Tons Of Milk Research Articles

Do investments in phosphorus recovery from dairy processing wastewater pay off?

While phosphorus fertilizers contribute to food security, part of the introduced phosphorus dissipates into water bodies leading to eutrophication. At the same time, conventional mineral phosphorus sources are increasingly scarce. Therefore, closing phosphorus cycles reduces pollution while decreasing trade dependence and increasing food security. A major part of the phosphorus loss occurs during food processing. In this article, we combine a systematic literature review with investment and efficiency analysis to investigate the financial feasibility of recovering phosphorus from dairy processing wastewater. This wastewater is particularly rich in phosphorus, but while recovery technologies are readily available, they are rarely adopted. We calculate the Net Present Value (NPV) of investing in phosphorus recycling technology for a representative European dairy processing company producing 100,000 tonnes of milk per year. We develop sensitivity scenarios and adjust the parameters accordingly. Applying struvite precipitation, the NPV can be positive in two scenarios. First, if the phosphorus price is high (1.51 million EUR) or second if phosphorus recovery is a substitute for mandatory waste disposal (1.48 million EUR). However, for a variety of methodological specifications, the NPV is negative, mainly because of high input costs for chemicals and energy. These trade-offs between off-setting pollution and reducing energy consumption imply, that policy makers and investors should consider the energy source for phosphorus recovery carefully.

A Review on Current Scenario of Goat Population and Production in Rajasthan, India

The present assessment focuses on the goat industry in Rajasthan, with an emphasis on population and productivity. In India, the goat industry produces 1.21 million tons of goat meat (13.8%), 0.18 million tons of skins, and 6.26 million tons of milk (3%). Goats make up 50% of the total livestock population in Rajasthan and are the dominant species. As of 2019, there were 20.84 million goats in Rajasthan, which represents a 3.81% decrease from the previous census in 2012. Rajasthan produced a total of 3.10 million tons of goat milk and 95.23 thousand tons of goat meat in 2022-2023. The purpose of this review is to shed light on the current goat situation in Rajasthan and encourage entrepreneurship to establish more goat farms to improve the economic status of goat farmers in the region.

A Review of Biological Processes for Dairy Wastewater Treatment and the Effect of Physical Parameters Which Affect Their Efficiency

The global dairy sector produces upwards of 900 million tonnes of milk each year, resulting in 2.25 billion tonnes of wastewater being generated. This is significant in the South African context as a large percentage of the population lives without reliable access to clean, reliable water. The treatment of dairy wastewater (DWW) in this context would help alleviate the unavailability for many people in this country. DWW has a high fat content along with a high chemical oxygen demand (COD), which makes it problematic to dispose of. Biological treatment processes have shown great success in the remediation of this water. However, these are not without their shortfalls. A variety of biological processes have been listed here as well as suggestions to improve their effectiveness. To improve the treatment efficiency, there are two main lines of thinking: First, to optimise the process through the manipulation of the physical parameters of the systems (e.g., temperature, pH, hydraulic retention time (HRT), agitation, etc.). Second, to add either pre-treatment or post-treatment processes to the main process to increase the effectiveness of the entire process overall. These different options have been discussed, with suggestions being made on the way forward.

Survey of Dairy Products Using Machine Learning Techniques

The quality of dairy is of great importance in the food industry, as dairy is one of the main sources of proteins, calcium, vitamins and minerals that the human body needs. Dairy is found in many products, including milk, cream, and cheese, the most important of which is milk. It represents the basic and important element in people's lives, especially children, because it is an indispensable source for their growth, building their bones, and strengthening their bodies. Milk is a perishable product. Every gram of milk of poor quality or structure can cause tons of milk to spoil, causing significant financial losses and can lead to poisoning. Therefore, the quality and safety standards of this product are essential to ensure the provision of healthy and safe products to consumers. Determining the quality of the milk product is crucial for the purpose of monitoring to reduce potential losses and damages. The aim of this research is to provide a brief survey of the methods used in classifying milk quality using artificial intelligence methods, which include the use of machine learning algorithms through Identifying the most important and accurate methods and displaying the results reached using the known metrics: Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1_score.

