Titanium Wire Research Articles

3D Printing Using Ti-Al Nanopowders: Mechanisms of Structure Formation

In the presented research work, 3D materials were fabricated by additive moulding by means of extrusion of a mixture of high filled polymers and nanopowders of Ti-Al intermetallides with subsequent sintering at 1100 ± 20 °C, 1200 ± 20 °C and 1250 ± 20 °C (MEAM-HP process). Nanopowders of Ti-Al intermetallides were obtained by the electrical explosion of intertwined aluminium and titanium wires. It was found that the structure of the materials comprises an AlTi matrix with Ti2AlN MAX-phase particles distributed within it, surrounded by a composite layer of Ti3Al-Ti2AlN. Sintering temperature increases led to changes in the concentration of TiAl, Ti3Al and Ti2AlN phases in the samples. Besides that, aluminium oxide particles were discovered in the structure of the materials. It was found that as the sintering temperature was increased from 1100 ± 20 °C to 1250 ± 20 °C, the average microhardness of the samples increased from 193 to 690 HV0.1.

Near-Net Forging of Titanium and Titanium Alloys with Low Friction and Low Work Hardening by Using Carbon-Supersaturated SKD11 Dies

A new near-net forging procedure of titanium and titanium alloys was proposed by using a carbon-supersaturated punch and die. Due to the in situ formation of carbon-based tribofilm on the contact interface between the dies and work materials, a low frictional state was sustained through the forging process even in a high reduction in thickness. The work hardening was suppressed during forging; an additional annealing process was unnecessary through the whole process of near-net forging. Pure titanium and β-phase titanium alloy wires were utilized to describe their galling-free forging behavior when increasing the reduction in thickness. Wires with a diameter of 3 mm were upset in a single-shot forging. The reduction in thickness reached 58% when upsetting the pure titanium wire and 45% when upsetting the β-phase titanium alloys, without lubricating materials or oils at room temperature. The friction coefficient on the contact interface was estimated to be 0.05 by inverse analysis. The work-hardening behavior was described by the hardness mapping on the work cross section. The formation of carbon tribofilms was explained by microstructural analysis, element mapping, and Raman spectroscopy. This tribofilm was formed from the isolated carbon solute from the carbon-supersaturated punch and die to sustain the in situ solid lubrication on the contact interface.

Detailed study to evaluate and compare the change in the modulus of elasticity and yield strength during the loading and unloading phase for five different orthodontic wires as a result of exposure to prophylactic fluoride agents and GC tooth mousse wit

Direct bonding and de-bonding procedures during orthodontic treatment lead to areas of enamel demineralization around brackets. During the etching procedures some of the extra area also gets etched and may remain exposed for plaque accumulation resulting in demineralization and white spot lesions around the brackets. To prevent this we use Ortho brush, Chlorhexidine mouth rinses, Fluoride mouth rinses and recently available GC Tooth mousse. However, they may cause corrosion and discoloration of Orthodontic wires1.Mechanical properties of the wire like Yield strength and Modulus of elasticity affects the performance of wire inside the oral cavity. Surface topography of archwire is one of the factors which influence the mechanical properties. Orthodontic mechanotherapy encompasses the use of several arch wires during various stages of treatment. Stainless steel, Nickel titanium and TMA wires are the ones predominately used. In this study we are trying to evaluate and compare the mechanical properties of Nickel titanium, Copper nickel titanium, β Titanium, Stainless steel and Australian 0.016" stainless steel wires immersed in FLUROVIL gel, PHOSFLUR mouth rinse and GC Tooth mousse with those immersed in Distilled water.

Fluorinated Agents Effects on Orthodontic Alloys: A Descriptive In Vitro Study.

Fluoride-based mouthwashes and gels are preventive measures in countering demineralization and caries but, modifying environmental acidity, can reduce the wet corrosion resistance of orthodontic alloys. To evaluate chemical stability, in vitro experiments were conducted on stainless steel and nickel–titanium wires, weighed before and after immersion in household fluorinated mouthwashes and gels, measuring weight variations and elution of metal ions from acid corrosion phenomena. Elution samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, detecting residual ion concentration, while surface changes were analyzed under scanning electron microscopy. Results showed stainless steel wires do not undergo significant erosion when exposed to most fluorinated mouthwashes but, at prolonged exposure, alloys elute gradually greater amounts of metals and Ni–Ti wires become more sensitive to some mouthwashes. Ions’ elution varies considerably, especially for Ni–Ti wires, if exposed to household fluorinated gels, for which significant negative values were obtained. Changes, affecting wires’ outer layer, negatively act on shiny appearance and luster, reducing corrosion resistance. Although examined orthodontic wires showed good chemical stability and low toxicity, surface corrosion from exposure to fluorinated agents was observed. Home use must be accompanied by clinician prescription and, for household dental gels, must follow manufacturers’ recommendations, ensuring prophylactic action without damaging alloys surfaces.

