Timor University Research Articles

Describing the Students’ Grammatical Errors on Spoken English

This present study describes the students’ grammatical errors on spoken English based on the classifications of errors refer to Dulay, Burt and Krashen’s theories. Qualitative method was used in the study. Oral test was used as the research instrument. There were 25 participants of English education study program of Timor University who were chosen randomly as the research sample. The Tape Video Recording (TVR) was used to gain data of spoken English. There were five techniques in analyzing the data: transcription, codification, classification, analyses and discussion. The results of data analyses revealed that omission presented 40,87% of errors. Then; addition presented 31,74% and misformation presented 15%. The misorderning was categorized as the lowest score with 12,30%. In linguistic category; the data showed that verb was categorized as the highest errors which presented 19% of errors. The next error was preposition which presented 17%. Then pronouns category presented 14% of errors. The conjunction and article categories presented 11% of errors on spoken English. The singular/plural and negation categories presented 10% of errors for each category. The lowest error of linguistic category was word order which presented 8% errors. The findings showed that the students still make errors on linguistic category on spoken English. There was a phenomenon in this finding that the students tend to use verb-ing instead of using verb-1 in the spoken English. They dispose to add and omit any linguistic category unconsciously when they speak.

Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi terhadap Kualitas Pupuk Bokashi Padat Kotoran Sapi

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui untuk mengetahui waktu fermentasi terhadap kualitas pupuk bokashi padat kotoran sapi. Penelitian berlangsung di Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Timor selama 3 bulan dengan bahan yang digunakan adalah feses sapi kering, daun gamal, dedak padi, air, gula, EM4, sedangkan alat yang digunakan adalah skop, timbangan, gayung, ember, terpal, karung, termometer dan pH meter. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan; R0 : bokashi difermentasi selama 14 hari, R1 : bokashi difermentasi selama 21 hari, R2 : bokashi difermentasi selama 28 hari, R3 : bokashi difermentasi selama 35 hari sedangkan variabel yang dilihat adalah kualitas fisik (aroma, tekstur dan warna) dan kualitas kimia (N, P, K, dan Rasio C/N dan pH). Data yang di peroleh diolah dengan menggunakan sidik ragam sesuai Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dan uji lanjut dengan menggunakan Uji Jarak berganda Duncan untuk melihat perbedaan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa warna yang dihasilkan adalah berwarna cokelat sampai cokelat kehitaman, beraroma tanah, bertekstur halus, pH normal sedangkan kualitas kimia yang dihasilkan termasuk dalam kategori bokashi yang ideal. Disimpulkan bahwa lama fermentasi pupuk bokashi padat yang berbeda-beda memberikan pengaruh terhadap karakteristik fisik (warna, aroma, tekstur) dan kimia (N, P, K, Rasio C/N dan pH) pupuk bokashi padat kotoran sapi. Pupuk bokashi yang paling baik adalah dengan lama fermentasi 35 hari.

The Effect of Jigsaw Method to Improve EFL Students’ Vocabulary Ability

This study was aimed to improve students’ ability in learning vocabulary through jigsaw method at Timor University in, Timor Tengah Utara regency (TTU), NTT Province, Indonesia. The main purpose of this study is to know the effect of using jigsaw method to improve students’ vocabulary ability. This study belongs to pre experimental method with <em>the one group pretest - posttest</em> design. This study was conducted in one class which was given the treatment. The treatment of this study is teaching and learning process by using jigsaw method. The population of this study was second semester students of English study program of Timor university in academic year 2017 / 2018. The total members of second semester students were 120 who were divided into three (3) classes. Every class consisted of 30 students. The writers used purposive sampling technique to take the data. The writers only determined one class because the writer assumed that in this class, students have sufficient knowledge of English. Hence, the sample of this study was 30 students. The writers had conducted pre test before gave the treatment to the students. Finally, the writers gave the posttest to measure students’ vocabulary ability in the end of teaching and learning process. From the data analysis, the writers found that the average of the students’ vocabulary was improvement. The average of students’ score in pretest was 65% and posttest was 79%. After the writers conducted the research, the writers concluded that (1). Jigsaw method can improve students’ vocabulary ability. (2). Jigsaw method can improve the students’ interaction with the teacher and other students.