Policy and Regulatory Frameworks Addressing Methane Emissions in Dairy Farming

Currently, there are more than 1 billion cows in the world that produce more than 1.5 billion tons of milk annually. According to the increasing demand for milk consumption in the world, it is predicted that by 2028, the number of these cows will reach more than 1.5 billion. In addition to increasing global warming, animal husbandry plays a significant role in the production of greenhouse gases, including methane*. Because each dairy cow can produce an average of 400 liters of methane per day. On the other hand, the production of methane in the rumen of animals causes an average loss of 6% of energy in animals**. Therefore, in recent years, strategies and techniques to reduce methane emissions in animal husbandry have attracted the attention of governments, researchers, animal husbandry and environmentally conscious consumers.

ПРЕВЕНТИВНАЯ СЕБЕСТОИМОСТЬ МОЛОКА – ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЙ И ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЙ ОРИЕНТИР ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ФИНАНСОВОЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАТАРСТАН

In the current state programs “Development of agriculture and regulation of agricultural products, raw materials and food markets”, both in the Russian Federation and in the Republic of Tatarstan, increasing the financial stability of agricultural producers is identified as one of the priority goals. The achievement of this goal is ensured by the economic efficiency of production, in particular, the proper level of profitability of products sold. In turn, this indicator functionally depends on the design and implementation of its preventive cost. The concept of “preventive cost” is exclusively the invention of the author of this work, arising from the internationally recognized theory of production cost management “Target costing”, according to which a commodity producer designs the quantitative value of the cost of production based on the prevailing market prices for it in order to obtain the expected profit. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that there is a linear correlation between the productivity of cows and the cost of milk, as well as between the latter and the current liquidity ratio of agricultural organizations. For agricultural organizations of the Republic of Tatarstan, which in 2022 produced 1372 thousand tons of milk and spent about 34 billion rubles on it, with an average cost of 1 kg of milk sold of 2566 rubles, the issue of working with the preventive cost of these products is very relevant. Since the average selling price was 3372 rubles, and the profitability was 31.4%. At the same time, in the surveyed twenty districts selected for various agricultural zones of the Republic of Tatarstan, 30% of agricultural organizations have an average milk profitability of 45.8%. In order to achieve the specified profitability at least at the first stage, the preventive cost of milk should be within 2313.2 rubles.

Farm management and economic factors associated with bulk tank total bacterial count in Holstein dairy herds in Iran.

The objectives of this research were (1) to study different factors affecting milk total bacterial count (TBC) and (2) to estimate the economic value associated with TBC in Holstein dairy herds in Iran. The relationships between bulk tank TBC and farm management and economic factors were examined on 56 randomly selected intensive dairy farms. Herd management factors associated with bulk tank TBC were determined using mixed linear models. The median bulk tank TBC for the sample herds was 299 (range 81-1185) × 103 cfu/ml. The average economic premium opportunity from bulk tank TBC was US$ 1.32 per ton of milk ranging from US$ 0.02 per ton of milk for herds applying wet tissue procedures as teat cleaning material and washing the water troughs three times per day to US$ 5.20 per ton of milk for herds with dirty barns. Results showed that the following management factors were associated with low TBC and high economic value: frequency of cleaning water troughs, teat cleaning material, the frequency of milk delivery to the processor, bedding material, herd size, education level of workers, udder washing material, material of milking parlor wall, frequency of disinfection of the calving area, presence of veterinarian, water quality control, having a hospital pen and barn hygiene. In conclusion, our findings highlight the need to pay more attention to farm management issues, particularly farm hygiene practices to reduce milk TBC and so reduce the economic burden of TBC in dairy herds in Iran.

GROWTH AND PROSPECTS OF DAIRY INDUSTRY IN INDIA: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY

Milk provides good nutrition and helps the income of people in rural areas of the country. This study examines the growth and development of the Indian dairy industry. This study examine about milk production and consumption in the country. This study tries to estimate the milk production in the country given the current production model. It explores the relationship between the countrys milk production and its international exports and imports. These findings will assist policy makers and the agricultural industry in making production decisions. Statistical data, estimation and correlation analysis were used during the research process to show the relationship between the production, consumption and distribution of dairy products. The study found that under the current production pattern in the country, India could produce around 217 million tons of milk by 2025. In 2016-17, the countrys milk consumption was 351 grams, 229 grams more than international milk. per person per day. Correlation analysis is used to determine whether there is a relationship between imports and exports of dairy products and milk. The findings show that milk has a positive (r = 0.220, p = 0.601) effect on exports of dairy products and a negative (r = 0.228, p = 0.588) effect on exports. The study found that there are many ways to promote, produce and distribute milk and its products that policymakers and the dairy industry can use to their advantage. KEYWORDS: Dairy Industry, Production, Consumption, Development, per capita milk availability and correlation analysis

