Thiazole Derivatives Research Articles

Polar Thiazole Derivative-Induced Second Harmonic Response in Hybrid Bismuth Chlorate with Reversible Photochromism.

Inorganic-organic hybrid bismuth halides demonstrate great prospect in the field of second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals because the ns2 electron on Bi(III) could lead to large molecular polarization and high second harmonic generation (SHG) coefficient on a noncentrosymmetric structure. However, researchers cannot yet control the effective arrangements of the bismuth halide functional motif, which results in SHG-active hybrid bismuth halides being rare. Herein, thiazole derivatives with a polar donor-π-acceptor system are designed to explore hybrid bismuth halide NLO crystals. The protonated 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) thiazole (denoted as hpt) interacts with the (BiCl6) motif via H···Cl hydrogen bonds to prevent antiparallel arrangements, which therefore enhance the NLO property. (Hhpt)3[BiCl6] crystallizes in the monoclinic polar P21 space group, which exhibits a strong SHG response and reversible photochromic behavior. Structural analysis and theory calculations reveal that the synergistic effect between the polar thiazole derivative and the distorted inorganic [BiCl6]3- motif is responsible for the SHG response. This is the first report of polar thiazole derivative-induced SHG-active hybrid bismuth halide coupled with reversible photochromism.

Discovery of novel thiophene [2,3-D] pyrimidine–thiazole derivative as promising MNK inhibitor to treat breast cancer

Mitogen-activated protein kinase–interacting kinases (MNKs) play a key role in the occurrence and migration of tumors and have become promising targets for tumor therapy. Nevertheless, the development progress on the MNKs inhibitors against cancer was relatively slow. In this study, compound 4s (MNK1/2 half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 987/1048 nM), a promising MNKs inhibitor was discovered based on virtual screening. After the structural optimization of compound 4s, 18 novel thiophene [2,3-D] pyrimidine–thiazole derivatives were designed and prepared, and their inhibitory effect on MNKs was determined. Among which, compound 5l exhibited the best inhibitory activity on MNKs (MNK1/2 IC50 = 23/62 nM) and relatively high selectivity among 125 kinases. Results from in vitro experiments indicated that compound 5l could significantly inhibit the in vitro proliferation (IC50 = 0.8 ± 0.1 μM) and migration of breast cancer cells, which demonstrated that compound 5l is a promising MNK inhibitor to treat breast cancer and need further study.

Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Anticancer Screening of Ester-Based Thiazole Derivatives.

This study investigates the potential of five compounds as novel anticancer agents. We examined their efficacy, mechanisms of action, and impact on various cancer cell lines, through a comprehensive set of experiments. Notably, compound 3e demonstrated superior activity compared to the positive control cisplatin, with a GI50 value of 6.3±0.7 μM against the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Compound 3b also displayed remarkable growth inhibition, yielding GI50 values of 8.7±0.2 μM (MCF-7) and 8.9±0.5 μM against the colon cancer cell line (HCT-116). Cell count experiments further confirmed the potent inhibitory effects of compounds 3e, 3b, and 3c on MCF-7 and HCT-116 cell growth. Compound 3e demonstrated a reduction of 55-60 % at GI50 and complete inhibition (100 %) at 2x GI50. Compound 3b exhibited 50-55 % reduction (GI50) and 90-95 % inhibition (2x GI50) in HCT-116 cells. Compound 3c displayed 75-80 % inhibition (2x GI50) and 35-40 % inhibition (GI50) in HCT-116 cells. In-depth mechanistic investigations unveiled valuable insights into the mode of action of compound 3e. The cell-cycle assay demonstrated G2/M phase arrest, DNA damage, and caspase-mediated apoptosis in both MCF-7 and HCT-116 cells. Caspase activation indicated a significant increase in apoptosis following exposure to compound 3e. Furthermore, compound 3e induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, influencing HCT-116 and MCF-7 cells differently. Elevated ROS production in HCT-116 cells and distinct effects in MCF-7 cells contribute to a deeper understanding of the cytotoxic mechanisms of compound 3e. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of the investigated compounds, particularly compound 3e, as effective inducers of apoptosis in cancer cells. Mechanistic insights into cell cycle arrest, caspase-mediated apoptosis, and ROS modulation provide a comprehensive understanding of their cytotoxic effects. This study offers significant contribution to the development of promising anticancer agents and their therapeutic applications.

