Timber Forest Products Research Articles

The Study of Silviculture System for Selective Cutting and Line Planting (TPTJ) and Indonesian Selective Cutting and Planting (TPTI) Application at PT Intracawood Manufacturing Bulungan Regency, North Kalimantan

Selective Cutting and Line Planting (TPTJ) silvicultural systems and Indonesian Selective Cutting and Planting (TPTI) are two of the five silvicultural systems that have been determined by the Ministry of Forestry Regulation No. P.11 / Menhut-II / 2009 juncto P.65 / Menhut-II / 2014 concerning silvicultural systems in the area of timber forest product utilization permits (IUPHHK) in production forests. Three other silvicultural systems based on the regulation are the Gap Logging silviculture system, the Fully Made Rejuvenation System, and the Multi Silviculture System. This study aims to examine the implementation of the TPTJ and TPTI systems in the PT Intracawood Manufacturing (PT Intraca) area, Bulungan Regency, North Kalimantan. The methodology of this research is through the approach of growth analysis, comparison of stand increment, observation of environmental conditions, interviews and literature study. Based on the field research, it was found that the diameter increments of Shorea leprosula, Shorea dasyphila, and Shorea parvifolia were greater in the TPTJ system compared to TPTI. However, the TPTI silviculture system at PT Intraca is easier to apply in the field than the TPTJ silviculture system. The TPTJ system has become less effective because planting in the TPTJ system has been carried out by making a 3-meter wide track with a length of approximately 1 km in a plot and if there is potential for the wood to become ineffective. In the area of PT Intraca, to improve the effectiveness of the TPTJ system a mosaic system is used where the planting path is made only in areas with less potential and representative for planting. The types of plants planted in the TPTJ system are far superior, perspective, and are faster than the types of plants in the TPTI system. Planting/enrichment in the TPTI system is easier because it does not need to make a planting path. Planting with seedlings from the extraction is only a transfer from the growth of tillers from areas with an excessive potential for tillers.

Clonal effect on rooting and acclimation rates for in-vitro micropropagation in hybrid walnut (Juglans x intermedia Mj 209): preliminary observations

The success of walnut ( Juglans sp.) planted forests for timber production have been very variable and genetic material is considered as one of the main drivers (together with site selection and forest management) for the success or failure of the plantations, as the performance of the trees from seed material is very variable. Considering the relevance of this genetic material, several clones have been selected and research have been conducted in order to improve micropropagation procedures. The objective of the present study is to analyze the effects of different clones in the rooting and acclimation rates for in-vitro micropropagation in hybrid walnut ( Juglans x intermedia Mj 209). The results show a significative effect of clones on the rooting and the total micropropagation efficiency rates, but not on the acclimation rate. The efficiency rate of D-117 (65%) is considered statistically higher than the one for D-15 (38%), caused by a higher rooting rate of D-117 (73%) compared with D-15 (55%), because acclimation rate (57%) did not show any clone effect. Considering these differences in the micropropagation success, it might be considered (together with other factors) for clone selection to increase the general performance of the plant production units in large-scale propagation.

Determining the best agroforestry system using multicriteria analysis in Banyumas Forest Management Unit

Social welfare and food security become essential issues of forest management in Java. Agroforestry development have a potential to tackle these both issues without sacrifing the forest sustainability. The best agroforestry system should integrate the following three aspects: production, ecological, and social sustainabilities. This study aimed to identify the best agroforestry system that are established in plantation forest area, in Banyumas Forest Management Unit. Four different agroforestry systems were evaluated i.e. Teak, Pine, Cajuput, and Clonal Teak patterns. Each agroforestry system has different intercropping area based on their initial spacing of woody plant. The analytical hierarchy process method and followed by multi criteria analysis were used to determine the best agroforestry system. The proposed indicators of production aspect were timber forest product and non timber forest product. Meanwhile, the defined parameters of ecological aspect were plant biodiversity, microclimate, as well as soil and water conservation. The indicators of social aspect were market network, adoptability, and manageability. The result indicated that the weight for production, ecological, and social sustainabilities aspects were 0.43; 0.14; 0.43, respectively. This study revealed the best agroforestry system that can integrate the balance of production, ecological, and social sustainabilities aspects was Clonal Teak pattern (2.39). The next position was occupied by Teak pattern (2.08) and then followed by Pine pattern (2.06). The Cajuput pattern, however, was the last position (1.15), and therefore it was not recommended for agroforestry system in this area.

