Sedentary Behavior Time Research Articles

Validity of the international physical activity questionnaire and bouchard diary in Chinese adults

Based on the accelerometer, the validity of the international physical activity questionnaire long version(IPAQ-L) and Bouchard diary were evaluated to measure the daily physical activity of Chinese adults aged 18-59 years old. A total of 200 Chinese adults were recruited in Yinzhou District of Ningbo City in 2019, including 78 males and 122 females, the three age groups 18-29, 30-49, 50 and above accounted for 19. 5%, 61. 5% and 18. 0%, respectively. The volunteers wore Actigraph WGT3 x-BT three-dimensional accelerometer for 3 days, and completed the 3 consecutive days& apos; Bouchard diary and the IPAQ-L. The physical activity energy expenditure(PAEE), sedentary inactivity time, light physical activity time(LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity time(MVPA) measured by the three tools were estimated respectively. Spearman analysis was used to analyze the correlation, the Friedman test and the Bland-Altman plot were used to test the homogeneity of the three method. 196 volunteers were included in this study. The correlation coefficients of PAEE between IPAQ and diary and accelerometer were 0. 32 and 0. 58, respectively, the correlation coefficients of sedentary behavior were 0. 17, 0. 25, and LPA time was 0. 33, and the estimated IPAQ for MVPA time better than diary. The difference test result showed that, except for IPAQ in the measurement of MVPA, there was no statistical difference from the accelerometer measurement result(P=0. 684), and the difference between other estimated values and the accelerometer measurement result was statistically significant(P& lt; 0. 01), Bland-Altman plot result showed that the diary and IPAQ had good consistency in the measurement of PAEE and IPAQ in the estimation of MVPA time, but there was an overestimation in PAEE. In addition, IPAQ had poor validity in measuring sedentary behavior and LPA. IPAQ and Bouchard diary have better validity in evaluating PAEE, and the diary is better than IPAQ. IPAQ has better validity in evaluating MVPA time, but has poor validity in estimating sedentary behavior and LPA time.

Weekday-Weekend Sedentary Behavior and Recreational Screen Time Patterns in Families with Preschoolers, Schoolchildren, and Adolescents: Cross-Sectional Three Cohort Study.

Background: Excessive recreational screen time (RST) has been associated with negative health consequences already being apparent in preschoolers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reveal parent-child sedentary behavior, and RST patterns and associations with respect to the gender, age category of children, and days of the week. Methods: Our cross-sectional survey included 1175 parent-child dyads with proxy-reported RST data collected during a regular school week during the spring and fall between 2013 and 2019. The parent-child RST (age and RST) relationship was quantified using Pearson’s (rP) correlation coefficient. Results: Weekends were characterized by longer RST for all family members (daughters/sons: +34/+33 min/day, mothers/fathers: +43/+14 min/day) and closer parent-child RST associations than on weekdays. The increasing age of children was positively associated with an increase in RST on weekdays (+6.4/+7.2 min per year of age of the daughter/son) and weekends (+5.8/+7.5 min per year of age of the daughter/son). Conclusions: Weekends provide a suitable target for implementation of programs aimed at reducing excessive RST involving not only children, but preferably parent-child dyads.

Adolescents\u2019 sedentary time, affect, and contextual factors: An ecological momentary assessment study

