Recovery Time Period Research Articles

Electrophysiological properties of intravenous metoprolol in man.

Electrophysiological changes produced by intravenous (0.1 mg/kg) metoprolol, a new selective beta 1-blocking agent devoid of intrinsic activity, were studied in 16 subjects with estimated normal impulse formation and conduction. The most important effects were sinus bradycardia, mild increase of sinoatrial conduction time, depression of intranodal conduction, and prolongation of AV node refractory periods. Sinus node recovery time and atrial refractory periods were unmodified. Infranodal conduction and the refractory periods of the His-Purkinje system, as well as of the bundle-branches, were unchanged. These effects are compared with those observed after intravenous propranolol, pindolol, and oxprenolol.

Electrocardiographic and hemodynamic effects of tocainide (W-36095) in man.

Tocainide is a new antiarrhythmic drug with a chemical structure related to that of lidocaine. In the present study, healthy volunteers were investigated after infusion of tocainide 450 mg over 45 min. In nine subjects His bundle electrograms, sinus recovery time and ventricular effective refractory periods were recorded. No major changes were seen. In eight cases the hemodynamic effects at rest and during exercise were studied. No significant circulatory effects were observed. No clinically important side-effects were noted.

Electrophysiologic properties of intravenous oxprenolol in man

Electrophysiologic modifications produced by intravenous administration of 0.1 mg/Kg Oxprenolol were studied in 16 subjects with estimated normal impulse formation and conduction. Significant effects were sinus bradycardia, mild increase of sino-atrial conduction time, depression of intranodal conduction and prolongation of A-V node refractory periods. Sinus node recovery time and atrial refractory periods were unchanged. Infranodal conduction and the refractory periods of the His-Purkinje system, as well as of the bundle branches, were unchanged. These effects are compared with those observed after intravenous Propranolol and Prindolol.

High-repetition-rate step-recovery-diode monostable circuits

Improved step-recovery-diode timing circuits are described that have very fast recovery time and freqency-invariant timing period. Output pulse durations from 2 to 100 ns may be generated with less than 10% variation over the frequency range 1–40 MHz.

Ethometric analysis of pheromone receptor function in cockroaches

Abstract Cockroach olfactory receptors were studied with respect to their role in mediating behavioural responses to aggregation pheromone and female sex pheromone by employing experimental cockroaches in bioassays for aggregation and courting activity. Using organ ablation and techniques combining ablation with colchicine treatment of antennae, the antennae were determined to be sensory organs for perception of both pheromones. Since proteins are thought to be implicated in the molecular mechanism of olfactory perception, chemicals known to affect proteins were applied to the antennae. Bathing antennae with saline, distilled water, vincristine, vinblastine, or colchicine resulted in no reduction in responses to aggregation pheromone, whereas responses to sex pheromone were reduced. Vinca alkaloids caused the greatest depression in responses, and of these, vincristine treatment required the longest time period for complete recovery. Full sexual display by vinca alkaloid-treated males was not apparent until 8 days after treatment. The effect of formaldehyde vapour treatment, habituation, or both produced differential results. Formaldehyde treatment reduced responses to aggregation pheromone, but did not affect responses to sex pheromone. Habituation alone had no effect on aggregation, but initially reduced responses to sex pheromone. Combined treatments did not affect responses to aggregation pheromone, but resulted in a complete loss of responses to sex pheromone requiring a recovery period of 8 days. The main conclusion drawn from this work is that although responses to sex and aggregation pheromone are mediated by antennal sensillae, their mechanisms must differ drastically.

Assessment of Stroke Outcome Based on Initial Stroke Severity Measured on Different Stroke Severity Scales

Background: Stroke is the second most common cause of death globally and the major cause of disability. Thougha number of studies have been conducted on stroke outcome and recovery of walking function, the list and effectsof predictive factors are still a major challenge to stroke rehabilitation.Materials and methods: This was a randomized prospective study to evaluate whether initial stroke severityinfluences the stroke outcome. The patients were categorized after CT scan into two groups (group I- infarction typeand group II haemorrhagic type). Initial stroke severity was evaluated in Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS). Functionalstatus was evaluated after admission in Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Barthel Index (BI) and ShortForm- 36 (SF- 36).To see the outcome in relation to time patients were evaluated with FIM, BI and SF- 36 four weeksafter discharge.Results: Analysis of Scandinavian Stroke Scale indicated that the overall score was higher among the patients withcerebral infarct (mean score 29.25) compared to patients with cerebral hemorrhage (mean score 20.08) and themean difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Analysis of Barthel Index indicated that the percentage ofimprovement was significantly high among the patients with cerebral hemorrhage compared to cerebral infarct interms of transfers from bed to chair or vice versa (p<0.001). However, improvement was also high among thepatients with cerebral hemorrhage as well as cerebral infarct, but the difference was not statistically significant(p>0.05)Conclusion: This study indicates that initial motor, sensory and cognitive impairment can be good predictor inamount and time period of recovery of mobility function and other aspect in acute stroke patients, as data shows thatmilder the initial impairment faster and more is the recovery.Keywords: Stroke; cerebrovascular accident; outcome assessmentDOI: 10.3329/jom.v11i2.5460J MEDICINE 2010; 11 : 137-142