Interaction Theory Research Articles

Co-teaching in higher education: implications for teaching, learning, engagement, and satisfaction.

This study examined the impact of co-teaching on students and lecturers, assessing its benefits and drawbacks, and suggesting ways to enhance collaborative learning. Fifty undergraduate student teachers participated in two sports sciences seminar courses jointly taught by two lecturers. Data was collected via student reflections; course evaluation feedback; word clouds; and teacher reflections. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. The findings indicate that the short intensive seminar course resulted in three parallel processes: emotional, students transitioning from negative feelings of chaos, frustration, and a sense of incompetence to positive feelings of satisfaction and sense of accomplishment; social, students learning to listen, request assistance, support, encourage, and collaborate; and cognitive, students learning to ask fruitful questions, plan experiments, summarize, and present. Nevertheless, the time and effort demands involved in the planning and management of such courses may constitute a significant barrier to the future implementation of this teaching method. In terms of course outcomes, no indications of higher quality were seen compared to traditional instruction. Drawing on the symbolic interactionism theory, the study advocates for preparing students for inclusive and collaborative learning environments to improve academic engagement and success.

Evaluating the effect of face recognition technology on citizens’ happiness

ABSTRACT Face recognition technology (FRT) has a significant impact on citizens’ lives. Based on involvement theory, interaction ritual chain theory, social interaction theory, and the task-technology fit (TTF) model, this study evaluates the effect of FRT on citizens’ happiness. We conducted data collection in a Chinese region widely using FRT, with 653 effective samples, using structural equation models to evaluate the data. Finally, we draw five novel and valuable conclusions. First, task characteristics have a significant positive influence on TTF, but a similar effect is not evident between TTF and technical characteristics. Second, cognitive involvement positively affects positive emotion, which subsequently positively affects actual use. Third, TTF has a significant positive impact on actual use, which can also be transmitted through positive emotion. Fourth, actual use and positive emotion have a significant positive effect on feedback interaction. Fifth, feedback interaction has a significant positive effect on happiness, and this impact can also be transmitted through social connection. A potential contribution of this study is its theoretical framework and empirical model, which integrate the similarities and differences between FRT and other technologies used to meet citizens’ needs, revealing respondents’ reactions to and appreciation for FRT.

Understanding followers’ processing and perceptions of social media influencer destination marketing: Differences between #Millennials and #GenZs

Social media influencer (SMI) marketing implemented by tourism and destination managers has attracted widespread academic attention in recent years. Efforts have been made to evaluate the effectiveness of SMI in destination marketing using source credibility, informativeness, and SMIs’ relationship with their followers. However, extant literature has paid limited attention to capturing and understanding the various mechanisms of persuasion of how SMI destination marketing audiences process relevant SMI information and how their processing of the information would influence their travel decision-making. This study bridges these research gaps with a proposed research framework by integrating the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) with theories of self-congruity, parasocial interaction, and persuasion knowledge activated by advertisement disclosure. Subsequently, the study executed an audience segmentation of the SMI destination marketing between the Millennials and Generation Z. Adopting a quantitative approach (N = 501), results showed that Millennials and Generation Z audiences have distinct information processing preferences and attitudes toward advertisement disclosure of SMIs. Key implications for theory and practice were also discussed.

Does high employee performance trigger abusive supervision? Evidence from hotel businesses

ABSTRACT Drawing on the social comparison and moral exclusion perspectives and the social interactionist theory of aggression, this study investigates how employee performance affects abusive supervision through supervisor envy and perceived threat to hierarchy. Data were collected from employees in four- and five-star hotels in various provinces of Türkiye. The research hypotheses were tested by using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling. The findings show that high employee performance significantly increases supervisor envy and threat to hierarchy. In turn, supervisor envy and threat to hierarchy significantly increase abusive supervision. Finally, supervisor envy and threat to hierarchy also mediate the impact of employee performance on abusive supervision. Given the lack of previous evidence on these paradoxical outcomes of high employee performance, the present study contributes to the business ethics and hospitality literatures.