Clinical application of titanium nickelide knitwear based on the quantitative assessment of rheological similarity to soft biological tissues

Samples of metal knitted mesh made of the 40 μm, 60 μm and 90 μm diameter TiNi wires are studied by uniaxial tension to rupture and uniaxial cyclic tension. It was found that the metal knitted TiNi mesh behaves like a hyperelastic material under uniaxial tension in contrast to the superelastic wire from which it is made. Using the rheological models of Gent, Neo-Hookean, Mooney–Rivlin and Bergstrom-Boyce, the calculation of the cyclic tension of the knitted mesh was carried out. The similarity of the mechanical behavior of knitted mesh and biological tissues is shown. Criteria for quantitative assessment of the biomechanical compatibility of a knitted mesh implant for plasty of hyperelastic biological tissues are proposed.The main criteria for the rheological similarity of knitted mesh and soft tissues are the ultimate tensile strength, elastic modulus and the range of low-modulus and high-modulus elastic strain under loading and unloading; the residual strain value during cyclic tension.It has been found that knitted mesh made of superelastic TiNi wire exhibits a rubber-like behavior characteristic of hyperelastic materials under soft zero cyclic tension. At the same time, in the most loaded contact areas of the superelastic TiNi wire, the martensitic transition did not affect the tension cycles is due to friction, which counteracts the recovery of elastic strain during unloading. It has been established that the Bergstrom–Boyce model is closest in terms of the stress–strain diagram to the knitted mesh and biological tissues. Knitted mesh implants made of nickeide titanium wire were used for plasty of soft tissues and musculoskeletal complexes. The developed method for quantitative assessment diagram of the hyperelastic knittes mesh. The residual strain during the first two tension of the biocompatibility of the implant and biological tissue make it possible to choosу knitteв mesh with a certain wire diametre, focusing on the forces developed by the knitted mesh and the variable elasticity modulus. The knitted mesh was applied without additional fixation, using elastic self-fixation of knitted mesh loops into soft tissues.

Green Forging of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Using the Carbon Supersaturated SKD11 Dies

The carbon-supersaturated SKD11 punch was proposed as a green, or, a galling-free, long-life and low energy-consuming forging tool of pure titanium and β-titanium alloy that works with low friction and less work hardening and without galling. The reduction in thickness was increased up to 50% to investigate the friction process on the contact interface and the work-hardening behavior. The nitrogen-supersaturated SKD11 punch was utilized as a reference tool for this forging experiment. Three-dimensional finite element analysis was employed to derive the regression curve between the contact interface width and the friction coefficient. The friction coefficient was estimated in forging the pure titanium wires by using the regression curves. The work-hardening process was analyzed by the hardness mapping on the cross-section of forged wires. The SEM-EDX analysis on the contact interface proved that no adhesion of fresh metallic titanium and titanium oxide debris was seen on the interface between the carbon-supersaturated SKD11 punch and the titanium work. In particular, the work hardening is suppressed without shear localization in forging the β-titanium. Finally, the uniform carbon layer was derived from the supersaturated carbon solute from the punch matrix and wrought as a friction film on the contact interface to reduce the friction and the work hardening as well as suppress the chemical galling. This in situ carbon lubrication must be essential in green forging to highly qualify the titanium and titanium alloy products and to prolong the punch-and-die lives in practical operation.

