Ti Powder Research Articles

Detailed microstructural and mechanical evaluation of yttria-stabilized zirconia-Ti composite compacts developed using spark plasma and electric discharge sintering processes

In this work, electric discharge sintering (EDS) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) methods are used to fabricate different yttria-stabilized zirconia–titanium (YSZ-Ti) composite compacts. The compacts were prepared using the ball-milled precursors and by varying the YSZ content of the YSZ-Ti composite (0, 1, 3, 5, 10 wt%). Then, the microstructures and mechanical properties of these composite compacts are analyzed in detail and compared. The results indicated that the YSZ contents of the SPS produced composite compacts are agglomerated and dispersed mostly at the Ti particle boundaries, according to the microstructural analyses. In the EDS composite compacts, the YSZ component is uniformly distributed throughout the Ti matrix. As a result, the mechanical properties such as the hardness (from 88 HV to 611 HV), yield strength (366 MPa–922 MPa), and tensile strength (from 743 MPa to 1944 MPa) of the EDS composite compacts are improved significantly. In comparison, as the YSZ content of Ti increased, the mechanical properties of the SPS prepared composite compacts are also enhanced but not as much as those of the EDS processed composite compacts (hardness (from 219 HV to 382 HV), yield strength (321 MPa–502 MPa), and tensile strength (from 692 MPa to 1076 MPa). To summarize, a composite comprising a Ti matrix reinforced with YSZ was efficiently fabricated by EDS rather than by SPS using Ti powder with surface-embedded YSZ. The excellent mechanical properties of the Ti-YSZ composites fabricated by EDS can be ascribed to the uniform and homogeneous distribution of YSZ in the Ti matrix phase. EDS is thus a promising powder metallurgy technique for the production of low-cost isotropic Ti matrix composites reinforced with ceramic particles.

Characterization of microstructure and mechanical properties of titanium -based bioactive ceramics laser-deposited on titanium alloy

Titanium-Based Bioactive Ceramics (TBBC), obtained by laser deposition of Ti and hydroxyapatite (HAp) powders, are the preferred materials for the clinical application of mandibular implants which are beneficial for bone tissue regeneration. So far, the bonding strength of TBBC fabricated by traditional additive manufacturing techniques reported in literature is no more than 35 MPa. Therefore, the main problem that restricts the application of this material on the mandible is the low bonding strength with the matrix. Unfortunately, the effective method to improve the bonding strength of TBBC is rarely mentioned. Under this circumstance, TBBC fabricated on artificial mandible are prone to peeling off during the bite and chew. In order to improve the mechanical properties of materials without losing the biological activity, this paper firstly studied the interaction mechanism between laser beam and Ti-HAp mixed powders. Afterward, two major crack avoidance factors, dilution rate and overlap rate, were analyzed to determine the optimal laser deposition parameters for TBBC. Finally, the mechanical performances were comprehensively studied. Of course, the biological activity of the TBBC was also preliminarily evaluated in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). The results show that the fabricated TBBC have a bonding strength of 177.3–338.6 MPa, at least 5 times higher than the traditional process of 35 MPa. Furthermore, the increase of the maximum mass ratio of HAp powders to 15% will generate the bio-phase of Ca3(PO4)2, which provides a better Ca/P environment with PO43− needed for bone tissue regeneration.

Balancing the strength and ductility of Ti2AlC/TiAl composite with a bioinspired micro-nano laminated architecture

In this work, the Ti, Al and graphene flake powders were used as raw materials, and a Ti2AlC/TiAl composite with the bioinspired micro-nano laminated architecture was successfully fabricated by spark plasma sintering and subsequent heat treatment. The as-fabricated composite mainly consists of the micro-laminated Ti2AlC with the length of 300 μm and thickness of 15 μm, the micro-nano γ-TiAl/α2-Ti3Al lamellar colony with the average lamellar spacing of 0.8 μm, and the nano-laminated Ti2AlC with the thickness of 10 nm. It was found that the composite possesses a good combination of compressive strength (1807 MPa) and ductility (25.5%) at room temperature due to its multiple plastic deformation features: i) dislocations and atomic-scale ripples could be easily nucleated on the (0001) basal plane of the micro-laminated Ti2AlC; ii) the micro-laminated Ti2AlC/TiAl interface could be the nucleation source for the dislocation and deformation twins; iii) high-density deformation twins could be formed in the γ-TiAl phase of γ-TiAl/α2-Ti3Al lamellar colony; iv) the pyramidal dislocation could be generated in the nano-laminated Ti2AlC. The aim of this work is to enrich the current understanding on the deformation behavior of TiAl matrix composites and open up a novel design direction for high-performance TiAl matrix composites.

