Thermal Radiation Flow Research Articles

Design of experiments to spectroscopically characterize radiation flow in stochastic media

Precise characterization of experimental radiation flow is required to validate the high energy density physics models, numerical methods, and codes that are used to simulate radiation-hydrodynamics phenomena such as thermal radiation transport in stochastic media. The Cassio code is used to simulate thermal radiation flow through inhomogeneous, stochastic-media-foam configurations containing optically thick clumps dispersed within an optically thin background aerogel. Cassio can model small inhomogeneous problems directly, but most problems require approximations to meet computer limitations on run-times and memory usage. Various examples of these approximations are methods that produce, in one calculation, an ensemble-averaged solution and associated standard deviation; reduced spatial dimensionality with approximate geometries; and full material homogenization with no geometric detail. Cassio simulations are used to design experiments at the OMEGA-60 Laser Facility that can measure the radiation flow using the spatially resolved COAX absorption spectroscopy diagnostic. The experimental platforms flow radiation through foam targets ranging from a background-only aerogel, to a single configuration of a specified stochastic medium, to a fully homogenized foam of the background and clump materials. Under constant total clump mass, larger clumps (here, larger than 10 μm diameter) will mix more slowly with the background such that the bulk radiation flow is faster than it would be in a fully homogenized material. The COAX platform can be used to infer temperature and density profiles in both the background material and clumps, simultaneously, and therefore to differentiate radiation flow in a range of stochastic and homogeneous media.

Thermal radiative flow of cross nanofluid due to a stretched cylinder containing microorganisms

Abstract Due to its widespread applications in areas including heat exchangers, cancer therapy, heat storage devices, biomedicine, and biotechnology, nanofluid has become one of the most important fluids in thermal engineering. One difficulty with these applications of nanofluids is the improvement of heat conductivity via nanoparticles. This aims to illustrate the bioconvectional cross-flow of a nanofluid in the existence of swimming gyrotactic microorganisms over a vertical stretching cylinder. We consider the chemical reaction and thermal radiation in the energy and concentration equations. Through the use of appropriate dimensionless variables, a nonlinear system of partial differential equations has been transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The BVP4c method is applied to construct the resultant governing ODEs. The significance of physical variables is demonstrated through plots and tabular data. Our finding explains that the temperature intensifies due to larger curvature parameters and Weissenberg variables, while the opposite effect is examined in the velocity profile. With upsurge in thermophoresis parameter, the temperature upsurges accordingly. As the bioconvection Lewis number rises, microbial concentration falls. The results obtained in this investigation could be useful in practical applications like numerous areas of engineering, biotechnology, nanotechnology, and medical sciences etc.

Numerical simulation for thermal radiative flow of tangent hyperbolic nanofluid due to Riga plate in the presence of joule heating

In this paper, numerical simulation for the two-dimensional flow of tangent hyperbolic fluid in the manifestation of nanoparticles, heat source and joule heating is considered. For motivation of problem, the role of Riga plate is investigated. Chemical reaction and Brownian motion are the parts of the analysis. The set of PDEs of Tangent hyperbolic nanofluids with swimming germs is converted in to couple of ODEs by employing well-known approach namely shooting scheme. The resulting highly nonlinear and coupled ODEs are solved by using ND solve tool of Wolfram Mathematica 11. Numerical outcome of involving parameters of interest like Lewis number Le, Prandtl number Pr, Chemical diffusion k, Peclet number Pe, Weissenberg number We, Bioconvection Lewis number Lb, nonlinear radiation, Biot number Bi, modified Hartmann number Q and magnetic parameter M on tangent hyperbolic nanofluids velocity f″, temperature θ, concentration φ and density of germs distribution are discussed in the form of graphical trend and tables. We professed that the speed of fluid degenerated for the increasing value of power-law index n and magnetic parameter M. The Nusselt number growths for growing values of the thermophoresis parameter Nt, Biot number Bi and radiation parameter Nr.

