Tons Of Soybeans Research Articles

Geographic Information System-Based Analysis of Reclaimable Idle Cropland for Agrivoltaics in Kansai, Japan: Enhancing Energy and Food Security

Decarbonization and idle cropland reclaiming pose critical policy challenges. Agrivoltaic systems (AVSs), which merge agriculture and photovoltaics, offer a promising solution by reducing land use conflicts between agriculture and energy production. This study develops a GIS-based methodology to identify reclaimable idle croplands and assess the AVS’s contribution to agriculture and photovoltaic energy in Japan’s Kansai region. Using official geographic data and excluding high-risk areas, this study employs GIS for quantitative analysis. Our method detected more reclaimable idle cropland than previous studies. Focusing on food security while limiting AVS installations to reclaimable idle croplands could still generate up to 4564.08 GWh of electricity (0.8% of regional consumption) and 930.82 tons of soybeans (6.2% of regional yield). Under a more stringent scenario that excludes areas less suitable for solar power, 5 of 227 municipalities could achieve 15% electricity self-sufficiency through AVS. This research uncovers the existence of reclaimable idle croplands that could not be detected by existing methods and a decentralized power source available alongside food security maintenance. These insights will inform decarbonization and agricultural policy and guide the development of supportive and regulatory AVS frameworks.

RESEARCH OF SOYBEAN SEED QUALITY INDICATORS

The article provides a study of the current state of global soybean production, the dynamics of sown areas, yield and gross harvest of soybeans in Ukraine over the past five years. World soybean production is almost 352 million tons, and the leaders are always the USA, Brazil, and Argentina, which in 2017 collected a record 286 million tons of soybeans, which is 82% of world production. China (12.3 million tons), India (11.5 million tons) and Paraguay (10.3 million tons) are also among the leading producers. Ukraine was ranked 8th among the leading countries in soybean production. Also, soybeans have been in the leading positions in the domestic agricultural market for many years, along with grain crops, in export and processing for food and fodder purposes, and also have a strategically important role in ensuring the country's food and economic security. Soybean seeds contain 38–42% protein, 18–23% fat, 25–30% carbohydrates, as well as enzymes, vitamins, and minerals. Due to its rich and diverse chemical composition, soybean has no equal in terms of production growth rates, and it has long been widely used as a universal food, fodder and oil crop. The regions of the country with the largest sown areas of soybeans are given, and the place of Ukraine in the world market, both in terms of production and trade of soybeans, is clarified. Factors that should be taken into account when planning to increase the area under soybeans are given. Grain quality control is a complex process that includes a combination of various factors. However, this is a very important stage, as it makes it possible to make Ukrainian grain competitive on the world market. Studies of organoleptic and physicochemical quality indicators of soybean samples of the 2022 harvest are presented. It is shown that the test samples have the color and shape characteristic of normal soybean seeds, without musty, moldy and extraneous smell. The mass fraction of moisture, oil, the content of garbage and grain impurities do not exceed the normative values. Pest infestation was not detected in any of the studied samples. The mass fraction of protein in terms of dry matter in the experimental samples was 32.1–33.9, which does not correspond to DSTU 4964:2008. "Soy. Technical conditions" (the value should be at least 35%) and USDA requirements.

Aridification, precipitations and crop productivity: evidence from the aridity index

Abstract The economic effects of global warming have gained considerable attention in the recent economic literature. While the relationship between rainfall and agriculture is well known, precipitations alone do not capture the soil water availability, which depends on the evaporation of the water (potential evapotranspiration [PET]). This paper presents evidence of the relationship between aridification and agricultural productivity. We show that areas that have experienced increased precipitations have become arider due to increased PET. We then project future aridification patterns. We find that the global arid area will increase by 3.9 per cent by 2040. This implies a global loss of about 20 million tons of maize, 19 million tons of rice, 8 million tons of soybeans and 21 million tons of wheat until 2040 if no action to combat desertification is taken.

Europe's Farm to Fork Strategy and Its Commitment to Biotechnology and Organic Farming: Conflicting or Complementary Goals?

The European Commission's Farm to Fork (F2F) strategy, under the European Green Deal, acknowledges that innovative techniques, including biotechnology, may play a role in increasing sustainability. At the same time, organic farming will be promoted, and at least 25% of the EU's agricultural land shall be under organic farming by 2030. How can both biotechnology and organic farming be developed and promoted simultaneously to contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)? We illustrate that achieving the SDGs benefits from the inclusion of recent innovations in biotechnology in organic farming. This requires a change in the law. Otherwise, the planned increase of organic production in the F2F strategy may result in less sustainable, not more sustainable, food systems.