The Antagonist Power of Endofit Mushroom Rhizoctonia sp the Cause of Spoiled Root Disease of Zorgum (Sorgum bicolor L.) in Vitro Manner

Sorgum (Sorgum bicolor L.) is a serelia plant which is potential to becultivated and grown in marginal areas. The advantages of sorghum lie in its extensive agroecological adaptability and resistance to drought. This commodity has a high nutrient content, so it is very good to be used as a source of food and alternative animal feed. Rhizoctonia sp. The cause of root rot is one of the important pathogens in sorghum plants. These pathogens can survive in the soil and can also survive in seeds. Microorganism that developed symbiosis with Zorgum is useful for growth stimulation and biocontrol. The objectives of the researcha re toidentify endofit mushroom that developed symbiosis on some varieties of zorgum and to make an antagonis test on Rhizoctonia sp, the cause of spoiled root disease. This research is conducted in several streas: firstly, take the sample of same varieties of zorgum lokal merah,lokal putih,and numbu in Naiola in Kecamatan Bikomi Selatan while the isolation and identification are held in Faculty of Agrociture of University of Timor and secendly, do antagonist test on Rhizoctonia sp. The study on lokal merah variety has found 7 izolats: Aspergilus sp 1, Aspergilus sp 2, Aspergilus sp 3, Fusarium sp 1, Fusarium sp 2, Trichoderma sp 2. Mushroom endofits found in lokal putih variety are Aspergilus sp.2, Aspergilus sp.3, Fusarium sp.1, dan Trichoderma sp.2. Mushrooms on numbu variety are Fusarium sp. 2, Aspergilus sp.2 dan Trichoderma sp.1. Endofit Mushroom from theroot ofzorgum has 3 genus Aspergilus sp, Fusarium sp dan Trichoderma sp. Trichoderma sp 1 has 20,1 % antagonist character.

BIOLOGI REPRODUKSI IKAN NIPI (Hemiramphus far) DI PERAIRAN LAUT PANTAI UTARA KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA

Nipi fish (Hemiramphus far) was the important resources of foods for peoples in TTU regency. The knowledge about data and information of reproductive biology of nipi fish was unknown and very limited. The objective of this research was to know reproductive biology of nipi fish and its implementation, and than it can be used as the source of learning, the first or primary data, and the important of information in study of fishing biology in resources the management sustainable. The research was conducted in Biology Laboratory of Timor University and it analyzed using statistic quantitative and descriptive covered length and weight distribution, sexual ratio, gonad maturity level, gonad somatic index, and fecundity. The samples of nipi fish was taken by random sampling at lampara or drawing trawl in the oceanic waters of north beach of TTU regency. The result of this research showed that during 5 months from December 2015 until April 2016 the total samples were 144 fishes comprised 90 females and 54 males dominated by female fishes. The highest distribution of the length for male and female was 27-28 cm. The weight of female was 58-65 gr, male fishes was 50-57 gr. The sexual ratio between male and female was not balance or not significantly (not 1 : 1) with the ratio was 1 : 1,66 or 37,5 % : 62,5 %. TKG dominated by TKG III and IV in March – April that indicated have been entered the season of climax spawner. The IKG of female fishes was heigher than the male with percentage above 19% was 19,99% ready to spawning. The everage of the fecundity was 300 eggs.

Evaluating the Students’ Ability in Using Preposition of Place in Speaking Performance

<p>The use of preposition of place in speaking performance still becomes problems for students. Therefore; it is important to evaluate the students’ ability in using preposition of place. This research aimed at evaluating the students’ ability and describing the problems faced by students in using prepositions of place in speaking performance.</p><p>The descriptive qualitative method was applied in this research. The instrument of this research was an oral test. To get the data, the researcher used Tape Video Recorder (TVR). There were 25 participants of the first semester students of English study program of Timor University chosen randomly as the sample in this research. There were four steps used in analyzing the data, namely transcribing, codifying, analyzing and describing.</p><p>The results of the research showed that five students passed and nineteen students failed in the test. The highest score was 80,95 and the lowest score was 31. There was one student categorized as very good; two students were categorized as good; three students were categorized as enough; eleven students were categorized poor and seven students were categorized as very poor. For the kind of preposition; the highest percentage was IN which was 67,53%. Then it was followed by ON which was 57,32%. The preposition BEHIND made 55,51% which was higher than NEAR/CLOSE which was 51,56% but it is lower than IN FRONT OF which was 56,57%. The preposition UNDER was 48,39% which was higher than AT. The lowest percentage was preposition AT which was 47,94%.. The students’ average score was 54,60. Therefore the students’ level of ability was categorized as poor. This means that the students failed in using prepositions of place in speaking performance.</p>

