Attitude Theory Research Articles

Impacts of Procedural Justice and Ethical Leadership on Organizational Innovation

Drawing on social exchange and reformulation of attitude theories, the research model is proposed to test the interrelationships of ethical leadership, procedural justice, organizational trust, work engagement, and organizational innovation. Organizational trust and work engagement are identified as sequential mediators to explore the relationships between procedural justice, ethical leadership, and organizational innovation. Furthermore, a proactive personality is identified as a moderator for the relationship between work engagement and organizational innovation. This article advances and extends the knowledge of the antecedents of organizational innovation from organizational fairness perspectives and ethical leadership style in the Chinese IT industry.

Less biased yet more defensive: The impact of control processes.

Educational and training programs designed to reduce racial bias often focus on increasing people's awareness of psychological sources of their biases. However, when people learn about their biases, they often respond defensively, which can undermine the effectiveness of antibias interventions and the success of prejudice regulation. Using process (Quad) modeling, we provide one of the first investigations of the relationships between (a) controlled and automatic cognitive processes that underpin performance on the Implicit Association Test and (b) defensive reactions to unflattering implicit racial bias feedback. In two correlational samples (one preregistered; N = 8,000) and one experiment in which the provision of bias feedback was manipulated (N = 547), we find racially biased associations and some control over these associations among White people. Nonetheless, more defensiveness to bias feedback consistently predicted weaker ability to control biased associations. We also find correlational evidence that lower levels of biased associations predict more defensiveness, but did not replicate this observation in the experimental study. These results are critical for theories of implicit attitudes, models of prejudice regulation, and strategies for antibias interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Purchase intentions for cultural heritage products in E-commerce live streaming: An ABC attitude theory analysis

With the increasing popularity of e-commerce live streaming, understanding purchase intentions for cultural heritage products in this context is crucial, prompting the analysis based on the ABC attitude theory. This study investigates how creative products of intangible cultural heritage influence consumers' purchase intentions within the framework of e-commerce live streaming. It further explores the mediating influence of consumer satisfaction in this association, utilizing the ABC attitude theory. The research design encompasses dimensions related to creative products of intangible cultural heritage, e-customer satisfaction, and purchase intention. Confirmatory factor analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) are utilized to examine the research hypotheses. The study reveals that perceived product quality, perceived interactivity, and professionalism among streamer factors, as well as perceived entertainment among scene factors, positively influence consumer satisfaction. Additionally, intangible cultural heritage has a positive effect on consumers' purchase intention toward creative products of intangible cultural heritage. Furthermore, consumer satisfaction serves as a mediating factor in the relationship between perceived product quality, perceived professionalism and interactivity, perceived entertainment, and consumers' purchase intention. This study is limited to creative products of intangible cultural heritage and involved a relatively small sample size. Moreover, certain perceptual dimensions of e-commerce live streaming were excluded from the analysis. Originality/value – This study contributes to the existing literature on the ABC theory by developing a model that examines consumer satisfaction and purchase intention. The model employed in this study integrates perceptual dimensions pertaining to creative products of intangible cultural heritage within the framework of e-commerce live streaming, utilizing the ABC theory. Additionally, this research contributes to addressing a gap in the existing literature by specifically focusing on the category of creative products of intangible cultural heritage within the broader discourse on dimensions in e-commerce live streaming. Thus, this study presents numerous diverse perspectives that can serve as a basis for further research into the integration of e-commerce live streaming and cultural and creative products associated with intangible cultural heritage.

Perceived Value, Place Identity, and Behavioral Intention: An Investigation on the Influence Mechanism of Sustainable Development in Rural Tourism

Rural tourism has been a hot spot in tourism studies in recent years. This research uses Attitude Theory to investigate the influence mechanism of tourists’ perceived value and place identity on their behavioral intention in rural tourism in Zhejiang Province, China. The study adopts the PLS-SEM method to process the data. The results indicate that tourists’ behavioral intention is positively influenced by their perceived value and place identity. Additionally, perceived value has a positive impact on tourists’ place identity, and place identity plays a positive intermediary role between perceived value and behavioral intention. Meanwhile, cultural value is perceived as having the greatest influence on place identity and behavioral intention. Therefore, rural tourist destinations should focus on cultural value and the tourists’ sense of place to promote sustainable rural tourism development.