BackgroundFew adolescents achieve sufficient levels of physical activity, and many are spending most of their time in sedentary behavior. Affective response following sedentary time may influence motivation to remain sedentary. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) is a real-time data capture methodology that can be used to identify factors influencing sedentary time, such as the context of the home setting, and resulting affective state within a free-living setting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between context at home and adolescent sedentary time, and the relationship of sedentary time and subsequent affect.MethodsAdolescents (n = 284; 10–16 y) participated in an EMA study that used random, interval-based sampling methods. Adolescents each received 22 unannounced surveys over 7-days through a smartphone application. One survey was randomly sent within each 2-h time-period. These time-periods occurred between 4:00 pm-8:00 pm on weekdays and 8:00 am-8:00 pm on the weekend. This 15-question survey included a series of questions on context (indoors/outdoors, alone/not alone) and positive affect. Adolescents concurrently wore an accelerometer at the hip, and the 30-min bout of accelerometry data prior to each survey was used in analyses. Mixed-effect location scale models were used to examine the association between context at home and sedentary time (stage 1) and the adjusted sedentary time and positive affect (stage 2), with each model adjusted for covariates.ResultsAdolescents were 12.6 ± 1.9 y of age on average, about half were White (58%), and engaged in high levels of sedentary behavior during the 30 min prior to the survey (21.4 ± 6.8 min). Most surveys occurred when adolescents were with others (59%) and indoors (88%). In Stage 1, both being alone and being indoors at home were positively associated with sedentary time (p < 0.001 for both). In Stage 2, adjusted sedentary time was not related to positive affect. Age was negatively related to positive affect (p < 0.001).ConclusionsBoth contextual factors, being alone and indoors at home, were related to additional time spent sedentary compared to being with someone or outdoors. After adjustment, sedentary time was not related to subsequent positive affect, indicating other factors may be related to adolescent’s positive affect in home settings.

Relationship between sedentary behavior time and physical activity level, mental health status of preschool children

Relationship between sedentary behavior time and physical activity level, mental health status of preschool children

How Does Bariatric Surgery Affect Fall Risk Factors?

This study aimed to assess bariatric surgery (BS) effect on fall risk factors. Fifteen patients undergoing BS (intervention group, IG) and 10 non-surgical obese patients (control group, CG) were recruited. IG was assessed at pre-surgery and 6 months after BS, while CG was assessed at baseline and reassessed after 6 months. At both time-points, anthropometry, lower limbs muscle strength (isokinetic dynamometer), balance in bipedal stance (force platform), daily physical activity (accelerometry), and health-related quality of life (SF-36 questionnaire) were assessed. At baseline, there were no differences between CG and IG for all parameters analyzed. Compared to CG, 6 months post-BS, the IG decreased weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumference. Balance showed limited improvements, with gains observed only on antero-posterior and total center of pressure velocity. Muscle strength displayed a divergent evolution 6 months after BS, with a decrease in absolute strength but an increase in relative strength. Although BS did not induce significant changes in time spent in different physical activity intensities, it decreased time in sedentary behavior and increased number of daily steps. Post-BS patients reported substantial improvements in quality-of-life, especially in physical function. Patients seem to overestimate their actual physical fitness improvements attained after BS, which combined with increases in physical activity, might increase the likelihood of engaging in risky daily tasks to what they are physically not prepared to, consequently increasing fall risk.

Patterns of Daily Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Recent Lung Transplant Recipients

Purpose Greater physical activity (PA) and less time in sedentary behavior are associated with better recovery post lung transplantation and reduced all-cause mortality. The aim of this analysis was to describe and examine associations between participant characteristics and objectively measured activity among recent lung transplant recipients (LTRs). Methods In this descriptive study, actigraph accelerometers were used to measure baseline PA for 20 LTRs enrolled in an ongoing telerehabilitation intervention study. Participants were instructed to wear the accelerometer during waking hours for 7 days. Average time spent in sedentary and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were calculated in minutes per day. Spearman correlations were used to examine the relationships between activity measures and baseline characteristics (age, sex, body mass index (BMI), underlying lung condition, length of stay (LOS) of transplant hospitalization, hypertension stage, Charlson Comorbidity Index Scores (CCI), and days post-transplantation). Results Baseline PA data were collected at a mean of 252±131 days post-transplantation. LTRs were mostly white (95%) and female (60%) with a mean age of 55.6±13.4 years. Most participants had a double lung transplant (90%), non-obstructive lung disease (60%), elevated blood pressure (55%), normal BMI (50%), and scored ≤3 on the CCI (80%). The mean LOS for transplant hospitalization was 25.8±11.4 days. Participants wore the actigraph accelerometers for an average of 6.8±0.6 days. Time spent in sedentary behavior and MVPA were 700±97 and 15±14 min/day, respectively. Time spent in sedentary behavior was significantly higher among males (757±112 vs. 662±67 p=.045). CCI (r=.482, p=.031), days post-transplantation (r=.597, p=.005), and sex (r=.460, p=.041) were significantly positively correlated with time spent in sedentary behavior. No other significant correlations were found between PA measures and baseline characteristics. Conclusion Participants spend the majority of the day in sedentary behavior and had less than desirable levels of MVPA. Comorbidity index, days post-transplantation, and sex were found to be moderately correlated with sedentary time. Further studies are planned to evaluate physical activity patterns of LTRs over time and examine the influence on lung transplantation recovery.

