Prospects For Theory Research Articles

Кризис теории и практики правозащитного действия

This article explores problem of the liberal rights and freedoms conceptualization and crisis of the human rights institutions legitimacy, the prospects for theory and practice of the modern defense of human rights. The author believes the human rights institutions to be currently in crisis mode because of their inability to overcome their dependence on the liberal doctrine of rights and freedoms being innate. This doctrine was imposed on the society as the only valid ideology that does not need any scientific verification or ethical mediation and basically is a quasi-religious phenomenon. Today the defense of human rights is the enforcement authority and a political subsystem, as it legitimates and delegitimates political subjects. The human rights institutions can retain their role in society by overcoming their dependence on liberal and other ideologies, abandoning the obsolete enlightenment concept of innate rights and acknowledging the priority of morality in the society.

Analysis of Transaction Volume and Stock Return on the Indonesia Stock Exchange

This study is intended to examine the Rupiah Exchange Rate, Inflation, Oil Price as part of macro fundamental variables and Return on Equity, Firm Size, Debt to Equity Ratio, Dividend Payout Ratio, Foreign Value as part of micro fundamentals on Stock Transaction Volume and its implications for Stock Returns. The objects in this study are automotive companies and their components listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2011-2017 by using panel data regression in conducting the analysis. The variables in the first research model that have a significant effect are Rupiah Exchange Rate, Oil Price, Dividend Payout Ratio with a negative correlation to Stock Transaction Volume, while Return on Equity, Debt to Equity Ratio have a positive correlation. In the second research model. References Simpson, Christopher. (1988) BlowBack: America’s Recruitment of Nazis and its Effects on the Cold War. New York: Wheatland Corporation. "Israel Arms Control and Proliferation Profile." The Arms Control Association (July 2013). Goldblat, Jozef (2002). Arms Control: A Guide to Negotiations and Agreements (London: Sage Publications Ltd., 2004). Smith, Roger K. "Explaining the Nonproliferation Regime: Anomalies for Contemporary International Relations Theory," Spring 1987. International Organisation 41, no.2. 253. Jozef Goldblat, F. Barnaby, B. Jasani, and J. Rotblat ed.(2020). Nuclear Energy and the Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. 302. Londres: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute Chari, P.R. (March 2011). "From CTBT to FMCT: India's Nuclear Debate." IPCS Issue Summary. Walsh, Jim (2005). Learning from Past Achievements: The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and the Future of Non-Proliferation (Stockholm, Sweden: Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission. 2013 "Fact Sheet: North Korea's Nuclear and Ballistic Missile Programs" by Kim, Duyeon. Arms Control and Non-Proliferation Center. "Israel Arms Control and Proliferation Profile." (2013) Association for Arms Control. New York: Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2005). (2-27 May, 2005). Keller, William W. Janne E. Nolan (Winter 1997-98). Foreign Policy, "Proliferation of Advanced Weapons: A Threat to Stability." "Communication Received from Several Member States Regarding Export Guidelines for Nuclear Materials, Equipment, and Technology" (1978) February Circular INFCIRC/254 from the International Atomic Energy Agency. Rudney, Robert. and Anthony T.J. (1996). Beyond COCOM: A Comparison of Five National Export Control Systems and Their Implications for a Multilateral Non-Proliferation Regime Comparative Strategy 15, no. 1 (January/March 1996), pp. 41-57. Young, Oran R. (1986) "International Regimes: Toward a New Theory of Institutions," World Politics, vol. 106, p. 106. Tertrais, Bruno (ed) Henry D. Sokolski. Strategic Studies Institute of the U.S. Army War College. Houston Wood (2008) Alexander Glaser and Scott Kemp, "The gas centrifuge and the proliferation of nuclear weapons," 61 Physics Today (3). Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye, Power and Interdependence (1977). Little, Brown, in Boston Bhonsle Rahul K. Ved Prakash and Kulwant Rai Gupta, (2007) "Indo-U.S. Civil Nuclear Agreement," Atlantic Publishers & Distrib. 33. India's economy is expanding faster than China's at present (2015) The Economist, nineteen February. Keohane In Power and Interdependence, Robert O. and Joseph S. Nye (2001) wrote "Realism and Complex Interdependence." 23. Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye, editors. New York: Longman. Stein, Arthur A., "Coordination and collaboration: regimes in an anarchic world," in International Regimes, edited by Stephen D. Krasner (New York: Cornell University Press, 1983), 117. International Responses to Technology: Concepts and Trends, by John Gerard Ruggie. Summer 1975 issue of International Organization, volume 29, number 3: 570 pages. The shrewdness of Andreas. Integrating Theories of International Regimes. Peter Mayer and Volker Rittberger, 2000. British International Studies Association, Review of International Studies, volume 26, number 1 (January), pages 3–33. Haas, Ernst (1980) "Technological Self-Sufficiency for Latin America: The OAS Contribution." Autumn 1980 issue of International Organization, number 4: 553. Jervis, Robert. "Security Regimes," in International Regimes, edited by Stephen D. Krasner, 186, Cornell University Press, New York, 1983. Keohane Robert 0. Lisa L. Martin (Summer, 1995). Institutionalist Theory's Prospects. International Security, volume 20, issue 1: 39-51. Has, Ernst B. (1983). "Words Can Hurt: Who Said What to Whom About Regimes," in International Regimes, edited by Stephen D. Krasner, New York: Cornell University Press, pp. 38-39. Rebecca Johnson. (2014) "Time warps in Nuclear Non-Proliferation." Liberal Democracy.