Synthesis, characterization, density functional theory (DFT) analysis, and mesomorphic study of new thiazole derivatives

This study focuses on synthesizing and characterizing a new series of organic compounds with a heterocyclic core based on sulfur (thiazole). These compounds, labeled as N-(4-(4-alkoxyphenyl) thiazol-2-yl)-1-(naphthalen-2-yl) methanimine (ATNM)n, incorporate alkoxy chains of varying lengths (CnH2n+1O, n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 12) through a multi-step process. Structural analysis using FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR confirmed the composition of these compounds. Theoretical calculations using density functional theory (DFT) were carried out with the B3LYP 6-311G (d,p) basis set for the entire set of synthesized compounds (ATNM)n. The (Gaussian 9) software was employed to compute optimized geometrical structures of the proposed compounds in the gas phase. However, investigations into their phase behavior using polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that none of the compounds in this series exhibited the typical mesomorphic characteristics of liquid crystals. Comparisons were made between theoretical predictions from DFT and observed data obtained through synthesized compounds study. The results revealed that the presence of terminal alkoxy significantly influenced the overall energy of potential geometric structures, along with their physical and thermal characteristics. KEY WORDS: Heterocyclic compounds, Thiazole, Liquid crystals, DFT, Methanimine Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(6), 1827-1842. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i6.25

Design, Synthesis and In-Vitro Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity Screening of 5-Carboxamide Substituted 3, 4-Dihydropyrimidine-2 (1H) Ones

This paper describes the synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of new compounds designated as 5(a-h) and 8(a-f). These compounds were synthesized by the reaction of thiazole derivative (3) or thiadiazole derivative (7) with urea and various aromatic aldehydes 4(a-h) in ethanol. The structures of the synthesized compounds were checked by IR,1H,13C NMR, and Mass spectroscopy. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the compounds were evaluated against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), and Candida albicans (fungus) using agar well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration methods. The cytotoxic activities of these compounds against HT-29 and A-549 cancer cell lines were assessed in vitro by the MTT method. Our studies showed compounds 8c and 8f to have the most expressed antibacterial activity against S. aureus, while compounds 8c and 8d were the most potent against E. coli. Compounds 5h and 8e showed the highest antifungal activity against C. albicans, and compound 5f showed the most potent activity against the tested cancer cell lines.

Synthesis of novel thiazole derivatives containing 3-methylthiophene carbaldehyde as potent anti α-glucosidase agents: In vitro evaluation, molecular docking, dynamics, MM-GBSA, and DFT studies

Thiazole derivatives bearing thiophene carbaldehyde have been successfully prepared by refluxing 3-methylthiophene carbaldehyde with thiosemicarbazide in absolute ethanol followed by treating the obtained product with different phenacyl bromide to get thiazole products in better yields. These derivatives were confirmed using 1H-, 13C NMR, and EI-MS spectrometry techniques and finally subjected for their α-glucosidase inhibitory potential. Two compounds in the series including 2 g (IC50 = 9.00 ± 0.57 µM) and 2b (IC50 = 13.50 ± 0.20 µM) were found as the most potent α-glucosidase inhibitors better than the standard acarbose. Furthermore, the remaining five compounds attributed significantly to less activity. The studied molecules were calculated on the 6–31++g(d,p) basis set at B3LYP, HF, M062X levels with the help of the Gaussian package program, and their chemical activities were compared. Following that, the molecules' interactions with different α-glucosidase proteins (PDB IDs: 1R47 and 1UAS) were investigated, and their activities were contrasted. The binding free energy of the molecule with the best docking score is computed using MM/GBSA techniques. The comparative molecular dynamics simulations of the 2g-1UAS and 2g-1R47 complexes highlight the intricate balance of forces that govern biomolecular interactions. The findings suggest that while the 2g-1UAS complex forms more stable interactions, as indicated by lower RMSD values, the 2g-1R47 complex maintains its structural integrity through strong hydrogen bonds. Overall, the equilibrium conformations achieved by both complexes suggest they are well-suited for their roles in physiological environments.