Using compositional data analysis to explore accumulation of sedentary behavior, physical activity and youth health

PurposeThe study aimed to describe youth time-use compositions, focusing on time spent in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior and physical activity (PA), and to examine associations of these time-use compositions with cardiometabolic biomarkers. MethodsAccelerometer and cardiometabolic biomarker data from 2 Australian studies involving youths 7–13 years old were pooled (complete cases with accelerometry and adiposity marker data, n = 782). A 9-component time-use composition was formed using compositional data analysis: time in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior; time in shorter and longer bouts of light-, moderate-, or vigorous-intensity PA; and “other time” (i.e., non-wear/sleep). Shorter and longer bouts of sedentary time were defined as <5 min and ≥5 min, respectively. Shorter bouts of light-, moderate-, and vigorous-intensity PA were defined as <1 min; longer bouts were defined as ≥1 min. Regression models examined associations between overall time-use composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers. Then, associations were derived between ratios of longer activity patterns relative to shorter activity patterns, and of each intensity level relative to the other intensity levels and “other time”, and cardiometabolic biomarkers. ResultsConfounder-adjusted models showed that the overall time-use composition was associated with adiposity, blood pressure, lipids, and the summary score. Specifically, more time in longer bouts of light-intensity PA relative to shorter bouts of light-intensity PA was significantly associated with greater body mass index z-score (zBMI) (β = 1.79; SE = 0.68) and waist circumference (β = 18.35, SE = 4.78). When each activity intensity was considered relative to all higher intensities and “other time”, more time in light- and vigorous-intensity PA, and less time in sedentary behavior and moderate-intensity PA, were associated with lower waist circumference. ConclusionAccumulating PA, particularly light-intensity PA, in frequent short bursts may be more beneficial for limiting adiposity compared to accumulating the same amount of PA at these intensities in longer bouts.

Sedentary behavior, physical exercise, and cellphone use time among early adolescents: The moderating but not mediating role of self-control

This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the characteristics of cellphone use in Chinese early adolescents and the moderating and mediating role of self-control in the relationships among sedentary behavior, physical exercise, and cellphone use time. Using convenience sampling, we selected eight middle schools in Guangzhou, China. Two classes in the first grade of each middle school were randomly selected as the survey subjects. A total of 715 early adolescents (ages 11–13) completed surveys about the purpose of using cellphones (i.e., learning, entertainment, and others), cellphone use scenarios (i.e., sitting, standing, and moving), sedentary behavior, physical exercise, cellphone use time, and self-control. The results showed that the mean total daily cellphone use was 36.44 ± 37.42 min/day in early adolescents, who used cellphones mainly for studying, and 91.7% of them were seated when using cellphones. Cellphone use time was positively correlated with sedentary behavior, not correlated with physical exercise, and negatively correlated with self-control. Self-control played a moderating (not mediating) role not only between sedentary behavior and cellphone use time but also between physical exercise and cellphone use time. This study revealed the complex relationships among sedentary behavior, physical exercise, self-control, and cellphone use time. Our findings have significance for preventing the overuse of cellphones among early adolescents.