Economic value of non timber forest products - A Case study from South Tapanuli, North Sumatera, Indonesia

Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are any product or service other than wood produced in the forest. NTFPs that are used by people around the forest are medicinal plants, resins, gums, essences and a series of bark and fibre, fruits and nuts. The study was conducted in Marancar Godang Village, Marancar District, South Tapanuli Regency, and North Sumatera. This study tries to find out, the dependence and significance of livelihoods from NTFPs for forest-dependent people. The study site has economic value for the utilization of non-timber forest products is 2,441,416,000,- IDR/year. The existence of forests is still a support for people’s lives in the economic field.

Regional Disparities in Odisha - A Study of the Undivided “Kbk” Districts

One of the salient features of chronic poverty in Odisha is regional disparities. Spatial disadvantages of the KBK region in terms of remoteness, agriculture-based subsistence economy and depleting income from non timber forest products are major factors contributing to chronic poverty. Backwardness of this region is also due to low level of industrial growth and market development, lower health and educational status along with higher population growth and a large section of its population belong to socially marginalized communities such as Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. This paper attempts to address the key reasons behind persistence of chronic poverty in the undivided “KBK” districts of Odisha with respect to spatial disadvantages, social identity and policy approach.

Fortalecimiento del capital económico del ejido forestal Agostadero de Aguirre, Chihuahua

El ejido Agostadero de Aguirre cuenta con 21,936.68 metros cúbicos rollo total árbol (m3 RTA) del género Pinus distribuidos en 15 anualidades de explotación, sin embargo, se encuentra presente en el mercado de venta de madera rolliza ya que no posee equipo de asierre. El objetivo en el presente estudio es analizar el potencial económico alcanzado por el ejido mediante la adquisición de equipo de transformación y comercialización regional de productos forestales maderables. Se concidera la adquisición de equipos de asierre de bajo rendimiento por un costo total de instalación y puesta en marcha por $ 1,123,495.00 MN bajo un financiamniento del % 70 a una tasa de interes del % 12 anual. En términos financieros se concluye que el proyecto es rentable debido a que cuenta con un VAN de 1,852,120.19, una TIR superior en 49.11 puntos porcentuales a la TREMA establecida del 10 % y una Rel. B/C de 1.29. En cuanto a los indicadores economicos evaluados se determinó un P.E. de 45,943.89 PT producidos y un P.R. de 1.67 años en base a un horizonte de cinco años, sin embargo, es necesario evaluar el mercado potencial mediante la compra de materia prima externa al ejido.

Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Products in Rural Communities’ Livelihoods around Chilimo Forest, West Shewa, Ethiopia

In recent decades there has been growing interest in the contribution of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) for rural people livelihood improvement and poverty alleviation. However, as to the knowledge of the present researcher, limited studies have been done to analyze the role of non-timber forest products for rural livelihood diversification. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify main NTFPs used by local communities around Chilimo Forest. Furthermore, the study aimed to determine socioeconomic factors influencing collection of NTFPs in the study area. Multistage sampling techniques were used for the study. Data for the study was generated through household survey comprising of 313 respondents selected through simple random technique and substantiated by in-depth interviews of key informants, focus group discussion and field observation. Descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis were used to analyze and summarize data. The results revealed that, crop production, animal husbandry, non timber forest product and non-farm activities were the major livelihood strategies in the study area. On average, income from NTFPs accounted for 29.34% of total household income. The commonly collected NTFPs were firewood, charcoal, grasses, herbal medicine and honey. The study found that, households derived a significant portion of their income from the collection of NTFPs; however income derived from the collection of NTFPs significantly influenced with gender, family size and wealth status while age, education, marital status and distance from forest were found to have no significance association with income sourced from NTFPs. This study also revealed that, enrichment planting of the most utilized tree species, participatory forest management and setting of harvesting levels and cycles in Chilimo forest reduce impacts on plant species that are in high demand by local communities. The findings suggest that NTFPs play an important role in supporting livelihoods, and therefore provide an important safety net for households throughout the year particularly during periods of hardship. Therefore the current research would be useful in preparing an ecologically viable policy for the subsistence of forest dwellers and better management of the forest resources in Chilimo forest. Keywords: Chilimo forest, non timber forest product, rural community socio-economic factors DOI : 10.7176/JNSR/9-22-04 Publication date: November 30 th 2019