The mechanical property of different morphology Ti-Ni solder in brazing of BN ceramic and stainless steel

BN ceramic and stainless steel metal had been connected by vacuum brazing technology. The surface morphology and the micro-structure of solder were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The mechanical property of solder was tested by the experiment. The experimental results show that: titanium powder/ Ni powder alloy solder can not form a valid connection due to osteoporosis and porous surface after high temperature heating. Ti powder /Ni foil solder can produce certain effects of connection, but BN ceramic occurs exfoliation in the process of cooling. Because of the affection of impurity elements, eutectic melting temperature of Ti-Ni based solder decreases, and the multiple solder alloy has formed with high density.

Decomposition behavior of yttria-stabilized zirconia and its effect on directed energy deposited Ti-based composite material

• The present study focuses on the rule of YSZ nanoparticles in the refined both α and β grains and increased strength of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4 V (Ti64). • The YSZ nanoparticles decomposed during the deposition process and led to the formation of Y 2 O 3 and some excess oxygen in the Ti64 matrix. • The decrease in the sizes of the prior β grains could be attributed to the increasing amount of dissolved oxygen and yttrium, which promoted constitutional supercooling. • The reduction in the size of the α grains could be ascribed to a shift of the onset of the β → α+β transformation to a higher temperature and shorter time with increasing concentration of dissolved oxygen. • The contributions of the underlying strengthening mechanisms (α grain size, oxygen solid solution, Y 2 O 3 precipitate) for the as-deposited specimens were quantitatively determined. We report on the microstructure and the strengthening mechanisms of additively manufactured parts fabricated by directed energy deposition of Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) powders blended with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanoparticles. These specimens showed refined microstructures as compared to bare as-deposited Ti64, where the α and columnar prior β grain sizes decreased with increasing YSZ content. The YSZ nanoparticles decomposed during the deposition process and led to the formation of yttrium oxide and some excess oxygen in the Ti64 matrix. The decrease in the sizes of the prior β grains could be attributed to the increasing amount of dissolved oxygen and yttrium, which promoted constitutional supercooling. Furthermore, the reduction in the size of the α grains could be ascribed to a shift of the onset of the β → α+β transformation to a higher temperature and shorter time with increasing concentration of dissolved oxygen. Finally, the contributions of the underlying strengthening mechanisms for the as-deposited specimens were quantitatively determined.

TiNi-Based Bi-Metallic Shape-Memory Alloy by Laser-Directed Energy Deposition

In this study, laser-directed energy deposition was applied to build a Ti-rich ternary Ti–Ni–Cu shape-memory alloy onto a TiNi shape-memory alloy substrate to realize the joining of the multifunctional bi-metallic shape-memory alloy structure. The cost-effective Ti, Ni, and Cu elemental powder blend was used for raw materials. Various material characterization approaches were applied to reveal different material properties in two sections. The as-fabricated Ti–Ni–Cu alloy microstructure has the TiNi phase as the matrix with Ti2Ni secondary precipitates. The hardness shows no high values indicating that the major phase is not hard intermetallics. A bonding strength of 569.1 MPa was obtained by tensile testing, and digital image correlation reveals the different tensile responses of the two sections. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to measure the phase-transformation temperatures. The austenite finishing temperature of higher than 80 °C was measured for the Ti–Ni–Cu alloy section. For the TiNi substrate, the austenite finishing temperature was tested to be near 47 °C at the bottom and around 22 °C at the upper substrate region, which is due to the repeated laser scanning that acts as annealing on the substrate. Finally, the multiple shape-memory effect of two shape-memory alloy sides was tested and identified.

