Thermoplastic Binder Research Articles

Fluorine-Free Binder-Based Dry Thick Electrodes Toward Sustainable and Efficient Libs

Dry electrodes are rigorously developed for sustainable and efficient battery manufacturing. Currently, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binders dominate dry processes, yet their production contributes to significant CO2 emissions, and concerns persist regarding their high fluorine content, especially in light of evolving Per- and Polyfluorinated Substances (PFAS) restrictions. Moreover, the poor adhesion of bare current collectors necessitates a wet coating-based primer layer. In this study, we introduce an alternative dry processing concept based on a thermoplastic fluorine-free binder with low environmental impact and high productivity. Paraffin, a short-chain family of saturated hydrocarbons known as an n-alkane, is the most stable chemical species owing to its C-H covalent bonds and the wide gap between HOMO-LUMO energies. It also has a low melting temperature, allowing facile cohesion of the active materials to be interconnected by mild pressing activation. This new dry electrode binder provides substantial electrochemical properties based on both NCM cathodes and graphite anodes over 7 mAh cm−2. Furthermore, it implements true solvent-free adhesion without the wet-coating of primers on the current collector. This unique characteristic of paraffin enables a powder-to-electrode manufacturing strategy with pattern coating, which alters the well-known PTFE-based freestanding concept. This integrated approach bridges the gap between materials and processes, paving the way for sustainable advancements in battery electrode technology.

Mechanical Properties and Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of Glycidyl Azide Polyol Energetic Thermoplastic Elastomer Binder with RDX Composite.

To improve the reinforcement effect between a binder and high solid filler in a propellant formula, grafting the bonding group into the binder to form a neutral polymeric is a practically novel approach to improving the interface properties of the propellant. In this work, a glycidyl azide polyol energetic thermoplastic elastomer binder with a -CN bonding group (GAP-ETPE) was synthesized, and the mechanical and thermal decomposition mechanism of GAP-ETPE with Hexogeon (RDX) model propellants were studied. The stress-strain results indicated that the tensile strength and strain of GAP-ETPE/RDX model propellants were 6.43 MPa and 32.1%, respectively. DMA data showed that the storage modulus (E') of the GAP-ETPE/RDX model propellants could increase the glass transition temperature (Tg) values, those were shifted to higher temperature with the increase in filler RDX percentages. TG/DTG showed the four decomposition stages of the decomposition process of the GAP-ETPE/RDX model propellants, and the thermal decomposition equation was constructed. These efforts provide a novel method to improve GAP-ETPE/RDX propellants mechanical property, and the thermal decomposition behavior of GAP-ETPE/RDX propellants also provided technical support for the study of propellant combustion characteristics.

Thermophysical Characterization of Materials for Energy-Efficient Double Diaphragm Preforming

The Double Diaphragm Preforming (DDPF) process uses vacuum pressure and heat to pre-shape dry carbon fabric reinforcements between flexible diaphragms in liquid composite molding (LCM). Accurate modeling of heat transfer within DDPF requires knowledge of the thermophysical properties of the constituent materials under processing conditions. This study investigates the thermal conductivity of silicone diaphragms and carbon fabrics with embedded thermoplastic binder webs, utilizing transient plane source (TPS) and modified transient plane source (MTPS) methods, respectively. Additionally, the specific heat of silicone, carbon fibers (both chopped and powdered), and binder were measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Mixed samples comprising chopped fibers with 1.8 wt% binder and powdered fibers with 3.6 wt% binder was also analyzed with DSC. This study also examined the influence of reheating cycles on the specific heat of carbon fiber—3.6 wt% binder samples—and the effect of compaction and vacuum on the thermal conductivity of carbon fabrics with an embedded binder. While silicone exhibited linear-specific heat behavior, the thermoplastic binder showed non-linearity due to phase change. The combined carbon fiber-binder samples demonstrated slight non-linear specific heat variations depending on reheating cycles. The thermal conductivity of the fabric preforms decreased with the addition of thermoplastic binder and under vacuum-compaction conditions. The established temperature-dependent specific heat relationships and thermal conductivity provide valuable data for optimizing DDPF preforming parameters and enhancing energy efficiency in composite manufacturing.