Stress superposition effect in ultrasonic drawing of titanium wires: An experimental study

Benefits of ultrasonic vibration have been identified in metal forming and other manufacturing processes, yet the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully understood. In this paper, influences of ultrasonic vibration on the titanium wire drawing process were investigated in terms of ultrasonic amplitude, drawing speed, and position of the die. Longitudinal vibrations were superimposed upon the die via a tailor-made ultrasonic vibrator, whose dynamic performances were predicted by finite element analysis (FEA) and examined utilizing specific instruments. A single-pass ultrasonic wire drawing platform was established to measure the forming forces under various drawing conditions, which were subsequently compared with numerical simulation results. Surface morphologies of the drawn wires were inspected by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results show that both increased ultrasonic amplitude and lowered drawing speed contribute to decreasing the drawing forces, but the efficiency is furthered influenced by location of the die. At the half-wavelength position, a significant drawing force reduction of 66.8% (from 22.5 N to 7.45 N) was observed with the ultrasonic amplitude and drawing speed of 9μm and 100 mm/s, respectively. At the quarter-wavelength position, however, the corresponding percentage reduction is only 21%. The phenomenon could be explained by the elastic stretching oscillation of the wire based on the stress superposition hypothesis.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ НАНЕСЕНИЯ СТАЛЬНЫХ И ТИТАНОВЫХ ПОКРЫТИЙ МЕТОДОМ ГИПЕРЗВУКОВОЙ МЕТАЛЛИЗАЦИИ

Currently, methods of thermal spraying are widely used to restore and harden various worn parts of machines. In most cases, metal and composite wires are used as materials for gas-thermal coating applying methods. As a rule, metal coatings applied by thermal spraying have lower strength characteristics than cast materials. An important factor characterizing the possibility of using metal coatings in various industries is their density and adhesion strength of coatings with the base metal. In this paper, the structure and density of coatings, as well as the adhesion strength of coatings made of steel and titanium wires deposited by hypersonic metallization were studied.

Smart Titanium Wire Used for the Evaluation of Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Interaction by In-Tube Solid Phase Microextraction.

Evaluation of the hydrophobic/hydrophilic interaction individually between the sorbent and target compounds in sample pretreatment is a big challenge. Herein, a smart titanium substrate with switchable surface wettability was fabricated and selected as the sorbent for the solution. The titanium wires and meshes were fabricated by simple hydrothermal etching and chemical modification so as to construct the superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic surfaces. The micro/nano hierarchical structures of the formed TiO2 nanoparticles in situ on the surface of Ti substrates exhibited the switchable surface wettability. After UV irradiation for about 15.5 h, the superhydrophobic substrates became superhydrophilic. The morphologies and element composition of the wires were observed by SEM, EDS, and XRD, and their surface wettabilities were measured using the Ti mesh by contact angle goniometer. The pristine hydrophilic wire, the resulting superhydrophilic wire, superhydrophobic wire, and the UV-irradiated superhydrophilic wire were filled into a stainless tube as the sorbent instead of the sample loop of a six-port valve for on-line in-tube solid-phase microextraction. When employed in conjunction with HPLC, four kinds of wires were comparatively applied to extract six estrogens in water samples. The optimal conditions for the preconcentration and separation of target compounds were obtained with a sample volume of 60 mL, an injection rate of 2 mL/min, a desorption time of 2 min, and a mobile phase of acetonile/water (47/53, v/v). The results showed that both the superhydrophilic wire and UV-irradiated wire had the highest extraction efficiency for the polar compounds of estrogens with the enrichment factors in the range of 20–177, while the superhydrophobic wire exhibited the highest extraction efficiency for the non-polar compounds of five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). They demonstrated that extraction efficiency was mainly dependent on the surface wettability of the sorbent and the polarity of the target compounds, which was in accordance with the molecular theory of like dissolves like.

Synthesis of Ti–Al Bimodal Powder for High Flowability Feedstock by Electrical Explosion of Wires

In this research, Ti–Al bimodal powders were produced by simultaneous electrical explosion of titanium and aluminum wires. The resulting powders were used to prepare powder–polymer feedstocks. Material characterization involving X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and melt flow index (MFI) determination were carried out to characterize bimodal powders obtained and evaluate the influence of the powder composition on the feedstock flowability. The bimodal distribution of particles in powders has been found to be achieved at a current density of 1.2 × 107 A/cm2 (the rate of energy input is 56.5 J/μs). An increase in the current density to 1.6 × 107 A/cm2 leads to a decrease in the content of micron particles and turning into a monomodal particle size distribution. The use of bimodal powders for powder–polymer feedstocks allows to achieve higher MFI values compared with monomodal powders. In addition, the use of electroexplosive synthesis of bimodal powders makes it possible to achieve a homogeneous distribution of micro- and nanoparticles in the feedstock.

