative filtering and regression techniques based on TripAdvisor reviews of recent times. Once the dimensions are known, it helps in improving them and thus even enhances the ratings of Asian continental hotel management. This study proves that the online travel platform helps obtain reviews from users to maintain the travel recommender systems.

Eco-Friendly Clothing Market: A Study of Willingness to Purchase Organic Cotton Clothing in Bangladesh

This research study aims to achieve a developing country’s sustainable development in the clothing industry by exploring consumer behavior to a willingness to purchase organic cotton clothing (OCC) and apparel retailers’ responsibilities. Organic cotton clothing development in the fashion industry could play an important role in textile and environmental pollution and create new business opportunities for green clothes. Survey data was collected from top cities in Bangladesh, and 303 useable responses were collected (81.5% male and 18.5% female). In our survey, 60.7% of the participant was employed. This research model was inspired by the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and added some new variable that influences purchase willingness under OCC fashion in developing countries like Bangladesh. The findings of this study stated that consumer environmental concerns and consumer attitudes positively impact the OCC purchase willingness of Bangladeshi consumers. Also, the authenticity and fashionable of OCC products have a significant impact on Bangladeshi consumer purchase intention. Product Performance found an indirect effect on Bangladeshi consumers’ intention. Furthermore, this study will find that the Bangladeshi market is already very aware of the sustainability movement and concerned about environmental issues. Retailers should focus more on environmental awareness of OCC textile and authentic OCC items. Also, this study will update previous research findings on consumer attitudes toward OCC fashion in the Bangladesh market.

A Hire Purpose: Skills for Interviewers

AbstractThere is plenty of advice for those about to take an interview for a job, but what about if you're sitting on the other side of the table? Here Jas Breslin, Research & Information Services Manager at top city law firm Charles Russell Speechlys, guides us though the key things to keep in mind when you're the one asking the questions.

THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZING MAJOR SPORTS EVENTS ON PUBLIC INTEREST IN SPORT – EXAMPLE OF THE 2018 EUROPEAN HANDBALL CHAMPIONSHIP ANALISED WITH GOOGLE TRENDS TOOL

The European Handball Championship (EHC), along with the Olympic Games and the World Championships, is the largest sports event in handball. In everyday practice, there is a need for exact measuring of interest for some activity or sport in a particular geographical area. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of the organization of the 2018 EHC on public interest in Handball in the territory of the Republic of Croatia. Keywords entered into an Internet search engine can be a useful resource for analyzing the public interest. For the purposes of this study we used the Google Trends network tool for detecting interests before, during and after the EHC. The results show that the greatest interest for handball was expressed in Varaždin county, whereas the 5 top cities were: Varaždin (100%), followed by Osijek (63%), Zagreb (61%), Split (55%), and Rijeka (52%). The presented results show that the organization of major sports events as the EHC affects the increase of interest, and in the analyzed case the interest during the EHC increased up to twenty times compared to the average values (3.14% max values) that occur during the analyzed period.

Consumer Food Waste Intention in Klang Valley: A Review and Analysis

For several decades, food waste has been a worldwide concern, but this problem has arisen extensively within the Malaysian context, seen in the alarming amount of food waste reported. This study aims to examine the relationship between attitudes towards behaviour, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control towards behavioural intention not to waste. The problems occur when the wastage caused by behavioural has become uncontrollable. Also, food waste is caused by mismanagement and disposal issue. With insight concerning this matter, this study aims to extract the household’s intention not to waste food in the scope of Klang Valley. Since this study emphasises seeking behavioural intention in the depth of households in relation to food waste, convenience sampling methods were conducted to gain data from reputable 394 respondents. This study was conducted using questionnaires through a self-administered technique in Klang Valley. The Google form platform for online survey and physical questionnaires were distributed sufficiently. Theoretically, this study uses the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). Based on the reliability and descriptive analysis, the hypothesis on the respective variables was accepted. The process mentioned in this study and the results have shown that the model used was successfully asserted. This study aims to contribute to the practical foundation in which the results will be helpful to identify factors that contribute to consumer behavioural intention towards food waste. One of the limitations of this research has been the biggest problem for the researcher. This study only focuses on Klang Valley. For future studies, this study suggested widening the research area, including all top cities in Malaysia.

Psychosocial Factors Associated With Resilience Among Iranian Nurses During COVID-19 Outbreak.