Irreversibility analysis and thermal radiative of Williamson (ZnO+MOS 2/C 3 H 8 O 2) hybrid nanofluid over a porous surface with a suction effect

The current approach considered the unsteady 2D laminar second law analysis on Williamson hybrid nanoliquid in a porous medium under the effect of the thermal radiative flow towards a convectively heated stretching sheet. Propylene glycol () is employed as the base liquid in this study, and the nanoparticles are Molybdenum disulfide and Zinc Oxide The purpose of the current study is to maximize the energy and mass transfer rate for industrial and engineering applications. The primary contribution of this study is to discuss heat transmission via thermal radiation, suction, and the porous parameter on the flow of a William hybrid nanoliquid. The constitutive Maxwell flow model, heat transport, and entropy generation can be reduced to ordinary differential equations by similarity transformations. The Bvp4c technique is used on these generating ODEs for the numerical technique in the methodology section. Fluid friction, heat transmission, and Joule heating are used to calculate the entropy generation number. Graphs and tables are used to investigate the effects of dimensionless parameters on flow variables and entropy generation. The primary results suggest that hybrid Maxwell nanofluid is a more efficient heat conductor than regular nanofluid. A significant drop in the velocity field is supported by the Williamson Unsteady and porosity factors The temperature profile is significantly raised by the Biot number thermal radiation and suction factor Moreover, it has been found that entropy increases with radiation but reduces in Brinkman number against the Bejan number profile. Our results for a few specific situations were compared with previously published data to establish the validity of the current study, and it was discovered that they were in strong agreement.

Second law analysis on cross flow of hybrid nanoliquid in a Darcy–Forchheimer medium with thermal radiative flow

This article’s objective is to examine the optimization of entropy in Darcy–Forchheimer cross-hybrid nanofluids as they flow toward a stretchy surface. There is a current because the surface is being stretched. The energy equation is broken down into its component parts including thermal radiation, heat source sink, and convective flow. In this case, copper oxide ( CuO ) and titanium dioxide ( TiO 2 ) are taken into consideration as nanoparticles, while engine oil (EO) is taken into consideration as a continuous phase fluid. In addition, we carried out an investigation into the relative performance of copper oxide ( CuO ) and titanium dioxide ( TiO 2 ) while they were suspended in water engine oil. The application of the second law of thermodynamics allows for the calculation of the rate of entropy optimization. Using a suitable transformation, nonlinear partial differential equations can be transformed into a standard system. In this work, we use the numerical built-in BVP4c solution method to generate numerical results for the derived nonlinear flow equation. Both copper oxide ( CuO ) and titanium dioxide ( TiO 2 ) undergo a graphical analysis of the effects of varying technical factors on entropy optimization, velocity, the Bejan number, and temperature. Numerical computations of the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number for a range of fascinating parameters are performed for both nanoparticles ( TiO 2 and CuO ) . It is clear from the data that entropy optimization improves as the size of the radiation and porosity estimates reduces. The porosity parameter exhibits direct relationships to both temperature and velocity. Tabular comparisons of the current study with the previously published literature show a high degree of agreement. Copper and titanium oxide nanoparticles are used to increase Engine oil ( EO ) thermal enactment, making it a more useful base fluid. Further, some significant industrial and engineering applications are related to the present problem discourse.

Simultaneous features of ternary hybrid nanoparticles on thermal radiative flow configured by Darcy–Forchheimer porous surface

Due to its remarkable thermodynamic development in various engineering sciences, the dispersion of nanostructures in classical base liquids is receiving greater attention from researchers and scientists. In light of the aforementioned inspirations, the suggested research is associated with using a water-based ternary-hybrid nanofluid that contains three unique nanostructures, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide to optimize the heating process in science and engineering. In this situation, the influence of a chemically reactive magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) Darcy–Forchheimer ternary hybrid composites transport involving nonlinear radiation across an exponentially permeable stretched surface is highlighted with the model’s physical initial and boundary constraints. The simulation of the heat expression also includes the impacts of nonlinear thermal radiations, energy supply, energy dissipation and magnetic force. Furthermore, the interpretation of Buongiorno’s theory involves spontaneous and thermophoresis diffusions. Entropy analysis is explained using the second law of thermodynamics. We converted the model framework for fluid movement, energy and mass transfer (together with ternary hybrid nanofluid characteristics) into self-similar nondimensional differential equations, that were then further analytically evaluated by using the homotopy asymptotic method (HAM) technique via Mathematica software. The acquired results are illustrated numerically and graphically to study the behavior of fluid flow, heat, concentration distribution, drag force, rate of heat and mass transfer for various emergent components to gain scientific comprehension. With the growing values of magnetic, porosity and Forchheimer number, the nature of the velocity profile goes down.