Construction Composites Based on Secondary Thermoplastics and Manufacturing Waste

Abstract The paper presents current trends in the development of environmentally friendly building composite materials. The choice of thermoplastic polymer binder and natural plant-based fillers is substantiated. Highly filled composites based on secondary polypropylene and natural plant fillers have been developed: wood flour; coniferous flour; buckwheat husks; oat husks. Their main physical and mechanical properties, such as impact strength and flexural strength, have been studied. Experimental research has revealed that, in addition to traditional fillers like wood flour and coniferous flour, it is more relevant to use by-products of agro-industrial complexes in the form of buckwheat husks and oat husks. These technological waste products of agro-industrial complexes are quite widespread in Ukraine and are widely available in almost all regions of the country. However, their disposal is usually challenging. For the first time, the influence of the fractional composition of plant fillers in polymeric composites based on secondary polypropylene on the main physical and mechanical properties has been studied. It has been clarified that the developed composites with polyfractional compositions of plant fillers exhibit higher indicators. The high performance of the composites is achieved due to the maximum packing density of natural fillers in the polymer matrix.

ВАРИАНТ КОМПАКТИРОВАНИЯ МЕЛКОДИСПЕРСНЫХ ЖЕЛЕЗОСОДЕРЖАЩИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ДЛЯ МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКОГО ПЕРЕДЕЛА

The paper presents the results of a study of options for compacting fine iron-containing materials for metallurgical processing. The authors have proposed a method that involves the use of, in addition to an iron-containing material, a thermoplastic binder material. In this case, aggregation of the mixture and strengthening of the resulting aggregates is carried out simultaneously in a closed mold under the influence of pressure and temperature not lower than the softening temperature of the thermoplastic material. It is possible to obtain a compact unit, convenient for storage and transportation, that successfully performs the functions of a charge component during cupola and blast furnace melting of cast iron.

Optimisation of powder extrusion moulding process for thick ceramic electrodes of LiCoO2 for enhanced energy-density lithium-ion batteries

Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in portable electronic devices because of their high energy and power density. To enhance the energy density of these batteries, one strategy involves increasing the active material loading by increasing the thickness of the electrodes. In previous studies, we demonstrated that powder extrusion moulding (PEM) is a scalable and efficient method for producing additive-free LTO and LFP ceramic electrodes, which exhibit remarkable electrochemical performance with thicknesses up to 500 μm. This study focuses on the preparation and optimisation of the entire manufacturing process for thick ceramic electrodes of LiCoO2 (LCO) with a high mass loading of 180 mg cm−2 using the PEM process. Different powder loadings of mixtures of LCO and a thermoplastic multi-component binder were explored to obtain a formulation suitable for rheology. The optimal formulation comprises 60 vol% of powder. After binder removal via a combination of solvent and thermal treatment, followed by air sintering, parts with varying porosities were obtained. Striking a balance between porosity and thermal degradation is crucial for achieving optimal electrochemical behaviour. Electrochemical evaluations of the electrodes sintered at 900 °C and 1000 °C revealed areal capacity values as high as 17 mAh cm−2 at C/25 and 7 mAh cm−2 at C/6.25, respectively. These values far exceed the 1−2 mAh cm−2 obtained from commercial LCO electrodes. These results indicate a strategy for the production of electrodes to fabricate lithium-ion batteries with a low ratio of inactive materials and, therefore, with higher energy densities.

Low-Hydrophilic HKUST-1/Polymer Extrudates for the PSA Separation of CO2/CH4.

HKUST-1 is an MOF adsorbent industrially produced in powder form and thus requires a post-shaping process for use as an adsorbent in fixed-bed separation processes. HKUST-1 is also sensitive to moisture, which degrades its crystalline structure. In this work, HKUST-1, in the form of crystalline powder, was extruded into pellets using a hydrophobic polymeric binder to improve its moisture stability. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was used for that purpose. The subsequent HKUST-1/TPU extrudate was then compared to HKUST-1/PLA extrudates synthesized with more hydrophilic polymer: polylactic acid (PLA), as the binder. The characterization of the composites was determined via XRD, TGA, SEM-EDS, and an N2 adsorption isotherm analysis. Meanwhile, the gas-separation performances of HKUST-1/TPU were investigated and compared with HKUST-1/PLA from measurements of CO2 and CH4 isotherms at three different temperatures, up to 10 bars. Lastly, the moisture stability of the composite materials was investigated via an aging analysis during storage under humid conditions. It is shown that HKUST-1's crystalline structure was preserved in the HKUST-1/TPU extrudates. The composites also exhibited good thermal stability under 523 K, whilst their textural properties were not significantly modified compared with the pristine HKUST-1. Furthermore, both extrudates exhibited larger CO2 and CH4 adsorption capacities in comparison to the pristine HKUST-1. After three months of storage under atmospheric humid conditions, CO2 adsorption capacities were reduced to only 10% for HKUST-1/TPU, whereas reductions of about 25% and 54% were observed for HKUST-1/PLA and the pristine HKUST-1, respectively. This study demonstrates the interest in shaping MOF powders by extrusion using a hydrophobic thermoplastic binder to operate adsorbents with enhanced moisture stability in gas-separation columns.