Attitude of clinical teachers towards the use of innovative technology in teaching and learning in the university of Port Harcourt medical school, South Nigeria

The 21st century has seen a rapid increase in the use of various innovative technologies in pedagogy. The attitude of the clinical teachers affects the use of these innovative technologies in teaching and learning. The aim of this research is to find out the attitude of clinical teachers using “The Tripartite Theory of Attitude” consisting of affective, cognitive, and behavioral domains, to the use of innovative technology. A descriptive survey research design with correlational studies was done with a purposive sampling method used. A 24 item Likert questionnaire was used and distributed using Google Form. The population of the study was made up of clinical teachers in the Faculty of Clinical Sciences University of Port Harcourt. A total of 90 clinical teachers took part in the study comprising of 48 males and 42 females. 23 were professors while 51 were senior lecturers. Analysis showed the overall attitude of clinical teachers to the use of innovative technology in teaching and learning was positive. No significant correlation was seen between gender, cadre, and years of service of the clinical teacher to the use of innovative technology. Thus, incorporation of innovative technology into the classroom should be encouraged as this would aid the clinical teachers in improving learning in the classroom.

Do Parties Matter? Party Positions and European Voters’ Attitudes toward Economic and Political Globalization

Abstract To what extent do party positions influence voters’ attitudes toward the economic and political aspects of globalization? Initially an issue following a left-right dimension of conflict, globalization increasingly divides mainstream from nonmainstream parties. In this study, I argue that parties help citizens form opinions on globalization issues. I then use data on voters’ attitudes and party positions on globalization to test this supply-side theory of globalization attitudes on both economic and political dimensions. Holding demand-side factors such as economic self-interest and predispositions/values constant, I find that party positions strongly affect voters’ views on economic and political globalization, with the effect being similar to that of education. Moreover, I find that the effect of cues from left- and right-populist parties is much more negative than that of mainstream parties, replicating previous elite-level findings on the positioning of these party families. Finally, green party cues show conflicting results for the economic and political dimensions, with green cues affecting voters negatively on economic globalization but positively on political globalization. The findings in this study call for a deeper exploration of the supply-side determinants of globalization attitudes.

Exploring Spanish studio music teachers’ views on topics related to creativity

While creativity is a primary focus in music education, its exploration within the realm of music studio teaching is considerably less extensive compared with other educational contexts. Moreover, the related research is predominantly focused on creativity in developing music skills. In the present study, we explore how Spanish instrumental music teachers ( n = 10) perceive creativity and its development among students in the music studio, in the absence of predefined limitations (i.e., with respect to various forms and definitions of creativity inherent in the music studio as perceived from their viewpoint). By means of a case study methodology, we gathered data over a one-year period through a questionnaire, in-depth interviews, participants’ written essays, and researchers’ journal entries following observations of the participants’ teaching practices. Subsequently, qualitative analysis was conducted using thematic analysis. Among our main results, we found tensions between our participants’ theories and their practices, evidence for an underlying individual-centered theory of creativity, both positive and negative attitudes toward the development of creativity among their students, and ignorance of creativity in music listening. Our study implications emphasize the urgency of implementing strategies to enhance teacher self-awareness and underscore the need for further investigation into music studio teaching with a specific focus on creativity.

Primena teorije stavova za određivanje pristupa bezbednosti korisnika

Mobile phones and internet form a crucial part of modern life, which raises important questions, such as security, data protection and privacy. Countless studies examine what influences users' approaches towards security. The attitude theory gives the basic background to the present study through which the topics of cyber safety and security, data protection and privacy are examined. The three components of attitude, which served as the three pillars of the applied survey, are: (1) the cognitive component (belief and knowledge), (2) the affective component (feelings) and (3) the behavioural component (the effect of the attitude on the users' behaviour). Self-reported security knowledge and feelings about security were assessed, out of which three factors were formed using EFA. The security behaviour of each factor was examined to determine the consistency of the responses. Moreover, the three factors helped to identify three separate clusters. As a conclusion it can be stated that the theory of attitudes can help understanding user security behaviour better. Finally, future research directions are suggested.

The effect of excessive social networking sites on credit overuse behavior through money trust, money anxiety, and money power

The development of social media technology has an impact on the welfare of users but has side effects on communication and behavior when used excessively. Excessive use of social networking sites impacts user behavior in obtaining fast information and sharing information with other users to show their strengths as a personal profile. Data was collected on young adults who made purchases on credit with pay letters as many as 210 users of social media Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube. The analysis used in the study used Partial Least Square version 4. The research data was obtained by distributing questionnaires via Google Forms. The study results show that excessive SNS use influences money attitudes, including money anxiety, trust, and power. The money trust that users have has an impact on money power. Money attitude affects credit application PayLater overuse behavior. The results showed that money trust did not impact increasing credit application PayLater overuse behavior, while money power and money anxiety influenced credit application PayLater overuse behavior. Research makes a practical contribution for SNS users to continue using it reflectively, so it does not interfere with work activities, family relationships, and the responsible use of money. The theoretical contribution enriches the theory of money behavior, e-payment, and money attitude using social media.

