Effects Of Therapeutic Exercise Research Articles

Vestibular Physiotherapy and Yoga in Vasovagal Syndrome: case report

This study aimed to report the effects of vestibular physiotherapy (VP) associated with Yoga in a vasovagal syndrome (VVS) patient with dizziness and body imbalance complaints. We described a 22-year-old patient who underwent one year of VP with a frequency of one to two times per week (totaling 31 sessions). The treatment for the cervical region was performed using manual therapy and motor control training of the deep cervical flexor muscles. The patient started to practice Yoga three months after the beginning of the VP. After one year of treatment, a substantial improvement in the symptoms of dizziness and postural balance were observed. However, the cervical pain remained present and cervical mobility was slightly limited after two years. These findings lasted one year after the end of the VP program, a period in which the patient performed only Yoga. Despite the promising results, future studies with larger sample sizes and adequate methodological quality are necessary to confirm the effects of therapeutic exercises in individuals with VVS.

The effect of therapeutic exercise on the treatment of symptoms and the delay of foot degeneration in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: An evidenced-based physiotherapy review

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes. It presents with a symmetrical peripheral degeneration of peripheral nerves. Pain is a major complaint in about 1/3 of people with DPN and DPN-related sensory loss contributes to impaired balance, gait problems, and increased sensitivity to injury. Recent research has shown that a combination of aerobic exercise and resistance training improves fitness, glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in older adults and people with diabetes. The aim of this review was to investigate the effect of exercise on improving the symptoms of patients with DPN and delaying the onset of foot degeneration. The PubMed and Science Direct databases were searched with the following keywords: Diabetic neuropathy, therapeutic exercise, physiotherapy, rehabilitation. The results of this review suggest that exercise can improve the symptoms of DPN by reducing pain as well as improving gait accuracy, enhancing lower limb strength and improving the quality of daily life of patients. Aerobic exercise seems to be the type of training that provides the most benefits. There is also evidence that exercise in diabetic patients may either prevent or delay the onset of peripheral neuropathy. However, further clinical trials are required.

The effect of therapeutic exercise in the prevention of lymphoedema secondary to breast cancer: a systematic review.

One of the most frequent complications of breast cancer treatment is lymphoedema (LE), with lymphadenectomy and radiotherapy being the main triggers of this pathology in developed countries. The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of therapeutic exercise in the prevention of upper limb (UL) lymphoedema evaluated through cirtometry, volumetry, or bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) in women after breast cancer removal surgery. The Pubmed, PEDro, and Cochrane databases were consulted up to May 2020, including randomised clinical trials (RCTs) on therapeutic physical exercise as a possible preventive measure against breast cancer-related lymphoedema (BCRL). The studies were requested to have participants with UL lymphoedema and a control group. A total of 304 articles were found, of which 9 were included (stand-alone studies). A therapeutic exercise program (strength and/or aerobic training) in women who had been surgically intervened for breast cancer may prevent lymphedema, compared to a regular care. A therapeutic exercise program (strength and/or aerobic training) in women operated on for breast cancer contributes to reducing the number of cases that could obtain a greater difference in volume in their upper limbs, compared to a regular care program. However, further research is necessary to affirm that therapeutic physical exercise prevents BCRL.

Exercise craving potentiates excitatory inputs to ventral tegmental area dopaminergic neurons.

Physical exercise, which can be addictogenic on its own, is considered a therapeutic alternative for drug craving. Exercise might thus share with drugs the ability to strengthen excitatory synapses onto ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopaminergic neurones, as assessed by the ratio of AMPA receptor (AMPAR)-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) to NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-mediated EPSCs. As did acute cocaine, amphetamine, or Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) pretreatments, an acute 1-h wheel-running session increased the AMPAR/NMDAR ratio in VTA dopaminergic neurones. To dissect the respective influences of wheel-running seeking and performance, mice went through an operant protocol wherein wheel-running was conditioned by nose poking under fixed ratio schedules of reinforcement. Conditioned wheel-running increased the AMPAR/NMDAR ratio to a higher extent than free wheel-running, doing so although running performance was lower in the former paradigm than in the latter. Thus, the cue-reward association, rather than reward consumption, played a major role in this increase. The AMPAR/NMDAR ratio returned to baseline levels in mice that had extinguished the cued-running motivated task, but it increased after a cue-induced reinstatement session. The amplitude of this increase correlated with the intensity of exercise craving, as assessed by individual nose poke scores. Finally, cue-induced reinstatement of running seeking proved insensitive to acute cocaine or THC pretreatments. Our study reveals for the first time that the drive for exercise bears synaptic influences on VTA dopaminergic neurones which are reminiscent of drug actions. Whether these influences play a role in the therapeutic effects of exercise in human drug craving remains to be established.