The Try Guys Try Cheating: Social Media Influencers in Crisis

The Try Guys are social media influencers who were in crisis when member Ned Fulmer cheated on his wife and affected their brand. The Try Guys’ followers took to social media to express their thoughts and give advice about the Try Guys brand. This study explored the relationship between social media influencers and their followers, how those influencers talk about their personal brand during a crisis, and how followers aid in reputational repair. The theories were parasocial interaction and Situational Crisis Communication Theory. A content analysis of posts and comments on Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube was conducted. The findings showed crisis frames in the Try Guys’ posts were different from their followers’ comments. The Try Guys focused on justification, ingratiation and victimage, whereas the followers scapegoated the woman involved in the affair instead of her married boss. Implications for public relations, social media, and parasocial interaction are offered.

A Short Study on the Constructing Mechanism of Basic Education Community

The importance and urgency on the constructions of Basic Education Community originate from the needs of the balanced developments of basic education, the realizations of the Educational Internationalization and the healthy promotions of the Belt and Road Initiative. Social Interaction Theory, Educational Governance Theory and Educational Ecosystem Theory have played positive leading roles in the constructions of basic education communities. The governments, schools, families, communities, other educational actors and some organizations or institutions in the society who are involved in the constructions of the basic education communities ought to be burdened with their own responsibilities and obligations under the guidance of these theories.

Compact photonic model based on coupled-mode theory for nonlinear interactions in electronic-photonic co-simulation

This paper demonstrates a Verilog-A compact photonic model based on coupled-mode theory for nonlinear interactions, including four-wave mixing (FWM) and cross-phase modulation (XPM), to present a general framework and methodology for modeling nonlinear interactions in electronic-photonic co-simulation. The model is compatible with existing electronic design automation (EDA) platforms and can support rapid electronic-photonic co-simulation. It avoids describing the complicated physical process of the FWM and provides an easy way for system designers to monitor the dynamics of the critical optical parameters, thus accelerating the co-design and co-optimization of the electronic-photonic hybrid systems incorporating FWM. Meanwhile, the model is not tailored for a particular photonic device but can be applied to different photonic devices as a fundamental component. The model framework and modeling methodology presented in this paper are expected to be further applied to the modeling of other optical nonlinear interactions. The simulation results of the proposed model agree well with both numerical and experimental results. A closed-loop electronic-photonic co-simulation example using the proposed model is also carried out successfully.

SU(3) Gauge Symmetry: An Experimental Review of Diffractive Physics in e+p, p+p, p+A, and A+A Collision Systems

This review focuses on diffractive physics, which involves the long-range interactions of strong nuclear force at high energies described by SU(3) gauge symmetry. It is expected that diffractive processes account for nearly 40% of the total cross-section at LHC energies. These processes consist of soft-scale physics where perturbation theory cannot be applied. Although highly successful and often described as a perfect theory, quantum chromodynamics relies heavily on perturbation theory, a model best suited for hard-scale physics. The study of pomerons could help bridge the soft and hard processes and provide a complete description of the theory of the strong interaction across the full momentum spectrum. Here, we will discuss some of the features of diffractive physics, experimental results from SPS, HERA, and the LHC, and where the field could potentially lead. With the recent publication of the odderon discovery in 2021 by the D0 and TOTEM collaborations and the new horizon of physics that lies ahead with the upcoming Electron-Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory, interest is seemingly piquing in high energy diffractive physics.

Theory and mitigation of motional eddy current in high-field eddy current shielding.

Eddy current shielding by a Faraday cage is an effective way to shield alternating-current magnetic fields in scientific instrumentation. In a strong static magnetic field, however, the eddy current in the conductive shield is subject to the Lorentz force, which causes the shield to vibrate. In addition to mechanical issues (e.g., acoustic noise), such vibration induces motional eddy current in the shield that can dominate the original, electromagnetic eddy current to undermine the conductor's shielding capability. In this work, we investigate a method to control motional eddy current by making cut-out patterns in the conductor that follow the electromagnetic eddy current image. This effectively limits the surface current of the plate to a single mode and prevents the proliferation of uncontrolled motion-induced surface currents that disrupts eddy current shielding. After developing a comprehensive theory of magneto-mechanical interaction in a conductive plate, the proposed method was tested on a flat-geometry testbed experiment inside a 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) magnet. It was found that the magnetic field generated by the motional eddy current was much more localized in space and frequency for a patterned-copper shield compared to a solid copper. The magnetic field of the patterned shield could be accurately predicted from the impedance measurement in the magnet. Implications of our results for improved shielding of gradient fields in high-field MRI are discussed.