Synthesis, anticancer activity, molecular docking, ADMET analysis and dynamic simulations of a novel series of thiazole derivatives based on furan-2-carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazone

The study presents construct of newly thiazole derivatives analogues over a multicomponent reaction connecting Furan-2-carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazone. The synthesized compounds were described by spectroscopic studies (FT-IR, ESI-MS and NMR). All new compounds were estimated for their cytotoxicity inverse breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB231). The new pyrazole derivatives 16c, 8a, and 9c compounds most effective to (MDA-MB231) cells. Compound 16c is predicted to have promising oral absorption, good drug-likeness and low toxicity risks. Also, MD simulations revealed stable complexes of 16c with EGFR, Estrogen Receptor, and HER2 with RMSD (0.20–0.35, 0.30–0.45, and 0.30–0.40 nm), RMSF (0.10–0.40, 0.10–0.40, and 0.10–0.45 nm), SASA (140–150, 120–130, and 140–150nm2) and Rg (1.95–2.00, 1.80–1.90, and 2.00–2.10 nm). These findings provide further support for the potential of these compounds in ongoing drug development endeavors.

Synthesis of Novel 2-Amino Thiazole Derivatives and Salicyaldehyde based Ligand to have Biological Activity

In inorganic chemistry, Schiff bases and complexes come in a variety of forms. Therefore, the discovery of new organic and inorganic compounds with remarkable anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, and anticancer characteristics represents a major advancement in biochemistry, pharmacy, and medicine. All of the chemicals that were employed in this study were A.R. grade. The following materials provided by SD's fine chemical Ltd. and Merck chemicals, Mumbai were utilised impurification: methanol, calcium hydroxide, sodium acetate, thiourea, ethylacetoacetate, benzoyl chloride, acetyl chloride, 1,4-dioxane, and sulfuric acid. Additionally, this Schiff base may combine with the ions of several transition metals, such as Ni(II), Cu(II), Co(II), and Cd(II), to create complexes. In addition to chemical analysis, conductivity, and magnetic tests, we further characterized the complexes using electronic and infrared spectroscopy in order to examine their structures. Every compound's antibacterial activity was evaluated. In the agar cup test method, all of the Schiff base metal complexes had a moderate level of antibacterial activity. Spectroscopic data suggests that these complexes are all of type ML2.(H2O)2 (M=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu).

Changes in bioenergetic characteristics of the murine lymphoma cells under the action of a thiazole derivative in complex with polymeric nanoparticles

Background. Mitochondria can influence cancer cells both indirectly via reactive oxygen species mediation and directly through mitochondrial biogenesis. Energy production in mitochondria is crucial as it facilitates the synthesis of essential molecules needed for cellular biosynthesis, growth, and proliferation. The development of new anticancer drugs that target the energy metabolism of tumor cells shows promise in cancer treatment. Our study aimed to investigate how the thiazole derivative N-(5-benzyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide (BF1), the polymeric nanoparticles based on the polyethylene glycol (PEG-PN, Th5), and their complex with BF1 (Th6) affect respiration and mitochondrial membrane potential in murine NK/Ly tumor cells. Materials and Methods. The study was performed on white wild-type male mice with grafted NK/Ly lymphoma. The test substances were added to the cell suspension at a final concentration of 10 μM and incubated for 15 min at 37 °C. Oxygen uptake rates in NK/Ly cells were measured using a polarographic method with Clark electrode. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were assessed using the tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester fluorescence dye. The fluorescence intensity was evaluated using the ImageJ computer program. Results. After incubating NK/Ly cells with BF1 (10 µM), Th5, or the BF1 + PEG-PN complex (Th6) for 15 min, no changes were observed in glucose-fueled basal respiration. However, the Th6 complex significantly activated FCCP-stimulated respiratory processes in NK/Ly lymphoma cells. Fluorescent microscopy data indicated that BF1 or Th5 alone did not affect mitochondrial membrane potential values. However, the Th6 complex significantly decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, suggesting a reduction in NK/Ly cell viability. Conclusions The investigated complex of thiazole derivative BF1 with PEG-based polymeric nanoparticles may realize its cytotoxic effect by depolarization of mitochondrial membrane in NK/Ly lymphoma cells.