Background: In the face of COVID-19, healthcare workers need to cope with the ongoing stressors at play and keep psychological distress at a minimum level. This study examined the psychosocial and demographic factors associated with nurse's resilience in the hospitals of Ahvaz that is one of the top cities infected with COVID-19 in Iran.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 387 Iranian nurses in Ahvaz city. For data collection purposes, three online questionnaires (including Copenhagen Psychosocial, Demographic, and Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale) were distributed among the participants.Results: The mean resilience score was equal to 61.8 ± 14.8 for 387 nurses. Resilience had a statistically significant negative correlation with quantitative demand (r = −0.273, P < 0.008), work pace (r = −0.262, P < 0.011), emotional demand (r = −0.226, P < 0.030), stress (r = −0.458, P < 0.000), and burnout (r = −0.287, P < 0.005). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that stress, job satisfaction, burnout and age were the main predictors of nurses' resilience during the (COVID-19) pandemic (R2 = 0.45).Conclusions: We identified psychosocial and demographic predictive factors that may contribute to greater resilience among nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak. The findings of this study can be used to implement psychosocial interventions to amplify the resilience of medical staff during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Hydrogen farm concept: A Perspective for Turkey

Hydrogen farm concept: A Perspective for Turkey

Hometown Ties and the Quality of Government Monitoring: Evidence from Rotation of Chinese Auditors

Audits are a standard mechanism for reducing corruption in government investments. The quality of audits themselves, however, may be affected by relationships between auditor and target. We study whether provincial chief auditors in China show greater leniency in evaluating prefecture governments in their hometowns. In city-fixed-effect specifications—in which the role of shared background is identified from auditor turnover—we show that hometown auditors find 38 percent less in questionable monies. This hometown effect is similar throughout the auditor’s tenure and is diminished for audits ordered by the provincial Organization Department as a result of the departure of top city officials. We argue that our findings are most readily explained by leniency toward local officials rather than an endogenous response to concerns of better enforcement by hometown auditors. We complement these city-level findings with firm-level analyses of earnings manipulation by state-owned enterprises (SOE) via real activity manipulation (a standard measure from the accounting literature), which we show is higher under hometown auditors. (JEL D73, H54, H83, L32, M42, O18, P25)

Evaluating the Levels of Innovation Seen in Selected countries in the 1404 Document and its Global Impact on the Performance of Cities

Innovations in the developing economies of developing countries such as Iran, are increasingly important as they seek to find solutions to complex challenges, gain competitive advantages in key industries and technologies, and create better living standards for citizens. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the levels of innovation seen in the selected countries in the 1404 document and the effect of innovation on urban performance. The data used in the research is derived from the 2017 Global Innovation Index (GII) and the 2017 Global Cities Report (GCR). The statistical population of the study was the UAE, Armenia, Iran, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Pakistan, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Qatar and Kuwait and all their capital cities. In this regard, the Prometheus model and Pearson Correlation Analysis were employed. The results of the study showed that the UAE and Turkey have the best innovation performance among other countries. Also, the levels of Iranian innovation in institutional components, human capital and research, infrastructure, market, business complexity, knowledge and technology, and creative output compared to the selected countries, were respectively, very low, moderate, very low, moderate, low, medium, and low. The results also showed, there is a significant correlation between the rankings of countries and the rankings of cities within them, which had a score of 0.907. This was such that, Istanbul, the capital city of Turkey, and Dubai, the capital city of UAE, were respectively ranked 26th and 28th among other capital cities, and were found to be among the world's top cities. After these results were obtained, suggestions were offered in this paper.

National market analysis for body contouring providers: Medical spas and physician practices.

Non-invasive body contouring has experienced recent growth. To meet demand, medical spas and non-physician operators have grown. Insights into their practice can provide information on their impact. Our study investigated the current market distribution of body contouring providers in the aesthetic field. For the 30 most populous cities, data were collected for non-invasive body contouring providers in medical spas and physician practices. Descriptive ratios were calculated, and various local factors were examined. The cities with the greatest number of body contouring providers were New York (138), Los Angeles (106), and Houston (87). Population size had a significant relationship, while median household income did not. For number of body contouring providers per 100000 persons, the top cities were Austin (4.87), Houston (3.74), and Las Vegas (3.41). The mean ratio of providers in medical spas to physician practices was 1.81. In total, 70.0% of cities had equal or more body contouring providers in medical spas than physician practices. Certain cities have experienced an unequal distribution of body contouring providers, and many cities are skewed in favor of medical spas over physician-based practices.

Cost Optimization of the Intensified Rabies Control Program in Davao City, Philippines Using Linear Programming

Davao City, the largest city in the Philippines with 11 legislative districts, is among the top cities with high rabies incidence. To eliminate the rabies incidence, the City Veterinarian’s Office (CVO) has been implementing the Intensified Rabies Control Program (IRCP) that is composed of mass dog vaccination, dog neutering, dog impounding, and information and education campaigns (IEC). In this paper, we formulated a linear programming (LP) model that minimizes the IRCP operational cost while satisfying the different targets set by the CVO for each of the IRCP component as well as its allocated budget. From the analysis, the CVO should be lessening the number of dogs to be vaccinated in districts whose vaccine coverage is already above 70%. This is to ensure that the number of dogs to be vaccinated in other districts can be increased and achieve 70% vaccine coverage. However, the model suggests that it is optimal that 90% of the dogs in the Talomo district (the most populous district in the city) should be vaccinated. Furthermore, with the 24:1 ratio of the number of vaccinated dogs to the impounded dogs, it is optimal to neuter one dog for every 239 vaccinated dogs. Additionally, the model suggests impounding more dogs to highly populated districts. Lastly, the model suggests maintaining the average number of IEC participants. By doing these interventions firmly, dogs in Davao City can potentially achieve herd immunity, and the human’s risk to contract rabies will be lowered.