Low binder content bricks: a regolith-based solution for sustainable surface construction on the Moon

This work proposes a composite construction material made by a blend of lunar regolith and thermoplastic binders in dry powder form. This solution offers advantages over regolith sintering or melting by requiring lower power consumption and simplifying the manufacturing process. However, its sustainability depends on minimizing the content of the binder material. Drawing from validated concepts used on Earth, such as polymeric concrete and compressed Earth bricks, this paper suggests that binder optimization can be achieved by simplifying and streamlining the manufacturing process, targeting parts with predefined shapes. Standardized elements like bricks or tiles ease production and assembly automation, especially when incorporating interlocking features, simplifying the payload concept transition. After drafting the process with a minimum number of basic steps, this work studies the effects of some process parameters to minimize the weight percentage of the matrix while maintaining reasonable mechanical properties. The compressive and the flexural strength are the targets of an orthogonal array Design of Experiment. Through comparison with reference values for civil engineering, the process demonstrates promising results within an organic phase as low as 10 wt%.

Сварка деталей из полимерных композиционных материалов на основе термопластов. Часть 4. Методы испытаний и контроля качества сварки деталей из термопластов

This article is a continuation of a series of articles on welding parts made of polymer composite materials based on thermoplastics. In the fourth article in the series, the most common methods of quality control and test of welded joints of products made of polymer composite materials based on thermoplastic binders are considered. Typical defects of welded joints of plastics have been determined. The technologies of destructive and non-destructive inspection of welded joints of plastic products are considered.

Synthesis and Characteristic Valuation of a Thermoplastic Polyurethane Electrode Binder for In-Mold Coating.

A polyurethane series (PHEI-PU) was prepared via a one-shot bulk polymerization method using hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), polycarbonate diol (PCD), and isosorbide derivatives (ISBD) as chain extenders. The mechanical properties were evaluated using a universal testing machine (UTM), and the thermal properties were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The PHEI-PU series exhibited excellent mechanical properties with an average tensile strength of 44.71 MPa and an elongation at break of 190%. To verify the applicability of different proportions of PU as an electrode binder, PU and Ag flakes were mixed (30/70 wt%) and coated on PCT substrates, the electrodes were evaluated by four-point probe before and after 50% elongation, and the dispersion was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrical resistance change rate of PHEI-PU series was less than 20%, and a coating layer with well-dispersed silver flakes was confirmed even after stretching. Therefore, it exhibited excellent physical properties, heat resistance, and electrical resistance change rate, confirming its applicability as an electrode binder for in-mold coating.

Effect of Moisture on the Mechanical Properties of Wood-Plastic Composites Hybridized with Metal Grid Layers.

Wood-plastic composites (WPCs) are some of the most common modern composite materials for interior and exterior design that combine natural waste wood properties and the molding possibility of a thermoplastic polymer binder. The addition of reinforcing elements, binding agents, pigments, and coatings, as well as changes to the microstructure and composition, can all affect the quality of WPCs for particular purposes. To improve the properties, hybrid composite panels of WPCs with 30 wt. % and 40 wt. % of wood content and reinforced with one or three metal grid layers were prepared sequentially by extrusion and hot pressure molding. The results show an average 20% higher moisture absorption for composites with higher wood content. A high impact test (HIT) revealed that the absorbed energy of deformation increased with the number of metal grid layers, regardless of the wood content, around two times for all samples before water immersion and around ten times after water absorption. Also, absorbed energy increases with raised wood content, which is most pronounced in three-metal-grid samples, from 21 J to 26 J (before swelling) and from 15 J to 24 J (after swelling). Flexural tests follow the trends observed by HIT, indicating around 65% higher strength for samples with three metal grid layers vs. samples without a metal grid before water immersion and around 80% higher strength for samples with three metal grid layers vs. samples without a grid after water absorption. The synthesis route, double reinforcing (wood and metal), applied methods of characterization, and optimization according to the obtained results provide a WPC with improved mechanical properties ready for an outdoor purpose.