Characteristics of the sanitary quality of milk in sick cows with purulent inflammation of the uterus when using the GEA Dairy ProQ robotic milking system

Purpose : to establish the role of reproductive pathologies in high-yielding cows in reducing the sanitary quality of milk at dairy enterprises using various milking systems. Materials and methods . The studies were carried out in high-tech dairy enterprises using GEA Dairy ProQ and Ley Astronaut robotic milking systems with cow productivity of more than 11 tons of milk per lactation. 4659 lactating cows were under observation. The selection of samples of uterine secretions, samples from the udder teats, the surface of the anogenital area, mammary gland and milk for bacteriological studies was carried out sterile, then they were sown on nutrient media. Results . The contents of the uterus with pyometra in 80% are contaminated with microorganisms: S. dysgalactiae – 29.1%, S. aureus – 26.4%, E. coli – 24.2%, and S. agalactiae – 20.3%. In 12% of cows, the microflora was isolated in monoculture. In samples of milk obtained from sick cows with uterine pathology using Ley Astronaut robotic milking, it showed 1.72 times lower sanitary safety, in comparison with samples obtained from clinically healthy animals and using the GEA Dairy ProQ robotic milking system. Conclusion . In samples of milk obtained from sick cows using the Ley Astronaut robotic milking system, a microbiological study found a decrease in the sanitary quality of milk, which is an obstacle in the production of cheese.

Can adoption of climate resilient management practices achieve carbon neutrality in traditional green revolution states of Punjab and Haryana?

Decreasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and enhancing soil carbon (C) sequestration in cropland are necessary to achieve carbon neutrality at national scale. The major objective of this study is to quantify the GHG mitigation potential of adopted climate resilient (CR) practices in CR villages using Ex-ACT tool developed by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Intensively cultivated area of Punjab and Haryana was selected for carrying out this study. In both the states, villages were selected by considering the climate for past 30 years. In the selected villages, a set of CR practices were implemented in annuals, perennials, irrigated rice, fertilizer use, land use change and livestock and quantified the GHG mitigation potential in these villages for next twenty years. The tool predicted that the CR practices adopted were successful in enhancing the overall sink (carbon balance) in all the study villages. The villages of Punjab had recorded higher mitigation potential as compared to the villages of Haryana. The overall sink potential in these villages ranged from −354 to −38309 Mg CO2-eq. The change in sink potential varied from 3.16 to 112% with lowest in Radauri and highest in Badhauchhi kalan village. The sink potential got doubled in Badhauchhi kalan village due to stopping rice straw burning and increase in area under perennials by 25%. The source potential varied from 6.33 to −7.44% across the study villages. Even with the implementation of NICRA, there was increase in source by 5.58 and 6.33% in Killi Nihal Singh Wala and Radauri due to irrigated rice, land use change and livestock. Majorly, rice straw burning was seen in most of the study villages, yet, with proper residue management and adoption of CR practices (mainly intermittent flooding) in rice cultivation resulted in emissions reduction up to 5–26% with enhanced productivity up to 15–18%, which can be considered for scaling up. Fertilizer management reduced the emissions by average of 13% across the study villages. Farm gate emission intensity per ton of milk and rice recorded highest emission intensity compared to annuals and perennials suggesting strict implementation of CR practices in rice cultivation and livestock sector. Implementation and scaling up of CR practices could potentially reduce the emissions and make the village C negative in intensive rice-wheat production system.

The first study on the impact of lumpy skin disease outbreaks on monthly milk production on dairy farms in Khon Kaen, Thailand.

Outbreaks of lumpy skin disease (LSD) have resulted in substantial economic losses to the dairy industry in Thailand. This study aimed to determine the influence of LSD outbreaks on monthly milk production levels. Milk production for dairy farms located in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand, belonging to the Khon Kaen Dairy Cooperative, was affected by LSD outbreaks from May to August of 2021. The resulting data were analyzed using general linear mixed models. It was estimated that the LSD outbreak caused economic losses totaling 2,413,000 Thai Baht (68,943 USD) over the outbreak period. The monthly farm milk production level in May differed from the levels in June and August. Dairy farmers experienced losses between 8.23 and 9.96 tons of milk each month, which equated to between 4180 and 14,440 Thai Baht (119.43 and 412.57 USD) in monthly income. This study demonstrated that LSD outbreaks on dairy farms resulted in significant farm milk production losses. Our findings will increase awareness among authorities and stakeholders in the dairy industry of Thailand, as well as to assist in the prevention of future LSD outbreaks and minimize the negative impacts of LSD.

