Architectural Thinking Research Articles

A Review of Nader Khalili Shelter Design Thoughts from the Sustainability

Contemporary architecture exists in Nader Khalili’s creative designs, including house designs in the USA and Iran, combined with the traditional architecture of Iran. His designs are founded on four characteristics, first is the inspiration from nature, and the other three focuses on low-cost, self-help, and eco-friendliness. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate his architectural thinking and the design process that leads to a rapid and sustainable shelter. In addition, this shelter can be built-in critical conditions or can be long-lasting in any crucial situation. The methodology used in this study is analytical based on qualitative and quantitative approach. The method, which is used to collect the data, is based on literature review and observation. The study concludes that Khalili’s designs are reasonable at low prices and quickly built and sustainable.

Thermal Landscapes: Rahm's Meteorological Architecture

<p>In this paper, we will consider the issue of climate discourse, which is consistently connected with the emergence of the meteorological approach in the theory and practice of contemporary architecture and urban design. Thermal modernity appears as a contemporary space of critical debate that expands the possibilities of architectural thinking, positioning it in a transdisciplinary knowledge framework. The concept of meteorology is the result of research on biological and ecological causes and processes, thermal factors, actions, and interactions to establish a sensory connection of users with space. Therefore, invisible spatial qualities, atmospheres, are recognised as ontologically important elements of spatial experience. The new paradigm opposes visual dominance, formalism, and semiological interpretations, establishing a new way of social and environmental responsibility.</p>

Open 5G campus networks: key drivers for 6G innovations

5G was designed to enable and unify Industrial Internet communication. Emerging 5G campus networks, in particular, provide a flexible communication infrastructure option addressing the specific needs of industry verticals regarding low latency, resilience, security, and operation models. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Edge Computing have paved the way for vendor-independent, customized, and scalable network designs for the past decade. Today, Open Radio Access Network (Open RAN) principles extend this architectural thinking toward an innovative and open 5G end-to-end infrastructure. 5G campus networks, in particular, might benefit from this envisaged openness. One key driver for boosting the global interest in private campus networks was the allocation of a dedicated 5G spectrum in Germany in 2019. In addition to permanent spectrum allocations for static campus network deployments, nomadic ad hoc campus network deployments using novel mechanisms, such as dynamic spectrum access and trading, also emerge. Both network types are enabled by the inherent flexibility of combining or disaggregating the desired open 5G RAN and core components in appropriate network deployments.Building upon years of experience in developing and operating 5G network cores and 5G testbeds, the authors provide an overview of the emerging global campus network market, available spectrum options, use cases for nomadic campus network deployments, and the need for open campus networks and open end-to-end technology testbeds. Utilizing the Fraunhofer FOKUS Open5GCore, the 5G Playground testbed, and the 5G+ Nomadic Node as examples, the paper sketches a blueprint for campus networks for international, applied research and development. Ending with an outlook on the evolution of campus networks, namely the transition toward higher spectrums and the integration of non-terrestrial networks, but also the adoption of more agile software principles and the deeper integration of AI/ML technologies for network control and management, it will become obvious that open campus network innovations will pave the way toward 6G.

The Impact of Contemporary Architectural Thought on the Development of Investments of Local Administrations in Upper Egypt. Vision 2030 and Decent Life Project

The Impact of Contemporary Architectural Thought on the Development of Investments of Local Administrations in Upper Egypt. Vision 2030 and Decent Life Project

Modernism under load: experimental vaults in Cuba after the Revolution (1959–1963)

This article illustrates the shifts in architectural thinking and practice in Cuba immediately after the Revolution in 1959. It specifically traces the interest of the Cuban architects in developing construction methods from local sources and materials. One of these methods was ceiling systems made from ceramic bricks and tiles to make reinforced and unreinforced shells for houses, schools, factories, and recreational facilities. The architect Juan Campos Almanza led research in the Centre for Technical Investigations to design systemised but flexible and scalable vault systems. He and other architects later used these systems in projects across the country. This experimental period involved architects, engineers, and builders working together on accelerating building crafts under the pressure of mass construction and material limitations. The efforts of these groups came to a stop in 1963 when the Ministry of Construction decided to resort to total mechanised construction of concrete panels, alienating all other forms of local and craft-based building techniques. The experimental period of vaults in Cuba, which ended in 1963, highlights how state-sponsored institutions in Cuba played a decisive role in both pushing and suppressing innovative building techniques after the Revolution.