Fatores de risco para doenças crônicas em jogadoras de futebol amador do Sul da Bahia

Embora o Brasil seja um país de tradição no futebol, pouco se tem investigado acerca dos aspectos relacionados à saúde de jogadores, sobretudo no que tange o futebol feminino. Com isso, o objetivo do estudo foi descrever o perfil dos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT), de comportamento sedentário e sócio demográfico de jogadoras amadoras de futebol para mulheres. Participaram do estudo 41 jogadoras residentes em Ilhéus e Itabuna (BA), com 26, 8 ± 7, 3 anos de idade. Foi aplicado um questionário para avaliar informações sócio-demográficas (idade, sexo, nível de escolaridade, renda familiar), fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento das DCNT (nível de atividade física, tabagismo, consumo de álcool, consumo alimentar, sobrepeso/obesidade) e comportamento sedentário. Observou-se que 46,3% das jogadoras se autodeclararam pardas, 73,2% com Ensino Médio completo e que apresentaram renda familiar média inferior a dois salários mínimos. Sobre os fatores de risco, as jogadoras foram classificadas como ativas fisicamente (100%), sem hábito de fumar (92,7%), consumidoras de frutas e legumes (95,1%) e que apresentaram padrões antropométricos normais (63,4%). Entretanto, reportaram o consumo abusivo de álcool (51,2%) e dispêndio de grande parte do tempo livre em comportamento sedentário (75,6%). Conclui-se que as jogadoras apresentam em sua maioria bons indicadores de saúde, entretanto o consumo abusivo de álcool e o comportamento sedentário são indicadores preocupantes.

Physical activity and sedentary behavior adaptability to COVID-19 social and mobility constraints: a follow-up study in Ilhéus – Bahia/Brazil

BACKGROUND: The COVID19 Pandemic has impacted human behavior worldwide. Restrictive circulation, working and staying at home, and limitations on outdoor leisure time may have changed people’s physical activity level, stimulating sedentary behavior. AIM: To examine changes in physical activity levels and use of urban space for leisure during quarantine in the municipality of Ilhéus / BA – Brazil. METHOD: Thirty-nine (53.8% of men) residents from Ilhéus answered an online questionnaire before (pre-pandemic) and during (post-pandemic) the adoption of social distancing. Physical activity level (IPAQ survey) and places for leisure physical activity were determined by using the GIS technique. RESULTS: Significant decrease in occupational (-68%) and transportation (-71%) time was found. An increase in physical activity at home (152%) was observed. The average distance from house to leisure physical activity space decreased 74%, and time in sedentary behavior has increased only for men on weekdays (35%). CONCLUSION: Even without difference between the total amount of physical activity before and during COVID19, a significant reallocation in time spent in occupational, transportation, household, and space of leisure-time physical activity could indicate demands and adaptations occurred during the study period.

Physical activity profiles in Parkinson\u2019s disease

BackgroundIdentifying physical activity (PA) profiles of people with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) could provide clinically meaningful knowledge concerning how to tailor PA interventions. Our objectives were therefore to i) identify distinct PA profiles in people with PD based on accelerometer data, ii) explore differences between the profiles regarding personal characteristics and physical function.MethodsAccelerometer data from 301 participants (43% women, mean age: 71 years) was analysed using latent profile analyses of 15 derived PA variables. Physical function measurements included balance performance, comfortable gait speed and single and dual-task functional mobility.ResultsThree distinct profiles were identified; “Sedentary” (N = 68), “Light Movers” (N = 115), “Steady Movers” (N = 118). “Sedentary” included people with PD with high absolute and relative time spent in Sedentary behaviour (SB), little time light intensity physical activity (LIPA) and negligible moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). “Light Movers” were people with PD with values close to the mean for all activity variables. “Steady Movers” spent less time in SB during midday, and more time in LIPA and MVPA throughout the day, compared to the other profiles. “Sedentary” people had poorer balance (P = 0.006), poorer functional mobility (P = 0.027) and were more likely to have fallen previously (P = 0.027), compared to “Light Movers. The Timed Up and Go test, an easily performed clinical test of functional mobility, was the only test that could distinguish between all three profiles.ConclusionDistinct PA profiles, with clear differences in how the time awake is spent exist among people with mild-moderate PD.

