Third Week Of April Research Articles

WAKTU TANAM KAPAS DI SULAWESI SELATAN

<p><strong>Cotton Planting Times in South Sulawesi</strong></p><p>Climatic elements particularly the rainfall strongly influences successful production of rainfed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Planting times determined based on more than 20 years daily rainfall data. The rainfall was analyzed using Markov Chain First Order Probability and dryspell probability methods The rainfall data were collected from 46 rainfall stations over Jeneponto, Soppeng, Wajo, Gowa, Bone. Bulukumba. Bantaeng, and Takalar. The planting times varied from the irst week to the fourth week of December for Jeneponto, Takalar, and mostly Gowa. The planting times in Soppeng and Wajo were ranged from the third week of February to the third week of March. Morever, cotton planting times in Bone and Bulukumba were ranged from the third week of March to the third week of April.</p>

The heterogeneous age-mixing model of estimating the covid cases of different local government units in the National Capital Region, Philippines

ObjectivesThe objective of the study is to investigate the effects of transmission control efforts of the Philippine Government through implementation of Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ) on curtailing the exponential growth of the Corona Virus (Covid-19). Also, this study provides forecast of transmission rate of Covid-19 incorporating the heterogeneous characteristics of the group of population according to age. MethodsThe heterogeneous-mixing model was used to forecast the transmission rate of Covid-19 and effect of Enhanced Community Quarantine in various Local Government Units (LGUs) in the National Capital Region (NCR), Philippines. ResultsThe result of the study revealed that the mobility of people has significant contribution to the transmission rate of Covid-19. The result of the study revealed that the mobilization of workers, who are exempted in ECQ, would greatly affect the transmission of disease to those who are in the senior citizen group. The increase in the confirmed cases of Covid-19 is associated with the transmission from those workers, who are exempted from ECQ to senior citizens and the young age group. LGUs in the NCR, Philippines will experience a different pattern of peak periods ranging from the third week of April to the last week of May. ConclusionsThis study concluded that in order to achieve the containment of the spread of Covid-19 in the Philippines, the government should be stricter in implementation of the ECQ and incorporate the different pattern of transmission of Covid-19 in deciding whether to extend or to lift the ECQ.

The effects of COVID-19 induced lockdown measures on maritime settings of a coastal region

The spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) caused an unprecedented implementation of lockdown measures across world's nations. Veneto Region, located in North-Eastern Adriatic Sea was one of the first maritime regions in Italy and Europe subjected to progressive lockdown restrictions. We systematically analyse the effects of national lockdown policies on maritime settings of the region using Automated Identification System (AIS) data from fishing vessels, passenger ships, tanker and cargo vessels collected through the Aqua Alta Oceanographic Tower (AAOT). We derive consequences on vessel activities during the March–April 2020 lockdown, by using a data-driven, comparative spatio-temporal analysis of vessel trajectories. Results show that compared to the same period of 2017, vessel activity were reduced by 69% during the lockdown, fishing activities reduced by 84% and passenger traffic by 78%. We register a restart of fishing activity in the third week of April 2020. We suggest that the presented conceptual and spatial assessment protocol can guide future research on environmental and socio-economic effects of COVID-19 on marine realms and contribute to further interdisciplinary research with other marine scientific fields.

Mobility and Engagement Following the SARS-Cov-2 Outbreak

We develop a Social Distancing Index (SDI) based on a range of mobility metrics from Safegraph geolocation data, and validate the index with mobility data from Google and Unacast. We construct SDIs at the county, MSA, state and nationwide level, and link these measures to indicators of economic activity. According to our measures, the bulk of social distancing occurred during the week of March 15 and simultaneously across the U.S. At the national peak of social distancing in early April, localities that engaged in 10% more social distancing than average saw an additional 0.6% of their populations claiming unemployment insurance, an additional 2.8 pp reduction in small businesses employment, an additional 2.6 pp increase in small business closures, and an additional 3.2 pp reduction in new-business applications. A gradual and broad-based reduction in social distancing started in the third week of April.

Effect of pharmacological agents on relapse following orthodontic tooth movement.