Формирование поясов сельскохозяйственных культур для развития национальных инновационных кластеров

The aim of the paper is to study the foreign practice in the formation of innovative agro-industrial clusters and to substantiate scientifically the formation of the Russian soybean agricultural belt with the infrastructure providing selection and production of non-GMO soybean in the required volume for domestic consumption and exports. Comparative and system analysis, situational approach, and field experiments were used for the research. As a result of the study, the US experience in the formation of soybean growing clusters was studied. It was found that soybeans are the predominant crop cultivated on irrigated lands in the states of Mississippi, Arkansas, and Nebraska, where the share of soybeans on irrigated lands reaches 59%. The soybean exports are essential to the economies of the United States, Argentina, and Brazil. The main soybeans are exported to China, the consumption of which is estimated at about 100 million tons of soybeans, and it is worth almost $40 billion. For Russia, the proximity to the world leader in imports of soybeans, China, could be one of the advantages in the expansion of supplies to this country, what would stimulate the development of soybean production and the formation of national innovative clusters. The soybean production is based on high-yielding cultivars adapted to local growing conditions. The selection of cultivars without the use of GMO technologies gives the opportunity of having competitive advantages in the organic market. The newest cultivars of the Russian selection are “VNIIOZ 86” and “Volgogradka 1”, which make it possible to obtain 3–4 tons per hectare on chestnut soils of Volgograd region. The formation of a soybean belt will provide a synergistic effect in soybean selection, organization of soybean production, and independence from foreign seed markets. Under the government support within a specialized cluster the core of which should be research institutes providing the scientific and selection core of the soybean agricultural belt in the South of Russia, the production of soybeans can be organized in volumes that cover the needs of the domestic market and increasing supplies to the world food market.

Optimasi Pendapatan Produksi Tahu Dan Tempe di Pabrik Mai Meres Menggunakan Program Linier Integer

The Mai Meres factory is a micro small and medium enterprise (MSME) established in 2005 thatproduces tofu and tempe, located in the city of Sumbawa Besar, West Nusa Tenggara. In this factorythere are 4 types of production, namely large tofu (???????? ), small tofu (???????? ), plastic wrap tempe (???????? ) andbanana leaf wrap tempe (???????? ). The resources used for production consist of raw materials (soybeans,yeast, and vinegar), the number of workers, working hours (employee hours and employee hours) andfuel. So far, the chair of the Mai Meres factory has not done a mathematical analysis to analyze itsbusiness in optimizing its business revenue by taking into account the limitations of available businessresources. The analysis process can be carried out by arranging the problem model into a linearinteger program model then the model is solved using POM for Windows software. Based on theresults of the analysis, an optimal monthly income is Rp. 36.858.000,-. This amount of optimal incomeachieved when the factory uses the entire available stock of resources namely 3 tons of soybeans, 40conductors of tofu acids, 50 packs of yeast, 5 employees, the average working hours of employees 300hours, as well as the average working hours of tofu machines and tempeh are 60 hours and 30 hours,respectively.

Glyphosate: quantities a hundred times above the safe limit for human consumption in Brazil

Abstract Brazil is experiencing a situation never before seen in terms of environmental destruction. The expansion of monocultures has increasingly destroyed nature and this also has an impact on the increase in land concentration, rural exodus, poverty and hunger in the countryside. Transgenics allowed the expansion of areas to regions previously not suitable for monoculture production, requiring less labor and more pesticides. Just to produce 68.1 million tons of soybeans, exported last year, it required a quantity of water that could supply 2.03 billion people worldwide. This is the deficit of Brazilian agribusiness that cannot be calculated. If we calculate the expenditures of the public health system as a result of the use of pesticides, this will prove to be increasingly unsustainable. Recently, researchers found amounts of glyphosate a hundred times above the safe limit for human consumption in a stock of wheat stored in a silo in southern Brazil. The official speech of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) of Brazil is that the record release of pesticides is necessary due to the country's tropical climate. Universities and public research institutes have an important responsibility at this time: to investigate this type of problem and to allow its results to be available to an increasingly critical publicity. Brazil is experiencing a context of clear attacks on public institutions by the current federal government, either with cuts in the transfer of economic resources, or with the scrapping and attempts to destroy its image before public opinion. It is necessary to promote the training of citizen scientists in the field of Environmental Health, in order to be committed to the information to be produced and to the process of critical reflection on social development. Key messages To present an emerging issue in Brazil, related to Glyphosate, when researchers found amounts of glyphosate a hundred times above the safe limit for human consumption in southern Brazil. To present the concern in promoting the training of citizen scientists in the field of Environmental Health, as well as promoting the process of critical reflection and social development.