Identification of Non Timber Forest Product Use of Canarium Nut (Canarium Sp) in Makian Island

Forests as natural resource systems have the potential to provide multipurpose benefits. In addition to timber products, forests can provide benefits in the form of non-timber forest products and the environment. Research results show that timber forest products from forest ecosystems are only 10% while most (90%) of other products are in the form of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) that have not been optimally managed and utilized to improve society welfare. This study aims to identify factors that influence the utilization of canarium nut. The data were performed using survey. The data used in this study came from primary and secondary data. Primary data in this study were collected through direct interviews with respondents. The results showed that out of 150 respondents farmers, 109 people used canarium nut flesh as raw material for chili sauce with a percentage of 72.7%. In addition to processing canarium nut flesh into chili sauce which had the highest percentage, the use as a cooking spice was also not much different, namely as many as 107 people with a percentage of 71.3%. This was because chili sauce and cooking spices were always served every day in complementing the food menu of the Pulau Makian society. Meanwhile, the utilization of canarium nut as raw material for making macron and bagea cakes, they had a lower percentage by 9.4% and 34.0%. This was because the making of macron and bagea took quite a long time and required a lot of additional ingredients.

Research Review on Implementation of Intensive Silviculture Techniques

National timber demand tends to increase, meanwhile natural forest timber production tends to decrease. Aside from the natural growth of the tree tend to be slow, the current forest management were not able to increase the productivity of the timber forest product. In this latest development, Intensive Silviculture Technique (SILIN), is expected play important role in increasing timber productivity. The objective of this research was to review the implementation of SILIN toward sustainable forest management and to develop SILIN database system. Hopefully, the database can be a reference in obtaining information of (SILIN). The summary of each research and study is categorized into some categories: (i) ecology; (ii) silviculture; (iii) genetics; (iv) integrated pest management; and (v) economy. The result of the study showed there are 68 researches and studies of Intensive Silviculture, the category is dominated by silviculture aspect (31 researches), the ecology aspect are 23 researches, the genetics aspect are 2 researches, integrated pest management aspect are 3 researches and economy aspect are 9 researches. The amount of the result likely to increase and the summary of the research and study will periodically upload on our website that can be accessed on kajiansilin.com.

History of economic development and forest land-use in the Fako-Meme forest region of Cameroon

The article is devoted to investigating a number of issues within the forest landscape of the Fako-Meme, south west region of Cameroon. An assessment of the history of economic development and use of forest in the studied territory was carried out. It was observed that the rate at which these forests are been hewn down for various purposes under the pretext of development leaves much to be desired. The deforestation of the forest with the attendant problems of resource degradation, environmental mutation is a cause for alarm. In order to understand the mutations taking place in the forest landscape, the history of forest use in 4 different periods: 1) the pre-colonial era (before the arrival of European explorers), (2) German colonial rule (1884-1916), (3) British colonial rule (1916-1961) and (4) Independence and post Independence Cameroon (1961-present day). It was observed that during the pre-colonial era the forest landscapes were very stable. Forest degradation in the territory started with the introduction of extensive mechanized agriculture introduced by the colonial masters through the opening of large agro-industrial plantations of rubber, palms and bananas. This forest ecological region suffers from a number of challenges. These problems were investigated in detail with proposals made for the sustainable management of forest resources in this forest ecosystem situated in the heart of the humid tropical region of the South West of Cameroon. These forests provide for a wide range of human needs ; medicine, timber , fuel wood, non- timber forest products (NTFPs), food crop production and cash crop cultivation. The pattern of land-use change in the Fako-Meme region was studied in three distinctive periods (1978, 2000 and 2015). The results revealed that anthropogenic activities have been systematically raping the forest landscapes so that the environments are only a skeleton or shadow of their former selves. This is an ecological region in which forest gives way to farmlands and plantations. In this respect, we see that what was a forest landscape in the past is now consisting of a succession of cocoa farms, palm, rubber as well as other economic cash crop plantations, with cocoa being the most important cash crop in the region. Evidence from our analysis reveals that this region has lost 42% of its forest cover within the period 1978-2015. This dynamic can be considered catastrophic. If this trend continues uninterruptedly in the region, then in 60-70 years, the Fako-Meme and the slopes of Mount Cameroon will remain without forest. It is easy to imagine the consequences of this. The study calls for urgent adaptive environmental strategies for the sustainable management of forest and its resources in the region.