Synthesis and Molecular Docking Study of Some New Thiazole-coumarin Molecular Hybrids as Antibacterial Agents.

The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and multidrug-resistant diseases, both of which are associated with high mortality, has posed a serious global health issue. Thiazoles and coumarins were reported as antimicrobial agents. This research paper aims to describe the synthesis of some novel thiazole derivatives bear-ing a coumarin residue as antibacterial agents Methods: The thiazole - coumarin hybrids were synthesized starting from the condensation of 3-acetyl coumarin (1) hydrazine carbothioamide (2) or thisemicarbazide then reacting the resulting products with different p-substituted phenacyl bromides (4a-e), hydrazonoyl chlorides (8a-e), and (11). In vitro antibacterial activity was studied in this work. In addition, molecular docking studies for the new compounds have also been carried out to investigate the binding mode of actions against the target DNA gyrase B. Some of the newly synthesized compounds such as compounds 10b, 7, and 6b showed pronounced activities against Gram (+ve) and Gram (-ve) bacteria compared to a reference antibacterial agent. Compounds 10b, 7, and 6b exhibited the best binding affinity against the target. We could obtain a series of precious hitherto unknown thiazole derivatives with varied antibacterial activities from cheap laboratory-available starting material following rather simple environmentally friendly techniques avoiding the use of hazardous or heavy metal-containing catalysts.

Rational design, synthesis and biological evaluation 1,2,3-triazole aryl attached (4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)thiazole derivatives as anticancer agents

A new library of 1,2,3-triazole aryl-attached (4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) thiazoles (11a–j) has been designed and synthesized and its structures were characterized by 1H NMR 13C NMR and mass spectral data. Further, these derivatives (11a-j) were evaluated for their anticancer activity against four human cancer cell lines, including PC3 (prostate cancer), A549 (lung cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and A2780 (ovarian cancer) by employing the MTT method, and the obtained results were compared with etoposide. Among all the examined compounds, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11i and 11j displayed the most promising activity. Particularly, two compounds 11a and 11b possessed good activity.

Functionalized Morpholine-thiazole Scaffold: Synthetic Strategies and Applications.

The thiazole derivatives as important members of heterocyclic compounds have attracted much synthetic interest due to their different biological properties. In recent years, studies on the synthesis of morpholine compounds have increased because of the properties of this core. In particular, the hybrid structures in which the thiazole ring is linked to morpholine nuclei in one molecular frame have gained popularity. The presented review is an attempt to summarize a huge volume of data on morpholinothiazoles being a widely studied class of these molecules used in modern organic and medicinal chemistry. The manuscript covers the approaches to the synthesis of the morpholinothiazoles derivatives. The synthetic strategies of the target compounds depend on one-pot or multistage reactions or the transformation of other related heterocycles. Additionally, we covered the biological activities and other applications of certain morpholinothiazoles. The information on these compounds made special consideration of medicinal chemists to yield a combinatorial library and carry out thorough efforts in the search of morpholinothiazoles.

Utilization of 2-cyano-N-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) acetamide for the synthesis of thiazole, pyrazole and pyridene derivatives with a biological evaluation

Utilization of 2-cyano-N-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) acetamide for the synthesis of thiazole, pyrazole and pyridene derivatives with a biological evaluation

A Review on Synthetic Thiazole Derivatives as an Antimalarial Agent.

Thiazole is a widely studied core structure in heterocyclic chemistry and has proven to be a valuable scaffold in medicinal chemistry. The presence of thiazole in both naturally occurring and synthetic pharmacologically active compounds demonstrates the adaptability of these derivatives. The current study attempted to review and compile the contributions of numerous researchers over the last 20 years to the medicinal importance of these scaffolds, with a primary focus on antimalarial activity. The review is based on an extensive search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, and other renowned journal sites for a thorough literature survey involving various research and review articles. A comprehensive review of the antimalarial activity of the thiazole scaffold revealed potential therapeutic targets in Plasmodium species. Furthermore, the correlation of structure-activity-relationship (SAR) studies from various articles suggests that the thiazole ring has therapeutic potential. This article intends to point researchers in the right direction for developing potential thiazole-based compounds as antimalarial agents in the future.