Increasing hydrogen sorption by ti2ni powder using mechanochemical alloying

A method has been developed to increase hydrogen sorption by Ti2Ni powder, which consists in mechanochemical alloying by titanium of Ti-Ni powder near the equiatomic composition. This method allows the hydrogen content in the powder material to be increased several times. It is possible to use the developed powder material for the safe storage and transportation of hydrogen in the metal hydride with a high hydrogen content, with reversible adsorption of hydrogen, in comparison with the storage and transportation of hydrogen in compressed and liquid form. The developed method is simple to implement and low-cost; therefore, it is of economic and practical interest. For mechanochemical alloying, a high-intensity planetary ball mill was used, with a drum rotation speed of 1820 rpm and a processing time of 300 seconds. It is shown that, after mechanochemical alloying, the powder Ti-Ni (85 wt%) – Ti (15 wt%) powder consisted of TiNi in two modifications, namely B2 and B19`, and two Ti2Ni phases with different lattice parameters. The existence of two Ti2Ni phases is due to both the inheritance of this phase from the initial Ti-Ni powder (Ti2Ni(I)), and its formation during the interaction of titanium with TiNi (B2, B19`) in the process of mechanochemical alloying (Ti2Ni(II)). The Ti2Ni (II) phase formed by mechanochemical alloying is more prone to interact with hydrogen with the formation of Ti2NiHx hydride than the Ti2Ni (I) phase present in Ti-Ni powder before alloying. The lattice parameter of the Ti2Ni (II) phase increases by 17.6 % during hydrogenation and corresponds to Ti2NiH2.8 hydride; this result exceeds the change in the cell volume of Ti2Ni obtained by other methods.

Joining dissimilar metal of Ti and CoCrMo using directed energy deposition

• The present study focuses on laser cladding of pure titanium on a cocrmo alloy using directed energy deposition. • The excess of laser energy caused chemical inhomogeneity and partially melted powders, while the deficiency laser energy resulted in lack of fusion. • Cladding layers showing dilution rates of more than 5% contained cracks due to the formation of brittle intermetallic phase Co 2 Ti. • Neither crack nor partially melted powder was observed for a powder feed rate of 3 g/min and a laser power of 225–300 W, which comprised pure α-Ti and a uniform coti interface with Co 2 Ti islands. • Crack-free of joining Ti-cocrmo can be explained by thermal and mechanical behaviors of the evolved phases during process. We report laser cladding of pure titanium on a CoCrMo alloy using directed energy deposition. Using electron microscopy, the microstructural evolution upon varying the process parameters, especially laser power and powder feed rate, was investigated in relation to crack formation. Cladding layers showing dilution rates of more than 5% contained cracks due to the formation of the brittle Co 2 Ti intermetallic phase. The observed cracks could be ascribed to a mismatch in thermal expansion and a resulting stress of more than 440 MPa acting on the Co 2 Ti phase, as determined by density functional theory and nanoindentation. Furthermore, an excess laser energy caused chemical inhomogeneity and unmelted Ti powder particles, while a deficient laser energy resulted in a lack of fusion. Neither cracks nor partially melted powders were observed for a powder feed rate of 3 g/min and a laser power of 225–300 W, for which the dilution rate was minimized to less than 5%. For such samples, the cladding layers comprised pure α-Ti and a uniform CoTi interface with Co 2 Ti islands.

The influence of Ti: Si3N4 ratio on the microstructure evolution of Ti–Si3N4 reaction in Cu melts

In this work, through the study of the obtained Cu–Ti–Si–N intermediate products by controlling the reaction degree of Ti and Si3N4 powder in Cu melts at 1250∼1300 °C, the effects of different Ti: Si3N4 mass ratios on the microstructure evolution of Ti–Si3N4 reaction in Cu melts were verified. When the mass ratio of Ti: Si3N4 is higher, such as 3.09:1, TiN will cooperate with Ti5Si3 and depend on each other to nucleate and grow to form TiN/Ti5Si3 composites. The formed TiN are spherical and wetted by Ti5Si3 to uniformly disperse in Cu melts. As a result, the TiN–Ti5Si3 hybrid reinforced Cu matrix composites will be formed. However, when the mass ratio of Ti: Si3N4 is lower, such as 1.37:1, Ti and Si3N4 will firstly react to form TiN and Ti–Si liquid. The formed TiN are irregularly polygonal and connect with each other. The Ti–Si liquid will combine with Cu melts to form Cu–Ti–Si liquid and finally form δCu4Si, ηCu3Si and τ1-CuSiTi phases during the colling stage. In this case, TiN are difficult to be wetted, and the Ti–Si3N4 compact will keep its original shape and not spread in Cu melts.