Влияние предварительной химической обработки на качество твердофазных сварных соединений проволок при изготовлении пористых сетчатых материалов

Porous mesh materials with an organized structure, stable and reproducible properties are used in the manufacture of filter elements, thermal protection systems, rocket and turbojet engines, and other products with a given set of properties. The interlayer strength of such materials is significantly affected both by the modes of plastic deformation and welding and by the technology of preliminary chemical cleaning of the wire mesh surface. Etching work-pieces in a mixture of inorganic acids and organophosphorus complexones reduces the thickness of oxide films and additionally activates the contact surfaces in the welded joint. The study introduces the etchant solutions for treating VT1-0 titanium and corrosion-resistant 12Kh18N10T steel wires. The solutions increase the strength of the welded joints made by vacuum rolling welding and diffusion welding, compared with similar processes without pretreatment. The study also specifies the modes of technological processes of chemical etching and diffusion welding of 12Kh18N10T steel meshes, which provide maximum interlayer strength.

Prosthetic complications in immediately loaded All-on-Four mandibular prosthesis using titanium wire reinforcement versus non reinforced temporary framework. A Randomized Clinical Trial

Prosthetic complications in immediately loaded All-on-Four mandibular prosthesis using titanium wire reinforcement versus non reinforced temporary framework. A Randomized Clinical Trial

Management of mandibular incisor crowding with clear aligners and nickel titanium wires: A comparative study

Background: Esthetic orthodontic appliances such as esthetic labial appliances like plastic brackets, ceramic brackets, esthetic coated arch wires, lingual appliances and clear aligners are very popular among patients which are outcome of new advances in orthodontics. The present study compared treatment of mandibular incisor crowding with clear aligners and nickel titanim wires. Materials and Methods: 40 patients with mandibular incisal crowding was selected. Two groups were formed of both gender. First group (Group I) patients were treated with nickel- titanium arch wires and second group (group II) patients with clear aligners. Crowding was assessed using little’s irregularity index. The linear horizontal displacement of the anatomic contact points of mandibular anterior teeth is measured and added which denotes total irregularity score. Patients were recalled regularly at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks. Results: At baseline, mean score in first group was 2.94 mm and in second was 2.70 mm, at 4 weeks in first group was 1.68 mm and in second group was 1.50 mm, at 8 weeks in first group was 0.94 mm and in second group was 1.4 mm and at 12 weeks in first group was 0.64 mm and in second group was 0.56 mm. The difference was non- significant (p>0.05). The mean change in little’s irregularity index score at 4 weeks in first group was 1.28 mm and in second group was 1.21 mm, at 8 weeks was 0.75 mm in first group and 0.46 mm in second group and at 12 weeks was 0.37 mm in first group and 0.74 mm in second group. The difference was significant (p

Immediate Rehabilitation of Edentulous Maxilla with a Definitive Prosthesis Utilizing an Intraorally Welded Titanium Framework

In the past decade rehabilitation of edentulous mouths was largely prosthesis-driven and intended for immediate provisionalization to address the time-efficiency and aesthetics. The aim of this report was to highlight a technique of rehabilitation with immediate implant placement followed by the provision of an immediate prosthesis supported by an intraorally welded titanium framework. A 46-year-old patient presented with a periodontal compromised dentition with mobile maxillary anteriors that required extraction. A total of five implants were placed following extraction of the hopeless teeth and the implant abutments were welded on to a titanium wire with an intraoral welding unit to create a passive framework. The passive framework was then utilized to deliver an immediate prosthesis. The technique aimed at stabilizing the implants and minimizing the micro-movements during osseointegration and providing good aesthetics as well as function to increase patient compliance.nbsp

Effect of the bracketless orthodontics technique and resin composite material on the biomechanical response of the upper central incisor: 3D finite element analysis

Objectives: The bracketless orthodontic treatment (BOT) is an alternative technique which indicates using an orthodontic appliance composed of wires and composite resin assisted by 3D technology. However, the biomechanical response of central incisor orthodontic movement has yet to be investigated. Thus, the aim of the present investigation was to calculate the stress magnitude in central incisor movement through 3D finite element analysis using different wire diameters (0.012”, 0.014”, and 0.016”) of nickel–titanium wire and two different resin composites (Opallis and Filtek). Materials and Methods: A 3D volume composed of enamel, dentin, cortical bone, cancellous bone, periodontal ligament, composite resin, and different orthodontic wire diameters was designed. After the modeling process, the models were exported to computer-aided engineering software divided into a finite number of elements, and a mechanical structural static analysis was conducted. Results: The stress results were plotted on colorimetric maps and in tables for comparison between the different models. The results showed that the central incisor orthodontic movement with BOT does not induce damage to the periodontal ligament, dental root, or bone tissue, regardless of the simulated orthodontic wire diameter and resin composite materials. The palatal composite resin and orthodontic wire also presented acceptable stress magnitude during orthodontic movement. Conclusion: Thus, the BOT technique promoted a suitable biomechanical response during central incisor movement regardless the resin composite.