Sportliche Aktivität und psychische Erkrankungen

Current meta-analyses demonstrate convincing evidence regarding the efficacy of exercise on depression, insomnia, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia and ADHD. However, exercise and sports therapy approaches for patients with psychological disorders are mostly integrated in psychiatric inpatient or rehabilitation settings, but not applied in the outpatient sector. Thus, the German Health sector does not take the advantage of the compelling therapeutic effects of exercise. This review covers the theoretical and empirical fundamentals of the effects of exercise and illustrates practical implications by means of the presentation of the group-therapeutic exercise program ImPuls, that was specifically designed for patients with psychological disorders in outpatient settings. ImPuls integrates current evidence of the effects of exercise (type of sport, duration, frequency, intensity) and the facilitation of motivational and volitional strategies to support patients to integrate exercise in their daily life routines.

Physical Exercise and Cancer: Exploring Chemotherapy Infusion as an Opportunity for Movement.

Exercise initiated in the early stages of cancer treatment may present as the most opportune time to reduce the detrimental side effects of treatment. Beginning exercise post-cancer treatment may not be early enough to elicit important improvements. The role of exercise alongside chemotherapy treatment, specifically during chemotherapy infusion may be an opportunity for the therapeutic delivery of exercise for cancer patients. Narrative review of peer-reviewed literature with a focus on exercise during chemotherapy infusions and therapeutic effects of exercise on the tumor microenvironment. Exercise initiated in the early stages of chemotherapy treatment may present as the most opportune time to improve therapeutic health outcomes and patient experience. If exercise during chemotherapy infusion could be feasible more testing is warranted to explore different modes including resistance-based exercise, dosage, intensity, and its potential affect on tumor hypoxia and chemotherapy drug uptake. Oncology nurses are in the ideal position to initiate the conversation about exercise during chemotherapy treatments specifically the opportunity to provide light exercise during chemotherapy infusion. Starting exercise during this time may be the most beneficial timing to decrease the myriad of treatment side effects experienced. Further research is required to explore the potential affect of exercise during chemotherapy infusion on health benefits, tumor hypoxia, and drug uptake, all of which seem to be positively affected by physical exercise.

Can Therapeutic Exercise Slow Down Progressive Functional Decline in Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis? A Meta-Analysis

Background: Despite the high incidence of muscle weakness in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the effects of therapeutic exercise on these individuals have not been clearly determined.Methods: A comprehensive database search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS. We included studies published up to December 31, 2019 that fulfilled our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Functional status was determined as the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS) score (previous and revised versions) before and after a therapeutic exercise program for the meta-analysis. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials was used for the methodological quality assessments of included studies. The meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan v.5.3.Results: A total of 94 patients in the experimental group (who received therapeutic exercise) and 159 patients in the control group (who received conventional exercise or therapy) were included from five randomized controlled trials. The decrement of ALSFRS (previous version), ALSFRS-R (revised version), and ALSFRS-R-Respiratory scores at the 6-month evaluation were less for the therapeutic exercise group as compared to the control group. However, at the 6-month evaluation, the ALSFRS-R-Limb scores did not significantly differ between the two groups.Conclusions: Therapeutic exercise appears beneficial for patients with ALS. Further, it appears to exert more of a cardiopulmonary benefit, as opposed to preventing the progression of limb weakness. However, as the therapeutic exercises applied in each included study were not uniform, the result of our meta-analysis should be considered cautiously.

