Prevalence Of Teeth Research Articles

Global prevalence of pre eruptive intracoronal resorption (PEIR) of teeth: a systematic review of literature.

Pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption (PIER) defects constitute an important part of anomalies associated with unerupted teeth. However, these defects are usually overlooked by clinicians whilst interpreting radiographs. This systematic review was thus orchestrated to find the global prevalence of PEIR. A comprehensive database search was done until December 2022 for published articles on the prevalence of pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. The review was registered in Prospero (CRD42024501668). The risk of bias was analysed for each study using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for cross-sectional studies. In total 18 studies were included in the present systematic review. The subject prevalence was 3.54% (range 0.56-27.31%) and tooth prevalence of 0.695% (Range 0.073-2.12%). Males and females were equally affected with no difference based on geography and race. Mandibular teeth showed more incidence of PEIR than maxillary teeth. First premolars were most frequently affected in the mandibular arch, whilst canines were affected most in the maxillary arch. Within the limits of the review, we presented for the first time the global prevalence of PEIR. The condition may be overlooked and could lead to potential complications, thus it is essential to promptly diagnose these defects, thus preventing any further complications. We further suggest that all extirpated soft tissue should be submitted for further evaluation to shed light on the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the initiation and progression of the disease.

Prevalence of Impacted Canines among Dental Patients in the Industrial Workers of Hyderabad – A Radiographic Study

ABSTRACT Background: Impacted teeth have a low prevalence but exhibit a very uneven distribution. Among dental visits, impaction is one of the most common issues encountered. The causes of impaction can can vary from person to person, including factors such as a lack of calcium, retained deciduous tooth, or the presence of supernumerary teeth that interfere with the normal eruption pattern. The presence of impacted teeth can hinder the progress of orthodontic treatment. Therefore, understanding the prevalence of impacted teeth is crucial for effective treatment planning. This study aims to examine the prevalence of impacted teeth among dental patients in the southwest zone of Hyderabad. Materials and Methods: Panaromic radiographs taken in 2019 served as the basis for this crosssectional investigation. After reviewing 2,819 radiographs, data on patients with impacted teeth were collected. We analyzed the age and gender distribution of 40 individuals with impacted canine teeth to determine prevalence. Data were tabulated and analyzed using Excel. The sectors identified according to Ericson and Kurol were used to categorize the data. Frequency and percentage were used as statistical measures. Results: The study found that the most common type of impacted teeth was in males aged 20 and above (45%), followed by females at (40%). Among those aged less than 20, the prevalence was 12.5% in females and 2.5% in males. The data suggest that the majority of dental patients with impacted teeth were male and over the age of 20. Conclusion: The study concludes that impacted teeth are more prevalent in males over the age of 20 among dental patients in the southwest zone of Hyderabad.

Prevalence of Supernumerary Teeth among Non-Syndromic North Indian Population: A Survey

Prevalence of Supernumerary Teeth among Non-Syndromic North Indian Population: A Survey

Radiographic Assessment of Root/Crown Ratio and Short Root Anomaly: A Retrospective Study in Chinese Population.

Research suggested that racial and gender differences may exist in tooth root development and the prevalence of short root anomaly (SRA). However, data on Asian and specifically Chinese populations were limited. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of SRA and the characteristics of the root-to-crown ratio (R/C ratio) within the Chinese population. Modified Lind's criteria were used to measure the crown and root lengths in permanent dentition. A total of 27 142 teeth from 1000 subjects were evaluated using panoramic radiographs. Fisher's exact test was employed to analyse gender differences in SRA. Paired-sample and independent-sample t tests were used to assess the characteristics of R/C ratios. SRA was observed in 27 patients, with a prevalence of 2.7% and a tooth prevalence of 0.309%. Females had a significantly higher prevalence of SRA compared to males (p < 0.01). SRA was found exclusively in incisors (83.72%) and premolars (16.28%), with the maxillary central incisor being the most commonly affected tooth. Additionally, there were statistical differences in the R/C ratio based on gender and jaw position in the normal groups. The highest R/C ratios were observed in the mandibular second premolars, while the maxillary central incisors had the lowest ratios. SRA was relatively common in the Chinese population, and clinicians should be aware of its presence. It was more frequently observed in females and shows specificity in tooth position, with the maxillary central incisor being the most commonly affected tooth. Our study provides valuable insights for the early diagnosis and treatment of SRA in the Chinese population.