Entropy optimized flow of hybrid nanofluid with partial slip boundary effects and induced magnetic field

There are various implementations of common fluids in industrial and chemical processes. With the cooperation of the nanoparticles, the lower thermal properties of such fluids can be augmented. By using a new kind of nanofluid namely hybrid nanofluid, the heat transfer rate of such fluids can be boosted more quickly. The main intention of this research is on entropy analysis in the stagnant point flow of a hybrid nanofluid. The mixed convection nonlinear thermal radiative flow on a stretchable vertical sheet is examined under the influences of the induced magnetic field and chemical reactions. The impacts of Joule heating, partial slips and viscous dissipation are also involved. After the execution of the appropriate similarity transformations, the constituting equations of the flow problem emerge as the nonlinear dimensionless setup of ordinary differential equations. An amplification is examined in the velocity field, entropy generation, and induced magnetic field relative to the mixed convection parameter. With the improved Brinkman number, an augmentation is developed in the entropy of the system. Moreover, both the heat transfer rate and the surface drag force exhibit an accelerating behavior relative to the mixed convection parameter.

Convection of 3D MHD non‐Newtonian couple stress nanofluid flow via stretching surface

AbstractThis study involvesthe numerical modeling of steady thermal radiation and chemical reaction on non‐Newtonian fluid motion via a bidirectional stretching surface. We have taken convective boundary conditions, and heat sources on the stretching surface. The working fluid of the present study is Casson fluid (“non‐Newtonian”) with couple stress. The self‐similarity forms of the nonlinear thermal radiative flow model are obtained by using similarity variables. Furthermore, the numerical results are computed with the help of fourth‐order Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method with a shooting algorithm after reducing nonlinear partial differential equations have been translated into strong ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Impacts of the various flow physical parameters especially Biot number, nonlinear thermal radiation, and heat source parameters containing nonlinear ODEs are discussed in detail for distinct numerical values. A comparison of calculated results with the known numerical results made with the previously published literature is mentioned and obtained a good agreement. Finally, we found that the (“coefficient of skin friction”) declines along directions, respectively, with via while the opposite direction follows with respect to and the (“heat transfer rate”), (“mass transfer rate”) increase with via while opposite direction follows with respect to .

Irreversibility analysis of cross fluid past a stretchable vertical sheet with mixture of Carboxymethyl cellulose water based hybrid nanofluid

This study addresses CuO-TiO2/CMC-water hybridnano-liquid in the influence of mixed convection flow and thermal radiative flow past a stretchable vertical surface. Cross nanofluid containing Titanium dioxide (TiO2), and Copper Oxide (CuO) are scattered in a base fluid of kind CMC water. In addition, theirreversibility analysis is also examined in the current problem. A suitable transformation is utilized to transmute the momentum and thermal mathematical expression in non-dimensionless form. Further, the BVP utilizer is set to solve these mathematical expressions. The significance of leading variables on the velocity, entropy generation,temperature, and Bejan numberare displayed and elaborated through the aid ofgraphs. The outcomes demonstrate that the larger values of the Weissenberg number reduce the velocity and entropy profiles while escalatingthe temperature distribution and Bejan number. The drag friction and heat transfer rate are enhanced by exceeding the value of the mixed convective parameter and Biot number. The motive of this manuscript is to give more interest of entropy production study with heat and fluid flow on Cross fluid with nanoparticles and base fluid to develop the system performance. The current work is existed with the previous literaure and obtain a fantastic achievement.