Impact of physiotherapeutic methods on urinary incontinence in the elderly

Purpose Urinary incontinence is one of the most important health problems for people over 65 years of age. It is defined as involuntary and uncontrolled loss of urine. This paper aims to present a contemporary view on the effects of physiotherapeutic procedures in combating urinary incontinence. Physiotherapeutic procedures were compared: pelvic floor muscle exercises, physical therapy and biofeedback (BF) to demonstrate their effectiveness in managing urinary incontinence in the elderly. Design/methodology/approach The databases Pubmed and GoogleScholar have been searched for articles on the impact of interventions – physiotherapeutic procedures on the effectiveness of the treatment of urinary incontinence in the elderly. Findings Pelvic floor muscle exercises are effective in the treatment of urinary incontinence, strengthen muscle strength and improve patients' quality of life. A long-lasting, systematic and individual training program with a physiotherapist is the most effective. BF helps to intensify the therapeutic effect of exercise but also allows you to achieve good results as an independent treatment method. Positive effects are also noticeable in physical therapy, electrostimulation and magnetotherapy are very effective. Physiotherapeutic procedures have a positive effect in the treatment of urinary incontinence in the elderly. However, further research is needed to clarify the most effective methods. Originality/value This paper offers many ways to deal with urinary incontinence in the elderly using physiotherapeutic procedures, thus helping to improve the quality of life of those affected by urinary incontinence.

Effectiveness of a Yoga program in improving self-esteem and self-image of the elderly: English

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Yoga program in improving the self-esteem and self-image of the elderly. Thirty-six elderly individuals were evaluated, divided into two groups. The program lasted 2 months and was practiced 3 times a week, with a duration of 60 minutes each class. A structured and validated questionnaire was used to assess self-esteem and self-image. The elderly had a mean age of 60.5 ± 2.86 years, height of 1.66 ± 0.03 meters, and body mass of 69 ± 5.17 kg. For self-image an F = 52.36 was verified; p<0.001 and for self-esteem F = 48.78; p<0.001. It can be concluded in this research that the practice of yoga is effective in improving the levels of self-esteem and self-image of the elderly, it can be used through the therapeutic effects of exercise in the non-pharmacological treatment and prophylaxis of some psychiatric illness such as depression.

Cardio-oncology - elucidation of the mechanism of cardiac dysfunction caused by cancer therapy and cancer cachexia

Cardiovascular disorders in cancer patients with cachexia have recently become a great concern. However, the relationship between cancer cachexia and cardiac dysfunction remains unclear, due to lack of suitable models. We established a novel murine model of cancer cachexia by implantation of 85As2 cells, a cell line derived from human gastric cancer cells, presenting anorexia, weight loss and low fat-free mass similar to those observed in patients. Moreover, cardiac dysfunction is expected in this model, which has not been yet examined. In the present study, we firstly evaluated cardiac functions with the model. Secondly, we investigated effects of voluntary wheel running (VWR) on cachexia-induced cardiac dysfunction using this model, as the exercise is considered to be one of therapies for chronic heart failure. 85As2 cells were transplanted subcutaneously into mice, which observed a symptomatic cachexia; decrease in body, skeletal muscle weight, and food intake. In addition, this cachexia mouse developed severe cardiac atrophy and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) also markedly reduced with cachexia progression. Moreover, VWR suppressed the decrease in food intake and skeletal muscle weight loss in this model, and improved LVEF with suppression of heart weight loss. These results imply that our 85As2-cachexia mice models show cardiac dysfunction and VWR may improve not only cachexia symptoms but also cardiac dysfunction. As exercise therapy is generally introduced for the purpose of improving heart failure symptoms, this study suggests a possible therapeutic effect of exercise on cardiac dysfunction induced by cancer cachexia.

Exercise and Dementia.

Several experimental and human studies documented the preventive and therapeutic effects of exercise on various diseases as well as the normal physiological function of different systems during aging. The findings of several basic animal studies and clinical investigations identified the advantageous effects of exercise as non-pharmaceutical intervention on dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The main positive effects suggested for exercise are less cognitive and behavioral impairment or decline, development of health-associated conditions (stress, sleep), reduction of dementia risk factors including chronic non-communicable disease (diabetes, cardiovascular disease), increase in neurotrophins, enhancement of brain blood flow, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity in the brain memory-related region (e.g., hippocampus), and reduction of neuroinflammation and apoptosis. However, regarding the controversial evidence in literature, designing standard clinical and experimental studies to reveal the correlation between physical activity and dementia sign and symptom including biomarker alternation, brain supramolecular and molecular changes, and neuropsychological manifestation is necessary for preparation of effective guidelines and recommendations.

Molecular Mechanisms Mediating Adaptation to Exercise.