Comparison of Compositions of Imported Genetically Modified and Organic Soybeans Purchased from Taiwan Market

Soybean is an excellent source of plant-derived protein, and soy products are one of the important protein sources for vegetarians in Taiwan. Soybean production in Taiwan is not self-sufficient. Taiwan imports 2.5 million tons of soybeans annually. More than 90% of the imported soybeans are genetically modified. To provide an objective assessment on safety of genetically modified soybean and for post-market monitoring, we conducted a comparative assessment on key component compositions between imported genetically modified and organic soybeans. All the soybean samples were purchased from the local market to simulate the status of Taiwanese consumers purchasing soybeans. The genetically modified soybean samples were herbicide-tolerant soybeans. The contents of the proximate, the amino acid composition, the fatty acid composition, vitamins, minerals, isoflavones, and anti-nutritional factors of soybean samples were analyzed. Most contents of the key components of the genetically modified soybean had no significant difference with those of the organic soybean in this study. However, the contents of cysteine and -linoleic acid were significantly lower in the genetically modified soybean samples, and the contents of crude fat, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, vitamin K1, and calcium were significantly higher in the genetically modified soybean samples. But they were all within the range of reference values. A total of 314 pesticide residues in each of the samples were analyzed. Only glyphosate residue was detected in the genetically modified soybean samples, but it is well below the threshold prescribed by the government. In summary, the imported genetically modified and organic soybeans purchased from Taiwan market were shown to be substantially equivalent in composition.

Compositional analysis of genetically modified soybeans placed on Taiwan market

Soybean is an important protein source for consumers in Taiwan. Soybean production in Taiwan is not self-sufficient. Taiwan imports 2.5 million tons of soybeans annually. More than 90% of the imported soybeans are genetically modified (GM). To provide an objective assessment on safety of GM soybean and for post-market monitoring, we conducted a comparative assessment on key component compositions between imported GM soybean and local non-GM soybean from Taiwan. All the soybean samples were purchased from the local market to simulate the status of Taiwanese consumers in purchasing soybeans. The GM soybean samples were herbicide-tolerant soybeans. The content of the proximate, the amino acid composition, the fatty acid composition, vitamins, minerals, antinutritional factors, and isoflavones of soybean samples were analyzed. Most contents of the key components of the GM soybean had no significant difference with those of the non-GM soybean. However, the contents of ash, crude protein, amino acids, myristic acid, behenic acid, phosphorus, iron and phytic acid were significantly lower in the GM soybean samples, and the contents of crude fat, margaric acid, and stearic acid were significantly higher in the GM soybean samples. But they were all within the range of reference values. A total of 314 pesticide residues in each of the samples were analyzed. Glyphosate residue was detected only in GM soybean samples, but it is well below the threshold prescribed by the government. In summary, the GM soybean samples purchased from Taiwan market were shown to be substantially equivalent to non-GM soybeans.

ГЛОБАЛЬНІ ВИКЛИКИ ДЛЯ ОЛІЙНО-ЖИРОВОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ УКРАЇНИ У 2020 РОЦІ

The article deals with the problems of the oil and fat industry in the 2020-2021 marketing year and the main reasons for their occurrence. The strategic importance of the oil and fat industry for the country's economy as a whole has been determined. The performance of this industry, since 1999, when the export duty on sunflower seeds was introduced, annually continues to confirm the advantages of the economy's transition from a raw material type, turning into a raw material appendage for the economies of developed countries, to the creation of a competitive product with high added value within the country. The article pointed out that a 15% drop in the yield of oilseeds in 2020 significantly influenced the formation of a pricing policy for oilseeds and negatively affected the activities of processing enterprises. The necessity of state intervention in case of uncontrolled growth of prices for raw materials and the maximum restriction of export of raw materials from the country are substantiated. The food security of our country and the development of domestic agriculture largely depend on the quality of decisions made at the state level today. For the stable and dynamic development of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine, and in particular the oil and fat industry, it is necessary to maintain active cooperation between the state and business, which will help to attract foreign investments more actively and produce products with higher added value. It was found that with the total processing capacity of oilseeds at the level of 23 mln tons per year, there is a need to contain exports as much as possible. Since a maximum of 16 million tons of sunflower and about 1 million tons of soybeans and rapeseed are processed, there is a need to increase processing by introducing an export duty on all oilseeds, thus stimulating not the export of raw materials, but the processing and export of final products.