Utilization of Non Timber Forest Products by Duyoh Community, Bau District, Sarawak, Malaysia

Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) are natural resources collected from forests apart from timber. The use of NTFPs based on traditional knowledge is widely known among the natives in Borneo including Bidayuh community in Sarawak. An interview was undertaken with the villagers cum vendors at Duyoh Weekend Market along with a brief NTFPs survey at the nearby community forest (CF) recorded 76 NTFPs species belonging to 65 genera from 46 families used by this community. Of these, 64 species or 84.21% were recorded in the nearby forest while 33 species or 43.42% at the village’s Weekend Market. Based on four major uses, more than 68.0% of them were edible or used in food preparation and 27.6% for medicinal purposes. Only 6 species (7.9%) were used for handicrafts, and was considered the least. More than 17% were used for various other purposes including as ornamentals. Among the edible species, majority (54%) were fruits. Most (89.2%) of the edible species were also used for medicinal purposes. Most, if not all, households had collected the NTFPs from the forest, but only close to 20% of the village’s household actually sold these products at the village’s Weekend Market earning an average of RM400 to RM640 per month with higher income during fruiting season (October to December) which can reach RM200 per day. Although majority grew the commonly used plants in their own land, substantial NTFPs (43.4%) sold were collected from the forest. Although this study is very short, at least it gave an idea that NTFPs are being used and its value to the community in terms of income. Thus suggest to have a longer-term study to cover all seasons/periods of the year to understand more on the products being sold and their values. More efforts in conserving the nearby forest is also warranted to ensure a continue supply of NTFPs for sustainable supply for the present and future community use and to supplement their income.

ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHA BUDIDAYA GAHARU, STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN PULANG PISAU PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH (Feasibility Analysis of Gaharu. Case Study at Pulang Pisau District, Central Kalimantan Province)

ABSTRACTGaharu is non timber forest product in the form of the rotted xylem of which yields fragrant resinous material that produced from gaharu trees or tree eaglewood as Aquilaria spp. Gaharu trees are suitable planted at the degraded peat-swamp forest that widely contained at the Central Kalimantan Province. This research was aimed to analyze the feasibility of gaharu planted at the peat-swamp forest in Jabiren Raya sub District, Pulang Pisau District, Central Kalimantan Province. The research was conducted at the gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis) plantation aged 1 to 6 years old. Inoculation of stems and harvesting were done at the moment aged 5 and 6 years old respectively. Data analysis using NPV, BCR, and IRR with the assumption using internl and external fund at the 7.5%, 7.75%, and 12% of rate. Research result showed that gaharu cultivation is feasible with NPV, BCR, and IRR namely IDR 92.51 mill, 1.34, and 0.1686 respectively at the 7.5% of rate. At the rate of 7.75%, NPV, BCR, and IRR namely IDR 89.07 mill, 1.33, and 0.1686 respectively, and at the rate of 12%, NPV, BCR, and IRR namely IDR 40.46 mill, 1.17, and 0.1686 respectively. The value of IRR showed that gaharu cultivation is feasible conducted at the rate under 16.86%.Keywords: external and internal fund, feasibility,gaharu

English

English

Contributions of Selected Non Timber Forest Products to Socio Economic Lives in Oban Hills Forest Reserve, Nigeria

The study appraised the socio-economic contributions of selected Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) to the people in Oban Hills Group Forest Reserve, Nigeria. The research was carried out from November, 2014 to January, 2015. Data were collected through the administration of structured questionnaires to randomly selected household heads in ten (10) communities from the east and west corridors of the Oban Hills Forest Reserve. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics such as tables, means, simple percentages and graphical illustrations. Inferential analysis was conducted using student’s t-test and correlation analysis. Results indicate that 68.90 percent of the respondents were male while 31.10 percent were female with 42.10% being farmers. Also 73.60 percent of the respondents were married and mostly in the age brackets of 31-40 years. Result on correlation revealed that there was significant relationship between occupation and household size (p ≤ 0.05), experience and occupation relate significantly with the income of the respondents at 0.01 and 0.05 level of significant respectively, while marital status relates negatively with household size and experience (p ≤ 0.01). The study revealed that Irvingia gabonensis (Bushmango), Gnetum africana (Afang), Archachatina spp (Snail), and Bushmeat were the major NTFPs harvested from the forest in the study area. On ranking the NTFPs, in relation to income generation and employment, results indicate that Bushmango was the major income generation source, with the highest employment openings in the study area. The people of Oban Hills Group Forest Reserve depend on NTFPs directly and indirectly for income generation and employment, There is need for sustainable harvesting of NTFPs in the study area to enhance their preservation and sustainability in the wild and also proper marketing channels of NTFPs to generate adequate income to improve the living standard of the people in the study area.