Several experimental and human studies documented the preventive and therapeutic effects of exercise on the normal physiological function of different body systems during aging as well as various diseases. Recent studies using cellular and molecular (biochemical, proteomics, and genomics) techniques indicated that exercise modifies intracellular and extracellular signaling and pathways. In addition, in vivo or in vitro experiments, particularly, using knockout and transgenic animals, helped to mimic physiological conditions during and after exercise. According to the findings of these studies, some important signaling pathways modulated by exercise are Ca2+-dependent calcineurin/activated nuclear factor of activated T-cells, mammalian target of rapamycin, myostatin/Smad, and AMP-activated protein kinase regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1-alpha. Such modulations contribute to cell adaptation and remodeling of muscle fiber type in response to exercise. Despite great improvement in this field, there are still several unanswered questions as well as unfixed issues concerning clinical trials' biases and limitations. Nevertheless, designing multicenter standard clinical trials while considering individual variability and the exercise modality and duration will improve the perspective we have on the mechanisms mediating adaptation to exercise and final outcomes.

The Effects of Therapeutic Exercises on Kinesiophobia in Haemophilic Patients.

The Effects of Therapeutic Exercises on Kinesiophobia in Haemophilic Patients.

Exercise factors as potential mediators of cognitive rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury.

To summarize what is known about how exercise mediates cognitive rehabilitation post traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is a devastating condition that leads to cognitive, motor and social deficits with significant social and economic burdens. Physical exercise has been shown to mediate cognitive rehabilitation post-TBI. The therapeutic effects of exercise are related in part to its ability to increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) expression in the hippocampus. However, we have only recently begun to understand how exercise induces Bdnf expression in the brain through the identification of peripheral exercise factors. In this review, we will discuss the literature describing the various known exercise factors and we will assess their potential role in TBI. The reviewed literature makes a strong case that exercise has important protective roles post-TBI. It also highlights the relevance and role of peripheral exercise factors, such as lactate and beta-hydroxybutyrate in mediating beneficial effects of exercise on cognition. Studying exercise factors in the context of injury will likely contribute to better therapeutic strategies for TBI.

The Therapeutic Effect of Exercise on Anxiety and Bowel Oxidative Stress in the Maternal Separation Animal Model.

Introduction:According to evidence, Early-Life Stress (ELS), mood disorders, and medical comorbidities, i.e. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), are correlated; however, the direct contribution of ELS to IBS manifestations is less understood. The current study aimed at evaluating the effect of voluntary exercise on the mitochondrial dysfunction of the bowel fibroblasts, following the confirmation of anxiety behavior.Methods:In this study, Postnatal Day (PND) rats underwent Maternal Separation (MS), as a valid animal model of the brain-gut axis dysfunction, in the days 2–14; three hours daily. On day 21, the study animals were divided into 4 groups, as follows: control, Running Wheel (RW) exercise, MS, and MS+RW groups. The study groups were housed in separate cages (4 rats per cage) until the onset of intervention. On day 60, the elevated plusmaze was used to assess anxiety-like behaviors; the level of oxidative stress biomarkers, i.e. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Glutathione (GSH), as well as Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) was measured to determine the gut mitochondrial function.Results:Findings revealed that ELS affected the gut energy metabolism in the studied rats; the negative effects of MS on anxiety and the gut mitochondrial dysfunction decreased via RW exercise during adolescence.Conclusion:Overall, anxiety behaviors and ROS production, leading to increased GSH and ATP levels, improved after RW exercise; this significantly impacts the function of colon secretory mitochondria. According to the positive effects of RW exercise on mitochondrial dysfunction in an ELS animal model, a potential relationship was found between the brain and gut in the study rats.