Cendawan Patogen pada Beberapa Varietas Jagung di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara

Jagung merupakan bahan pangan yang penting karena jagung merupakan sumber karbohidrat kedua setelah beras. Benih salah satu komponen penting dalam keberhasilan peningkatan produksi pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis cendawan yang berasosiasi pada benih jagung, dilakukan bulan April sampai bulan Mei 2017 di laboratorium Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Timor. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial. Identifikasi patogen dilakukan dengan karakterisasi morfologi, selain itu dilakukan pengujian daya berkecambah benih dan potensi tumbuh maksimum dengan metode UKDdp. Benih yang digunakan adalah varietas Lokal Putih kecil, varietas lokal putih besar dan hibrida, berasal dari beberapa daerah berdasarkan ketinggian tempat yakni Eban 1000 mdpl, Mamsena 400-800 mdpl, Wini 100-200 mdpl. Hasil identifikasi didapatkan dua genus yaitu Aspergillus sp1, Aspergillus sp2, Aspergillus sp3 dan Fusarium sp, serangan cendawan Aspergillus sp1 tertinggi pada varietas lokal kecil 7,78% dan ketinggian tempat T2 (Wini), Fusarium sp tertinggi pada varietas jagung hibrida 40,00% dan ketinggian tempat tertinggi pada T1 (Eban) 8,67%. Pengujian daya kecambah benih pada ketiga varietas berkisar antara 16,44%-26,00%. ©2018 dipublikasikan oleh Savana Cendana.

Identifikasi Cendawan Patogen pada Beberapa Varietas Benih Padi Sawah Berdasarkan Model Penyimpanan

Benih dikatakan sehat, apabila benih yang digunakan bebas dari mikroorganisme penyebab penyakit salah satunya adalah cendawan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan jenis cendawan patogen yang menginfeksi benih padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di laboratorium Fakultas Pertanian dan laboratorium Biologi Universitas Timor sejak bulan Maret – Mei 2017. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama terdiri dari tiga varietas yakni Ciherang, IR dan Siputih. Faktor kedua terdiri dari model penyimpanan yakni penyimpanan dalam karung plastik, sokal dan kaleng. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tiga varietas dan model bahan pengemas benih tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata terhadap daya berkecambah. Persentase potensi tumbuh maksimum antara varietas siputih (97,33) berbeda secara nyata dengan varietas IR (72,00) dan pada model benih yang disimpan dalam karung plastik (94,22) berbeda secara nyata dengan benih yang disimpan dalam sokal (68,88). Hasil identifikasi ditemukan lima cendawan dari genus Aspergillus sp.1 dan sp.2, Altenaria, Curvularia, Fusarium dan Rhizopus yang menginfeksi benih sehingga menurunkan daya berkecambah. Tingkat serangan cendawan berbeda-beda pada varietas dan model penyimpanan. Kelima cendawan patogen yang ditemukan, dua cendawan diantaranya yaitu Aspergillus dan Fusarium menginfeksi benih dengan tempat penyimpanan yang berbeda lebih rendah, untuk mengurangi tingkat infeksi cendawan Altenaria, Curvularia dan Rhizopusdapat diberi perlakuan fungisida. ©2018 dipublikasikan oleh Savana Cendana.

The Positive Politeness in Conversations Performed by the Students of English Study Program of Timor University

In daily conversation, speakers tend to choose appropriate strategies to saveface. This research tends to analyze the politeness in the students’ conversation. The objectives of the research areto describe the type of address terms of positive politeness andto find out the percentages of address terms of positive politeness in students’ conversations. The method applied in this research was descriptive qualitative method. There were 26 students chosen the sabjects in this research. The data were in the script of conversationin the form of sentences, clauses or words. To obtain the data, the TVR was used. The data were analyzed through transcribing, codifying, classifying, analyzing and discussing. The result of the research shows that the address terms of positive politeness in conversation are greetings, thanking, praising, apology, congratulating, intimacy, obedience, question, request, suggestion, rejection, chastisement, and disagreement. The data in the first category shows that greetings make 27.27% of the total address terms. The thanking is 22%. The apology makes 15%; the intimacy and praising are 10%. The congratulation address is 9% and the lowest is obedience, 7.14% of the total address terms. In the second category; the question is the highest percentage which is 40%. The request is 22%, and then disagreement is 14 %. The suggestion makes 11% and the rejection makes 8%. The chastisement is the lowest percentage which is 5% of the total address terms. Keywords : positive, politeness, address terms