3D flow of MHD tangent hyperbloic nanoliquid with the combined effect of soret and dufour effect past a heated convective stretching sheet

Convective heat transport gives the remarkable behaviour in the many industrial procedure owing it mechanical behaviours of the system. A study has been obtained to analyse thermal radiative flow on unsteady MHD tangent hyperbolic nanoliquid near a stagnation point under viscous dissipation and chemical reaction. Also, thermal-diffusion and thermo-diffusion have been considered. The nonlinear PDE’s are altered into a set of ODE’s through suitable transformation and which are then numerically utilized. Further, numerical outputs for friction factor, Nusselt number and Sherwood are produced in table. Moreover, velocity distribution is increasing for a larger value of We and reduces for n. Moreover, similar behaviour is noted for temperature profile. A comparison with accessible outcomes for limited case is obtained with tremendous achievement.

MHD and Thermal Radiation Flow of Graphene Casson Nanofluid Stretching/Shrinking Sheet

MHD and Thermal Radiation Flow of Graphene Casson Nanofluid Stretching/Shrinking Sheet

Numerical Simulations of Environmental Energy Features in Solar Pump Application by Using Hybrid Nanofluid Flow: Prandtl-Eyring Case

As the primary energy source derived from the sun, solar energy is widely utilized in various technologies, including photovoltaic cells as well as the solar types of energy plates, street lights, and water pumping. This era is about studying solar radiations and a way to active enhancements in solar power pump (SWP) efficacy with the use of solar radiations and nanotechnology. Communication is structured to examine the capability of SWP in terms of transfer of heat using a hybrid nanofluid passing through a parabolic trough surface collector (PTSC) placed inside the pipeline of SWP. Solar radiation has been considered a heat source. The performance in terms of heat transfer of the SWP is scrutinized for various effects like porous media, viscous dissipation, radiative heat flux, and Cattaneo–Christov heat flux (C–CHF). Entropy generation analysis is also conducted for Prandtl – Eyring fluid (P-EF). The simulated momentum and energy equations were solved using the Keller box technique, which is a well-known numerical approach. For this work, Prandtl – Eyring hybrid nanofluid (P-EHNF) has been considered, consisting of double diverse kinds of nanotubes (NT), including single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in the rich, viscous fluid of kind Sodium Alginate (SA). The impact of various parameters on velocity, temperature fields, shear stress, coefficient of drag force, and Nusselt number are investigated and demonstrated in graphs and tables. The SWP experience an enhancement in the transfer of heat for amplification of the parameters of thermal radiative flow as well as viscous dissipation. In comparison with conventional nanofluid, hybrid nanofluid performs better in heat transmission. The thermal efficacy of MWCNT/SWCNT-SA over SWCNT-SA got down to a minimal level of 39.9% and peaked at 42.2%.

Thermal efficiency enhancement of solar aircraft by utilizing unsteady hybrid nanofluid: A single-phase optimized entropy analysis

The foremost energy source originating from the sun, which is solar energy is widely utilized in solar technologies such as photovoltaic cells installed in energy plates, street lights, and water pumping. Meanwhile, the combination between solar radiations and nanotechnology is utilized in solar aircraft (SA). Therefore, this article investigated the working function of parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) to analyze the performance of SA wings. The SA performance is reported due to the heat transfer analysis in the working fluid flows in PTSC, where the selected fluid is tangent hyperbolic hybrid nanofluid (THHNF). The THHNF is this article contains the blend of two nanoparticles (NP), including Copper (Cu) and Silica (SiO2), in the EG-Ethylene glycol viscous fluid. The heat transfer in the working fluid flows in the wings is discussed by considering the influencing factors, namely as variable thermal conductivity, thermal radiations, and porous media. In addition, entropy generation is also conducted for THHNF. The early set of mathematical formulation has been handled using a finite difference method. The distributions of velocity, temperature fields, shear stress, coefficient of surface drag, and Nusselt number are are depicted and tabulated: These results are restricted to the effect of controlling parameters. The main finding from this article is: The aircraft wings experience an enhancement in the heat transmission due to an amplification of thermal radiative flow and variant thermal conductivity. In comparison with conventional nanofluid, hybrid nanofluid shows better performance in heat transmission. The thermal efficacy of SiO2/Cu-EG over Cu-EG recorded a minimal level of 0.2%, and reached maximum percentage at 3.9%.