The effect of Therapeutic exercises and plus whey protein in hamstring tear treatment of volley ball players

The effect of Therapeutic exercises and plus whey protein in hamstring tear treatment of volley ball players

The Effectiveness of Therapeutic Exercise on Motor Skills and Attention of Male Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder

The Effectiveness of Therapeutic Exercise on Motor Skills and Attention of Male Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Aerobic exercise effects in renal function and quality of life of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease

To date, the therapeutic effects of exercise have not yet been evaluated regarding renal function parameters and quality of life specifically in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. Thus, the study aim was to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise in renal function and quality of life in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. A quasi-experimental prospective study [NCT03301987] was carried out. Nine patients with advanced chronic kidney disease were recruited from a hospital nephrology unit. Kidney function parameters such as creatinine, creatinine clearance, urea clearance, glomerular filtration rate, and creatinine/weight proportion, as well as the Kidney Disease Quality of Life SF-36 (KDQoL-SF36) were measured at baseline and after 1 month of aerobic exercise. Significant increases (P <.05) were observed for creatinine/weight proportion as well as symptoms, effects, charge, and physical domains of the KDQoL-SF36 after 1 month of therapeutic exercise. The other parameters did not show any statistically significant difference (P >.05). Aerobic exercise may cause improvements in renal function and quality of life of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. Further studies about therapeutic exercise protocols specifically in patients with advanced stages of chronic kidney disease should be carried out in order to study their effectiveness and safety.

Effects of Therapeutic Exercise on Pain, Physical Function, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in a Patient with Multilevel Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Case Report

Background: In some clinical guidelines followed in clinical practice, nonsurgical treatments are recommended as the primary intervention for patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). However, the effect of a therapeutic exercise program based on stabilization of the lumbar spine for treatment of multilevel LDH has not been evaluated thoroughly. Objective: To investigate the effects of therapeutic exercise on pain, physical function, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a patient with multilevel LDH. Design: Case Report Methods: A 43-year-old female presented with low back pain, radicular pain and multilevel LDH (L3–L4, L4–L5, L5–S1). The therapeutic exercise program was conducted. in 40-min sessions, three times a week, for 12 weeks. Low back and radicular pain, lumbar disability, and physical function were measured before and after 6 and 12 weeks of the exercise program. MRI was performed before and after 12 weeks of the program. Results: After 6 and 12 weeks of the therapeutic exercise, low back and radicular pain and lumbar disability had decreased, and lumbar range of motion (ROM) was improvedbilaterally, compared with the initial values. Also improved at 6 and 12 weeks were isometric lumbar strength and endurance, and the functional movement screen score. The size of disc herniations was decreased on MRI obtained after 12 weeks of therapeutic exercise than on the pre-exercise images. Conclusions: We observed that therapeutic exercise program improved spinal ROM, muscle strength, functional capacity, and size of disc herniation in LDH patient.

Effects of therapeutic exercise in TMDs with pain

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) concerns a heterogeneous group of pathologies that manifest in the orofacial region, head and neck [1] and is defined as a group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions that involve the TMJs, the masticatory muscles and all associated structures in a reciprocal interaction and influence [2]. This disorder results in one or more signs and symptoms: orofacial pain, masticatory muscle pain or a combination of both. Other symptoms include impaired mandibular range of motion, joint noises associated with function, muscle and joint tenderness as well as head and neck pain [3]. Pain represents the main reason for medical seek [4,5] and certain psychological factors, such as pain catastrophizing, fear, and depression can influence pain thresholds and pain tolerance [4,5]. Taking into account that the literature has shown that pain thresholds and pain tolerances have been found to increase following exercise [4], we have performed a study that aimed to evaluate the immediate effects of therapeutic exercises (TE) in TMDs patients with chronic pain. Material and Methods: A prospective clinical study was conducted having 20 subjects with muscular TMDs diagnosed according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders with chronic pain. The subjects were assigned to two groups: 10 in the experimental group (G1) and 10 in the control group (G2). The G2 group consisted of subjects on the waiting list who were evaluated at all times in conjunction with the G1 group, but who were not submitted to any intervention. The experiment was conducted approximately 90 min in duration. During the session, participants: 1) completed the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS); 2) had their pressure pain threshold (PPT) measured before, immediately after and 30 min after TE; and 3) had their pain intensity measured before, immediately after and 30 min after TE through numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). The data evaluation was conducted in a SPSS with an exploratory analysis and a two-way mixed ANOVA to assess the difference between groups, with a significance level of 5%. All the assumptions of the Helsinki Declaration have been fulfilled. Results: PPT values increased from T0 to T2 in the G1 (p < 0.001). NPRS values decreased at T2 when compared with the T0 in the G1 (p = 0.001). Discussion/Conclusion: Therapeutic exercises promoted an increase in the PPT values and a decrease in the NPRS value, reinforcing its value in the treatment of muscular TMDs. However, further investigation should be done with an increased sample.