How Utilitarian Motivation and Trust Can Increase Intention to Use Based on Functional Attitude Theory

Purpose: This study aims to determine consumers' motivations for using banking and their characteristics as users of banking products and gender. Theoretical Framework: The conceptual framework for this study was formulated through a comprehensive review of the existing literature. This research shows that trust and ideal self-concept have an impact on consumer motivation. Furthermore, gender and banking product category moderate this relationship. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study used a quantitative approach. Purposive sampling was used and tested using structural equation modeling on 295 respondents. Findings: This study shows that utilitarian motivation as a core variable influences ideal self-concept and trust. Thus, the intention to adopt banking products is influenced by the independent variables. In addition, this study found a correlation between multigroup analysis and consumer characteristics, including gender and savings type. Research, Practical & Social implications: The results of this study indicate that subjective well-being negatively affects the intention to use banking products. Thus, further research is expected to use multigroup, single-double consumers for banking products. Companies should use the extensive data systems available and collaborate by interacting directly with consumers regarding what they need and complain about. These answers from consumers can be used by companies to improve their motivation and well-being. Originality/Value: This study tested multiple groups to identify gender differences and the type of banking products consumers use as control variables.

PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PERSONAL ATTITUDE TO DIABETES DISEASE

The peculiarities of the attitude of the individual to the disease and treatment in diabetes mellitus are analyzed in the article. The research is conducted in the frames of a biopsychosocialapproach towards health and disease (G.Engel), V.N.Myasischev’s theory of attitudes. The tutorial “Attitude type towards disease” (L.Vasserman) was used as a research method. At all stages of the development of medical science, there was a violation of the therapeutic order. As early as the Hippocratic era, the problem of loyalty and the patient's lying about taking the drug was an urgent issue. Despite the changes in medical practice and in-depth reforms, the problem of adherence to doctor's recommendations remains relevant even in the current period, over the past decade this direction has become the subject of independent scientific research not only in medical practice but also in clinical psychology.The phenomenon of treatment adherence is consideredin the science of psychology from the side of various approaches, theories, structures, and factors. Hence, there are loyalty models of biomedical, behavioral, communicative, cognitive, and self-management (e.g., L. Myers, K. Evidence, 1998; M.X. Karamyan, 2010). I.E. Leppic gives a broad definition of compliance-basically: it represents the type of patient Hulk, the degree of complability, and the pursuit of purpose. In his views, the scientist includes the patient's taking the medicine on the Hulk, regular visits to the hospital, and proper adherence to the doctor's instructions. The absence of complacency can be explained in a narrow framework as follows: the patient takes the drug in the wrong dose (in very small quantities or overstates), how many times does not follow the procedure of administration and duration, or takes another drug that the doctor does not recommend at all. In particular, the issues of adherence to treatment in diabetes have not been studied by scientists from Uzbekistan. However,B.X. Shagazatova (2004) on the issue of improving the basics of medical social care and treatment-prevention measures, D.I. Ilkhamova (2003) –characteristics of the sex of the age of an individual in cardiovascular diseases, M.X. Karamyan-conducted research on the nature of the value relationship of the attitude to health.An analysis of the work devoted to the attitude to treatment and commitment to therapy shows that, in general, the question of its basis in diabetes mellitus, in the second –of the connection between the commitment to treatment and the motivational –values of the individual is little studied. In other words, despite our understanding of the importance of psychological factors in the constructive formation of the attitude to treatment, research on the dependence of loyalty on individual-motivational characteristics was found in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 sugar diabetes.

Does Orkish Sound Evil? Perception of Fantasy Languages and Their Phonetic and Phonological Characteristics.

Constructed languages, frequently invented to support world-building in fantasy and science fiction genres, are often intended to sound similar to the characteristics of the people who speak them. The aims of this study are (1) to investigate whether some fictional languages, such as Orkish whose speakers are portrayed as villainous, are rated more negatively by listeners than, for example, the Elvish languages, even when they are all produced without emotional involvement in the voice; and (2) to investigate whether the rating results can be related to the sound structure of the languages under investigation. An online rating experiment with three 7-point semantic differential scales was conducted, in which three sentences from each of 12 fictional languages (Neo-Orkish, Quenya, Sindarin, Khuzdul, Adûnaic, Klingon, Vulcan, Atlantean, Dothraki, Na'vi, Kesh, ʕuiʕuid) were rated, spoken by a female and a male speaker. The results from 129 participants indicate that Klingon and Dothraki do indeed sound more unpleasant, evil, and aggressive than the Elvish languages Sindarin and Quenya. Furthermore, this difference in rating is predicted by certain characteristics of the sound structure, such as the percentage of non-German sounds and the percentage of voicing. The implications of these results are discussed in relation to theories of language attitude.