A Policy Perspective on Multilateral Export Control Regime (MECR): Theoretical Discourse

A Policy Perspective on Multilateral Export Control Regime (MECR): Theoretical Discourse

Bibliographical theory as the phenomenon of Russia library and information science. (On the occasion of Oleg P. Korshunov 95<sup>th</sup> anniversary)

P. Korshunov’s contribution to the theory of bibliography is discussed; the discipline structure and development stages are analyzed. The main principles of Oleg P. Korshunov’s theory are outlined: dialectical method of rising from the abstract to the concrete applied to bibliographic phenomena studies; the view of document communication system as a metasystem of bibliographic functioning. The theory also sees the contradictions/information barriers existing in the system of document communications as an intrinsic reason for the emergence of mediating social institutions (libraries, archives, bibliography, etc.), which mission is to establish correspondence between documents and end users. Oleg P. Korshunov also developed the concept of bibliographic information as an intrinsic distinction of bibliography from other types of information activity; he derived the modes and functions of bibliographic information and common patterns of bibliographic activity. The author specifies several rival bibliography theories: information-cultural (M. G. Vokhrysheva, N. B. Zinovieva), ideographic (N. A. Sliadneva), management (A. A. Grechikhin), semiotic (G. Ya. Uzilevskiy), and synergetic (T. A. Novozhenova). The author points to the conceptual diversity of the theory of bibliography in Russia and current unavailability of the single theory. The author demonstrates the achievements and challenges of the theory of bibliography within the framework of academic studies, as well as maturity of bibliography subdisciplines, i. e. theory and methodology of bibliography, history of bibliography, management of bibliographic activities, bibliographic methods and technologies. The prospects of theory of bibliography are specified as stated by Russian scholars on the basis of Thomas S. Kuhn’s theory of scientific revolutions. They unanimously connect development history of theory of bibliography to the bibliological and documentological paradigms (in different terminologies), while interpreting the future of bibliography in different ways though always with dominating technological issues.

To Wish Impossible Things: On the Ontological Status of Latent Variables and the Prospects for Theory in Psychology

In “Lack of theory building and testing impedes progress in the factor and network literature,” Fried (this issue) calls for more attention to theory in psychological research on individual differe...

Seasonality in ecology: Progress and prospects in theory

Seasonality is an important feature of essentially all natural systems but the consequences of seasonality have been vastly underappreciated. Early work emphasized the role of seasonality in driving cyclic population dynamics, but the consequences of seasonality for ecological processes are far broader. Yet, seasonality is often not explicitly included in either empirical or theoretical studies. Many aspects of ecological dynamics can only be understood when seasonality is included, ranging from the oscillations in the incidence of childhood diseases to the coexistence of species. Through several case studies, we outline what is now known about seasonality in an ecological context and set the stage for future efforts. We discuss various approaches and tools for incorporating seasonality in mathematical models. We argue, however, that these tools are still limited in scope and more easily-accessible approaches need to be developed.