Prevalence, Occurrence, and Characteristics of Supernumerary Teeth Among the Saudi Arabian Population Using Panoramic Radiographs.

Supernumerary teeth numerical anomalies and the early diagnosis of supernumerary teeth is very important to avoid potential complications. The study aim was to determine the prevalence, occurrence, and characteristics of supernumerary teeth among the Arabian population. A retrospective radiographic study was performed using panoramic radiographs of patients attending a teaching hospital from January 2018 to December 2020. Only healthy patients with clear radiographs were included in the study, and patients with syndromes, cleft lip, and palate, and unclear radiographs were excluded from the study. The details include the patient's age and gender, supernumerary tooth number, location, orientation, and position. Only a single examiner was involved in the data collection and analysis. Overall, 38 (2%) patients were observed with 47 supernumerary teeth. Among them, 76% were males and 24% were females, with a mean age of 16.1 ± 9.7 years. Mesiodens (87%) are the common type of supernumerary tooth, and the majority of the supernumerary teeth were impacted (66%). The majority of the patients presented with a single supernumerary tooth, while 24% of the patients presented with two supernumerary teeth. Sixty percent of the supernumerary teeth were conical in morphology, followed by a tuberculate morphology. In the study population, most of the supernumerary teeth were normal in orientation. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth was 2%. Among them, the majority were observed at the anterior region of the maxillary arch with a conical shape of normal orientation. The gender-based comparison of location, orientation, morphology, eruption, and number of supernumerary teeth showed male predilection.

The comorbid pathology in patients with chronic apical periodontitis

The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between teeth after endodontic treatment and/or with apical periodontitis, in patients with a number of systemic diseases and smokers among the adult population of Yaroslavl.Materials and methods of research. Medical history data were collected, including age, gender, presence of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, allergies, smoking habits and data on endodontic dental treatment of 421 patients (10,540 teeth). The prevalence of depulpated teeth and the periodontal condition were assessed by orthopantomograms. The periapical status was classified according to the periapical Index PAI (PAI), chronic apical periodontitis was defined as PAI-score ≥3. The statistical analysis was carried out using the Stata/MP v. program.17.0 (StataCorp LLC, Texas 77845-4512, USA) using chi-square tests, odds ratio and confidence intervals (95%).The results and their discussion. The overall prevalence of chronic apical periodontitis and the prevalence of teeth after endodontic treatment was 2.2 and 4.2%, respectively. The high prevalence of depulpated teeth increased the likelihood of chronic apical periodontitis (p&lt;0.0001). In the group of men, there was a higher percentage of teeth with chronic apical periodontitis (p&lt;0.0001), a lower percentage of teeth after endodontic treatment (p=0.05) and a greater number of residual roots (with complete destruction of the crown of the tooth) (2.3%). Smokers were more likely to have teeth with chronic apical periodontitis (p=0.002) and the prevalence of teeth after endodontic treatment (p=0.045). A positive correlation was observed between the prevalence of teeth after endodontic treatment and diabetes mellitus (p=0.040).Conclusion. A higher prevalence of chronic apical periodontitis and/or teeth after endodontic treatment in smokers and patients with diabetes mellitus may indicate a relationship between the condition of the oral cavity and a number of systemic diseases.

Association between Behçet's disease and apical periodontitis: A cross-sectional study.