Visitors to national parks show positive attitudes towards recolonising wolves in the Bohemian Forest Ecosystem

Wolves (Canis lupus) are recolonising large swathes of their former European territories after a lengthy absence. This expanding distribution brings wolves to areas of naïve human communities, inflating risks to human-wildlife coexistence. As such, understanding public attitudes and perspectives to wolf return is central to supporting human-wildlife coexistence. Wolves returned to Germany in 2000 and sporadically to Czech Republic in the 1990s, but only few studies have assessed public attitudes. No research from a protected area visitor perspective has been conducted in Europe, despite their importance for outdoor recreation and nature conservation. We conducted face-to-face surveys of visitors, administered by enumerators during 2018–2019 (n = 869) in the Bavarian Forest and Šumava National Parks, which form a transboundary protected area along the German-Czech border, where the first wolves re-established in 2015. Primarily, we applied aspects of attitude theory, focusing on the components of attitudes (ABC Model of Attitudes) to examine support for wolves from national park visitors (locally and nationally) and if the visitors' attitudes towards wolves differ. We found substantial support for wolves recolonising Germany and Czech Republic (84.5 %), and agreement that wolves belong in these national parks (89.6 %). Attitudes varied most by country of residence, with Czech visitors more supportive than Germans. Transboundary management which recognises the human dimensions of large carnivore conservation is crucial to supporting coexistence. We highlight the importance of understanding the diverse sociocultural backgrounds across Europe which may influence attitudes towards wolves, and nature conservation areas to support long-term transboundary management policies, coexistence goals, and education.

ATTITUDES IN THE SONG LYRICS OF OLIVIA RODRIGO’S SOUR ALBUM

This research aims to determine the types of attitudes and their manifestation in Olivia Rodrigo’s Sour album. The data used in this research is song lyrics in the form of phrases, clauses, and sentences. This data was obtained from Olivia Rodrigo’s official account on Spotify. The research method used in this research is descriptive-qualitative. The theory of attitude in this research is from Martin and White. This theory is used to identify the types and the manifestation of attitude in Sour. The results show that three kinds of attitudes (affect, judgment, and appreciation) are applied in the song lyrics. Based on the results, affect is the highest type of attitude found, with 74 frequencies (60.66%). Then, judgment is the second type of attitude that appears a lot with 39 frequencies (31.97%). The last type of attitude is appreciation, appearing at least with 9 frequencies (7.37%). Meanwhile, the manifestation, negative manifestation was the highest with 94 frequencies (77.05%), and the positive manifestation with 28 frequencies (22.95%). Affect is the highest type of attitude found in Sour song lyrics. Since more than 60% of the data is found in the form of expressions of feeling undesired, unhappiness, happiness, dissatisfaction, satisfaction, insecurity, and security. Meanwhile, negative manifestation is the highest type of manifestation found. Since 77% of the data is found in the form of expressions of misery, displeasure, disquiet, undesired, criticism, and condemnation.

Adolescent’s Attitude to Cigarettes and Smoking Behavior in Kota Kretek

Background: Smoking is a negative behavior that should be stopped or, at least, avoided, as it will negatively affect both physical and mental health. Regarding this, one of the factors influencing adolescents to try smoking is their surroundings. In Indonesia, for example, Kudus is a city where kretek cigarette is found; in this city, cigarette companies are established and are running now. Study aims: this study aims to analyze adolescent attitudes to cigarettes and smoking behavior. Method: Research participants were adolescents aged 15-19 from 9 districts in Kudus. The types of schools taken were public schools, schools under the Muhammadiyah Foundation, schools under the Nahdhatul Ulama Foundation, and schools under the PGRI Foundation. Sampling method using quota sampling. Forty-four youths were interviewed in this study. Data collection through an open-ended questionnaire based on attitude theory by Azwar. Data was gathered in January 2022 in this city, and they were analyzed by using descriptive analysis. Result: The result of this study involved several aspects, including cognitive, affective, and conative, as shown by the participants. In this study, cognitive dissonance theory was applied to the young smokers in Kudus. However, behavioral belief also circulates in the community that smoking is acceptable. Conclusion: This research can be a basic description of the condition of adolescents in Kota Kretek from all regions. Further research could be carried out with more specificity, depth and a larger number of young participants in Kota Kretek.