To investigate and synthesize systematically the evidence from animal studies pertaining to the effect of pharmacological agents on tooth movement relapse following cessation of orthodontic force application. An electronic search was conducted in seven online databases (including gray sources) without restrictions until the third week of April 2019, followed by a hand search in the reference lists of eligible articles. Controlled animal studies investigating the effect of pharmacological agents on tooth movement relapse following orthodontic treatment were selected. Relevant data were extracted from eligible studies and the risk of bias assessment was done using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool. The search identified 2354 records, of which 7 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion in the qualitative synthesis, with the majority presenting an unclear risk of bias. Orthodontic relapse was shown to decrease with the administration of pamidronate disodium, atorvastatin, aspirin, and chemically modified tetracycline-3. Inconsistent effects on relapse were observed after the use of simvastatin. The overall quality of retrieved evidence was assessed as low at best. The available evidence shows that the investigated pharmacological agents may demonstrate variable effects on tooth movement relapse following cessation of orthodontic force. Additional evidence of higher quality is required to draw definitive conclusions on their effects and to make potential recommendations for clinical application.

Six-Country Survey on Covid-19

This paper presents a new data set collected on representative samples across 6 countries: China, South Korea, Japan, Italy, the UK and the four largest states in the US. The information collected relates to work and living situations, income, behavior (such as social-distancing, hand-washing and wearing a face mask), beliefs about the Covid 19 pandemic and exposure to the virus, socio-demographic characteristics and pre-pandemic health characteristics. In each country, the samples are nationally representative along three dimensions: age, gender, and household income, and in the US, it is also representative for race. The data were collected in the third week of April 2020. The data set could be used for multiple purposes, including calibrating certain parameters used in economic and epidemiological models, or for documenting the impact of the crisis on individuals, both in financial and psychological terms, and for understanding the scope for policy intervention by documenting how people have adjusted their behavior as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic and their perceptions regarding the measures implemented in their countries. The data is publicly available.

Comparative Evaluation of Economically Valuable Traits in New Sunflower Hybrids of IOC Selection

Comparative Evaluation of Economically Valuable Traits in New Sunflower Hybrids of IOC Selection

Population dynamics of sucking pests and their natural enemies in okra as influenced by weeds

Field experiments were conducted to study the seasonal incidence of major sucking insect pests of okra viz., leafhopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida, whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, and aphids, Aphis gossypii Glover and their natural enemies viz., coccinellids and spiders of okra at the Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai during rabi and summer seasons of 2015–16. Summer sown okra crop was more susceptible to sucking insect pests with more population of natural enemies than rabi okra crop. In rabi crop, the incidence of leafhopper commenced from third week of November 2015, aphid from third week of December 2015 and there was no whitefly incidence. In summer crop, leafhopper and aphid reached maximum in third week of April 2016, while whitefly during first week of April 2016 itself. Results revealed that leafhopper and whitefly had significant positive relationship with maximum and minimum temperature while sucking pests were negatively correlated with relative humidity and rainfall. Okra crop with partial weeding harboured more sucking insects like leafhopper, whitefly and aphids than the weed free okra plot. In addition, maximum population of natural enemies viz., coccinellids and spiders was found in partially weeded plot.

EVALUASI PENERAPAN AKUNTANSI PIUTANG USAHA PADA USAHA MIKRO, KECIL DAN MENENGAH

This study aims to review the implementation of accounting policies that include account receivables management and its policies as well as internal controls applied in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. The object used in this research is PT. XYZ engaged in advertising services. The research method used in this study using qualitative methods. The study was conducted during the period of April-June 2018. Interviews with the informant were conducted during the second week and third week of April 2018. The selection of informant is based on knowledge capabilities related to the information in this study. The informant in this research is the staff of finance at PT. XYZ. This research concludes that PT. XYZ generally has good accounts receivable management because PT XYZ has a collection procedure of receivable to clients. However, PT. XYZ does not yet have an adequate account receivable management policy because of PT. XYZ does not have good credit standards and credit terms, but the collection policy is quite effective by the company. Furthermore, PT. XYZ, in general, has performed internal control over the accounts receivable fairly well.