Validation of a scaled dynamic test system for simulating a high‐speed train passing bridges under seismic excitation

AbstractThis study presents the validation of a dynamic test system to simulate a high‐speed train passing bridges under seismic excitation. The system comprises scaled models of a CRH380A high‐speed train and an 11‐span simply supported bridge on a shake table array. This innovative apparatus combines seismic loading with the moving train load to replicate train‐track‐bridge interaction (TTBI) during earthquakes. It allows investigation of various train speeds and seismic excitations, providing invaluable insights into TTBI. First, the detailed similarity design principle based on the equations of motion was discussed, and its applicability to the wheel‐rail contact relationship was verified. Then, the dynamic characteristics of the scaled model were identified, and the impact of the error between the scaled model and the theoretical model on the TTBI response was assessed. Furthermore, the comparison of the dynamic test model and the numerical simulation in acceleration responses validated the accuracy of the rigid‐flexible coupling model method for the actual TTBI system. Test cases without external excitation, with simple harmonic excitation and with seismic excitation were conducted on the dynamic test system. Results showed that the influence of track irregularity and running speed on train response aligns with the classical train‐bridge interaction theory. The successful implementation of this test system marks a significant advance in understanding TTBI mechanics and has significant implications for seismic safety enhancement of railway infrastructure.

Correlation Functions Involving Dirac Fields from Homotopy Algebras II: The Interacting Theory

Abstract We extend the formula for correlation functions of free scalar field theories and Dirac field theories in terms of quantum $A_{\infty }$ algebras presented in arXiv:2305.11634 to general scalar-Dirac systems. We obtain the result that the same formula as in the previous paper holds in this case. We show that correlation functions from our formula satisfy the Schwinger–Dyson equations. We therefore confirm that correlation functions from our formula express correlation functions from the ordinary approach of quantum field theory.

Children and adults produce distinct technology- and human-directed speech

This study compares how English-speaking adults and children from the United States adapt their speech when talking to a real person and a smart speaker (Amazon Alexa) in a psycholinguistic experiment. Overall, participants produced more effortful speech when talking to a device (longer duration and higher pitch). These differences also varied by age: children produced even higher pitch in device-directed speech, suggesting a stronger expectation to be misunderstood by the system. In support of this, we see that after a staged recognition error by the device, children increased pitch even more. Furthermore, both adults and children displayed the same degree of variation in their responses for whether “Alexa seems like a real person or not”, further indicating that children’s conceptualization of the system’s competence shaped their register adjustments, rather than an increased anthropomorphism response. This work speaks to models on the mechanisms underlying speech production, and human–computer interaction frameworks, providing support for routinized theories of spoken interaction with technology.

Genetic Factors Contributing to Respiratory Disorders in Brachycephalic Dog Breeds in Uganda

Purpose: To aim of the study was to analyze the genetic factors contributing to respiratory disorders in brachycephalic dog breeds. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Genetic factors are primary contributors to respiratory disorders in brachycephalic dog breeds, known for their flattened facial structure. Breeds like Bulldogs and Pugs exhibit narrowed nostrils, elongated soft palates, and other airway obstructions due to selective breeding for these distinctive traits. These anatomical abnormalities restrict airflow, leading to symptoms such as noisy breathing and exercise intolerance. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Genetic inheritance theory, evolutionary genetics theory & genotype-environment interaction theory may be used to anchor future studies on genetic factors contributing to respiratory disorders in brachycephalic dog breeds. Implement breeding programs that prioritize genetic health over physical appearance. Establish and enforce regulatory standards for breeding brachycephalic dogs that include mandatory genetic testing for respiratory disorder markers.