The correlation between Behçet's disease (BD) and apical periodontitis (AP) has not been investigated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between BD and AP using different variables. A total of 98 individuals (49 with BD and 49 controls) were recruited for the study. The presence of AP was confirmed through radiographic and clinical examination in all patients. The following data was evaluated in both the BD group and the control group: the presence of teeth with AP; the presence of root canal-treated (RCT) teeth; the presence of RCT teeth with AP; the severity of the disease; the types of medication taken; and the duration of the disease. The χ2 test and the logistic regression analysis were performed to ascertain the association between BD and AP. A total of 32 patients in the BD group and 12 patients in the control group presented with AP. The prevalence of teeth with AP was significantly higher in the BD group than in the control group (odds ratio = 5.804, p < 0.05). The χ2 analysis demonstrated a statistically significant association between AP and both gender and BD activity (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the logistic regression analysis indicated that the severity of the disease was a predictor of BD (p < 0.05). A significantly higher prevalence of AP was observed in patients with BD. However, the success rate of endodontic treatment in patients with BD was comparable to that observed in healthy individuals.

Comparison of Dental Findings with Computed Tomographic and Clinical Examination in Patients with End-Stage Heart Failure.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of pre-existing computed tomography (CT) examinations for the detection of dental pathologies compared with clinical dental examination in patients with end-stage heart failure. Methods: For this purpose, 59 patients with end-stage heart failure and pre-existing non-dental CT images of the craniofacial region were included. Virtual orthopantomograms (vOPG) were reconstructed. Dental pathologies were analyzed in vOPG and source-CT images. Imaging and clinical findings less than 6 months apart were compared (n = 24). Results: The subjective image quality of vOPG was more often rated as insufficient than CT (66%; 20%; p < 0.01). Depending on examination (CT, vOPG or clinic), between 33% and 92% of the patients could require dental intervention such as treatment of caries and periodontitis or tooth extraction. vOPG led to a higher (80%) prevalence of teeth requiring treatment than CT (39%; p < 0.01). The prevalence of teeth requiring treatment was similar in CT (29%) and clinic (29%; p = 1.00) but higher in vOPG (63%; p < 0.01). CT (stage 3 or 4: 42%) and vOPG (38%) underestimated the stage of periodontitis (clinic: 75%; p < 0.01). Conclusions: In conclusion, available CT images including the craniofacial region from patients with end-stage heart failure may contain valuable information regarding oral health status. The assessability of vOPGs might be insufficient and must be interpreted with caution.

Double Teeth and Coexistent Anomalies: Examples From Continental Africa.

Whether gemination or fusion, double teeth are rare worldwide, including Africa based on few published data. New cases from the continent are tallied, and anomalies potentially associated with double teeth are identified. These findings should interest a range of dental researchers. The presence of double teeth was recorded in 97 modern and premodern North and sub-Saharan African samples (5631 inds.). They and coexistent anomalies are described relative to published examples. Prevalence was estimated as possible, using a Poisson model for 95% confidence intervals (CI). Three maxillary double teeth were identified: a primary left lateral incisor in a Nubian child (1938-1756 BC), permanent left central incisor in an adult Egyptian (3650-3500 BC), and permanent right central incisor in a modern (19th century) adult from Guinea. Each co-occurs, respectively, with a talon cusp, peg lateral incisor and, in the latter individual, second premolar crown variation with rotation, and third molar dens evaginatus. Double tooth prevalence is 0.048% (CI 0.001%-0.270%), with regional variation, in premodern, and 0.000% in modern North Africans. It is 0.000% for premodern and 0.048% for modern sub-Saharan Africans (0.008%-1.714%). The double incisors are comparable to other global examples, indicative of common developmental processes during odontogenesis. Prevalence is lower than published modern rates, to suggest some exceptionality in Africans as reported earlier for other dental variants. Finally, though circumstantial, double teeth and accompanying anomalies may share an etiology. Continuing research overall, and in Africa specifically, will promote an improved understanding of double teeth formation and expression.

Initial screening for dental abnormalities identified by labial and buccal photographs in dogs and cats.