Sedentary behaviours and their relationship with body composition of athletes

ABSTRACT During the recovery period, athletes present high sedentary behaviour (SB). In non-athletes, there is a direct relationship between SB and obesity. However, little is known about this relationship in athletes. We hypothesized that different types of SB entail different associations with body composition outcomes. We examined the associations between different types of SB and body composition outcomes in 135 athletes (70 males) aged 21.3 ± 3.9 years old. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed to assess fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and trunk fat mass (TFM). A validated SB questionnaire (PACE) was used to estimate total SB and specific sedentary pursuits on an average day. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed, adjusting for age, sex, weekly training time, years of sport practice, and sport type. A positive association was found for total SB and total screen time with %TFM (β = 0.220, p = 0.038 and β = 0.319, p = 0.040, respectively), while an inverse association was found for %FFM (β = −0.214, p = 0.042 and β = −0.310, p = 0.026). A higher total screen time was related with a higher %FM (β = 0.283, p = 0.035). With a much stronger effect size, cell phone screen time was positively related with %FM (β = 1.447, p = 0.001). There is still debate whether high levels of physical activity can fully counteract the harms of SB. These findings suggest that SB, particularly cell phone screen time, can compromise athletes’ body composition, regardless of weekly training time. Sport federations and coaches may improve athletes’ body composition by targeting specific sedentary pursuits, i.e. total screen time and cell phone screen time, during athletes’ recovery time. Highlights Even in athletes, SB can compromise total and regional body composition regardless of high training time. Screen time, specifically cell phone screen time seems to be the sedentary pursuit to target in athletes. Sport federations and coaches must control SB during athletes' recovery time.

Agreement Between Self-Reported and Device-Based Sedentary Time among Eight Countries: Findings from the ELANS.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the agreement between self-reported and device-based sedentary time among eight countries in Latin America. As part of the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS), data were collected from 2524 participants (18-65years) across eight countries. Participants reported time spent sedentary in different activities (computer use at home, videogame use, reading, sitting down to chat with friends/relatives or listening to music, speaking on the phone, watching TV, and riding in a car). Overall sitting time was assessed using a single item from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Device-based sedentary time was assessed using Actigraph GT3X accelerometers. Self-reported overall sitting time (227.1min/day) produced the lowest values of the three assessment methods, followed by self-reported sum of different types of sedentary behavior (364.1min/day) and device-based sedentary time (568.6min/day). Overall, correlation coefficients and ICC varied from weak to moderate (rho: 0.25-0.39; ICC: 0.21:0.39) between self-reported sum of different types of sedentary behavior, self-reported overall sitting time, and device-based sedentary time. The Bland-Altman plots indicated low to moderate agreement between self-reported overall sitting time and device-based sedentary time by sex. Self-report measures underestimate sedentary behavior and overall sitting time when compared with device-based measures. The weak and moderate level of agreement between methods indicates that caution is required when comparing associations between different self-report and device-based measures of sedentary behavior with health outcomes.

Cultural adaptation, translation and validation of the Spanish version of Past-day Adults\u2019 Sedentary Time

BackgroundTo better understand sedentary behaviour and favour international comparisons, more evidence from different countries are needed. However, there are a few tools available in Spanish to measure sedentary behaviour. This study aimed to culturally adapt, translate and validate the Past-day Adults’ Sedentary Time (PAST) questionnaire in Chilean adults compared with the ActivPAL.MethodOne hundred one workers wore an ActivPAL for 1 week and were asked to respond to the Spanish version of the PAST twice on different visits at a 7-day interval. The PAST assesses sedentary behaviour in several domains, including working time, during the previous day. Reliability was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Correlations and Bland-Altman methods were used to determine accuracy properties of the PAST compared with the ActivPAL.ResultsSeventy-seven participants provided valid data (51.0% male; age = 39.0 ± 12.39 years). The PAST showed moderate reliability (ICC = 0.63). For the total time in sedentary behavior per day, the PAST showed no correlation (r = 0.21, p = 0.07) and a mean bias of 54.9 min/day (LoA 95%: − 484.3, 594.2 min/day) with the ActivPAL. For the total time in SB at work, the PAST showed moderate reliability (ICC = 0.40), weak correlation (r = 0.37, p < 0.002), and mean bias was 33.8 min/day (LoA 95%: − 285.7, 353.3 min/day).ConclusionsThe PAST performed better when estimating sedentary behaviour during working hours compared with the whole day. In this setting, accuracy properties were comparable with other self-report tools.