Exploring the Cyberpsychology of Social Media Addiction and Public Health Risks among Black American Women in the USA

This study is a pioneering effort to address the under-researched intersection of Black American women, social media addiction, and associated health risks due to their significant engagement with these platforms. It delves into aspects of cyberpsychology concerning how social media serves as a tool for empowerment among Black women, yet simultaneously poses risks of addiction and potential public health consequences. By drawing on established addiction theories, frameworks, and a thorough review of existing literature, this research offers a critical analysis of a demographic that has been traditionally overlooked in scholarly discourse. The article analyses the risks associated with social media and the specifics of their manifestation during the COVID-19 pandemic. It identifies the forms of social media addiction. The paper examines the problem from the perspective of various scientific theories and research schools. In particular, that deals with the theory of social comparison, the theory of symbolic interactionism, the theory of positive reinforcement, the theory of behavioural dependence, the theory of operant conditioning, the theory of attachment, the theory of social construction of technologies (SCOT), the health belief model (HBM). Also, it concerns concepts that study addiction to social networks due to the need for attention and fear of missing out (FOMO) through the analysis of reflective and impulsive cognitive processes and the reward deficiency syndrome (RDS). The main signs of psychological dependence on social networks are identified, including excessive time on the Internet, constant checking, neglect of duties, lack of sleep, social isolation, mood swings, comparison and envy, unsuccessful attempts to reduce online time, negative impact on well-being, secrecy, or defensiveness. Based on the inquiry’s results, several recommendations have been developed to reduce psychological dependence on social media, specifically for black American women, namely digital literacy, prevention, and intervention. Cognitive behavioural therapy, support groups, mobile health apps, etc. are discussed as well.

Application of ChatGPT in “Chinese + Vocational Skills” Education from the Perspective of Interaction Theory

In recent years, driven by globalization and the Belt and Road Initiative, international Chinese education faces an urgent demand to cultivate talents who possess both vocational skills and Chinese communication abilities. The emergence of artificial intelligence technologies, particularly generative pre-trained models like ChatGPT, presents new possibilities for “Chinese + Vocational Skills” education. However, its application encounters challenges such as technological accessibility, data biases, and high user demands. To address these issues, this study, based on interaction theory, explores the prospects of ChatGPT in “Chinese + Vocational Skills” education, along with the challenges and corresponding recommendations. This paper aims to discuss how the application of ChatGPT in vocational Chinese education can bring opportunities for educational digital transformation, effectively enhance education quality, and foster talents capable of meeting global demands.

The ionospheric response during the 2013 stratospheric sudden warming over the East Asia region

During the 2013 SSW, ionospheric disturbances were observed at eighteen stations on three meridional chains of 100°E, 110°E and 120°E ranging from 19.03°N to 49.21°N at latitudes over the East Asia region. The total electron content (TEC) response showed evident semidiurnal disturbances with TEC enhancement in the morning and depletion in the afternoon. The maximum TEC increased by more than 220 % along the 120°E longitude. In addition, the semidiurnal disturbance of the TEC was enhanced and indicated evident latitudinal and longitudinal dependence. The wavelet spectra of semidiurnal disturbance in TEC presented quasi-16-day planetary wave-like oscillations at middle latitudes and quasi-10-day planetary wave-like oscillations near Sanya at low latitudes. Moreover, the zonal winds and meridional winds at altitudes of 92 km and 96 km showed quasi-16-day planetary waves at the Mohe station located at middle latitudes and quasi-10-day planetary waves at the Sanya station located at low latitudes, which maybe relate to the semidiurnal disturbance of the TEC. In particular, the 12hrs oscillation of the TEC showed a quasi-16-day periodic component at middle latitudes and a quasi-10-day periodic component at low latitudes, indicating that the modulated semidiurnal tides may transmit these 10-day and 16-day planetary wave-like oscillations to the ionosphere. The coupling between the atmosphere and ionosphere may be strengthened by quasi-16-day waves at middle latitudes and quasi-10-day waves at low latitudes (near Sanya). This finding can further confirm the PW-tide interaction theory during the 2013 SSW event, and it is of significance in the middle and low latitude ionospheric response to SSW.