To evaluate the dental abnormalities by visually assessing the labial and buccal photographs in dogs and cats and analyze their prevalence based on age and breed. 1,096 client-owned dogs and 775 client-owned cats. Data were collected from patients who visited 26 private veterinary clinics from January to December 2022. Each animal was evaluated through dental photographs taken from the labial and buccal sides. Correlations between the prevalence of the identified dental abnormalities and age, craniofacial type, and breed, were analyzed. Calculus, discoloration, epulis, fractured teeth, gingival recession, gingivitis, malocclusion, missing teeth, and persistent deciduous teeth could be identified by analyzing the dental photographs in both dogs and cats. Enamel defects in dogs and tooth resorption in cats could be identified. Brachycephalic dogs had a significantly higher prevalence of malocclusion (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.36 to 2.75) and missing teeth (OR, 3.63; 95% CI, 2.71 to 4.91) compared to nonbrachycephalic dogs. Brachycephalic cats had a significantly higher prevalence of fractured teeth (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.24 to 3.04) and a lower prevalence of gingival recession (OR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.55) compared to nonbrachycephalic cats. Calculus, persistent deciduous teeth, and possibly gingivitis could be identified in dogs and cats by analyzing labial and buccal photographs. The assessment of some dental abnormalities such as fractured teeth, missing teeth, and tooth resorption can be limited without a complete dental examination under anesthesia. Although the assessment of dental conditions may be underestimated, the data on the prevalence of the dental abnormalities evaluated through the photographs could be utilized for screening dental diseases.

Prevalence of tooth agenesis and supernumerary teeth related to different Thai cleft lip and cleft palate populations

BackgroundPattern of dental anomalies encountered in cleft patients shows subtle signs of genetic involvement. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and pattern of tooth agenesis and supernumerary teeth in Thai cleft population according to the cleft type.MethodsData collected from patients with cleft lip and palate, who had been treated at Tawanchai Cleft Center, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, available during year 2012–2022, were investigated. Records from 194 patients with non-syndromic clefts met the inclusion criteria. Standard dental records, and at least either orthopantomogram (OPG) or cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), were examined. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square and binominal test (p ≤ 0.05).ResultsPrevalence of tooth agenesis was higher (77.3%) than that of supernumerary teeth (5.7%) and was more common in bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) (88.1%) than in unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) (72.6%) (p = 0.017). The upper lateral incisor was more frequently affected (46.4%), followed by the upper second premolar. The number of missing teeth observed on the left side was significantly higher. Patients with left UCLP (ULCLP) had the highest prevalence of tooth agenesis. A total of 41 tooth agenesis code (TAC) patterns was found. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth was comparable with 6.6% of ULCLP, 5.1% of BCLP, and 4.5% of URCLP. Tooth-number anomalies were observed more often in the BCLP and were most likely to occur on the left side of the maxilla. Both types of anomalies could be featured in a small proportion of cleft patients.ConclusionsMore than half of the patients with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate in this study, presented with tooth-number anomalies. Tooth agenesis was approximately 10-time more prevalent than supernumerary teeth. Tooth agenesis was likely to appear on the left-side of the maxilla regardless of the laterality of the cleft.

The prevalence and characteristics of supernumerary teeth in nonsyndromic dental patients of a Turkish subpopulation

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of supernumerary premolar teeth (SPs) in a Turkish sub-population of non-syndromic patients using digital panoramic radiography (DPR) based on gender and age. Characteristics such as number, shape, direction, position, status of eruption and degree of formation were also analysed. The study also aimed to evaluate the incidence of supernumerary premolar teeth and related complications in the community. Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of DPRs from 11960 patients. Participants were aged 15 years and over. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics with SPSS software. The relationship between SP teeth and gender, maxillary-mandibular location, right-left location, unilateral-bilateral distribution, and type was evaluated separately using a one-way chi-squared test. A significance level of 0.05 was used. Results: The age range of the participants was 15-97 years with a mean age of 38.84 years. Forty-nine SP teeth were found in 35 patients (%0.29). Of the 35 patients with SP teeth, 26 had only one, while the rest had several. 39 of the SP teeth were fully impacted, 6 partially erupted and 4 fully erupted. 43 were supplemental, 5 conical, and 1 tuberculate. No odontoma was found. No complications were observed in 83.7% (41) of the SP teeth. Conclusions: The study showed that the incidence of supernumerary premolars in this population was 0.29%. Most SPs were impacted and showed no symptoms. Early diagnosis of SPs with digital panoramic radiography is crucial to prevent potential complications.