ANN-based structure peciliaties evaluation of polymer composite reinforced with unidirectional carbon fiber

At the moment, there is a growing interest in composite materials with matrices based on thermoplastic polymers; these materials are superior to traditional carbon fiber plastics due to higher fracture toughness and impact strength, low smoke generation during combustion, and high thermal and chemical resistance. The deformation behavior of such composite materials due to the high plastic deformation of the matrix differs from the behavior of traditional composites, which must be considered when performing calculations. In our study, as a model object, the features of the microstructure of single carbon thread impregnated with polysulfone were studied in order to evaluate the distribution of misorientation angles of elementary fibers, the degree of their damage, the thickness of the polymer matrix interlayers between elementary fibers in threads impregnated with more viscous thermoplastic binders. Statistical analysis of a large array of micrographs was carried out using specially developed algorithms for computer processing of electron microscopic images of a composite material. Algorithms for processing arrays of images using machine vision algorithms are proposed. Based on the analysis of the data array, the distributions of carbon fibers impregnated with polysulfone were plotted over the misorientation angle of the filaments and over the interfilament distance in the longitudinal and cross sections of the fiber. Using the machine learning method, an algorithm for detecting violations of the filament structure was implemented. The data obtained can be used to refine the calculations of the strength and deformation characteristics of composite materials with thermoplastic matrices.

High-capacity Li4Ti5O12-C thick ceramic electrodes manufactured by powder injection moulding

Lithium-ion batteries are the most efficient electrochemical energy storage devices. However, there is still room for improvement in terms of safety and energy density, presently limited by conventional tape-casting electrode processing. In this study, a blend of the anodic material Li4Ti5O12 with 2 wt% carbon black has been processed through powder injection moulding (PIM) yielding, after subsequent debinding and sintering processes, to ultra-thick (>500 µm) ceramic binder-free electrodes. The mixture of Li4Ti5O12 with the thermoplastic binder composed of polypropylene, paraffin wax, and stearic acid is investigated to identify a rheologically suitable feedstock for the PIM process. The resulting disk-type green parts contain 50 vol% of ceramic powder. After removing the binder with solvents and subsequent thermal treatment, the parts are sintered at 900 °C, aiming for a relatively high porosity, i.e., 25.7%. The resulting electrodes show very high areal and volumetric capacities up to 26.0 mA·h·cm−2 and 403 mA·h·cm−3 at C/24, respectively, in a half-cell against lithium metal.

Determination of the shaping behavior of thermoplastic composite materials required for simulation of thermoforming

The shaping of composite consolidated plates into products is a complex process. To obtain a defect-free product, we have to bear in mind that thermoplastics reinforced with a fabric practically do not stretch, and their shaping behavior is determined by the mechanisms of shear deformations within a layer or between layers, by the processes of sliding a composite over the surface of tooling and by the flexural rigidity of the consolidated plates. Due to the complex behavior of the material during deformation, the optimization of the thermoforming process by trial and error is rather expensive in implementation and can be successfully replaced by a preliminary simulation. The available software packages intended for modeling the thermoforming process which provide construction of a correct model of the material consistent with the reality, require the introduction of input parameters for the drape of the consolidated plate, its flexural stiffness, the coefficient of friction between layers and with tooling. However, until now there are no standards for their measurement, which significantly hinders the process of modeling the thermoforming of products from consolidated plates based on thermoplastic binders. We present experimental data on the determination of some physical and mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced plastics based on polypropylene PP01030, including tensile-displacement tests of the sample, tests with a moving frame that provide evaluating the shear behavior of thermoplastic composite materials, as well as tests for determining the interlayer friction and friction of a composite with tooling. The tests were carried out at the melting temperature of the matrix using specialized tooling, made taking into account the experience of foreign research groups in physical and mechanical testing of thermoplastic composite materials. A method for determining the flexural rigidity of thermoplastic carbon fiber reinforced plastics is proposed. The presented tooling does not require the application of a complex force, and needs only standard tensile test clamps of the testing machine. The data obtained from the physicomechanical tests can be used in virtual modeling of the thermoforming process of consolidated composite plates.

