Abstract
Silk worm cocoon is one of the non timber forest product which potential to develop in West Kalimantan. The aim of the research was to evaluate the best cocoon from silk worm consist of Chinese cocoon, Japanese cocoon and Hybrid cocoon with murbei leaf as a food source. The research was conducted in Silviculture laboratory in Forestry Faculty Tanjungpura University. The silk worm was preparation in laboratory condition until got instar III. When the silk worm got instar IV the sample of each silk worm from each types (Chinese, Japanese and Hybrid) with number 100 silk worm was separated for the evaluate on quality of the cocoon. The data of cocoon quality consist of the weight of fresh cocoon, the survival of silk worm, the amount of consumed the murbei leaf, percentage of cocoon skin and the percentage of fail cocoon. The quality of silk worm cocoon was based on SNI Standard from Balai Persuteraan Alam Indonesia. Result of the research showed that from the three type of silk worm cocoon, the silk worm from Chinese cocoon has the average values of percentage of skin cocoon around 22.1067% (included on Class B), cocoon weight was 0.9023 gram (included on Class D), and the percentage of fail cocoon was 22.50% (included on Class D). Meanwhile on silk worm from Japanese cocoon has the average values of percentage of skin cocoon around 18.9223% (included on Class C), cocoon weight was 1.21567 gram (included on Class C), and the percentage of fail cocoon was 5.4348% (included on Class C). Silk worm from Hybrid cocoon has the average values of percentage of skin cocoon around 22.8624% (included on Class B), cocoon weight was 1.3489 gram (included on Class C), and the percentage of fail cocoon was 4.1667% (included on Class C). The temperature for breeding the silk worm was 27-30 The best cocoon quality was achieved from hybrid types. Keywords: Chinese type, cocoon, Hybrid types, Japanese types, murbei, silkworm
Highlights
PENDAHULUAN Kalimantan Barat merupakan wilayah yang memiliki luasan hutan yang luas.Seiring berjalannya waktu keberadaan hutannya semakin berkurang karena deforestasi dan konversi lahan
The aim of the research was to evaluate the best cocoon from silk worm consist of Chinese cocoon, Japanese cocoon and Hybrid cocoon with murbei leaf as a food source
Result of the research showed that from the three type of silk worm cocoon, the silk worm from Chinese cocoon has the average values of percentage of skin cocoon around 22.1067%, cocoon weight was 0.9023 gram, and the percentage of fail cocoon was 22.50%
Summary
Rasau Jaya menyusul masuknya investor dari China (Mulyani 2012). Kerjasama tersebut karena lokasi memiliki dua iklim yang sesuai dengan pengelolaan murbei dan ulat sutera sehingga pengelolaan murbei dan ulat sutera tidak bergantung pada musim dan diharapkan kualitas kokon lebih baik dari produksi kokon di Cina.Ada tiga jenis ulat yang dicoba budidayakan di Kalimantan Barat yaitu: Ras Cina, Ras Jepang dan jenis Hibrid yang juga merupakan jenis ulat yang diproduksi atau dikembangkan.Saat ini belum ada penelitian tentang jenis ulat yang lebih unggul potensinya dan sesuai dengan kondisi iklim di Provinsi Kalimantan. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu melakukan pembudidayaan ulat sutera dengan 3 ras yang berbeda yaitu ras China, ras Jepang dan hybriddengan pemberian daun murbei sebagai pakan dan menganalisiskualitas kokon yang dihasilkan. Penelitian dimulai dari penetasan telur sampai larva membentuk kokon.Penelitian menggunakan 3 ras ulat sutera yang berbeda yaitu Ras Cina, Ras Jepang, dan jenis Hibrid. Setiap ras dibudidayakan dengan pemberian pakan daun murbei. Dan melakukan penyeleksian antara kokon jelek, kokon cacat, dan kokon baik.Kualitas kokon ditentukan oleh sifat keturunan dari jenis ulat sutera dan kondisi lingkungan seperti keadaan selama pemeliharaan, pengokonan, dll (Andadari dan Kuntadi 2014). Semua ulat berhasil membentuk kokon, baik pada ulat sutera ras China, ras Jepang dan hybrid.Setiap jenis ulat sutera menghasilkan bentuk kokon yang berbeda.Bentuk kokon dari tiga jenis ulat sutera yang berbedadisajikan pada Gambar 1.
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