Synthesis of New Thiazole-Privileged Chalcones as Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors with Potential Anticancer Activities.

A series of novel thiazole-based chalcones were evaluated for their anticancer activity as potential tubulin polymerization inhibitors. In vitro anticancer screening for the thiazole derivatives 2a-2p exhibited broad-spectrum antitumor activity against various cancer cell lines particularly Ovar-3 and MDA-MB-468 cells with a GI50 range from 1.55 to 2.95 μΜ, respectively. Compound 2e demonstrated significant inhibition of tubulin polymerization, with an IC50 value of 7.78 μM compared to Combretastatin-A4 (CA-4), with an IC50 value of 4.93 μM. Molecular docking studies of compounds 2e, 2g, and 2h into tubulin further supported these findings, revealing that they bind effectively to the colchicine binding site, mirroring key interactions exhibited by CA-4. Computational predictions suggested favorable oral bioavailability and drug-likeness for these compounds, highlighting their potential for further development as chemotherapeutic agents.

Discovery of novel thiazole derivatives containing pyrazole scaffold as PPAR-γ Agonists, α-Glucosidase, α-Amylase and COX-2 inhibitors; Design, synthesis and in silico study

A novel series of thiazole derivatives with pyrazole scaffold 16a-l as hybrid rosiglitazone/celecoxib analogs was designed, synthesized and tested for its PPAR-γ activation, α-glucosidase, α-amylase and COX-2 inhibitory activities. Regarding the anti-diabetic activity, all compounds were assessed in vitro against PPAR-γ activation, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition in addition to in vivo hypoglycemic activity (one day and 15 days studies). Compounds 16b, 16c, 16e and 16 k showed good PPAR-γ activation (activation % ≈ 72–79 %) compared to that of the reference drug rosiglitazone (74 %). In addition, the same derivatives 16b, 16c, 16e and 16 k showed the highest inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase (IC50 = 0.158, 0.314, 0.305, 0.128 μM, respectively) and against α-amylase (IC50 = 32.46, 23.21, 7.74, 35.85 μM, respectively) compared to the reference drug acarbose (IC50 = 0.161 and 31.46 μM for α-glucosidase and α-amylase, respectively). The most active derivatives 16b, 16c, 16e and 16 k also revealed good in vivo hypoglycemic effect comparable to that of rosiglitazone. In addition, compounds 16b and 16c had the best COX-2 selectivity index (S.I. = 18.7, 31.7, respectively) compared to celecoxib (S.I. = 10.3). In vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the target derivatives 16b, 16c, 16e and 16 k supported the results of in vitro screening as the derivatives 16b and 16c (ED50 = 8.2 and 24 mg/kg, respectively) were more potent than celecoxib (ED50 = 30 mg/kg). In silico docking, ADME, toxicity, and molecular dynamic studies were carried out to explain the interactions of the most active anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory compounds 16b, 16c, 16e and 16 k with the target enzymes in addition to their physiochemical parameters.

Synthesis of various dihydro‐thiazole and selenazole heterocycles

We prepared numerous thiazole derivatives from push‐pull alkenes such as nitroenamines, enaminoester, and enaminonitrils in a two‐step reaction with thiocyanate ion. The first step was the formation of the thiocyanate‐substituted push‐pull alkene from an iodine‐containing intermediary. We demonstrated this sequence through the preparation and identification of the iodine‐substituted enamines. In the second step, thiazole ring closure took place in methanol, at room temperature. The imino group of the condensed thiazole ring systems was successfully acylated. The same reaction sequence with potassium selenocyanate resulted in two selenocyanate and a selenazole heterocyclic derivatives. The mechanism of the reaction with thiocyanate ion and the heterocycle formation was investigated by computational methods. We performed quantum chemical calculations, involving both the thermodynamic and the kinetic aspects of the ring closure reaction.