Thermal capability and entropy optimization for Prandtl-Eyring hybrid nanofluid flow in solar aircraft implementation

In addition to photovoltaic cells, solar power plates, photovoltaic lights, and solar pumping water, solar energy is the primary source of heat from the sun. At the moment, researchers are looking at the use of nanotechnological and solar radiation to increase aeronautical efficiency. In this study, hybrid nanofluid flow linearly passes through a parabolic trough solor collector (PTSC) on the interior of solar aircraft wings to study heat transmission. Solar radiative flow was the term used to describe the heat source. The heat transfer efficiency of the wings is evaluated for several effects, such as a slanted magnetic field, viscous dissipation, play heating, and thermal radiative flow. Entropy generation study was performed on the Prandtl-Eyring hybrid nanofluid (P-EHNF). The Keller box technique was used to solve the predicted energy and momentum equations. As a typical fluid, EG (ethylene glycol) is used to disperse the nanosolid particles, which consist of copper (Cu) and cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4). A variety of control factors, including velocity, shear stress, and temperature outlines as well as a frictional factor and Nusselt number, are addressed in detail. Thermal radiation amplification and variable thermal conduction parameters appear to increase the efficiency of aircraft wings in terms of thermal transfer. Hybrid nanofluid is superior to conventional nanofluid in terms of heat transmission. Cu-EG has a low thermal efficiency between 3.8% and 4.8% than CoFe2O4-Cu/EG nanofluid.

Impact of Maxwell velocity slip and Smoluchowski temperature slip on CNTs with modified Fourier theory: Reiner-Philippoff model.

The present article presents a novel idea regarding the implementation of Tiwari and Das model on Reiner-Philippoff fluid (RPF) model by considering blood as a base fluid. The Cattaneo-Christov model and thermal radiative flow have been employed to study heat transfer analysis. Tiwari and Das model consider nanoparticles volume fraction for heat transfer enhancement instead of the Buongiorno model which heavily relies on thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion effects for heat transfer analysis. Maxwell velocity and Temperature slip boundary conditions have been employed at the surface of the sheet. By utilizing the suitable transformations, the modeled PDEs (partial-differential equations) are renewed in ODEs (ordinary-differential equations) and treated these equations numerically with the aid of bvp4c technique in MATLAB software. To check the reliability of the proposed scheme a comparison with available literature has been made. Other than Buongiorno nanofluid model no attempt has been made in literature to study the impact of nanoparticles on Reiner-Philippoff fluid model past a stretchable surface. This article fills this gap available in the existing literature by considering novel ideas like the implementation of carbon nanotubes, CCHF, and thermal radiation effects on Reiner-Philippoff fluid past a slippery expandable sheet. Momentum, as well as temperature slip boundary conditions, are never studied and considered before for the case of Reiner-Philippoff fluid past a slippery expandable sheet. In the light of physical effects used in this model, it is observed that heat transfer rate escalates as a result of magnification in thermal radiation parameter which is 18.5% and skin friction coefficient diminishes by the virtue of amplification in the velocity slip parameter and maximum decrement is 67.9%.

Applications of temperature dependent viscosity for Cattaneo–Christov bioconvection flow of couple stress nanofluid over oscillatory stretching surface: A generalized thermal model

This continuation reports the thermal consequences of couple stress nanofluid containing gyrotactic microorganisms model in presence of novel features like nonlinear thermal, temperature dependent viscosity and uniform magnetic force. The generalized expressions of diffusion theory are entertained for the modeling of energy and concentration equations. The thermal radiative flow is addressed by using nonlinear thermal radiation instead of traditional linear thermal expressions. The effective Brownian motion and thermophoresis mechanisms are focused in view of Buongiorno's nano-material model. The current nanofluid model with couple stress nonlinear model is the most improved thermal model which preserves many results as a limiting case. The flow is persuaded by periodically accelerated and stretching surface. The resulted equations based on various elementary laws are formulated in partial differential form. The most convergent technique homotopy analysis method is proposed to discuss the solution procedure. The convergence analysis is performed and later on a comprehensive graphical observation with interesting physical justifications is presented. Various physical quantities are graphically entertained. The results show that the velocity profile oscillates periodically and magnitude of oscillation increases with couple stress parameter. The temperature of nanoparticles boosted with the viscosity parameter while a declining pattern of temperature is noted for the thermal Biot number. The skin friction coefficient periodically increases with the viscosity vector and couple stress parameter.