CONCENTRATION OF DAIRY COW BREEDING AND COMPETITIVENESS OF POLISH FARMS SPECIALIZED IN MILK PRODUCTION

The article presents reasons for farmers to increase concentration in dairy cow breeding. The most important concerns the decrease in the unit profitability of milk production caused by a faster growth rate of labor costs and prices of means of production purchased by farmers than the selling prices of agricultural products. The result of the trends was a decrease in the number of dairy farms and the number of cows. In 1996-2020, the number of dairy farms decreased by 85% (to 198 thousand), and the number of cows decreased by 28.7% (to 2,468 thousand units). As a result, the average size of a herd of cows increased from 2.64 in 1996 to 12.64 units in 2020. At the same time, the milk yield of cows increased by 85%. The territorial diversification of the cow population also deepened. In 2020, 69.2% of the cow population was located in the following voivodships: Mazowieckie (21.1%), Podlaskie (18.9), Wielkopolskie (13.0%), Warmisko-Mazurskie (8.5%) and dzkie (7.7%). The analysis of the economic results of farms carried out in two periods 2008-2010 and 2018-2020 showed that farms with at least 24 cows with a total milk production of 129 tons in the first period and 144 tons of milk in the second period turned out to be able to compete. Farms with 62 cows with a total production of 494 tons of milk were fully competitive in the second period.

Milk productivity of Red-and-White cattle with different productive use

In the article, the authors studied the structure of the herd and the signs of milk productivity of Redand-White cattle with different durations of production use. It was found that cows dominate the herd structure under three calves (70.25%). As cows age into calves of 4 to 10, the cow population decreases per lactation by 0.7 to 4.27%. The most numerous is the group of cows at the age of 1 calving (33.68%), and the least numerous is the group of cows at the age of 10 calvings (0.55%). The dynamics of milk yield in cows was positive from the 1st to the 3rd lactation by 5.6%. With increasing age in lactations 4 to 7, milk yields decreased by 0.48-9.9%. The authors noted the highest milk yield in cows of the 3rd lactation (6580 kg), which exceeded the average milk yield for the herd by 9.1%. The minimum milk yield was in cows of the 10th lactation (5637 kg), to the herd’s milk yield less by 6.6%. The fat content in milk was, on average, 0.35 percentage points higher than the breed standard, or 9.2%; the protein content in milk was 0.13 percentage points higher, or 4.3%. The degree of realization of the productive potential of cows depends on the level of productivity obtained over their entire production period. The average milk productivity of red-and-white cows in the breeding herd over the past three years was 6048 kg with productive use of 2.8 lactations. The average milk yield per cow during the effective period was 16934 kg, while the possible 24192 kilograms, 7258 tons of milk, were missed, worth 214546 rubles. The selling price is 29.56 rubles/kg of milk. For all controlled livestock, there was an average annual shortfall of 105386 ct of milk worth 3115210 rubles.

Comparative evaluation of the breeding value of Holstein bulls-producers

Modern dairy cattle breeding efficiency is largely determined by the strategy of choosing a producer for herd reproduction, which determines the growth rate of herd productivity for the next 3 to 5 years. According to the results of 2022, there are 20 organisations in the Sverdlovsk region with milk production per feed cow of more than 9 thousand kg, including 10 farms with milk production of more than 10 thousand kg. The best farm in the region, APC “Kilachevsky”, produced an average of 12829 kg of milk for each of 3000 cows. Two record-breaking cows were milked there, each of which yielded more than 21 tonnes of milk for a standard lactation. Thirty-four breeding bulls were included in the study. As a result of their evaluation, it was found that in bulls whose genomic breeding value for milk yield exceeded 1000 kg of milk 80.0% of producers were actual improvers for this trait, and in bulls with low genomic breeding value for milk yield (0-99 kg) only 25.0% of producers were actual improvers. Bulls with a negative breeding value for milk production in 66.6 percent of cases turned out to be actual improvers. In terms of protein content in milk, the dependence is similar, the higher the genomic value of the sire according to MDB, the more bulls actually have a positive effect on the protein-milk content of daughters (Tables 3,4). However, the number of sires that confirmed genomic breeding value for protein-milk yield is much less than for milk yield. For milk yield, 17 sires out of 34 (50.0%) received confirmation of breeding value, and for protein-milk yield only 11 (32.0%).