Konsep Diri Jurnalis Perempuan (Studi Fenomenologi Tentang Pengalaman Traumatik Jurnalis Perempuan Saat Menjalankan Profesinya)

This research aims to understand how female journalists develop their self-concept after experiencing traumatic events while performing their professional duties. Traumatic experiences include incidents such as invasion of privacy, sexual violence, terror, destruction threats, and verbal abuse. The phenomenon examined in this research is the impact of this experience on self-concept and the actions taken to restore the psychological condition of female journalists. A qualitative approach with phenomenological methods and symbolic interaction theory was employed. In this research, researchers involved 5 (five) female journalist informants using snowball sampling techniques. The finding reveal a variety of responses among female journalists, ranging from self-blame and doubt to positive self-concepts achieved by establishing personal boundaries. The essence of female journalists' responses to traumatic experiences obtained from structural descriptions extracted from narrative textural descriptions resulting from participant interviews is that even though they are faced with challenges and trauma, female journalists show resilience, determination, and a willingness to learn and grow from their experiences. which impacts their affirmation of their profession and personal well-being. This research contributes to the literature by providing a new perspective on the psychological dynamics and professionalism of female journalists in a local context. Apart from that, this research also has practical implications for media organization and government policies regarding the protection of female journalists and support for female journalists in various concrete forms.

C. S. Lewis on Reality and Metaphor. From Myth to History and Back Again

The role of metaphor in understanding reality has been a recurring question in the field of metaphor theory. C. S. Lewis, influential scholar, author, and Christian apologist, presents a compelling perspective on metaphor as a means of understanding reality. This paper explores Lewis’s view on the possibility of speaking about reality through metaphor. By reality, Lewis understands both the physical and the supra-physical world. The first section of this article outlines how, for Lewis, metaphorical language can depict the spiritual or supra-natural world. The second section argues that a good metaphor has a meaning that is given rather than invented and the physical realm functions as a basis to understand the spiritual realm, and that this up-down-up direction of metaphorical expression conveys it most effectively. In the third section, I show how good, meaningful metaphors are true and allow us to make valuable and true statements because they convey reliable knowledge about reality. They also require action, the work of the will towards the good, and encourage stock responses. Section four presents metaphor as a linguistic tool which can unveil a connection between the observable physical world and the non-observable world. Additionally, the article briefly examines the disparities between Lewis’s views and some dominant philosophical trends, as well as two theories of metaphor, the interaction theory and the conceptual theory. The choice of these two theories of metaphor is based on their particular differences with Lewis’s view on two key aspects that are fundamental to the theory of metaphor, namely, meaning and truth.

Community Perceptions About Online Buying Business Through Facebook Social Media

The purpose of this study is to find out how the perception and development of people who do online buying and selling business through social media Facebook. This research method uses qualitative research methods or case studies. This study uses data collection techniques such as interviews, documentation and questionnaires as complementary data. The theory used is the theory of symbolic interactionism. The results of this study indicate that people who do online buying and selling businesses are motivated by opportunities and opportunities to take advantage of their technological and communication advances, then the communication they build through social media Facebook in doing online buying and selling business is very effective and acceptable to the community. As well as the development of creative and innovative communities when doing online buying and selling businesses are able to help people develop their ideas and hobbies, even though they are quite far from the city, this can be seen from people who do online buying and selling businesses are able to understand and use social media Facebook as a business buying and selling online well.

Fanatisme dalam Interaksi Parasosial: Studi Budaya Konsumsi Blink Indonesia dalam Pembelian Merchandise Blackpink di Aplikasi Weverse dan Weverse Shop

This research aims to understand the consumption behavior of Blackpink merchandise by Indonesian BLINKs through the Weverse and Weverse Shop applications. This research method uses a descriptive quasi-qualitative approach to explain fanaticism in BLINK Indonesia's parasocial interactions at Weverse Shop. The theories used include parasocial interaction theory, communication theory via computer-based media (CMC) and new media, as well as uses and gratifications theory. Data collection was carried out through interviews and online document studies with BLINK Indonesia who are active in the Weverse and Weverse Shop applications. The results of this research reveal that BLINK Indonesia develops parasocial interactions that produce fanaticism towards Blackpink, both as fans, admins and buyers at Weverse Shop. The conclusion is that the use of social media, in this case Weverse, has the potential to give rise to fanaticism in purchasing Blackpink merchandise. Keywords: Fanaticism, Computer-Mediated Communication, Parasocial Interaction, Uses And Gratifications, New Media, Weverse Blackpink