Pengaruh Takaran Pupuk Guano dan Biochar terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Kacang Merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) di Lahan Kering pada Dataran Menengah

Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh takaran pupuk guano dan biochar terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang merah pada dataran menengah, di kebun percobaan Faperta Universitas Timor pada bulan Februari – April 2017, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok faktorial 3 x 3 diulang 3 kali. Faktor pertama takaran guano yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu tanpa guano, guano 5 t/ha dan guano 10 t/ha sedangkan faktor kedua takaran biochar yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu tanpa biochar, biochar 5 t/ha dan biochar 10 t/ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terjadi interaksi antara aplikasi pupuk guano dengan biochar. Pemberian guano 10 t/ha secara nyata meningkatkan kadar lengas tanah (17,62%), luas daun (8.595 cm2), jumlah bintil akar (175,11), bobot kering akar (0,70 g), rasio tajuk akar (16,24), jumlah polong pertanaman (2,86), jumlah biji per polong (2,86), bobot kering biji (7,24 g) dan bobot biji per petak (1,17 t/ha) dengan presentase peningkatan hasil sebesar 31,1%. Peningkatan level pemberian Biochar tidak menunjukkan beda nyata antar level perlakuan, tetapi cenderung meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. ©2017 dipublikasikan oleh Savana Cendana.

Pengaruh Jenis dan Dosis Pupuk Kandang terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Kacang Buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan dosis pupuk kandang terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang buncis serta mendapatkan jenis dan dosis pupuk yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil, dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2016–Februari 2017 di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Timor Kelurahan Sasi, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan dua faktor yakni faktor pertama adalah jenis pupuk kandang, terdiri dari pupuk kandang sapi, pupuk kandang babi, pupuk kandang kambing. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk kandang, terdiri dari 5 t/ha, 10 t/ha, 15 t/ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terjadi interaksi antara jenis dan dosis pupuk kandang. Pemberian jenis pupuk kandang babi dengan dosis 15 t/ha dapat memberikan pertumbuhan tertinggi, yakni pada akhir vegetatifnya mencapai tinggi 56,78 cm dan hasil tertinggi berupa, jumlah polong per tanaman terbanyak (39 polong), jumlah polong segar per petak terbanyak (235 polong), polong segar per tanaman terberat (240 g), dan polong segar per petak terberat (1,28 kg). ©2017 dipublikasikan oleh Savana Cendana.

Pengaruh Aplikasi PGPR dan Jenis Pestisida terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Selada (Lactuca sativa L.)

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui frekuensi aplikasi PGPR dan jenis pestisida yang tepat terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada (Lactuca sativa L.). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok faktorial 3 x 3 dengan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah aplikasi PGPR yang terdiri dari 3 aras yaitu, tanpa PGPR, penyiraman 1 minggu sekali, penyiraman 2 minggu sekali. Faktor kedua jenis pestisida dengan 3 aras yakni tanpa pestisida, pestisida ekstrak daun sirih dan pestisida hayati. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Februari sampai Maret 2017 di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Timor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh interaksi antara aplikasi PGPR dan jenis pestisida terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil selada. Aplikasi PGPR hanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat kering akar sedangkan jenis pestisida hanya berpengaruh terhadap berat kering trubus. Aplikasi PGPR dengan frekuensi dua minggu sekali menghasilkan selada setiap petak paling berat (253,71 g), sedangkan jenis pestisida yang menghasilkan selada setiap petak paling berat adalah pestisida hayati (198,38 g). ©2017 dipublikasikan oleh Savana Cendana.