Additive manufacturing of zirconia ceramic by fused filament fabrication

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology will facilitate the standardization of consumables and printing equipment for the additive manufacturing of engineered ceramics. In this study, a thermoplastic elastic binder based on styrene ethylene butylene styrene (SEBS) was optimized to realize the preparation of flexible filaments with solid loading of 43 vol%. The rheology, stress-strain behavior, and printing performance of the filament were systematically evaluated, and the feasibility of the fabrication of complex-shaped parts was verified. A microstructure model of the filament was innovatively established. The printed parts are suitable for solvent debinding at 40 °C, followed by thermal debinding and sintering to obtain dense zirconia ceramic materials. Microstructural analysis revealed two types of typical defects, interlayer bonding defects with a scale of about 1 μm and triangular voids at path intersections with a scale of about 10 μm. Zirconia ceramics with a relative density of 99.1% and a flexural strength of 492.8 ± 40 MPa was obtained by the FFF method.

Highly loaded magnetocaloric composites by La(Fe,Si)13H powder dedicated to extrusion-based additive manufacturing applications

Additive manufacturing is attracting increasing interest in the field of magnetic refrigeration to solve the problem of the brittleness of magnetocaloric alloys. The formulation of a composite based on a thermoplastic binder loaded with La(Fe,Si)13H magnetocaloric powder and then its shaping by an innovative additive manufacturing process were investigated in this work. To best preserve the magnetocaloric properties of the powders, the composite must have the highest powder mass fraction and the most suitable rheological behaviour for 3D printing from pellets. The thermo-rheological characterizations of the powders, the constituents of the binders, the binders and the composites were performed. Except for the powder, these behaviours were modelled as a function of the powder's shear rate, temperature and volume fraction leading to the identification of their different parameters. Criteria encompassing more parameters are defined to select the formulation of the composite with its forming parameters (i.e. from its elaboration to its printing). They lead to the selection of a powder, binder and composite components as well as some process parameters that can be optimised (e.g. maximum powder loading rate, nozzle temperature, shear rate). Particular attention is paid to the homogeneity of the composite and the non-degradation of the magnetocaloric properties throughout the fabrication process (i.e. the preservation of hydrogen in the La(Fe,Si)13H powder) which places this work in the context of 4D printing. Different parts (small 0.6 mm thick plates and characterization samples) of highly charged magnetocaloric powder (89% by mass) were printed. Their characterization reveals favourable properties, such as a porosity of 10.8 ± 2% present in the binder (and a global porosity of 5.4 ± 1% in the composite) in the form of pore size <2.10−3 mm3 and with a few voids of 4.10−3 mm3 obtained by X-ray tomography, and, high magnetocaloric properties (Δs = 9.3 J·K−1·kg−1). Other characterizations reveal less favourable mechanical properties, such as a yield strength of 0.7 MPa at room temperature which is highly dependent on the latter rising to an acceptable level of 5 MPa at −20 °C. A comparison with extruded strips of the composite of the same formulation but with lower porosity (i.e. 4% in the binder and overall 2% in the composite) shows an approximately 5-fold higher yield strength and the same initial Young's modulus, which determines the gap for improvement of the overall printing process used in this study.

Multifunctional Ti3AlC2-Based Composites via Fused Filament Fabrication and 3D Printing Technology

MAX phase, as a group of layered ternary carbides and nitrides exhibiting combined properties of metallic and ceramic materials, attracts increasing interest because they own exceptionally chemical, physical, electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. In the present paper, a novel Ti3AlC2-based green part was manufactured by extrusion-based fused filament fabrication (FFF) and 3D printing technologies. The morphology, thermal/electrical conductivity, thermal stability, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE), and mechanical properties of Ti3AlC2/binder with the volume ratio of 1:1 were investigated. The tensile and compressive strengths and elongation are measured to be 8.29 MPa and 18.20%, 44.90 MPa and 33.76%, respectively. The morphology of the filament reveals that Ti3AlC2 powders are well bonded by the thermoplastic binder. More importantly, the composite shows good thermal and electrical conductivities together with the excellent EMI shielding effectiveness, which is of great potential in the practical applications as conductor, heat dissipating, anti-static, and EMI shielding materials. The successful fabrication of Ti3AlC2-based composites via FFF-based 3D printing technology is beneficial to develop other MAX phase products with complex geometries and additional functionalities.