뉴노멀 시대 지역사회 중심 청소년 교육의 가능성에 관한 연구

Objectives Community-centered youth education that develops the ability to solve problems in the local community is of great importance for the youth who must live in the era of the new normal after the pandemic. Therefore, this study intends to reveal how convergence thinking in architecture can play a role in the education of youth in the local community and what its limitations and possibilities are through a review of ‘2021 Jeju Youth Architecture School’. Methods First, a theoretical review was conducted on community-centered youth education and architecture education, which were the theoretical backgrounds for the development of the Jeju Youth Architecture School program. Next, the characteristics of the proposed program (educational subject, curriculum, educational content, etc.) were considered. Finally, the limitations and possibilities of the program were considered through analysis and evaluation of the results of the youth architecture school. Results As the educational goals of the program, ‘sociality’ to understand the social roles and responsibilities of architects, ‘creativity’ to understand how ideas are built into architectural spaces, and ‘locality’ to seek a role as a member of the community were shared. In order to realize the educational goals, the program could be divided into three stages: ‘value sharing, goal setting, suggestion and evaluation’. As a result of the evaluation, the architect's new role (sociality) and creative architectural alternatives (creativity) were highly evaluated for a clear social phenomenon called the corona pandemic. On the other hand, it could be revealed that the results of concerns about the region (locality) due to the rigidity caused by the corona were not relatively well evaluated. Conclusions ‘2021 Jeju Youth Architecture School’ was able to reveal that it has the characteristics of community-centered youth architecture education, such as developing a cooperative system and developing educational goals and programs among various local actors. In addition, it was confirmed that education using local resources can contribute to the discovery and resolution of social problems and the expression of creativity among young people.

Architectural Systemic Approach: The Serpentine Gallery 2005, a Reciprocal Frame Case Study

The application of the systemic approach in architecture aims to promote an integral, holistic view of the architectural design process. The literature reviewed calls for models with systemic behavior, and for these models to be applied in concrete cases. This paper proposes an original approach, using the foundation matrix and the constructive logic matrix. Both matrices are part of a developing model that is being tested on a case study. The work presented here had two objectives: to check this part of the model and gain more knowledge about the model itself. The selected case study, the 2005 Serpentine Gallery Pavilion, is a contemporary ephemeral construction of significant architectural interest. It is a reciprocal frame structure, linked to the construction history. The methodology used was a systemic analysis. In the first phase of the analysis, the reciprocal structures documented historically in the West were reviewed. The other two phases corresponded to the application of the two model matrices. Conceptual diagramming was used in all phases of the process. The results show the importance of the study of historical building solutions. The use of matrices facilitates the identification and understanding of the operations carried out in the design process of the case study. Matrices favor the organization of concepts and relationships from through a systemic approach. Understanding generation operations in an integrated way leads to a type of knowledge (relational knowledge) that allows architecture to be thought about in a holistic way. This makes the systemic view of art and technology as a unit possible, attending to the whole complexity of architectural thinking.

The Impact of Aesthetic and Creative Values on Architectural Thought

The Impact of Aesthetic and Creative Values on Architectural Thought

Influences on Apartment Design: A History of the Spatial Layout of Apartment Buildings in Sydney and Implications for the Future

This paper traces the history of apartment design with an emphasis on spatial layout. It charts the events that have influenced apartment design in Sydney, Australia and provides a framework for understanding how changes in society, the economy, regulations, and architectural paradigms have influenced apartment layouts over time. Through a review of historical and contemporary apartment plan drawings in Sydney, we identify four chronologically distinct eras: layouts reflecting physically separate rooms and a healthier living condition (1900–1935); layouts following function (1935–1961); layouts enhancing interaction between family members (1961–2002); and layouts for independent life and to satisfy minimum regulatory requirements (2002–the present). We then consider these distinct eras in relation to political, economic, and social influences at the time. We propose that prior to 1961, changes in social paradigms and architectural thinking and the development of technologies were the main drivers of apartment layouts. After 1961, changes in the economy, the housing market, and regulations appear to have had more influence. This historical analysis provides insights into factors contributing to current apartment layouts and how different social, economic, and regulatory levers may influence them in future. These insights will be useful to both practitioners and academics in international jurisdictions considering how to encourage improved apartment spatial layouts in future.

Humanizing Unfriendly Buildings and Spaces by Architectural Thought (Case Study: Houses from Jordan)

Western architectural thought ruled and formed architectural practice throughout the last century. It introduced theories that reflected the inconsistencies of human lives and resulted in numerous complications in the built environment. This paper aims to present a view of the fundamentals of Muslim architectural theory, the basics that can control theory and practice in architecture. Thus, it recommends and examines a set of principles that rise from the Muslim thought; these principles highlight the need of fulfilling human needs by architects and designers. This research assumes the following assumptions: 1. Recreating buildings calls for re-forming human life. 2. The unity of social and built environment gives environmental relaxation. 3. Values gained from Islamic principles bring up general rules that can organize practice in architecture. Further, foundations extracted from these fundamentals can regulate architectural work worldwide. Based on humanity in the Muslim thought, this paper aims to develop a new theory to govern the present-day architecture. It concentrates on human parts in architecture. Further, its implementation side explains how buildings fulfill human needs. The research examines twelve human needs taken from Muslim fundamentals. However, the existence of these needs shows how close buildings are to humans. To achieve that goal, this research studied those needs in three Jordanian local houses. Two Jordanian architects designed those houses: Architect Ayman Zuaiter designed Al Tabbaa Villa and Family House and architect Bilal Hammad designed Dajani Villa.