Prevalence and Pattern of Tooth Impaction: A Radiographic Study in a Trinidadian Population.

The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of impacted third molars in a Trinidadian population. A total of 1500 orthopantomograms (OPG) taken at the School of Dentistry, University of the West Indies, from 2008 to 2019 in patients between 15 and 67 years old were evaluated. From the data collected, the prevalence of third molar impaction, the parameters of gender, angulation, level of impaction, and associated pathologies were evaluated. Other types of impacted teeth were also recorded. Of the 1500 OPG viewed, 408 (27.2%) of the study sample presented with at least one impacted third molar. 161 (39.5%) were males and 247 (60.5%) were females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.5. There was a greater incidence of mandibular third molars versus maxillary third molars, which had a frequency of 77.9% and 22.1%, respectively. The most common type of impaction (Winter's classification) was horizontal in the mandible and distoangular in the maxilla. The most common level of impaction in the mandible (Pell and Gregory classification) was level 1A. The total number of impacted teeth was 775, and of these, 75 (9.7%) showed other impacted teeth besides the third molars. Canines and second premolars were the most prevalent with 7.6% and 1.5%, respectively. Caries on the second molar (49.3%) and third molars (40%) were the most frequently associated pathologies identified. The prevalence of impacted wisdom teeth in this study was 27%. These results raise awareness and provide insight among dental professionals in Trinidad as to the prevalence of impacted third molars, their patterns, as well as commonly associated pathologies, and the need for screening within the population.

The prevalence of impacted and supernumerary teeth among Libyans attending a university hospital

In this study, we examined the prevalence of impacted and supernumerary teeth in Libyans based on their age, gender, and type of teeth.: Data sources were 374 patients referred to the University Hospital at Benghazi and Almarj as part of this study, including their clinical records. Age, gender, the number of impacted/supernumerary teeth, the type and frequency of impacted/supernumerary teeth, and other variables were examined and processed.: A total of 374 patients were examined, of which 295 (78.8%) were female, and 79 (21.2%) were male, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:3.7. Among patients with impacted teeth, 194 (35.8%) had one, 134 (31.5%) had two, and 139 (32.7%) had three or more impacted teeth. Of 585 impacted teeth, there were only 23 premolars (3.93%), 10 supernumerary teeth (1.7%), 2 impacted molar (0.34%), 7 impacted incisors (1.19%), 2 impacted odontome (0.34%) and 2 impacted deciduous teeth (0.34%).: The third molars revealed the highest frequency of impaction (P&amp;#60;0.001), while the number of impacted teeth of the mandible was more than that of the maxilla (P&amp;#60;0.001). Among the most commonly impacted teeth, the maxillary canines were the most commonly impacted teeth and the mesiodens were the most frequent supernumeraries. To prevent malocclusion and malalignment of permanent teeth, it is crucial to detect supernumerary and impacted teeth early with panoramic radiographs.

Dens invaginatus: a review of its aetiology, diagnosis and clinical management

Dens invaginatus is a developmental anomaly predominantly occurring in maxillary lateral incisors, resulting in the invagination of the enamel into the dentine. This infolded area creates a void enabling the stagnation of bacteria and development of dental caries. If left untreated the caries may progress and ultimately result in pulpal necrosis. The treatment of these teeth can be challenging due to the potential complexity of the lesion. It is essential that teeth with dens invaginatus are diagnosed early allowing prophylactic treatment and prevention of pulpal necrosis. This article aims to review the aetiology, prevalence, classification, diagnosis, treatment and orthodontic considerations of teeth affected by dens invaginatus. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Knowledge of dens invaginatus enables early diagnosis, effective management and, therefore, the best treatment outcomes.