KUALITAS KOKON ULAT SUTERA (Bombyx mori L.) RAS CINA, RAS JEPANG, DAN JENIS HIBRID DENGAN PAKAN DAUN MURBEI

Silk worm cocoon is one of the non timber forest product which potential to develop in West Kalimantan. The aim of the research was to evaluate the best cocoon from silk worm consist of Chinese cocoon, Japanese cocoon and Hybrid cocoon with murbei leaf as a food source. The research was conducted in Silviculture laboratory in Forestry Faculty Tanjungpura University. The silk worm was preparation in laboratory condition until got instar III. When the silk worm got instar IV the sample of each silk worm from each types (Chinese, Japanese and Hybrid) with number 100 silk worm was separated for the evaluate on quality of the cocoon. The data of cocoon quality consist of the weight of fresh cocoon, the survival of silk worm, the amount of consumed the murbei leaf, percentage of cocoon skin and the percentage of fail cocoon. The quality of silk worm cocoon was based on SNI Standard from Balai Persuteraan Alam Indonesia. Result of the research showed that from the three type of silk worm cocoon, the silk worm from Chinese cocoon has the average values of percentage of skin cocoon around 22.1067% (included on Class B), cocoon weight was 0.9023 gram (included on Class D), and the percentage of fail cocoon was 22.50% (included on Class D). Meanwhile on silk worm from Japanese cocoon has the average values of percentage of skin cocoon around 18.9223% (included on Class C), cocoon weight was 1.21567 gram (included on Class C), and the percentage of fail cocoon was 5.4348% (included on Class C). Silk worm from Hybrid cocoon has the average values of percentage of skin cocoon around 22.8624% (included on Class B), cocoon weight was 1.3489 gram (included on Class C), and the percentage of fail cocoon was 4.1667% (included on Class C). The temperature for breeding the silk worm was 27-30 The best cocoon quality was achieved from hybrid types. Keywords: Chinese type, cocoon, Hybrid types, Japanese types, murbei, silkworm

Analisis Kebakaran Hutan Dan Lahan Di Provinsi Riau

Riau is one of the provinces in Indonesia that often experience forest and land fires. Forest and land fires cause enormous environmental, economic, and social losses and damages that even cause disruption of political relationship between countries. This study aims to determine the relationship between biophysical, socioeconomic, and policy factors in influencing the occurrence of forest and land fires in Riau Province Based on researh, it is known that there is a correlation between forest and land fires variables in Riau Province to distance from 15 variables, ie peatland, river, road, forest cover, plantation cover, plantation, settlement (built up area), dry land, Timber Forest Product Utilization License, plantation concession, other use areas, protected forest areas, production forests, conversion production forest and limited production forest.

Quantitative Ethobotany of Gnetum africanum Welw. (Gnetaceae) in Massoumboum, Littoral Region of Cameroon