Small-Groups Versus Full-Class Exergaming on Urban Minority Adolescents' Physical Activity, Enjoyment, and Self-Efficacy.

The effects of school-based exergaming interventions on adolescents' physical activity (PA) and psychosocial outcomes have been mixed. Researchers speculate this may be attributed to design issues. Therefore, this study examined differences in urban minority adolescents' PA, enjoyment, and self-efficacy during small-groups and full-class exergaming. Forty-seven urban minority adolescents (83% black; X¯age=11.8+1.3 y) completed two 15-minute exergaming sessions on the Xbox One Kinect Just Dance: (1)small groups (n = 3-4) and (2)full class (n = 23-24). Participants' time in sedentary behavior, light PA, and moderate to vigorous PA and steps were retrieved from ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers with enjoyment and self-efficacy assessed using validated surveys. Participants spent significantly more time in sedentary behavior (5.9 [5.2] min vs 3.5 [2.7] min, respectively: P < .001, d = 0.57) and less time in moderate-to-vigorous PA (2.1 [2.8] min vs 5.5 [2.2]min, respectively: P < .001, d = 0.85) during the full-class versus the small-groups session. Moreover, small-groups exergaming resulted in significantly higher steps than the full-class exergaming (504.2 [132.1] vs 387.8 [122.1], respectively: P = .01, d = 0.50) and significantly greater enjoyment (3.5 [1.1] vs 3.2 [1.0], respectively: P = .02, d = 0.37). There were no significant differences between sessions for time in light PA and self-efficacy. Small-groups exergaming appears ideal for promoting enjoyable PA at higher intensities and lower sedentary time in underserved minority adolescents.

Neighborhood Environment and Objectively Measured Sedentary Behavior Among Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: We examined the relationships between objectively assessed neighborhood environment and the patterns of sedentary behavior among older adults.Methods: A total of 126 community-dwelling older adults (aged 65 years or above) were recruited. Data on neighborhood environmental attributes (resident density, street intersection density, sidewalk availability, accessible destinations, and accessible public transportation), accelerometer-assessed total time and patterns of sedentary behavior (number and duration of bouts), and sociodemographic characteristics were collected. Multiple linear regression models were developed.Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, greater sidewalk availability was negatively related to the number of sedentary bouts (β = −0.185; 95% CI: −0.362, 0.015; p = 0.034) and sedentary bout duration (β = −0.180; 95% CI: −0.354, −0.011; p = 0.037).Conclusions: This study revealed that a favorable neighborhood environment characterized by sidewalk availability is negatively associated with sedentary behavior patterns in Taiwanese older adults. These findings are critical to inform environmental policy initiatives to prevent sedentary lifestyle in older adults.

Measurement Reactivity of Accelerometer-Based Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity in 2 Assessment Periods.

The purposes of this study were to examine accelerometer measurement reactivity (AMR) in sedentary behavior (SB), physical activity (PA), and accelerometer wear time in 2 measurement periods and to quantify AMR as a human-related source of bias for the reproducibility of SB and PA estimates. In total, 136 participants (65% women, mean age = 54.6y) received 7-day accelerometry at the baseline and after 12months. Latent growth models were used to identify AMR. Intraclass correlations were calculated to examine the reproducibility using 2-level mixed-effects linear regression analyses. Within each 7-day accelerometry assessment, the participants increased their time spent in SB (b = 2.4min/d; b = 3.8min/d) and reduced their time spent in light PA (b = -2.0min/d; b = -3.2min/d), but did not change moderate to vigorous PA. The participants reduced their wear time (b = -5.2min/d) only at the baseline. The intraclass correlations ranged from .42 for accelerometer wear time to .74 for SB. The AMR was not identified as a source of bias in any regression model. AMR may influence SB and PA estimates differentially. Although 7-day accelerometry seems to be a reproducible measure, our findings highlight accelerometer wear time as a crucial confounder in analyzing SB and PA data.

Exploration of individualized goals and ergonomic modifications to address sedentary behaviors and perceived health and well-being among office workers.