Oral health status of Egyptian children with lysosomal storage diseases: An evaluation of dental indices, salivary cytokines level, and bacterial bioburden.

Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), a group of inborn errors of metabolism, include various subtypes, for example, mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) and Gaucher disease (GD). Besides the physical/mental disabilities, they suffer from several oral deteriorations. To evaluate the oral health status of Egyptian children with LSD. Thirty LSD children and thirty non-LSD children were enrolled for this study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Dental indices were used to assess caries prevalence and periodontal status. Saliva samples were collected from all enrolled children to estimate interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and protein levels as well as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli colony counts. Children with MPS and GD showed non-significant differences in decayed, missing, or filled teeth (DMFT) scores (p = .115). Scores of dmft showed a significant increase in MPS, but not in GD children (p = .020, p = .127). Children with LSD showed significantly increased Modified Gingival Index (MGI), Plaque Index (PI), Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-s) scores (p < .001) and salivary IL-6 and TNF-α (p = .007, p = .001, p < .0001, p = .002, respectively) and salivary total proteins (p = .001) levels. Unexpectedly, non-significant differences were observed in salivary Streptococcus mutans or Lactobacilli counts in children with MPS and GD (p = .058, p = .420, p = .502, p = .053, respectively). To our knowledge, this is the first article that evaluates Egyptian children with LSD. We demonstrated high caries prevalence in primary teeth, not permanent teeth, in children with MPS and poor gingival/hygiene status in children with MPS and GD, which triggered a state of inflammation. The daily supplement intake prevented oral bacterial growth. The most probable cause of oral alterations is decreased salivary flow rate, as deduced from a significantly increased salivary protein.

Assessment of prevalence and distribution of congenital missing teeth among patients visiting tertiary care hospital: A radiographic study

IntroductionDental Agenesis is the usual developmental dental anomaly involving both primary and permanent dentition but most commonly it affects the permanent teeth. Genetic mutations in genes like MSX, PAX9,TGFA and AXIN2 are the likely primary contributors to tooth agenesis. Identifying the prevalence and distribution of congenital missing teeth allows for early detection and intervention which is crucial for preventing or mitigating potential dental issues that may arise due to missing teeth. Aim & objectivesTo assess the prevalence and distribution of congenitally missing teeth across different quadrants of the jaw among patients visiting to the Dental out patient department at Tertiary Care Centre of Lucknow city. Material & methodA Questionnaire and orthopantomogram based cross-sectional study was conducted on both male and female patients aged between 15 and 30 years, coming for evaluation of their dental health problems to the hospital. Written informed consent was obtained. ResultsThe overall prevalence of CMT was found to be 33.3 %. The significant difference was observed in proportion of CMT between Maxilla and Mandible sites (p = 0.008). Higher prevalence was in females compared to males for both maxillary and mandibular congenital missing teeth. (p = 0.020). ConclusionThe most common CMT were third molars followed by lateral incisors. The insights derived from the study would aid dental professional in gaining a deeper comprehension of tooth agenesis.

Pre-eruptive intramural resorption in unerupted teeth: a cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of prevalence and related factors