Policy instruments attitudes and support for government responses against Covid‐19

AbstractAn individual's political attitudes have been documented as the most important predictor of acceptance of government measures against the COVID‐19 pandemic. Their effect, however, is somewhat unclear and cannot be reduced to one dimension. In this article, we test whether general attitudes toward policy instruments might, together with left–right orientation, authoritarianism, social liberalism, and attitudes to state intervention, explain attitudes to policy instruments used to combat COVID‐19. The predictiveness of models of attitudes toward three different types of policy instruments to address the COVID‐19 pandemic was tested using a study of Czech university students). We found that individuals' general attitudes toward policy instruments are best measured by posing direct survey questions. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the independent effects of general attitudes toward three different types of policy instruments on attitudes toward specific policy instruments for combating COVID‐19. We found that an individuals' general tendency to prefer an information, regulatory, or economic instrument significantly affects their attitude toward specific policy solutions, even after controlling for political orientation. These results provide novel empirical evidence for the autonomy of policy instruments attitudes (APIA) theory. The general attitudes toward policy instrument types are reflected in individuals' attitudes toward specific policy instruments, such as those used to combat COVID‐19.

Which individual-level factors explain public attitudes toward immigration? a meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Public attitudes toward immigration have attracted much scholarly interest and extensive empirical research in recent years. Despite a sizeable theoretical and empirical literature, no firm conclusions have been drawn regarding the factors affecting immigration opinion. We address this gap through a formal meta-analysis derived from the literature regarding immigration attitudes from the top journals of several social science disciplines in the years 2009–2019 and based on a population of 1185 estimates derived from 144 unique analyses on individual-level factors affecting attitudes to immigration. The meta-analytical findings show that two individual-level characteristics are most significantly associated with attitudes to immigration -- education (positively) and age (negatively). Our results further reveal that the same individual characteristics do not necessarily explain immigration policy attitudes and attitudes toward immigrants' contribution. The findings challenge several conventional micro-level theories of attitudes to immigration. The meta-analysis can inform future research when planning the set of explanatory variables to avoid omitting key determinants.

Effects of biased extrapolation on attitude extremity

AbstractPrevious research has shown that merely thinking about an attitude object can make both positive and negative attitudes more extreme. The present research explored whether a specific type of thought—extrapolating from known to unknown attributes—might make attitudes and behavioural intentions more extreme than reviewing known attributes. In three experiments, extrapolating from a social group's ‘known’ personality traits made positive and negative attitudes and behavioural intentions more extreme than reviewing those traits. This pattern of results occurred whether participants self‐generated extrapolations (Experiment 1) or rated the likelihood of frequently extrapolated traits (Experiment 2). Attitudes were also more extreme after extrapolating traits high versus low in cognitive relevance to known traits, regardless of trait positivity/negativity (Experiment 3). In all three experiments, the effect of biased trait extrapolation on attitude extremity was mediated by more extreme associations with the extrapolated group. The current findings are consistent with attitude theories that emphasize cognitive processes.

Information Security Awareness Raising Strategy Using Fuzzy AHP Method with HAIS-Q and ISO/IEC 27001:2013: A Case Study of XYZ Financial Institution

XYZ financial institution is a government institution that receives and processes transaction reports from banks and remittances, so its data classification is very confidential. However, during the Work from Home (WFH) policy in the Covid-19 pandemic, XYZ financial institution has received many spam/phishing attacks. Hence, this incident shows that some employees need an awareness of information security. The research offers a different Information Security Awareness (ISA) questionnaire using the Human Aspects of the Information Security Questionnaire (HAIS-Q) and ISO/IEC 27001:2013 as focus areas. The research uses the theory of Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior (KAB) to determine the dimensions that need improvement and priority ranking using Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP). Furthermore, the research conducts a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) to explore the root causes of employee behavior. The FGD results show that there are still employees who do not know about information security, such as password combinations and length, so limited knowledge affects employees’ attitudes and behaviors. The research results from 34 respondents show that the employees’ information security awareness level is in the moderate category (78.8%). They still need to increase their awareness of information security, especially in managing passwords, using email and the Internet, and reporting incidents. Recommendations have been prepared to improve the dimensions and areas that have yet to be categorized as good. In the future, the ISA questionnaire is expected to be used in other organizations.

"Influencer-Driven Product Promotions on Social Media" Analyzing the Impact on Youth Consumer Perceptions through Functional Attitude Theory

"Influencer-Driven Product Promotions on Social Media" Analyzing the Impact on Youth Consumer Perceptions through Functional Attitude Theory