Additive manufacturing of cemented carbide using analogous powder injection molding feedstock

In this study, WC-8%Co cemented carbide was fabricated by extrusion-based additive manufacturing process using analogous powder injection molding feedstock. Feedstocks with powder loading content of 51 vol% (PW51) and 57 vol% (PW57) were prepared based on thermoplastic binder system composed of paraffin wax, high density polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate. The results show that the extrusion of feedstock is steady and easily controlled. The binder is efficiently removed by solvent leaching and thermal decomposition. After sintering at 1400 °C, densified samples with a relative density beyond 99% are obtained. Sintered PW57 presents less and more isotropic shrinkage below 17.0%, showing a great significance in print accuracy and deformation control. Sintered PW57 has larger transverse rupture strength and fracture toughness of 1695 MPa and 7.27 Pa·m0.5, respectively. Vickers hardness of sintered PW51 is slightly larger because of finer WC grain size. Mechanical properties, microstructure and surface roughness of sintered samples are all acceptable in actual application. Three-dimensional printing using an extrusion-based additive manufacturing with analogous powder injection molding feedstock is an extremely practicable method to fabricate cemented carbide parts with complicated shape.

Preparation of fully dense boron carbide ceramics by Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)

Boron carbide is the third hardest material known, with a high melting point (2450 °C) and poor sintering ability. Therefore, boron carbide is a challenging material for shaping by conventional processing routes and can still be considered as unsuitable for commercial production of ceramics parts by additive manufacturing technologies. This work reports the first successful preparation of boron carbide ceramics fabricated by fused filament fabrication from a newly developed composite filament containing 65 wt% of micron-sized boron carbide powder dispersed in a thermoplastic binder. A commercial FFF desktop printer with a 0.40 mm nozzle was used for manufacturing of complex-shaped green bodies. Almost fully dense boron carbide ceramics with printed parts sized up to 4 centimeters and relative density higher than 96% after sintering were prepared. The DTA/TG analysis of composite filament and heat microscopy technique were used to set the debinding temperature program with critical temperature at 140 °C, due to the thermal decomposition of the binder. Microstructure SEM images after sintering showed excellent material homogeneity, while micro-CT images showed very well retained experimental shapes of collimator-like printed grids. The x-ray diffraction proved the presence of boron carbide phase with the free carbon phase at the level of about 1 wt% without significant influence on the measured hardness value of 29.88 ± 1.27 GPa.

Fabrication and In Vitro Characterization of Novel Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds 3D Printed Using Polyvinyl Alcohol as a Thermoplastic Binder

This paper presents a proof-of-concept study on the biocolonization of 3D-printed hydroxyapatite scaffolds with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Three-dimensional (3D) printed biomimetic bone structure made of calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) intended as a future bone graft was made from newly developed composite material for FDM printing. The biopolymer polyvinyl alcohol serves in this material as a thermoplastic binder for 3D molding of the printed object with a passive function and is completely removed during sintering. The study presents the material, the process of fused deposition modeling (FDM) of CDHA scaffolds, and its post-processing at three temperatures (1200, 1300, and 1400 °C), as well it evaluates the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of scaffolds with MTT and LDH release assays after 14 days. The study also includes a morphological evaluation of cellular colonization with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in two different filament orientations (rectilinear and gyroid). The results of the MTT assay showed that the tested material was not toxic, and cells were preserved in both orientations, with most cells present on the material fired at 1300 °C. Results of the LDH release assay showed a slight increase in LDH leakage from all samples. Visual evaluation of SEM confirmed the ideal post-processing temperature of the 3D-printed FDM framework for samples fired at 1300 °C and 1400 °C, with a porosity of 0.3 mm between filaments. In conclusion, the presented fabrication and colonization of CDHA scaffolds have great potential to be used in the tissue engineering of bones.