Race, Gender, and Government Contracting: Different Explanations or New Prospects for Theory?

The U.S. Congress created the Small Disadvantaged Business (SDB) and Women‐Owned Small Business (WOSB) programs to promote fairness in government contracting. In this article, the authors examine whether increases in racial and gender representation in federal agencies correlate with the proportion of contract dollars awarded to women‐ and minority‐owned firms. Using the theory of representative bureaucracy as a starting point, they find evidence that increases in passive minority representation result in a larger proportion of contract dollars awarded to minority‐owned firms, which comports with previous empirical research. There is no evidence, however, that female representation leads directly or indirectly to substantive benefits for women‐owned small businesses. Given that the findings for women do not support representative bureaucracy, the authors provide potential alternative explanations. Specifically, they consider gender bias, social identity, and the “queen bee” phenomenon as possible explanations for why women are less inclined to advocate for other women.

Summary and Prospects of Theory and Phenomenology

Current and prospective issues in neutrino theory and phenomenology, as emerging from the talks given at the Neutrino 2010 Conference in Athens, are briefly reviewed.

Race, Gender and Government Contracting: Different Explanations or New Prospects for Theory?

The U.S. Congress created the small disadvantaged business (SDB) and women-owned small business (WOSB) programs to promote fairness in government contracting. In this study, we examine whether increases in racial and gender representation in federal agencies correlates with the proportion of contracting dollars awarded to women- and minority-owned firms. Using the theory of representative bureaucracy as a starting point, we find evidence that increases in passive minority representation result in a larger proportion of contracting dollars awarded to minority-owned firms, which comports with previous empirical research. We find no evidence, however, that female representation leads directly or indirectly to substantive benefits for women-owned small businesses. Given that our findings for women do not support representative bureaucracy, we provide potential alternative explanations. Specifically, we consider whether gender biases, social identity and the queen-bee phenomenon as possible explanations for why women are less inclined to advocate for other women.

IPS FORUM CONTRIBUTION (ISSUE 3, VOL. 4): Old Mistakes: Bourdieu, Derrida, and the “Force of Law”11

In proposing this symposium, Oliver Kessler asked why international law, so long out of fashion in the field of International Relations (IR), has recently attracted interest among post-positivist scholars (as seen in the pages of this journal), and whether this renewed interest might contribute to a renaissance in theory and foster interdisciplinary dialogue.12 Or, in returning to international law, will “we simply reproduce old mistakes”? My response to the first question needs no elaboration: liberal re-enchantment with international law and pervasive rights talk set an agenda for scholars who are post-positivist but not quite post-liberal. Prospects for theory and dialogue, I suspect, depend on how one answers Kessler's last question. I believe we will indeed reproduce old mistakes if we rely on leading post-positivist figures as if they were the last word on what law is, and I believe there is a strong tendency to do just this—for convenience and in deference to their stature and authority. To make my point, I examine two texts, one by Pierre Bourdieu (1987) and one by Jacques Derrida (2002a), both employing the phrase “force of law” in their titles. While neither was a legal scholar, they wrote about law with sophistication and assurance. Bourdieu's command of legal theory is obvious to anyone reading “The Force of Law,” and Derrida wrote his “Force of Law” for members of the Critical Legal Studies movement. Even if some post-positivists may have immunized themselves to the authority of science, appeals to truth and common sense assertions about reality, they are all the more susceptible to appeals to authority for legitimacy and the quest for status by association with famous figures. For Bourdieu and Derrida, authority and force may indeed be synonyms. Both essays have quite a bit to say about the “chain of legitimation” (Bourdieu's …

‘Communities of practice’: prospects for theory and action in participatory development

‘The myth of community’ permeates both the understanding and the practice of participatory development. Yet the idea that communities exist as coherent units of people who inhabit bounded geographic spaces and are ready to be mobilised for development restricts the very agency that participation promises. This article offers an alternative model of community: one that is more compatible with the ideal of people-centred, participatory development. Using Etienne Wenger's concept of ‘communities of practice’, and drawing on narrative theory and cognitive approaches to policy analysis, the article argues that community should be created and sustained around shared meanings.