Synthesis of Ti3SiC2 coatings onto SiC monoliths from molten salts

Coatings with composition close to Ti3SiC2 were obtained on SiC substrates from Ti and Si powders with the molten NaCl method. In this work, the growth of coatings by reaction in the salt between monolithic SiC substrates and titanium powder is obtained between 1000 and 1200 °C. At 1000 °C, a coating of 8 µm thickness is formed in 10 h whereas a thin coating of 0.5 µm has been grown in 2 h. A lack in silicon was first found in the coatings prepared at 1100 and 1200 °C. For these temperatures, the addition of silicon powder in the melt had a favorable effect on the final composition, which is found very close to the composition of Ti3SiC2. The reaction mechanism implies the formation of TiCx layers in direct contact with the SiC substrate and the presence of more or less important quantities of Ti3SiC2 and Ti5Si3Cx in the upper layers.

Mechanical Alloying Integrated with Cold Spray Coating for Fabrication Cu50(Ti50-xNix), x; 10, 20, 30, and 40 at.% Antibiofilm Metallic Glass Coated/SUS304 Sheets.

Antibacterial agents derived from conventional organic compounds have traditionally been employed as a biofilm protective coating for many years. These agents, on the other hand, often include toxic components that are potentially hazardous to humans. Multiple approaches have been investigated over the last two decades, including the use of various metallic and oxide materials, in order to produce a diverse variety of usable coating layers. When it comes to material coating approaches, the cold spray technique, which is a solid-state method that works well with nanopowders, has shown superior performance. Its capacity to produce unique material coating in ways that are not possible with other thermal methods is the primary reason for its importance in contemporary production. The present work has been addressed in part to explore the possibility of employing mechanically alloyed Cu50(Ti50−xNix)x; x = 10, 20, 30, and 40 at.% metallic glass powders, for producing an antibiofilm/SUS304 surface protective coating, using the cold spray approach. In this study, elemental Cu, Ti, and Ni powders were low-energy ball milled for 100 h to fabricate metallic glassy powders with different Ni contents. The as-prepared metallic glassy powders were utilized to coat SUS304 sheets, using the cold spraying process. With high nanohardness values, the as-fabricated coating material, in particular Cu50Ti20Ni30, demonstrated remarkable performance in comparison to other materials in its class. Furthermore, it displayed excellent wear resistance while maintaining a low coefficient of friction, with values ranging from 0.32 to 0.45 in the tested range. E. coli biofilms were formed on 20 mm2 SUS304 sheet coated coupons, which had been injected with 1.5 108 CFU mL−1 of the bacterium. With the use of nanocrystalline Cu-based powders, it is feasible to achieve considerable biofilm inhibition, which is a practical strategy for accomplishing the suppression of biofilm formation.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of in-situ synthesized Ti(N,C) strengthen IN718/1040 steel laminate by directed energy deposition

Directed energy deposition (DED) additive manufacturing technology is used to fabricate (IN718 + Ti)/1040 laminate. It is a promising method to increase the microhardness, adjust the microhardness and improve the mechanical properties of laminates by DED. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectromete (EDS) line scanning and microhardness test are used to characterize the transition zone width. In-situ synthesized ceramic strengthening phase by adding Ti powder to the depositing material improves the microhardness from and tensile strength significantly, which provides a reference for designing and fabricating new high-performance laminates.

The effect of Ti and B4C on the microstructure and properties of the laser clad FeCoCrNiMn based high entropy alloy coating

FeCoCrNiMnTix(B4C)y high entropy alloys (HEAs) coatings were laser cladded on Q355 steel using coaxial powder feeding laser 3D printing system by adjusting the additive ratio of pure Ti powder and B4C powder into the pre-alloyed spherical equi-atomic FeCoCrNiMn powder. Hardness, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) phase composition, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) morphology, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and wear resistance of the HEAs coatings were examined. The FeCoCrNiMnTix HEAs coatings (x = 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) composed of fcc, bcc1 and bcc2 phase, The hardness increased as the Ti adding content increased, which may be attributed to the solution strengthening effect and promoting effect to the formation of bcc1 and bcc2 phase. The addition of B4C induced the formation of compound borides and carbides, and the decreasing of Ti solution in fcc and bcc phases. The phase composition of the FeCoCrNiMnTi0.6(B4C) y coating was mainly fcc, bcc2, borides and carbides. The increase of B4C improved the hardness and bcc2 content in FeCoCrNiMnTi0.6(B4C) y HEAs coating, and the wear resistance increased also to some extent. Among four FeCoCrNiMnTi0.6(B4C)y HEAs coatings (y = 0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6), FeCoCrNiMnTi0.6(B4C)0.4 HEAs coatings had the best wear resistance.