Building from the ground up: Frank Lloyd Wright as an architect of language

F.L. Wright’s written and oral statements are discussed with a view to showing the connection between his principles of “organic” architecture and the rhetorical efficacy of his verbal expression. His calculated, eloquent and dexterous enactment, or performance, of various communication strategies is presented as fully contiguous and consonant with his architectural thinking and substantiation of ideas through action. This makes him an important precursor of postmodern consciousness and praxis.

Theoretical foundation of the construction games use in preschool education establishments

Global digital transformation in the conditions of modern reality makes significant adjustments to evolutionary processes in the education and upbringing system. To prevent and neutralize these complex tasks, strategic approaches have been taken starting next measures at the level of state policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in science and education and the development of a systemic plan for the development of education represented by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan and its structures. The digitalization of the educational space for scientists and specialists poses a large-scale task of a forced approach in order to achieve constructive transformation and global modernization based on civil consent and considering the interests of members of society. The scientific and practical foundations of the use of design games in preschool educational institutions today are one of the key drivers for the introduction and activation of innovative technologies to form the basis of engineering, architectural thinking in the minds of preschoolers and improve the skills of the mental and creative development of children. The impact of the flow of information in education and science in the conditions of digital and communication transformation in the global space in modern society on the cognitive world of preschoolers, the survival of modern children in the era of active informatization, computerization and robotics, the rapid entry of technical achievements into all spheres of human life from preschool age contributes to the development of children’s cognitive interest in technical means and their design, constructive games are of great importance in the formation of analytical intelligence

Jelajah Pemikiran Josef Prijotomo terhadap Arsitektur Nusantara (Tahun 1999-2020): Kajian Sejarah Pemikiran

Title: Exploration on Josef Prijotomo Thinking towards Nusantara Architecture (1999-2020): A History of Thought Studies The Indonesian historical journey in which showing the traces of architectural discourse is still on its way. One of the strong discourses in forming the foundation of thinking is Nusantara Architecture. Nusantara Architecture, as suggested by Prijotomo, is an architecture in which its perspective, concepts, and theories are developed based on Mother Nature. Prijotomo has been working in the formation of this Thinking and it evolves in time. It is important to understand this journey as well as to understand Nusantara Architecture The study of the exploration of Prijotomo’s thinking about Nusantara Architecture (1999-2020) aims to identify the shift of Prijotomo’s way of thinking from Traditional Architecture to Nusantara Architecture, as well as identifying the impacts or implications of Prijotomo’s thinking in the recent era. The study uses a historical research method using documents and oral sources. The document sources used are the original ones including books and articles written by Prijotomo within 1999-2020, while the oral sources are the direct conversation with Prijotomo. Through the exploration, it can be concluded that using Nusantara Architecture thinking, Prijotomo has attempted to make the base thought of Mother Nature equal to Western Architecture (European and American). This study serves as a starter to place Nusantara Architecture as architectural knowledge that is ‘liyan (the other)’ in relation to Western Architecture (European and American). The thoughts in seeking the base foundations for architects of (in) Indonesia are still ongoing. However, the offer and even the basis initiated and proposed in a series of Prijotomo’s deep thinking struggle are crucial and relevant. Emendation and purification by Prijotomo should be used and sustained by the various Architecture stakeholders in Indonesia.

“DREAM MAKERS” IN THE METAVERSE: ARCHITECTURAL THINKING AND TRENDS IN VIRTUAL SPACE

“DREAM MAKERS” IN THE METAVERSE: ARCHITECTURAL THINKING AND TRENDS IN VIRTUAL SPACE Yanxin Wang Student, Belarusian National Academy of Sciences,  Belarus, Minsk   ABSTRACT Based on the changes in the relations

A Gene for Maintaining Sustainable Cultural Specificity of Contemporary Architecture—National Deep-Rooted Nature

Due to the differences in locality, ethnicity, environment and culture, architecture has an obvious and sustainable cultural specificity. Even in the era when modernism swept the world, this specificity still exists, and its sustainability stems from the gene of architectural cultural specificity—the national deep-rooted nature. This paper puts forward the concept of the national deep-rooted nature of architecture with the cultural specificity of contemporary architecture as the starting point. Then, the connotation of cultural specificity and national deep-rooted nature of architecture is explained in detail, and the relationship between contemporary architectural creative thinking and national deep-rooted nature is widely explored and discussed in depth. A theoretical research framework of contemporary architectural creation is constructed in which the national deep-rooted nature is regarded as the main line, and the architectural form, space, aesthetic creation consciousness are regarded as the basis.