Evaluation of bone formation on orthopedic implant surfaces using an ex-vivo bone bioreactor system

Recent advances in materials and manufacturing processes have allowed the fabrication of intricate implant surfaces to facilitate bony attachment. However, refinement and evaluation of these new design strategies are hindered by the cost and complications of animal studies, particularly during early iterations in the development process. To address this problem, we have previously constructed and validated an ex-vivo bone bioreactor culture system that can maintain the viability of bone samples for an extended period ex-vivo. In this study, we investigated the mineralization of a titanium wire mesh scaffold under both static and dynamic culturing using our ex vivo bioreactor system. Thirty-six cancellous bone cores were harvested from bovine metatarsals at the time of slaughter and divided into five groups under the following conditions: Group 1) Isolated bone cores placed in static culture, Group 2) Unloaded bone cores placed in static culture in contact with a fiber-mesh metallic scaffold, Group 3) Bone cores placed in contact with a fiber-mesh metallic scaffold under the constant pressure of 150 kPa, Group 4) Bone core placed in contact with a fiber-mesh metallic scaffold and exposed to cyclic loading with continuous perfusion flow of media within the ex-vivo culture system and Group 5) Bone core evaluated on Day 0 to serve as a positive control for comparison with all other groups at weeks 4 and 7. Bone samples within Groups 1–4 were incubated for 4 and 7 weeks and then evaluated using histological examination (H&E) and the Live-Dead assay (Life Technologies). Matrix deposits on the metallic scaffolds were examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the chemical composition of the matrix was measured using energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). We found that the viability of bone cores was maintained after seven weeks of loading in our ex vivo system. In addition, SEM images revealed crystallite-like structures on the dynamically loaded metal coupons (Group 4), corresponding to the initial stages of mineralization. EDX results further confirmed the presence of carbon at the interface and calcium phosphates in the matrix. We conclude that a bone bioreactor can be used as an alternate tool for in-vivo bone ingrowth studies of new implant surfaces or coatings.

Electrochemical In Situ Fabrication of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes on a Titanium Wire as a Fiber Coating for Solid-Phase Microextraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

A novel titanium dioxide nanotube (TiO2NTS) coated fiber for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was prepared by in situ anodization of titanium wire in electrolyte containing ethylene glycol and ammonium fluoride (NH4F). The effects of different electrolyte solutions (NH4F and ethylene glycol) and oxidation voltages on the formation and size of TiO2NTs was studied. It was obtained from the experiment that TiO2NTs arrays were arranged with a wall thickness of 25 nm and the diameter of 100 nm pores in ethylene glycol and water (v/v, 1:1) containing NH4F of 0.5% (w/v) with a voltage of 20 V at 25 °C for 30 min. The TiO2NTs were used as solid-phase microextraction fiber coatings coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in sensitive determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in spiked real samples water. Under the optimized SPME conditions, the calibration curve has good linearity in the range of 0.20–500 μg·L−1, and the correlation coefficient (R2) is between 0.9980 and 0.9991. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 3.5–4.7% (n = 5) for single fiber repeatability and of 5.2% to 7.9% for fiber-to-fiber reproducibility (n = 3) was obtained. The limits of detection (LOD) (S/N = 3) and limits of quantification (LOQ) (S/N = 10) of PAHs were 0.03–0.05 µg·L−1 and 0.12–0.18 µg·L−1. The developed method was applied to the preconcentration and determination of trace PAHs in spiked real samples of water with good recoveries from 78.6% to 119% and RSDs from 4.3 to 8.9%, respectively.