RSA Simulation of Densification Process with Randomly Packed Cu–Ti Powder Particles Under Pulsating Load

RSA Simulation of Densification Process with Randomly Packed Cu–Ti Powder Particles Under Pulsating Load

Microstructure and mechanical properties of WMoTaNbTi refractory high-entropy alloys fabricated by selective electron beam melting

WMoTaNbTi RHEAs formed by SEBM with negative defocus distance were investigated. Four scanning speeds were applied, an electron beam with scanning speed at 2.5 m/s completely fused the premixed WMoTaNb alloyed powder and pure Ti powder. Significant vaporization of Nb and Ti elements happened during the formation of WMoTaNbTi RHEAs, however, the single BCC phase remains stable. Weakened solid-solute strengthening caused by elemental vaporization, dropping percentage of Nb and Ti solutes in the matrix as well as improved ductilizing effects with decreasing scanning speeds leads to falling microhardness and better local ductility. Microhardness of scanning speed at 4.0 m/s, 3.5 m/s, 3.0 m/s and 2.5 m/s is 578 ± 17 HV, 576 ± 12 HV, 573 ± 10 HV and 511 ± 2 HV, respectively. The as-deposited WMoTaNbTi RHEA formed at a scanning speed of 2.5 m/s displays ultimate strength of 1312 MPa.

Microstructure and properties of pressure-less joining of SiCf/SiC composites by Ti–Si alloys

Prepared with pure Ti and Si powders as raw materials, the Ti16Si84 alloy (at. %) was obtained through refining in an intermediate frequency magnetic induction furnace. In this study, a novel method to join SiC fiber-reinforced SiC matrix composites (SiCf/SiC composites) under non-pressurized conditions is proposed using Ti16Si84 alloy foil as the joining material. The joining process was optimized, and the wettability, microscopic morphology, and bonding reaction of the joint were studied, along with the fracture characteristics and the bonding mechanism. Additionally, the corrosion resistance of the joints was examined in pure static water with high-dissolved oxygen (246 ppm) at 360 °C and 18.6 MPa. The results showed that Ti16Si84 alloy has good wettability with SiCf/SiC, enabling it to join SiCf/SiC successfully. The joint was composed of SiC, TiSi2, and Si, and there was no intermediate between them. When the brazing temperature was 1410 °C, the shear strength of the joint reached 42.5 MPa, and the joint integrity was favorable. After the shear test, numerous SiCf/SiC composites were torn by the solder, indicating their advantageous shear properties and high joint strength. After three days of corrosion, the joint samples' weight showed almost no changes. The corrosion depth was less than 20 μm and the residual shear strength of the corroded joined samples was 38.37 MPa, indicating excellent hydrothermal corrosion resistance of the joint material.

Fabrication, microstructure and compressive properties of Ti2AlC/TiAl composite with a bioinspired laminated structure

In the present work, Ti2AlC/TiAl composite with a bioinspired laminated structure was fabricated by an in-situ reactive vacuum hot-pressing sintering using flake powder metallurgy (flake PM) with Ti powders, Al powders and graphene nanosheets (GNSs) as raw materials (atomic ratio of Ti–44Al-2.6C). The phases, microstructure and compressive properties of the composite at room temperature were systematically investigated. The results have showed that the composite mainly consist of laminated Ti2AlC, needle-like Ti2AlC and lamellar γ-TiAl/α2-Ti3Al matrix. The laminated Ti2AlC particles are in-situ synthesized during the sintering process, and the Ti2AlC/TiAl interface is mostly an incoherent interphase boundary. The needle-like Ti2AlC particles are formed due to the different solubility of C in γ-TiAl and α2-Ti3Al during the cooling stage, and are preferentially precipitated from TiAl(111) plane and grown along Ti2AlC(0001) plane. Furthermore, the room-temperature compressive strength and strain of the Ti2AlC/TiAl composite in our work could reach 1477.1 MPa and 16.3%, respectively. The comparisons with other TiAl alloys and TiAl matrix composites have indicated that the Ti2AlC/TiAl composites with a bioinspired laminated structure could maintain a better balance of strength and ductility. The characteristic of fracture morphology is mainly crack arresting, pullout and kinking of the laminated Ti2AlC particles.