Thermal augmentation in solar aircraft using tangent hyperbolic hybrid nanofluid: A solar energy application

The major source of heat from the sun is solar energy, with enormous use of photovoltaic technology, solar power plates, photovoltaic lights and pumping solar water. This time is about the analysis of solar radiation and how the efficiency of solar aircraft may be improved by using solar radiation and nanotechnology. The study is intended to develop analyses of solar aircraft hybrid nanofluid transfer via parabolic trough surface collector solar wings. Solar radiative flow was named the heat source. The heat transfer efficiency of the wings is evaluated for various phenomena such as a slanted magnetic field, Joule heating, play heat and thermal radiative flow. The entropy production study was carried out in the instance of the tangent hyperbolic fluid. The modelled energy and momentum formulas were controlled with the well-established Keller box numerical technique. This work consists of ethylene glycol standard fluid with two differing types of nanosolid particles copper and silver. Different control factors for velocities, shear stress and temperature are addressed and shown in the figures and tables as well as surface friction and heat transport rate. In terms of thermal transfer, the efficacy of the aviation wings with thermal radiation amplification and changeable thermal conduction parameters is enhanced. Hybrid nanofluid is an ideal source of heat transmission compared to conventional nanofluids. Silver–copper/ethylene glycol thermal efficiency is reduced between 2.6% and 4.4% than copper–ethylene glycol nanofluid.

High-performance nanofluid synthesis and DFT-TDDFT study of graphene nanosheets along bent surface for enhanced oil-recovery implementations

Thermal characteristics over a slippage permeable curved surface of mono and hybrid nanofluid convective flows. The surface is assumed to be convoluted with radius R in circle part. The salt-water is used as a base fluid to model the flow with graphene and silica nanoparticles. The magnetic effect is taken into consideration with a heat source (sink) and thermal radiative flow impact. The mathematical model is solved by Chebyshev spectral collocation method after transformed into a nondimensional form. The nanostructure thin films of [SH2O/GO]m nanofluid and [SH2O/GO+SiO2]h are synthesized by using a spin-coating technique process with a thickness of 100 ± 3 nm/25 °C. The structure characterization (FT-IR spectrum and XRD) results from experimental and DFT-TDDFT (DMOl3) data are studied for mono and hybrid nanofluids. The outcomes show that the temperature is declined with a curvature of the surface, while the flow velocity is boosted. Rate of heat transmit is enhanced with the radiative and suction flow. The results specifically determine that ΔEgOpt values decrease from 2.293 eV for [SH2O/GO]m mono nanofluid to 1.196 eV for [SH2O/GO+SiO2]h hybrid nanofluid using the DFT computations EHOMO and ELUMO calculations. This result concluded that the [SH2O/GO]m transformed from semiconductor to [SH2O/GO+SiO2]h as a super-conductor hybrid nanofluid by adding (SiO2 nanoparticles).

Numerical and analytical comparisons of slanted Lorentz forces on thermal radiation flow of a micropolar fluid

The transient flow of a viscous incompressible electrically conducting micro-stretch fluid over an infinite vertical porous plate in the presence of slanted hydromagnetic flow with an aligned angle of 0° to 90° and thermal radiation effects has been analyzed. The governing equations are solved analytically by using the technique of the state-space approach and the inversion of the Laplace trans-forms is carried out using a numerical approach for varies physical parameters on the velocity, microrotation, micro-stretch and temperature profiles are shown graphically. In order to verify the accuracy of the present results, we have compared these results with the numerical solution by using the Crank-Nicolson implicit finite difference method. It is found that the thickness of thermal boundary-layer increases with an increase in the value of thermal radiation whereas antithesis trend is seen with increasing the Prandtl number.

A Generic Computer Tool for the Solution of Fluid Flow Problems: Case Study of a Thermal Radiative Flow of an Optically Thick Gray Gas in the Presence of Indirect Natural Convection

A Generic Computer Tool for the Solution of Fluid Flow Problems: Case Study of a Thermal Radiative Flow of an Optically Thick Gray Gas in the Presence of Indirect Natural Convection