Office workers spend significant time in sedentary behaviors. Exploration of interventions to address this concern is warranted. This study explored the impact of individualized goals and ergonomic modifications on sedentary behaviors and perceived health and well-being among office workers. A six-week, one-group, pre- and post-test design was utilized to assess sedentary behaviors and perceptions of health and well-being among office workers using the RAND 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ), actigraphy, and a workstation assessment. Statistically significant improvements were noted from pre- to post-test on the RAND SF-36 for energy/fatigue (p = 0.000) and emotional well-being (p = 0.049) and subjective sleep quality using the PSQI (p = 0.005). Participants (n = 17) could set up to two goals related to health and well-being. A majority of the 31 established goals were met: increase physical activity (n = 11/16), reduce sedentary behavior (n = 8/11), and improve personal health (n = 3/4). The use of individualized goals and ergonomic modifications is effective for addressing perceived health and well-being among office workers. However, limited statistical significance was found regarding the impact of these interventions on sedentary behaviors or activity levels.

A Cross-Sectional Study on Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep among Under-Five Children in Slum Areas of Burdwan Municipality, West Bengal

Introduction: Less time in physical activity, increase in sedentary time, and screen time have various negative health consequences and are a matter of concern for childhood health now-a-days. The study was to find out the prevalence of adequate physical activity and sleep, the status of sedentary behaviour and screen time among under-five children residing in the slum areas of Burdwan Municipality and their association with selected demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of study participants. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among 180 under-five children residing in slums of Burdwan Municipality in Purba Bardhaman District of West Bengal, India, during January to March 2020. A predesigned, pretested schedule was used to collect necessary information on physical activity, sedentary, and sleep behavior of under-five children following the recent guideline by the World Health Organization. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of Burdwan Medical College and Hospital. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), software version 20. Results: Overall 69.4%, 70%, and 63.3% of the children were physically active, restrained themselves in enjoying their sedentary life and screen viewing within recommended timeframe, respectively. 84.4% children had adequate sleep time with nap. Logistic regression revealed that the absence of siblings was associated with inadequate physical activity (adjusted odds ratios [AOR] =3.82 [1.88, 7.77]) and more than recommended sedentary lifestyle (AOR = 5.01 [2.45, 10.26]) while more than recommended screen viewing was associated with age (AOR = 4.84 [2.34, 10.00]) and house condition (AOR = 6.54 [2.32, 18.42]). Conclusions: This study put emphasis on the requirement of focussed intervention on increasing physical activity and reduction in screen-based engagement among under-five.

Movement behaviors, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in children from the gulf cooperation council countries: A narrative review

Movement behaviors inclusive of physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep time (ST), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in children. The aim of this narrative review is to synthesize data on movement behaviors (PA, SB, and ST) and CRF in relation to CVD risk factors in children from the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Three online databases were searched up until August 2019. Movement behaviour studies were included if cut-offs were ≥60 min/day for PA, ≤2 or ≤≤3 h/day for SB (screen time), and ≥≥8 or ≥9 h/day for ST. Laboratory- and field-based CRF measures were included. Thirty-five studies were included in the review. Participants were aged 8–19 years old. Seven studies were on males and one study on female-only participants. PA was reported in 13 studies, with 28% considered physically active. SB was reported in 13 studies and 56% met the guidelines. Only one study measured ST, with 23% meeting the recommendation. Eight studies measured CRF, and in six of these studies, the mean maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) was 42 and 36 mL/kg/min for males and females, respectively. Two studies used the one-mile walk/run test on male participants, with a mean performance time of 10 min. One study investigated multiple CVD risk factors in relation to CRF, and four studies with body mass index (BMI) only. One study on PA and SB was examined in relation to BMI. Overall, weak correlations were found between movement behaviors and CRF in relation to CVD risk factors. The prevalence of meeting PA and ST guidelines among children from GCC is low. On average, CRF is slightly above the proposed healthy cut off points for both genders. Future prospective research is needed on children from the GCC to comprehensively examine the relationship between movement behaviors, CRF and CVD risk.