Porous boron-doped diamond for efficient electrocatalytic elimination of azo dye Orange G

Boron-doped diamond (BDD) is an ideal material being used for electrocatalytic elimination of environmental organic pollutants, but the commercial BDD electrodes have several limitations such as small electroactive area, slow mass transfer and low pollutants decomposition efficiency. In this paper, porous BDD electrodes with different pore sizes were synthesized by replicating porous Ti (powder metallurgy) with three-dimensional interoperable network structure, controllable aperture and porosity in a hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) system. Various aspects of porous BDD with different pore sizes in terms of physicochemical properties, electrocatalytic reaction kinetics and mass transfer, which had not been previously researched, were systematically discussed. Meanwhile, some fundamental issues such as the enhancement mechanism of reaction kinetics of porous electrodes, the electrocatalytic degradation mechanism and pathways of contaminants on flat and porous BDD electrodes have been thoroughly investigated. Porous BDD electrodes had significantly higher Orange G (OG) electrocatalytic apparent reaction rate constants (up to 5.55 times that with flat BDD) and dramatically lower electrical energy per order (down to 25% that with flat BDD) for pollutant removal due to their increased electroactive area, reduced charge transfer resistance, and enhanced mass transfer. The electroanalysis, hydroxyl radical quenching and intermediates identification revealed the electrocatalytic degradation mechanism and reaction pathways of OG. In general, Porous BDD electrodes combined the properties of BDD and porous Ti, making them a commercially applicable and efficient material with high electroactive area, high electrocatalytic activity, long-term stability and low cost for electrocatalytic elimination of environmental organic pollutants.

High-strength Ti–BN composites with core-shell structured matrix and network-woven structured TiB nanowires

A novel architectural Ti composite composed of network-woven structured TiB nanowires in a core-shell structured Ti matrix was fabricated to improve the strength of Ti matrix composites (TMCs), where the shell consists of rich N solute atoms while the core is deficient of N solute atoms through spark plasma sintering of powder mixtures of Ti powder and BN nano-powder. The phase composition, morphology, element distribution, and mechanical properties of prepared samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), and electronic universal material testing machine. The results indicate that the TMCs with designed architectures have been successfully achieved, and the as-prepared Ti–2BN (wt.%) composite exhibits an ultimate compressive strength of ~1.8 GPa with a strain-to-fracture of ~9%, while the Ti–1BN (wt.%) attains an ultimate compressive strength of ~1.6 GPa and a strain-to-fracture of ~20%. Moreover, the roles of the hybrid reinforcement structures in strengthening the Ti composites were discussed.

TiN porous ceramics with excellent electrochemical properties prepared by freeze-drying and in-situ nitridation reaction

Porous ceramics have attracted extensive attention because of their high porosity, low thermal conductivity, large specific surface area and good corrosion resistance. In this work, TiN porous ceramics with high porosity are successfully prepared via the combination of freeze-drying and in-situ nitridation reaction method using Ti powder and chitosan as raw materials. The influence of the solid content of Ti powder, the concentration of chitosan/acetic acid solution and the nitridation temperature on the morphologies and physical properties of as-prepared TiN porous ceramics are fully investigated. The sample with high porosity of 92.8% and low bulk density of 0.27 g/cm3 can be obtained through optimal parameters (the solid content of Ti powder is 9.6 wt%, the concentration of chitosan/acetic acid solution is 5 wt%, and the nitridation temperature is 1473 K). Particular emphasize is that the as-prepared TiN porous ceramics can be used as sulfur host material for lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). Good rate performance and cycle stability of TiN/S electrodes are achieved by electrochemical performance tests. The initial discharge capacity of TiN/S electrodes is 778 mAh g−1 at 0.5C, and the capacity retention rate is 94% after 200 cycles.