Transients and attractors in epidemics.

Historical records of childhood disease incidence reveal complex dynamics. For measles, a simple model has indicated that epidemic patterns represent attractors of a nonlinear dynamic system and that transitions between different attractors are driven by slow changes in birth rates and vaccination levels. The same analysis can explain the main features of chickenpox dynamics, but fails for rubella and whooping cough. We show that an additional (perturbative) analysis of the model, together with knowledge of the population size in question, can account for all the observed incidence patterns by predicting how stochastically sustained transient dynamics should be manifested in these systems.

The Prospect of Theory of Religious Markets

The purpose of this paper is to examine the validity of the new sociological theory of religion that goes beyond the framework of the traditional debate on secularization, and, constructed on that theoretical basis, the theory of religious markets. Both of these theories are recently advocated by Rodney Stark and his research partners in the US. First, I will take up their definition of religion and their opinions on the deprivation theory to clarify their theoretical grounds against the secularization theory. Furthermore their theory of religious change will be discussed. In particular, their typology of religious groups (church, sect, cult), the view they hold on the relationship between religion, magic and science and their view of the three elements of religious change (secularization, revival, religious innovation) will be dealt with here. Next, their theory of religious markets will be investigated. This theory, which is based on, among others, the rational choice theory, insists that religion become more active in a pluralistic religious market. Using this point of view, we can explain the rise and fall of the traditional religions and the emergence of religious cult movements.Finally, I will point out some problems in their theory, and consider how to overcome them. This discussion will reveal how much prospect their theory holds.

Leaders, followers, and values: progress and prospects for theory and research

Leaders, followers, and values: progress and prospects for theory and research

Computer-assisted language learning

Microcomputers are being used in schools around the world in a multitude of ways. School administrators are realizing that here is a powerful management tool and that many administrative tasks are similar to those in small businesses where the computer has proved an aid in inventory control, access to records, budgeting and accounting. Teacher-librarians are appreciating that the computer can be used to good affect in many aspects of library work. In the classroom computers are being used to teach programming, to teach about computers, to solve problems, to simulate processes, to assist writing, to access information bases, to drill facts, to test learning, to stimulate thinking, and to play games. In this article we examine some of the ways computers are being used in the language classroom. There are three main sections. In the first, the focus is on computers in language learning. In the second section, which occupies the major part, the focus is on the many different ways that language teachers around the world are using computers to promote language learning. And the third and final section, in examining prospects for theory and research, presents an overview of the strengths and weaknesses of the different approaches to the use of computers in language teaching and learning.

Particle Physics: The Quest for the Substance of Substance

Particles and principles gravitation and electrodynamics the strong interaction the weak interaction the electroweak theory prospects for unification.

The Anticipation of International Crises: Prospects for Theory and Research

The changing definition of international crisis is noted and related to the three major series of crises in the twentieth century. The rapid adaptation and institutionalization of American foreign and defense policy machinery to fit the crisis conditions of the Cold War era are traced in order to indicate the nature of the dislocation that began to occur in a “transition period” after 1964. The need to restructure and reinstitutionalize concepts and practices in the American foreign affairs establishment according to the requirements of the ongoing transformation of the international system is interpreted with special reference to conceptual reorientations toward crisis phenomena. Fresh opportunities to advance crisis studies in both theory and research under a closer cooperative relationship between the academic and policy communities are outlined.

Theory in History

Present-day interest in history among philosophers seems largely limited to a debate over the nature of historical explanation among those who for Humean reasons insist that all explanations must rest upon general laws and history cannot be an exception to this, and those who say the historians do explain and since they do not use general laws the Humean claim is obviously mistaken. Like the latter, the present paper takes the explanations of historians seriously, but unlike the latter it is not willing to limit the role of philosophy of history merely to the elucidation of the language in which historians give final expression of their work. Rather it recognizes that those explanations themselves set the stage for further inquiry in that they are required to be justified. It is here that the theories or general laws demanded by Humean analysis come in. After examining examples of general laws offered by way of example of what the “Humean” philosophers are supposed to have in mind, each of which is an immediate generalization of the explanation it is called upon to explain and is, hence, an instance of what has been called “the dogma of universality,” some examples of more promising prospects of theory in history are examined.