Tissue Respiration Rates Research Articles

Temperature Effects on Oxygen Uptake of Liver and Kidney Tissues of a Hibernating and a Non-Hibernating Mammal

Previous articleNext article No AccessTemperature Effects on Oxygen Uptake of Liver and Kidney Tissues of a Hibernating and a Non-Hibernating MammalBarbara A. HorwitzBarbara A. Horwitz Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 37, Number 2Apr., 1964 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/physzool.37.2.30152334 Views: 2Total views on this site Citations: 12Citations are reported from Crossref Journal History This article was published in Physiological Zoology (1928-1998), which is continued by Physiological and Biochemical Zoology (1999-present). Copyright 1964 University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Ahmed Nassar, Qiang Liu, Kevin Farias, Laura Buccini, William Baldwin, Ana Bennett, Martin Mangino, Samuel Irefin, Jacek Cywinski, Toshihiro Okamoto, Teresa Diago Uso, Giuseppe Iuppa, Basem Soliman, Charles Miller, Cristiano Quintini Impact of Temperature on Porcine Liver Machine Perfusion From Donors After Cardiac Death, Artificial Organs 40, no.1010 (Apr 2016): 999–1008.https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.12699Alkesh Jani, Sandra L. Martin, Swati Jain, Daniel Keys, Charles L. Edelstein Renal adaptation during hibernation, American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 305, no.1111 (Dec 2013): F1521–F1532.https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00675.2012David N. Penick, Frank V. Paladino, Anthony C. Steyermark, James R. Spotila Thermal dependence of tissue metabolism in the green turtle, Chelonia mydas, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 113, no.33 (Mar 1996): 293–296.https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(95)02068-3J.P Balcer, R.R.J Chaffee Renal metabolic response to thermal stress by three species of ground squirrels, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 77, no.33 (Jan 1984): 537–541.https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(84)90224-XRichard W Morris Effects of temperature on metabolic rates of isolated tissues from the eurythermic lizard Leioplopisma zelandica, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 66, no.11 (Jan 1980): 127–131.https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(80)90368-0R. K. Andjus, T. Ćirković Energetics, Thermal Sensitivity and Tolerance Mechanisms of Brain Synaptosomes: A Comparative Study, (Jan 1979): 155–188.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3348-7_13Mohamed El Hilali, Jean-Pierre Veillat, Kh. Baddouri, N. Bennani, R.K. Andjus Respiratory rate and thermal sensitivity of brown fat and other tissues from Jaculus orientalis and rat, Journal of Thermal Biology 3, no.44 (Oct 1978): 195–201.https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4565(78)90019-0Sean Murphy, John R. Lagnado A comparison of the effects of prior cold incubation on cerebral cortex function in a hibernator (Cricetus auratus) and a non-hibernator (Cavia porcellus)—I. Oxygen consumption in cerebral cortex slices after in vitro cold incubation, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry 55, no.44 (Jan 1976): 567–569.https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-0491(76)90019-5Robert M. Rosenbaum Urinary System, (Jan 1970): 331–387.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-758001-2.50015-0B.A. Horwitz, L. Nelson Effect of temperature on mitochondrial respiration in a hibernator (Myotis Austroriparius) and a non-hibernator (Rattus rattus), Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 24, no.22 (Feb 1968): 385–394.https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-406X(68)90990-0Jane C. Roberts, Robert E. Smith EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON METABOLIC RATES OF LIVER AND BROWN FAT HOMOGENATES, Canadian Journal of Biochemistry 45, no.1111 (Nov 1967): 1763–1771.https://doi.org/10.1139/o67-207 David S. Bruce , and Jacob E. Wiebers Tissue Oxygen Consumption in the Hibernating and Active Bat Myotis lucifugus, Physiological Zoology 39, no.33 (Sep 2015): 237–243.https://doi.org/10.1086/physzool.39.3.30152850

Tissue slice respiration in the absence of suspension medium

Simple modifications made to the conventional Warburg respirometer enable the measurement of tissue slice respiration without medium. The tissue slice was layered on a platinum grid and respiration was measured in the usual manner. It was observed that the rate of tissue respiration is well maintained for 30 min. This method also permits measurement of the respiration of tissue slices obtained from animals previously treated with various drugs. Brain cortex slices from rats narcotized with Nembutal respired at rates similar to those found for normals, while slices from animals convulsed with dieldrin respired at a slower rate. Slices from animals poisoned either by cyanide or by azide respired at a faster rate, being between 30 and 45% higher than normals. The increased rate of respiration in these instances appeared to be due to increased lactate oxidation. The method described permits studies on the influence of pharmacologically active concentrations of drugs in vivo on in vitro respiration, without dilution effects while the drug is still within the tissue slice.

The use of a solid platinum electrode for continuous recording of the rate of respiration

1. 1. A polarographic method of measuring respiration rates of tissues is described. 2. 2. The electrodes are platinum cathode and silver-silver oxide anode; both being in 0.5 N KOH. The electrode surface is enclosed by a 0.04 mm polythene membrane. 3. 3. The electrodes function satisfactorily in a flowing current of water, e.g. 3 ml/hr.

Relationship between tissue respiration and total metabolic rate in hypo- and normothermic rats.