STATE OF LIVESTOCK IN UKRAINE: MONITORING FOR 2021

STATE OF LIVESTOCK IN UKRAINE: MONITORING FOR 2021

Тechnological solutions at a dairy complex in the wilderness

Recently, the creation of large livestock complexes has been observed on all continents of the earth. High-yielding cattle herds of dairy cows exist in Holland and Israel, meat breeds - in Argentina and Brazil, pigs - in Denmark and the USA, sheep - in Australia and New Zealand, poultry - everywhere.
 In Saudi Arabia, the government has taken a decisive course on progressive policies in agriculture. The Al-Safi company produces 75,000 tons of milk per year (7000 kg per cow). It has its own processing plant (300 tons per day). The company employs more than 1,100 people in 137 different positions on a competitive basis. The farm has more than 25000 head of cattle, 225 people work, which is 89 heads per person and 125 cows per milker. Many cows give 10000 kg of milk per lactation (more than 30 kg per day). There are 17 milking parlors and 370 milking machines. The technology of keeping animals includes 5 subdivisions - newborn calves, workshops for raising young animals (heifers, steers for fattening), and an inseminated non-calf workshop.
 The load per worker is 260 heads. People work from 5 a.m. to 10 a.m. and from 3 a.m. to 6 p.m., they are provided with showers, wall lockers, a washing machine, overalls and shoes, and personal hygiene products.
 To improve the gene pool of a closed population, artificial insemination is used. Every day, more than 30 calves are born at the farm, which are placed in cages (100 Ч 200 Ч 80 cm) of a calf house without walls. At the age of three months, they are transferred to a group up to a year, then heifers - to a group for fertilization, steers - for fattening. Netels are formed into a separate group. The program of uniform feeding of livestock is based on the use of silage and hay forage with a two-year supply, which ensured the stability and quality of forage, as well as crop rotation. For this purpose, there are silo facilities for 35,000 tons. Hay is harvested in bales or rolls. Organization of breeding and selection of animals is carried out according to a computer program.
 There are also similar high-tech enterprises in Israel, the USA, Holland and Canada. The talented people of Ukraine are not far behind the Arabs in terms of intelligence, the country's leaders are no stupider than princes and sheikhs, Ukrainian businessmen are no poorer than Arabs, although the sources of income are different.
 It is necessary to improve the management structure and the quality of the state apparatus, to increase punishment for inaction and fraud. The production and consumption of food determines the well-being of the people, which is so eagerly talked about "above", but there are few effective measures. Everyone must fight for the best together, using both domestic and foreign experience.

Reuse of expired dairy products and sewage in the production of biogas by anaerobic digestion

Dairy industry is a prominent sector of the agro-industry with global production of 906 million tonnes of milk. Several dairy products are wasted due their high perishability. Anaerobic digestion is a sustainable alternative for reducing this waste aiming biogas production. This study evaluated the co-digestion of expired dairy products (EDP) with synthetic sewage from two assays using two types of dairy waste, separately: Assay I (EDP mixture of 80% of milk + 15% of yogurt + 5% of milk cream) and Assay II (industrial raw mixture of EDP). Both assays were composed of 20 g COD L-1 (Chemical Oxygen Demand per Liter) using anaerobic batch reactors (1.0 L) assembled in duplicates with 0.5 L headspace (N2) and working volume of 0.5 L with initial pH 8.2, at 37 °C, in a static mode. The cumulative CH4 productions were 2722.5 NmL in 31 days of operation (Assay I) and 3140.0 NmL in 25 days of operation (Assay II). Equivalent CH4 yields were obtained for the both assays with ~330 NmLCH4 g CODrem-1. Carbohydrates and COD removals were 96.8% and 98.0%; 87.3% and 89.4%, respectively. The co-digestion of EDP with sewage was effective to CH4 production with efficient organic matter removal. These results encourage new strategies for reuse of expired dairy products by the use of anaerobic digestion.