Pengaruh Bagian Setek dan Lama Perendaman Ekstrak Daun Kelor terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Sirih Daun (Piper betle L.)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bagian setek dan lama perendaman dalam ekstrak daun kelor terhadap pertumbuhan bibit sirih daun serta memperoleh bagian setek dan lama perendaman dalam ekstrak daun kelor yang memberikan pertumbuhan bibit sirih daun yang terbaik. Dua bagian setek, pucuk dan tengah direndam dalam ekstrak kelor selama 1, 3 dan 5 jam dan dilakukan dalam sebuah percobaan pot yang disusun menurut rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan tujuh ulangan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Januari–April 2016 di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Timor, Kefamenanu, TTU, NTT, Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setek yang berasal dari bagian tengah dengan lama perendaman 3 jam menghasilkan pertumbuhan bibit sirih yang paling baik, laju pertumbuhan tunas (0,24 g/minggu), laju asimilasi bersih (0,0044 g/cm2/minggu), Rasio tajuk akar (5,01 g) bobot kering tunas (1,76 g). ©2017 dipublikasikan oleh Savana Cendana.

PERKULIAHAN DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN JIGSAW BERBANTUAN MEDIA PRESENTASI POWERPOINT DISERTAI VISUAL BASIC APPLICATIONS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS MAHASISWA

The ability of mathematical communication is very important for prospective students of mathematics teachers, in order to be able to communicate their mathematical ideas both orally and in writing to others clearly, precisely and effectively. Therefore, prospective students of mathematics teachers need to be equipped with mathematical communication skills when taking the lecture through a student-centered lecture model and utilizing the ever-evolving information technology and communication, so this research aims to improve student’s mathematical communication skills through Jigsaw learning model assisted by media presentation powerpoint accompanied visual basic applications. This research is a kind of quasi experimental research conducted on a second-year student of Mathematics Education Study Program of University of Timor in 2015/2016 academic year. Data collection techniques that is used are test of mathematical communication skills. While the data analysis technique that is used is the one sample t test, two sample t test, and effect size test. The results showed that student’s mathematical communication skills taught by Jigsaw learning model with powerpoint presentation media along with visual basic applications better than the student’s mathematical communication skills taught by conventional learning model with the size of the effect size in the big category that is 0.92.

IDENTIFIKASI CENDAWAN PATOGEN PADA PENYIMPANAN JAGUNG SESUAI KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKATDI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARADALAM PERSPEKTIF KETAHANAN PANGAN

Corn samples were obtained from four storage locations according toexisting local wisdom in TTU district. Corn storage barn taken from Insana Barat (Mamsena), storage with fumigation without husks taken from Miomafo Barat (Haulasi), fumigation and with husks storage is taken from Naibenu (Bakitolas), storage of corn without husks taken from Bikomi Utara (Banain) The Microbiological analisis was conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture Timor University in August until November 2016. The Result showed that the corn,during storage, was infected by pathogenic fungi such as Altenaria, sp, Fusarium, sp and even Aspergiluss, sp which could potentially excrete toxins. High water content correlates to the growth of pathogenic fungi that influence to food safety  K ey word: Corn, corn storage, fungi, pathogenic fungi

Pengaruh Takaran Pupuk Kandang Sapi terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Jagung (Zea mays L.) yang Ditumpangsarikan dengan Kedelai (Glysine max (L.) Merril)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh takaran pupuk kandang sapi terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung yang ditumpangsarikan dengan beberapa varietas kedelai. Percobaan lapangan telah dilakukan di Kebun Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Timordengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial 3 × 3 diulang dalam 3 blok. Faktor yang diteliti adalah takaran pupuk kandang sapi yang terdiri dari tiga aras yaitu tanpa pupuk, 30 t/ha dan 40 t/ha. Faktor kedua adalah varietas kedelai yang terdiri dari tiga aras yaitu Davros, Willis dan Lokal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terjadi pengaruh interaksi antara takaran pupuk kandang sapi dan varietas kedelai terhadap semua parameter yang diamati.Takaran pupuk kandang sapi berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap suhu tanah 75 HST, kadar lengas 50 HST, diameter batang 25 HST, jumlah biji per baris, berat kering 100 biji, berat kering biji per petak dan indeks panen. Varietas kedelai berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap jumlah baris per bulir, jumlah biji per baris dan berat kering biji per petak.Pupuk kandang sapi 40 t/ha merupakan takaran yang lebih baik dan kedelai varietas Lokal lebih cocok untuk ditumpangsarikan dengan jagungpulut dengan hasil jagung 1,0 t/ha dan kedelai 0,7 t/ha. ©2016 dipubikasikan oleh Savana Cendana.