ObjectivePre-eruptive intramural resorption (PEIR) is defined as an abnormal, well-circumscribed radiolucency within the coronal dentin of the tooth, which is often overlooked in plain radiographs. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of PEIR and its related factors using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).MethodsCBCT images of 590 unerupted teeth were evaluated for the presence of PEIR, location of PEIR, number of lesions in the affected tooth, PEIR score, tooth angulation, tooth position, and pericoronal space. Binary logistic tests were used to analyze the association between the characteristics of PEIR and the patient’s demographic data and related factors.ResultsThe tooth prevalence of PEIR was 13.6% among unerupted teeth. However, it was noteworthy that 19.2% of the unerupted teeth with PEIR were planned to be kept. PEIR was significantly associated with transverse (p = 0.020), inverted-angulated (p = 0.035), and centrally-positioned teeth (p = 0.043). The severity of PEIR was more pronounced in teeth with distal (p = 0.019), lingual (p = 0.023), or inverted-angulated (p = 0.040) positions, and in the absence of pericoronal space (p = 0.036).ConclusionPEIR should be suspected in transverse, inverted-angulated, centrally positioned unerupted teeth, particularly in molars, with no pericoronal space. Further monitoring through CBCT is recommended in such cases.Clinical relevanceThe management of unerupted teeth does not always involve surgical removal. Instead, they could be utilized for artificial eruption or tooth transplantation. The present study emphasizes the significance of early detection of PEIR. Clinical recommendations for screening PEIR in unerupted teeth are also proposed, which can be applied to routine plain radiographs.

Comparative Analysis of Dental Health Outcomes from Two Outreach Camps in Zanzibar, Tanzania: 2019 and 2023

Background: In low- and middle-income countries, oral health is frequently marginalized due to limited dental care access. This cross-sectional study assesses the outcomes of dental outreach camps in Zanzibar, Tanzania, organized in 2019 and 2023, to understand their impact on addressing local oral health needs over a four-year span. Methods: The study involved a thorough examination and analysis of clinical dental health data from both outreach camps. In 2019, 224 patients were examined, and in 2023, the number increased to 354. The assessment covered various dental health parameters, including dental caries, DMFT/dmft indices, enamel fluorosis, dental trauma, oral mucosa lesions, and non-carious tooth surface loss. Results: The analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in dental caries among adolescents and teens, decreasing from 62.5% in 2019 to 35.59% in 2023 (p &lt; 0.0001). Similarly, the prevalence of teeth missing due to caries showed marked reductions from 40.2% to 9.04% in adolescents and teens (p &lt; 0.0001) and from 25.89% to 11.86% among preschool and school-aged children (p = 0.004). Moreover, a significant change was observed in the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) scores, with cases showing no erosive tooth wear (BEWE = 0) decreasing from 49.1% to 33.3% (p = 0.016), and cases with initial loss of enamel surface texture (BEWE = 1) increasing from 47.3% to 61% (p = 0.044). Conclusions: The outreach camps conducted in 2019 and 2023 showed tangible improvements in certain dental health metrics, particularly a reduction in dental caries and missing teeth due to caries among adolescents and teens. However, the uptick in non-carious tooth surface loss points to emerging dental health concerns. These results underline the importance of sustained and targeted dental health interventions to improve oral health outcomes in underserved communities such as Zanzibar.

Five parapremolars in a non-syndromic patient: A case report

Supernumerary teeth or hyperdontia are additional or an excessive number of teeth present in normal deciduous or permanent dentition. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth is between 0.1 and 3.8% in permanent dentition and between 0.3 and 0.8% in deciduous dentition. In Sabah, the prevalence of supernumerary teeth is 10.32% among orthodontic patients. The condition is more common in male patients. A case report involved a fit and healthy 19-year-old male student who presented with multiple supernumeraries. Upon clinical examination, there were three erupted supernumeraries on the bilateral mandibular premolar region, and additional two impacted supernumeraries being discovered after further radiographic investigation. This anomaly was found during an annual dental school checkup program. The patient had congenital absence of the lower left third molar. Primary dental care was carried out such as filling for carious teeth, scaling, oral hygiene reinforcement and regular monitoring. The patient declined any other dental treatment options such as extraction of the non-functioning supernumerary parapremolar teeth, or orthodontic treatment to improve his malocclusion. Currently, the patient is under oral hygiene maintenance with regular dental follow-ups. In a nutshell, the importance of regular dental follow-ups and review is crucial to monitor any signs and symptoms of pathology such as cystic formation of unerupted supernumeraries. Reinforcement of oral hygiene and caries risk assessment should be carried out during reviews to improve and maintain the patient’s quality of life.