Population dynamics of wheat aphids and their natural enemies

The abundance of aphids infesting wheat and their natural enemies was studied at the CSKHPKV, Palampur. The aphids (Rhopalosiphum padi and Sitobion avenae) population commenced from first week of January and reached a peak (30.40 aphids/shoot) during third week of March. Seven species of coccinellid beetles were recorded as predators, of which Coccinella septempunctata, Hippodamia variegata and Coccinella transversalis were predominant. Peak population of their adults (8.10 beetles/m2), grubs and pupae was observed during first week of April. As regards the syrphids, peak in population (13.00 adults/5 sweeps-Episyrphus balteatus, E. viridaureus, Ischiodon scutellaris, Sphaerophoria sp. and Melanostoma spp.) was during third week of April. Lacewing Micromus sp. started appearing from first week of March with its peak being during third week of March. The peak activity of Diaeretiella sp. was observed during first week of April with 16.6% parasitization. These natural enemies showed a significant positive correlation with aphid population, while with weather factors mixed results were observed. The predatory potential of coccinellids evaluated revealed that the adults as well as grubs have potential to suppress aphid population.

Pattern of ocular morbidity in patients attending ophthalmic OPD at tertiary care hospital, Valsad, Gujarat

Background: Vision is the most important special sense in human being. Normal vision is essential for normal physical, mental, psychological development and education. Causes of the preventable blindness are often the result of a combination of factors such as poverty, lack of education and inadequate health-care services. The objectives of the study were to determine the pattern of ocular morbidity in patient attending ophthalmic OPD and to find out the association of most common ocular morbidity with different variables. Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted in ophthalmic department at GMERS medical college, Valsad, Gujarat, India. It is a part of the research activity during internship period in Community Medicine department. All patients who attended ophthalmic OPD in third week of April at this hospital were enlisted in this study with their consent. The patients were seen in ophthalmic OPD by ophthalmologist, proper anterior and posterior segment evaluation was done. Data includes registration number, name, gender, education, locality, occupation, H/o systemic illness, refractive error and the diagnosis. Results: In majority of patients attending ophtahlmic OPD were with occular morbidity specifically refractory error and cataract i.e. 54% and 50% respectively. The prevalence of cataract is significantly lesser in <40 years of age, as it is an age related disease. Second most common occular morbidities observed in our study period was conjunctivitis. Cataract has correlation with age, rural locality and female preponderance. Conclusions: Majority of ocular morbidity were either preventable or treatable. Cataract (65 patients out of 130) being the commonest. If detection is early in the course, prevalence of ocular morbidity can be greatly reduced. The leading causes of ocular morbidity in our study were cataract, a conjunctivitis, and refractive error. A large number of OPD patients were constituted by follow up of cataract surgeries.

Biología y daños de Conotrachelus crataegi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) en tejocote (Crataegus spp.) en México

Conotrachelus crataegi es un curculiónido plaga que barrena los frutos de tejocote en la zona de producciónen Puebla, México. Las hembras ovipositan en frutos pequeños en desarrollo, donde la larva barrena hasta llegar y destruir las semillas. En ausencia de trabajos de investigación sobre biología y daños de este insecto en la región productora de tejocote, se estudió la biología de este barrenador y los daños sobre los frutos. Se realizaron muestreos al follaje, frutos y suelo en tres localidades de la Sierra Nevada de Puebla, México del 30 de abril de 2014 al 27 de mayo de 2015. C. crataegi presentó alto traslape de estados de desarrollo; los huevos se observaron desde la tercera semana de abril, hasta la segunda de julio de 2014, con un período estimado de incubación de tres a cinco días. Las larvas se registraron durante todo el período de muestreo, desde la primera semana de julio de 2014, hasta la última de mayo de 2015. El estado de pupa ocurrió en marzo y abril de 2014, con una duración de 10 a 15 días. Los adultos se observaron de abril a septiembre de 2014; las mayores densidades poblacionales de los adultos se presentaron el 28 de mayo y el 11 de junio de 2014. Los resultados de esta investigación contribuyen al diseño de un programa de manejo sustentable de C. crataegi en México.