Synthesis, in vitro-antimicrobial investigation, molecular docking, and DFT studies of novel bis-thiazole derivatives

Two series of bis-thiazole derivatives (7a–f and 9a–j) were synthesized efficiently via two steps. First, the condensation of 3,3’-(alkane-diylbis(oxy)) dibenzaldehyde (3a,b) with hydrazinecarbothioamide (4) affording 2,2’-(((alkane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))bis(3,1-phenylene))bis(methaneylylidene))bis(hydrazine-1-carbothioamide) (5a,b). The formed 5a,b were then mixed with 2-bromo-1-arylethan-1-one 6a–c affording the corresponding thiazole derivatives 7a–f. Similarly, bis-thiazole derivatives 9a–j were synthesized through heating bis(hydrazine-1-carbothioamides) 5a,b with 2-oxo-N-arylpropanehydrazonoyl chloride 8a–i. Afterwards the synthesized bis-thiazoles 7a–f and 9a–j were evaluated for their in vitro-antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. Among the tested candidates, compounds 7a, 7c, and 7d exhibited the highest antibacterial activity. Furthermore, a docking analysis showed that the most promising biologically active candidates under investigation are joined to the same amino acid (acids) as references supporting the biological activity of the tested compounds toward both gram-positive bacteria-protein and gram-negative bacteria-protein. DFT calculations were carried out to gain a better understanding of the target bis-thiazole-structures and their assembly mechanism.

Ionic Liquids Immobilized Synthesis of New Xanthenes Derivatives and their Antiproliferative, Molecular Docking, and Morphological Studies.

Xanthenes and benzoxanthenesare are highly valuable compounds in organic chemistry and medicinal chemistry. Xanthene derivatives were found to have many applications in medicinal chemistry. This work aims to explore the synthesis of xanthene derivatives with various substituents and find the possibility of their uses as anticancer agents. The basic starting compound through this work was the 2,3-dihydro-1H-xanthen-1-one (3), which was synthesized from the reaction of cyclohexan-1,3-dione and 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Compound 3 was used to synthesize new thiophene, pyrimidine, isoxazole, and thiazole derivatives based on the xanthenes nucleus. Fused xanthene derivatives were obtained through further heterocyclization reactions. Multicomponent reactions expressed in this work were carried out in the presence of solvent catalyzed by Et3N and in solvent-free ionic liquid immobilized catalyst. Cytotoxicity for the newly synthesized compounds toward cancer cell lines was measured, and the results revealed that many compounds exhibited high inhibitions. The antiproliferative activity of the synthesized compounds was studied on six selected cancer cell lines. The nature of the heterocyclic ring and the variations of substituted groups showed a high effect through the inhibitions of the tested compound.

Anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant potential of new biologically active thiazole-derivatives: Experimental and molecular docking studies

In this study, we synthesised and characterised a series of thiazole derivatives (compounds 3a–j) and assessed their potential for anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant activities. The anti-diabetic potential of the compounds was assessed by measuring their inhibition of key enzymes involved in blood glucose regulation. Compound 3i demonstrated the highest α-Amylase inhibition activity (IC50 value: 18.68 µg/mL), while compounds 3i and 3c exhibited significant α-Glucosidase inhibition (IC50 values: 20.25 and 22.63 µg/mL respectively), even surpassing the control drug, Acarbose (IC50 value: 33.77 µg/mL). Interestingly, most of the compounds displayed favourable dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) inhibition and DPPH scavenging ability, with compound 3i showing the highest DPP IV inhibition ability (IC50 value: 23.81 µg/mL) and most robust anti-oxidant potential (IC50 value: 2.50 µg/mL). Additionally, anti-bacterial studies against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli revealed compounds 3i and 3c as effective inhibitors of bacterial growth. The MICs (4, 16, 16, and 32 µg/mL) and MBCs (4, 32, 32, and 16 µg/mL) respectively of the compounds supported their potential application in controlling and preventing bacterial growth. These results provide valuable insights into the multifunctional properties of the new thiazole derivatives and their potential in managing diabetes, combating bacterial infections, and serving as anti-oxidants.