Nickel and chromium ion release from coated and uncoated orthodontic archwires under different pH levels and exposure times

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine and compare nickel and chromium ion release from traditional stainless steel and nickel titanium wires and newer esthetic archwires under different pH conditions, for different time intervals. MethodsTen pieces of 10-mm segments of five different orthodontic archwires were submerged in buffer solutions of pH 4.0, 5.5, and 7.0, for 4 and 13 weeks. The sample solutions were analyzed using ICP-MS. First, the results were analyzed by three-way ANOVA to determine any significant differences in metal concentration (ppb) between the different groups. Then, a post-hoc multiple pairwise comparison by Tukey's Studentized Range (HSD) Test was conducted to further compare the different materials and pH conditions. ResultsFor nickel, uncoated NiTi had the highest nickel ion release (ppb), while AO Iconix had the lowest average nickel ion release, with a significant difference (p < 0.0001). The average nickel release increased with time and decreased with pH. For chromium, materials with uncoated stainless steel had the highest average chromium ion release, whereas AO Iconix had the lowest average chromium ion release, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001). Chromium ion release increased with time and decreased with pH. ConclusionsThere were significant differences in metal ion release between different pH conditions, materials, and time points. The metal ion release increased with increase in time and decrease in pH. Overall, the coated archwires showed less metal ion release than the uncoated wires.

2-Dodecylmalonic acid-mediated synthesis of mineralized hydroxyapatite amicable for bone cell growth on orthopaedic implant

The present study illustrates the use of 2-dodecylmalonic acid (MA) as a template in biomineralization-inspired synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs). HANPs synthesized in presence of various concentrations of MA displayed varying particle size and shape. The smallest particle size (22–27 nm) was obtained for MA2-HANP synthesized in presence of 37 µM MA. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) for MA at pH 9.0 relevant for mineralization was ∼35 µM. AFM analysis revealed that at a low concentration of 10 µM and pH 9.0, MA could generate oblong-shaped aggregates. At 40 µM, comparable to the concentration used to generate MA2-HANP, the amphiphile self-assembled to form a spherical soft scaffold, which likely regulated spatial confinement of ions during mineralization and generated small size HANPs. Osteoblast-like MG-63 cells seeded on titanium wire (TW) coated with MA2-HANP-incorporated collagen type I (H-TW) displayed enhanced cell proliferation, high expression of osteogenic differentiation marker genes (Col I, ALP, OCN and Runx2) and copious calcium mineral deposition after 14 days of growth. The nuanced role of the self-assembly process of an amphiphilic template in HANP mineralization unravelled in the present study can guide future scaffold design for biomineralization-inspired synthesis of HANPs tailored for bone tissue engineering applications.

Quantification of Tumor Location and Growth for Orthotopic Pancreatic Cancer Model Using Bioluminescence Tomography-Guided System

<h3>Purpose/Objective(s)</h3> The developing radio-immunotherapy has cast the use of radiation therapy (RT) into a pivotal role in the management of pancreatic cancer. There is a need to study pancreatic cancer in pre-clinical setting to advance our understanding of the role of RT. The challenge to study abdominal malignancy in vivo is lack of proper imaging guidance. Bioluminescence with its strong imaging contrast has been widely used to monitor tumor growth. We innovated 3D bioluminescence tomography (BLT) to guide irradiation for an orthotopic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and monitor its growth and treatment response. <h3>Materials/Methods</h3> To establish the orthotopic PDAC model, we implanted a fraction of BxPc3-Red-FLuc tumor into the pancreas of a nude mouse. For BLT, mice were subject to multi-spectral and multi-projection bioluminescence imaging (BLI), followed by small animal radiation research platform (SARRP) CBCT imaging. CBCT image was acquired to generate anatomical mesh for BLT reconstruction. We inserted a titanium wire to the center of tumor as the marker to validate the BLT localization accuracy. We will also quantify the accuracy of BLT reconstructed volume with MRI and ex vivo method. Volume-averaged bioluminescent power (BP), related to tumor viability, will also be assessed in comparing with surface BLI and ex vivo method, to determine if it is a proper metric for tumor monitoring and assessment. We will further irradiate the in vivo PDAC volume guided by BLT and demonstrate the application of BLT to longitudinally assess the change of PDAC volume/power in response to treatment. <h3>Results</h3> Our initial result shows 3D BLT can retrieve the orthotopic PDAC location within 1.5 mm accuracy at depth from 3-5 mm, common depth observed in pancreatic study. The BP is observed linearly by 12-fold along the tumor growth 4 weeks after tumor implantation. With BLT, we are able to reconstruct the 3D bioluminescent tumor volume using multiple-projection imaging. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The quantitative BLT system offers unique opportunities for researchers to study important pancreatic tumor in orthotopic setting to quantify its location, growth and response to therapeutic intervention.