A case study of children who do not express themselves

본 연구는 자기표현 안하는 아동에 대한 상담사례 연구이다. 아동에게 매회기 30분씩 총35회의 놀이활동을 통한 상담으로 실시되었다. 총35회의 상담이 진행되었고 종료 후 1회의 추후상담이 있었다. 아동은 주로 게임을 통하여 자신을 표현하고 자신감을 얻었다. 어머니 상담에서는 부부관계에 대한 자세한 내용은 생략했으며 주로 아동과 관련된 부분만 요약 정리하였다. 2016년 11월 첫째 주부터 2017년 4월 셋째 주까지 총6개월 동안 주1회 매주 금요일 진행하였다. 아동이 자기표현의 올바른 방법을 이해하고 익혀서 바람직한 대인관계를 갖고 사회적으로 원만하게 생활할 수 있도록 게임을 통한 놀이상담으로 진행 되었다. 초기상담 과정에서 아동은 무표정하고 나무토막같이 경직되어 보이는 등 감정이 얼어붙은 상태였다. 언어표현이 좋아지게 되면서 집안에서 일어난 일들 이라는 치료게임을 소개하였다. 이 게임을 통하여 아동은 자신의 감정을 언어로 잘 표현 하였다. 게임에서도 승부에 집착하던 모습에서 점차적으로 게임 그 자체를 즐기는 생산적인 모습으로 변화하였다. 종결하는 시점에서 아동은 지능이 높은 것만큼 표현도 조리 있게 잘 하고 있다. 아동이 한참 표현하는 단계에서 자기 조절하는 것이 부족한 채 종결하게 되는 것이 아닌가 하는 우려도 있다. 하지만 엄마가 지금까지 해온 것을 바탕으로 하여 노력을 한다면 잘 극복할 수 있으리라고 믿고 종결한다. 따라서 앞으로는 가족 간에 얼마나 건강하게 잘 화합하며 지낼 수 있는 가가 과제로 남아있다.This study is a case study of counseling for children who do not express themselves. It was conducted with a total of 35 play activities in 30 minutes each time. A total of 35 counseling sessions were held and one counseling session was held at the end of the session. Children mainly express themselves and gain confidence through games. In the mother counseling, the details of the marital relationship were omitted and only the part related to the child was summarized. From the first week of November, 2016 to the third week of April, we conducted a weekly Friday every week for a total of six months. In the initial counseling process, children were asked to express their feelings as if they were expressionless and stiff like a piece of wood, so that they could understand the correct way of self-expression and have a good interpersonal relationship, It was in a frozen state. As the language expression improved, I introduced a treatment game called what happened in the house. Through this game, children expressed their feelings in language well. It gradually changed from a state of being obsessed with the game to a productive state enjoying the game itself. At the end of the term, the child is well represented with as much intelligence as possible. There is also concern that the child may end up lacking self-control at the stage of expression. However, based on what my mother has done so far, I believe that I can overcome my efforts and conclude. In the future, how well the family can stay together in the future remains a challenge.

Lime common (Tilia cordata Mill.) and its invasive phytophage mole-variegated (Phyllonorycter issikii Kumata)

In 2012–2015 in Kiev dangerous invasive species phytophage was marked and defined — mole zygaenidae lime, which has been spreading for recent years in conditions of the Kyiv region and other regions of Ukraine. Mole zygaenidae lime (Phyllonorycter issikii Kumata), Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae Toshio Kumata was described firstly in 1963. A phytophage fed predominantly lime cordata. Butterflies of second and third generations overwinter in cracks in the bark of fodder plants. The first butterflies were by on the colored glue traps in the third week of April with the average daily temperature above + 10°C. It is noted that the extent of damage of lime becomes more aggressive, high and growing over the years. As a result of studies it was found the lime leaves, which marked almost 70% min leaf plate. It was established that in the conditions of Kyiv the stable full development of three generations of phytophage happens. It was proved that the multiplication factor of this type of phytophage during the growing season of plants growing. Yet, as wintering stage mole zygaenidae lime (adults) are quite sensitive to changes in temperature in a city, multiplication factor of the first generation there is very low (within 0.14–0.19). Using the color traps to monitor phytophage showed that the most attractive among the tested colors are red and green. It is proposed continue to conducing a thorough and systematic monitoring of this type of phytophage to prevent the expansion of its range.

Перспективи використання мигдалю звичайного (Amygdalus communis L.) у лісостеповій зоні України

Перспективи використання мигдалю звичайного (Amygdalus communis L.) у лісостеповій зоні України

Resident Greater Yellowlegs on the Eastern Shore of Nova Scotia

Resident Greater Yellowlegs (Tringa melanoleuca) were monitored over a fiveyear period (2010-2014) at four sites within a selected 30 km by 30 km section on the Eastern Shore of Nova Scotia, Canada, to see if the sites are regular annual breeding territories. Three sites were occupied every year, while the fourth was only occupied in one year. There is evidence that adults arrive on site as bonded pairs, arriving as early as the third week of April, which is in advance of the peak in the seasonal continental migration. Brooding and chick rearing through May and early June enable fledgingby the third week of June. Adults leave by about mid-July; juveniles have remained on site until late August. Encroachment by forestry and recreational activities appears to have been accommodated by nesting pairs.

