The oxidation behavior of Ti6Al4V ELI alloy subjected to surface severe plastic deformation (SSPDed) is compared to its solution annealed (SAed) counterpart in Ar + 20 % O2 atmosphere at 500 °C. Moreover, the corrosion performance of oxidized SAed and SSPDed samples is examined in the Ringer solution. The significantly increased presence of high-diffusivity paths, specifically dislocations and grain boundaries (GBs), on the surface of SSPDed sample facilitates the diffusion of oxygen anions and scale-forming elements toward the oxidation front. The SSPDed sample shows a superior oxidation performance due to the rapid formation of a three-layered oxide scale (consisting of an outer Al-rich, an intermediate Ti-rich, and an inner Al-rich oxide layer) on its surface. In contrast to the SAed sample, the SSPDed displays inner and outer Al-rich oxide layers that are more uniform and virtually continuous. The study proposes a physical model that attributes the improved high temperature oxidation and enhanced corrosion resistance of oxidized SSPDed samples to the latter Al-rich inner oxide layer.