The metabolic rate of whole rats was determined at body temperatures of 38 and 18 C. Rats in one series were cooled without anesthesia by the method of Giaja; those in another series were cooled during light pentobarbital anesthesia. The mean metabolic rate of rats in both series at a body temperature of 18 C was about 25% that at 38 C. Rates of O2 consumption (Qo2) of skeletal muscle, skin, liver, kidney, and brain were determined in Krebs medium III at 38 and at 18 C. The sum of the rates of respiration of these organs was then obtained at both temperatures and is equal to the sum of the product of tissue Qo2 and organ weight. At 38 C the O2 consumption of these organs is 72.5% of the metabolic rate of the whole animal at that temperature, while at 18 C the sum of the organ respiration is 106% of the metabolic rate of the whole animal at that temperature. This may be accounted for by a decrease in the mass of metabolically active tissue during hypothermia and by a low temperature coefficient for the respiration of muscle.

A Supplement to the basic Study on the Refrigerated Blood Therapy

The author conducted Some basic experiments on the refrigerated blood therapy, and obtained the following results. 1) One intravenous injection of homogeneous refrigerated blood in Small doses improves the recovery of rabbit's anamia caused by depletion. 2) The homogeneous refrigerated blood also improves the recovery of rabbits anamia caused by injections of chllargol. 3) A series of intraperitoneal jnjections of homogeneous refrigerated blood in small doses into the mouse exposed to a single whole-body rediation injury, decreased its mortality rate and increased its survival time. 4) The tissue respiration rate of homogenized mouse liver was incredsed by the addition of refrigerated blood extract. 5) The addition of refrigerated blood extract accelerates the fermentation of yeast and apozymase. 6) In using acceleration of yeast's fermentation, the source of the effective substance was investigated. It seemed that the effective substance was increased in the blood cells by refrigeration, and having increased it then moved to the serum.

Studies of the Respiration Rates of Excretory Tissues in the Cutthroat Trout (Salmo clarki clarki) I. Variations with Body Weight

where M is the metabolism, W the body weight, the exponent a is the slope of the line on a log-log plot, and b is the intercept indicating the value of M when W = 1. Brody (1945) concluded that the metabolism of mature homeotherms, as measured by the oxygen consumption, tended to vary with the 0.73 power of the body weight, while Kleiber (1947) advocated the 0.75 rule. Benedict (1938), in his classical work, considered metabolism to be directly proportional to the surface area of the body, i.e., M = bW1.66. However, the value of a for Benedict's data was 0.73 when certain atypical species were omitted (Brody, 1945). This generalized formula of Brody giving an exponent of 0.73 was concerned with increase in metabolism with phylogenetic increase in size of mature homeothermic species. With the exception of small metazoans, such as the eggs and larvae of marine organisms, the same interspecific generalizations seem applicable to the poikilotherms (Zeuthen, 1953). Comparison of the increases in metabolism with ontogenetic increases in size of organisms do not show quite the same consistency. Zeuthen (1953) recognized a triphasic curve for oxygen consumption during the development of several poi-

Studies of the Respiration Rates of Excretory Tissues in the Cutthroat Trout (Salmo clarki clarki) II. Effect of Transfer to Sea Water

Studies of the Respiration Rates of Excretory Tissues in the Cutthroat Trout (Salmo clarki clarki) II. Effect of Transfer to Sea Water

The Relationship between Summated Tissue Respiration and Metabolic Rate in the Mouse and Dog

The Relationship between Summated Tissue Respiration and Metabolic Rate in the Mouse and Dog

TISSUE RESPIRATION, GROWTH, AND BASAL METABOLISM

1. The relation between tissue respiration and body size was investigated in the rat. Determinations of Qo2 were made on heart, lung, liver, kidney cortex, brain cortex, diaphragm, and thymus of animals ranging from 9 gm. to 392 gm. body weight, including some determinations on fetuses and fetal tissues. A statistical evaluation of ca. 230 experiments is given.2. The diaphragm is the only organ investigated to show a definite and significant correlation between rate of tissue respiration and body size. Liver and thymus show a break in the regression line which corresponds to a number of other characteristic changes in metabolism and growth.3. The experiments do not show systemic differences in tissue respiration accounting for the decrease of total metabolic rate with increasing body size.4. A comparison between intraspecific and interspecific size-dependence of tissue metabolism is made.5. The current theories on the systematic decrease of weight-specific metabolic rate, as expressed in the surface or ¾ power rule, are discussed in the light of the experiments presented. It is shown that none of the explanations proposed (decline of total metabolic rate as based upon decrease of the rate of tissue respiration, upon thermoregulation, upon decrease of Qo2 of musculature, upon the relative decrease of "metabolically active" organs, upon age) in consistent. It appears that the decline in basal metabolic rate depends on regulative factors lying in the organism as a whole.

The Initiation and Growth of Tumors. Introduction. I. Effects of Underfeeding.

The tumor process, in the main, consists of initiation and growth. In these studies initiation implies the conversion of normal tissue to malignant tissue without consideration of intermediary phases, of which little is known. Since, for practical purposes, initiation and growth are readily differentiated, they have been studied separately. Great importance has been attached to the dissimilarity between normal and tumor tissue, such as rate of growth and tissue respiration (Warburg). The fact remains, however, that there is, in general, no striking difference in chemical composition, enzyme content, and metabolism between the normal and the tumor cell; both follow certain fundamental laws of growth. Much attention has been given to the experimental retardation and acceleration of tumor growth, in the expectation that such studies would bring to light the factors concerned in the initiation and propagation of neoplasms. At first transplantable tumors were used; but of late, particularly since cancerigenic chemicals have become readily available, the induced tumor has been widely used for such investigations. Much of the earlier work can be criticized because of the paucity of animals used in the experiments, and the inadequacies and indefiniteness of the diets. In fact, some authors report that their animals on experimental diets died within a few weeks.