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare P. Mill): Production results in an isolation zone of organic production

The aim of this study was to show the results of the perennial fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mil) production in an isolation zone of organic production. Since this plant species is being used in the pharmaceutical and food industry, its production in an organic farming system has special significance. Isolation zone was founded on an organic demo field soil type carbonate chernozem of the Institute 'Tamis'. During the period 2009 - 2014, phenological observations, observations of the presence of useful entomofauna and the measurements of the fruit and essential oil yields have been performed. The rapid plant growth and the early closure of an interrow space, in the third week of April, are very useful in organic cropping system because luxuriant biomass above ground prevents the growth of weeds in the plantation. Preliminary results point to greater presence of pollinators, predators and parasitoids of harmful insects, which have special significance in organic production system, in more efficient fertilization and encouragement of biocontrol processes. The age of planted fennel and climatic factors influence the yield variations per year. The average fruit yield during the study was 1.40 t ha-1 and oil yield was 73.2 kg ha-1. The lowest fruit and oil yield was in the founding year. In the years that followed, the yields have increased, so that the highest yields were reached in the fourth year, 2.10 t ha-1 of fruit and 147.00 kg ha-1 of oil.

Letter from Montreal

Spring comes late to the city where winter began with a vengeance in November and traces remain evident into the third week of April. As soon as the temperature begins to rise above the freezing po...

Estimation of Wheat/Rice Residue Burning Areas in Major Districts of Haryana, India, Using Remote Sensing Data

Haryana has emerged as an important state for Rice & Wheat production in India contributing significantly in the central pool. Mechanized combine harvesting technologies, which have become common in Rice Wheat System (RWS) in India, leave behind large quantities of straw in the field for open burning of residue. Besides causing pollution, the burning kills the useful micro flora of the soil causing soil degradation. There is no field survey (Girdawari) data available with the Government for the areas where stubble burning is taking place. The present paper describes the methodology and results of wheat and rice residue burning areas for three districts of Haryana namely Kaithal, Kurukshetra and Karnal for the year 2010 using complete enumeration approach of multi-date IRS-P6 AWiFS and LISS-III data. In season ground truth was collected using hand held GPS and used to identify area of burnt wheat/rice residues, associated crops and land features. After geo-referencing the satellite images, district images were masked-out and multi-date image data stacks were created. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of each date was generated and used at the time of classification along with other spectral bands. The non-agricultural classes in the image included: forest, wasteland, water bodies, urban/settlement and permanent vegetation etc. The vector of these non-agriculture classes were extracted from the land use, imported and mask was generated. During the classification non-agriculture area was excluded by using mask of these classes. From this the agricultural area could be separated out. The area was estimated by computing pixels under the classified image mask. In season multi-date AWiFS data along with available single-date LISS-III data between third week of April to last week of May are found to be useful for estimation of wheat residue burning areas estimation. The data between second week of October to last week of November is useful for estimation of rice residue burning areas estimation at district level.

A study of the major insect pest communities associated with Hibiscus syriacus (Columniferae, Malvaceae)

The study on the major insect pests community of Hibiscus syriacus. There were three orders, seven families, and thirteen species of insects harmful to H. syriacus. When the harmful insects eating H. syriacus were classified according to which part of the flower they were eating, insects eating leaves, which considered of nine species four families and one order, accounted for 69.23 %. Insects sucking juice from leaves and stems comprised 15.38 %, with two species two families and two orders, while insects eating seeds comprised 15.38 %, with two species two families and two orders. Aphis gossypii appeared once per H. syriacus from the fourth week of April to the second week of June, appearing the most at a rate of 69.05 per H. syriacus during the first week of May. Dichocrocis surusalis appeared at a rate of 0.05 per H. syriacus during the third week of April and regularly appeared from the first week of July to the second week of September. Nortacha derogata appeared at a rate of 0.1 per tree during the first week of May, after which it continuously appeared until the third week of October. Anomis privata appeared at a rate of 0.05 per tree during the first week of May and continuously occurred from the fourth week of June to the fourth week of October. Its occurrence was most frequent at 2.30 per tree during the third week of September.