Gnetum africanum Welw. is a plant specie of Central and West Africa, a Non Timber Forest Product (NTFP) with high nutritional, medicinal and economic value. In Cameroon, its leaves are recognized by the forestry administration as a special product. Strong demand combined with destructive harvesting techniques has resulted in its rarity in its distribution area. The objective of this work is to characterize the harvesting and trade of G. africanaum, and to assess its abundance (density and structure) in order to appreciate the economic value of the Lehman agroforest system (ALM) based in Massoumboum, a village located at 30 Km of Douala town, the economical capital of Cameroon. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted among harvesters and sellers of G. africanum in the ALM and in adjacent markets. An inventory of G. africanum stems and leaves was carried out at an overall sampling rate of 9.52%. The study revealed that, harvesting of G. africanum is freely done by women, youngers and elders. They start their activity early in the morning and convey their products to markets located in the periphery and inside the city of Douala. The price of the gramme is too high in the periphery than in the city, averaging 0.58 CFA franc. This price is high in the dry season due to the scarcity of other agricultural vegetables. The inventories conducted revealed densities of 6 191 stems/ha and 119 548 leaves/ha, with the high density of leaves obtained in less perturbed plots. The combination of field data (forest inventories) with those obtained in the markets (trade data), what we call « quantitative ethnobotany », allowed us to appreciate the temporal economic value (EV) of the ALM. This EV ranges from 500 000 - 700 000 CFA franc, for an average value of 37 059.9 CFA franc /ha. If well managed, G. africanum can contribute not only to the economy of the women-harvesters, but also to the economy of the ALM. The glaring development challenge of the background of what precedes is the development of non-detriment findings (NDF) for G. africanum in Cameroon. These consist of setting tools which aims to sustain the resource and trade such as the delimitation of Gnetum Allocation Units (GAU), as well as the development and implementation of simple management plans (SMPs).

Can timber provision from Amazonian production forests be sustainable?

Around 30 Mm3 of sawlogs are extracted annually by selective logging of natural production forests in Amazonia, Earth’s most extensive tropical forest. Decisions concerning the management of these production forests will be of major importance for Amazonian forests’ fate. To date, no regional assessment of selective logging sustainability supports decision-making. Based on data from 3500 ha of forest inventory plots, our modelling results show that the average periodic harvests of 20 m3 ha−1 will not recover by the end of a standard 30 year cutting cycle. Timber recovery within a cutting cycle is enhanced by commercial acceptance of more species and with the adoption of longer cutting cycles and lower logging intensities. Recovery rates are faster in Western Amazonia than on the Guiana Shield. Our simulations suggest that regardless of cutting cycle duration and logging intensities, selectively logged forests are unlikely to meet timber demands over the long term as timber stocks are predicted to steadily decline. There is thus an urgent need to develop an integrated forest resource management policy that combines active management of production forests with the restoration of degraded and secondary forests for timber production. Without better management, reduced timber harvests and continued timber production declines are unavoidable.

Patterns of forest cover change and their association with forest management regimes of forest reserves in the high forest zone of Ghana

ABSTRACTThis paper sought to determine how different forest management regimes influence the pattern of forest degradation at different periods in Ghana. The paper tested the hypotheses that timber production forests degrade faster than protection forests and forest degradation slows down with time. For monitoring the changes in forest cover, Landsat TM, ETM+ and Landsat 8 with a spatial resolution of 30 m were used in the mapping of land use/land cover for the periods 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2014 using supervised classification technique. The results showed that forest degradation occurred at different rates within the period and was more rapid from 1990 to 2000 than from 2000 to 2010. Protected forests and Globally Significant Biodiversity Areas (GSBAs) declined in forest quality at the same rate as timber production forests and did not benefit from any extra protective measures. New strategies should be found to manage protection forests and GSBAs to ensure their optimum protection.

Linking local people's perception of wildlife and conservation to livelihood and poaching alleviation: A case study of the Dja biosphere reserve, Cameroon

This Paper examines how people's livelihoods and perceptions of wildlife are related to self-reported poaching (here defined as commercial bushmeat hunting) in 25 villages at the northern buffer zone of the Dja Biosphere Reserve, East Cameroon. Using a six-point Likert scale questionnaire among 263 households interviewed form March to June 2017, the following hypothesis were tested: (1) Households with positive perceptions of wildlife are less involved in poaching; (2) Positive perceptions of wildlife are linked to sustainable livelihood improvement of households; and (3) Sustainable livelihood improvement of households leads to poaching alleviation. The study area has been the site since 2010 for a community-centered conservation Program that aims to improve local people's livelihoods (through the creation of income sources based on cocoa-based agroforestry and Non Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) Valorization) and their perceptions of wildlife (mainly through awareness raising and wildlife education) and therefore divert them from poaching. The main findings of the study indicates that positive perceptions of wildlife are linked to lower levels of poaching. Similarly, positive perception of wildlife was positively related to Livelihood improvement of the respondents. However, livelihood improvement alone did not predict poaching alleviation though we reported a significant difference in poaching frequencies of cocoa and non-cocoa producers with the firsts less involved in poaching. The findings of this study recommend more holistic approaches of biodiversity conservation that integrate simultaneously perception and livelihood improvement.