Culling and mortality of dairy cows: why it happens and how it can be mitigated

The United Nations estimates that the global population will total 9.7 billion in 2050. Rapid population growth pose a significant obstacle to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly eradicating hunger and poverty. In view of the expanding population growth, food production ideally should triple to prevent massive food shortages. Sustainable food and nutrition security is the focal point of the dairy industry. Dairy production plays a pivotal role in addressing and advancing global food and nutrition security. It serves as a major source of protein, calcium, and phosphorus in many families in developing countries with a fast-growing population. Consequently, the dairy industry is expected to grow by approximately 26% in the next 10 years and produce an estimated 1077 million tonnes of milk by 2050. However, the growth and distribution of the dairy industry is limited by many factors such as culling and mortality of dairy cows. Several studies highlight reproduction failures, old age, poor milk yield, diseases (mastitis, lameness, and dystocia), and heat stress as some reasons for culling of dairy cows. Hence, this review highlights the factors influencing culling and mortality in dairy production farms, and discusses mitigating measures to limit culling.

Динамика молочной продуктивности и сервис-периода по лактациям у коров разных линий

Abstract. The purpose is to study the dynamics of milk productivity and service period of Holstein black-and-white cattle by lactation, depending on origin. Methods. Milk productivity was assessed by the method of control milking, milk quality indicators – by the instrument method on the Lactan-1M device, reproductive qualities – by conventional methods. Results. The breeding farms breed animals that belong to the following genealogical lines: Vis Back Ideal, Reflection Sovering, Montwick Chieftain, Pabst Governor and Siling Trijun Rockit. The main livestock is represented by 3 lines. Most of the cows belong to the Vis Back Idial line – 55 % of the total livestock of more than 11.5 thousand heads, of which 61.51 % for the 1st and 2nd lactation. The dynamics of changes in milk yield during lactation confirms a well-known pattern, increasing to full-age 4th lactation. The greatest significant increase was found on the 2nd relative to the 1st (P ≤ 0.01). From the 5th lactation, milk yield gradually decreases by 9.4–9.8 % for each subsequent lactation. The effect of the duration of the service period on milk productivity has not been established. KVS is 0.86 on average for livestock, which allows us to conclude about certain problems with reproduction in cows of this line. The productive longevity of cows of this line is 2.36 lactation. The group of cows of the Reflection Sovering line includes 31.5 % of the total number of dairy cows with a share of young cows of 70.1 %. The duration of productive use is lower and amounts to 1.95 lactation, and the coefficient of reproductive ability varied depending on lactation from 0.88 to 0.93, reaching a maximum of 0.96–0.98 in the 9th and 10th lactation. The longest duration of productive longevity was established in the group of cows belonging to the Siling Trijun Rokita line, which are used for 5.6 lactation, more than 41 tons of milk were obtained from them, but lower productivity indicators were revealed. In general, there is an increase in milk yield in livestock, which leads to a decrease in productive longevity. Materials of breeding and zootechnical accounting of the Selex database, breeding cards of cows were used for research. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the influence of origin on productive longevity has been proven, which allows through breeding work to have a positive effect on increasing the duration of productive use.

Dependence of milk productivity of red steppe cows on balanced diets

Today, livestock farming is characterized by intensive development, rapid adoption of technology and an active increase in animal productivity. The genetic potential of dairy cattle allows for increased milk production, but feed remains a limiting factor. High cow productivity, increased reproductive capacity, and long-term economic feed use can only be achieved with a complete, balanced diet containing all-sufficient nutrients. The research was conducted at a breeding farm for red steppe cattle of the Azovskoye CJSC, Azovskoye District, Omsk Region. The dairy productivity of cows is determined by the quality of their feed and the adequacy of their nutrition. Rumen and postrumen digestion, feed intake, productivity, and cattle health depend on the ruminant’s diet value. The total content of nutrients, macro-and micro-nutrients, vitamins and amino acids in the feed is determined to assess the nutritional value of the feed. Equally important are the physical properties of the meal. When formulating diets for high-yielding cows, the main parameters to consider are particle size, particle length of feed raw material or feed fragments, and the amount of bulk grass feed. At the Azovskoye farm, feeding is done from the Hostin feeder-mixer three times a day. Dairy cows are fed large quantities of bulky fodder, which is a rich source of fibre, which accounts for the structural value of the ration. Milk production increases every year. In 2019, for example, 6,747.3 tonnes of milk were produced, increasing 248.9 tonnes compared to 2018. High productivity, reproductive capacity and the longevity of economic use of breeding cows can only be achieved with nutritionally balanced feed.