Parametric Architecture beyond Form—Klein and Price: Pioneers in Computing the Quality of Life in Housing

This article proposes the investigation of two case studies of 20th century residential architecture that can be considered paradigmatic due to the pioneering use of parametric thinking in architecture. It deals with Alexander Klein’s plan analysis model and Cedric Price’s research on housing through his concept of 24-hour economic living toy. Both cases are analyzed using contemporary parametric tools to digitally reproduce the results of the analog diagrams developed by both architects. The reproduction of the diagrams makes it possible to recognize and make visible the specific parameters that are used in each case, demonstrating an evolution of housing research throughout the two periods. While Klein shows an observation focused on the efficiency of form, Price pursues a recognition of the uses to facilitate the adaptability of the architecture according to optimal usability.

Toward an Architecture of Air and Steam: Climate, Bathing, and Public Health in Victorian Britain

This essay highlights how nineteenth-century epidemic diseases catalyzed environmental thinking in architecture by examining air and vapor bathing technologies and their role in transmitting environmental medical principles into British building culture. Vapor baths were popular medical devices used to fortify a patient’s health by passing hot or cold air charged with steam over the skin, a vital membrane through which impurities were thought to be excreted from the body. This essay discusses vapor bathing’s role in establishing environmental mediation as an underlying principle of modern British architecture. It shows how bathing practices were adapted to deliver localized forms of atmospheric medicine inside buildings, making architectural interiors a key site for the formulation of Victorian ideas of public health. Bathing offers evidence of how the climate-controlled interior emerged out of a confluence of medical ecology, moral demography, and technical innovation.

The Architectural Imagination and the Colonial Tasmanian Homestead

ABSTRACT Colonial homesteads occupy a pivotal place within Australian architectural historiography: claiming country, adapting to the continent’s environmental conditions, and as pastoral and agricultural enterprises generating wealth they were a focus of self-conscious architectural endeavour. Their making was supported by diffuse networks of financial, cultural and social capital comprising the British Empire, which Harriet Edquist has observed can be belied by “popular representations of Australian homesteads as isolated objects within an abstract landscape.” This article presents a reading of Ratho, an early homestead in Tasmania, from the perspective of its occupants and, especially, one daughter, Jane (née Reid) Williams, whose own story points to the complex webs of Empire that informed colonial experience and homestead building. It uses personal letters, diary entries and reminiscences to highlight the incremental design of the homestead in social settings, over water and on land, and to contextualise apparent allusions to originary architectural thinking in the building’s idiosyncratic Grecian colonnade which comprises knotted tree trunks fashioned as Ionic columns. The article explores a mode of architectural history attentive to the lived experiences of a colonial Tasman world.

From invariance to difference: architectural drawing in the digital age between structuralism and post-structuralism

Radical changes in architectural thinking resulted in shifting the role of drawing in the architectural design process. This paper examines the act of reading the architectural drawing in contemporary design practice. Focusing on the field of humanities, this paper aims to define different perspectives of understanding and interpreting the work of drawing. Various positions of contemporary architectural drawing can be traced by following two parallel lines of development, whose theoretical settings are still important and relevant in the present-day. These pathways share their common ground in Ferdinand de Saussure?s setting of linguistic theory from the late nineteenth century. Architects engaged in the academic work, as well as practitioners, showed great interest for philosophy and new philosophical practices, which later contributed in re-examining the architectural discipline and establishing a new theoretical framework. In the 1960s, due to a change in the architectural paradigm caused by the current anthropocentrism and the breakthrough of the humanities into the architectural discipline, architecture articulated its own trends, building on the premises of French philosophers. The rising interest for philosophers who based their doctrines on the development of linguistic theory generated two overriding methodological directions - structuralism, with a focus on the idea of establishing universal internal structures as cultural foundations, and poststructuralism - as its critique, which shifts focus to radical articulation of the specificity of individual elements. Considering the terms invariance and difference as the basic concepts, the subject of analysis of this paper is an architectural drawing which in the contemporary architectural education as the most meritorious field of research in architectural design, occupies different forms and enjoys manifold interpretations in different contexts.

Ética del discurso y conocimiento práctico. Estructuras estables para el razonamiento práctico

In the face of the criticism raised against Habermas distinction between morality and ethics and its universalist foundation of morality, it is argued that the priority of moral objectives results constitutively out of the normative reflection structure of the thinking subject, on which depend both the life objectives and corresponding social order in the specific contexts, as well as the personal ones; expanding, thus, the frame of the structurally constitutive in practical reflection. Additionally, the persistence of the Kantian moral thinking in the foundational architecture of ED is reconsidered.