Correlation between agricultural production, clinical and demographic variables and prostate cancer: an ecological study

Risk factors involved in the etiology of prostate cancer are not well known. The objective of this study was to explore correlations among variables relating to agricultural production, the use of health services, food consumption and socio-demographic characteristics and prostate cancer mortality rates in Brazilian states. Univariate analysis of spatial data for investigation of global spatial autocorrelation in prostate cancer mortality rates in Brazilian states between 2005 and 2009 was conducted. Using bivariate analysis, the correlation between socio-demographic indicators, agricultural production data, variables related to the use of health services dietary intake variables and prostate cancer mortality rates were examined. The production of soybeans and corn were positively correlated with prostate cancer mortality. In multiple linear spatial regression, the variables that showed an association with mortality rates from prostate cancer were tons of soybeans produced (p = 0.030), proportion of the population aged 80 and over (p < 0.001) and consumption of beverages (p < 0.001). A positive correlation between tons of soybeans planted and mortality from prostate cancer was identifed, suggesting the possible existence of an association between exposure to pesticides and prostate cancer.

The Big Question

The Big Question

Performance of soybean varieties in hilly areas

Abstract not availableBangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(1): 107-108

Relato de campo: o Paraná na era global, da refinaria ao porto de Paranaguá

The conducted fieldwork has the purpose of approaching the economic aspects of Parana. The places visited are the Refinery President Getulio Vargas (REPAR) in Araucaria, and the port of Paranagua in Paranagua. The accomplishment of the work contemplates what was previously discussed in classroom, in the discipline, Networks and economic dynamics, in Geography Post-Graduation Program, that occurred in the period between August 17, 2011 to October 03, 2011. The first point was the visit to REPAIR, a petroleum refinery controlled by Petrobras which distributes its derivatives, supplying all Parana State and a large portion of the South and Southeast of Brazil, and exports to other countries: Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, Uruguay and other countries in the Caribbean; reaching 12% of the total of petroleum refining production in the country. The second point was the visit to the Port of Paranagua, one of the largest ports in Brazil, it exports tons of soybeans and circulates a diversity of goods and transports at the port. Finally, the aim of this study is to understand in practice the economic dynamics of Parana, through the visited places in the field.

Value addition to locally produced soybean in Ghana: production of soy sauce using starter culture fermentation.

Ghana produces about 50,000 metric tons of soy beans per annum, of which only about 15 metric tons are utilized. One aspect of utilizing the beans is in the production of soy sauce, a product whose demand is on the increase due to changing food habits of the Ghanaian society. A preliminary attempt to produce soy sauce from the cultivated beans using starter culture fermentation approach was therefore investigated. A mixture of cooked soybean mash and roasted wheat was inoculated with Aspergillus oryzae (ATCC 46240) under aseptic conditions and allowed to ferment for five days. This fermented solid mash referred to as “koji” was then mixed with an eighteen per cent brine solution and subjected to further fermentation for three months to constitute the “moromi” stage of soy sauce production. At the end of fermentation, the “moromi” was filtered and coloured with either caramel or molasses. Chemical and sensory analysis on the resultant product showed it to be comparable and in some instances superior to commercial products on the market. This simple biotechnological method could be used to add value to surplus soy beans on the Ghanaian market.Journal of Science and Technology (Ghana) Vol. 27 (2) 2007: pp. 22-28

Energy analysis of a Kori-tofu plant

Consumption of energy was analysed on a Kori-tofu plant which processed 6 tons of soybeans per day, involving 13 operations such as wetmilling, extraction-denaturation of soy protein, coagulation, compression, freezing, thawing, drying and waste-water treatment. Total energy consumption per 1 kg of the dry Kori-tofu was 27·1 MJ of fuel energy (27·9 MJ of exergy) plus 8·3 MJ of electrical energy. Energy-intensive operations were the extraction-denaturation of soy protein and the drying for thermal energy, and the refrigeration and the waste-water treatment for electrical energy. The extraction-denaturation of soy protein consumed twice as much thermal energy as the drying. The waste-water treatment consumed more electrical energy than the whole manufacturing process. Points for energy conservation are discussed.