Theory Andpractice Research Articles

Prosedur pengembangan media audio visual untuk pembelajaran pencak silat dasar

The results of a survey in the field at the Penjaskesrek Study Program and the Penkepor Study Program of FKIP UNS Surakarta and the Penkepor Study Program of FKIP Tunas Pembangunan University (UTP) Surakarta, showed that lecturers of pencak silat theory and practice (TP) courses still lack learning media. The goal is to produce audio-visual media for basic pencak silat learning in sports colleges. This research is a development research or called the term R & D (Research and Development), which aims to develop audio-visual learning media on basic martial arts learning in sports colleges. Needs analysis research is used to produce learning media products that are in accordance with the needs. The results showed that with the application, students became more interested in learning martial arts and their attitude towards multimedia systems was very open and accepting. In addition, it was also found that students' mastery of martial arts material became better so that it can be concluded that this application is very useful in helping students have good knowledge, skills, and attitudes towards martial arts.

A statistical study of climate change in Ukraine under martial law

The article concentrates on the development of theoretical and methodological foundations of statistical research in the field of national environmental and economic accounting, which forms the basis for the development of indicators of climate change under martial law and shapes the adaptation to these changes. Given Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine, the national statistical system is faced with an urgent task of ensuring the continuity of the production of complete and high quality statistical information. The issue of forming a methodology for the production of statistical information in the field of ecology, i.e. climate change statistics, remains unresolved. Outlining ways to address this issue is an important condition for the improvement of modern state statistics of Ukraine and the development of statistical theory and practice, as this largely determines the quality of the information-related support for environmental management at all levels. The statistical estimation of the dynamics and structure of greenhouse gas emissions on the basis of the economic activity of enterprises was performed. It was pointed out that among the various related branch methods of obtaining information, the system of environmental and economic accounting is the most relevant and source of high quality data. One of the aspects of solving the complex problem of forming methodological bases for collecting statistical environmental information is the creation of a national system of indicators of climate change and preparing statistical informational products using administrative data sources. The paper studies issues of producing ecological information relating to Ukraine according to statistical data. Moreover, the main problems which arise during the construction of national environmental accounts were characterised. Finally, the paper identified the key factors which influence to the largest extent the quality of statistical data and calculations, and which are necessary for the transformation and development of the statistical estimation of climate change under Russian military aggression.

Aesthetics of Power: Architecture, Modernity, and Identity from Siam to Thailand

This is an ambitious and, on the whole,accomplished work that examines with both richnessof detail and conceptual sophistication the politicsof representation in the architecture and urbanspace of Siam/Thailand from the mid nineteenthcentury to the present. Based on a 2003 dissertationat the University of Colorado but updated to includeevents of the last decade, the book is informed bythe author’s knowledge of both architectural theoryand practice as well as of cultural theory andhistoriography. As such, The Aesthetics of Powerrepresents a significant improvement on a previousEnglish-language work with a similar timeframe,Clarence Aasen’s Architecture of Siam: A CulturalHistory (1998), and establishes Koompong Noobanjong’spre-eminence among a new generation ofhistorically-minded architectural historians, which alsoincludes Chatri Prakitnondhakarn, whose Kanmuanglae sangkhom nai silpa satthapatayakam sayamsamai thaiprayuk chatniyom (BE 2547 [2004]) overlapsboth thematically and chronologically with the bookunder review.

The theory of Islamic literature according to Allama Muhammad Iqbal

Iqbal took the lead in the modern era, in alerting the Islamic nation to the need for literature that represents the morals of Islam, in which the Muslim writer is represented in the floods of faith, and drew attention to the absence of this literature in the contemporary cultural heritage. Iqbal’s role was not limited to calling for Islamic literature, but rather he practiced this literature. He presented a model of great ingenuity and magnificence. He was the best ambassador for this literature, as he combined poetic talent, philosophical wisdom, and Islamic belief. With him, Iqbal was and still is the spiritual father of Islamic literature, and the first founder in theory and practice. If there is nothing in contemporary Islamic literature but Iqbal's creations, that is enough. This article presents what manifests the theory of Islamic literature according to Iqbal by reviewing its impact on the emergence of Islamic literature, and his concept of Islamic literature and its function, in addition to revealing the characteristics and aesthetics of Islamic literature in his poetry, after he showed that the term Islamic literature is a relatively recent term that appeared In the fifties of the twentieth century, however, the historical reviews confirm the authenticity of its origins and the firmness of its roots, as well as confirming that it had a role in Islamic civilization in its various fields.

THE FACTORS INFLUENCING RETIREMENT PREPARATION AMONG GEN Y IN MALAYSIA

Preparing for retirement is one of the most important elements of a comfortable post- retirement life. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that influence the preparation towards retirement among Gen Y in Malaysia. In particular, this research investigated the relationship between demographic variables, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, individual differences, and preparation towards retirement. This study used a convenience sampling method and involved Gen Y who are aged between 24 and 41 years old. Questionnaires were used as an instrument in this study. All the data was gathered from 384 respondents through an online survey. The questionnaire included the demographic profile of respondents and variable-related questions. This study uses the TPB as its main overarching theory, as well as life cycle hypothesis, symbolic interaction theory and prospect theory to frame its exploratory conceptual framework that explains the retirement preparation. The structural equation model predicts that attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and individual differences are positively correlated with preparation towards retirement among Gen Y, while demographic variables and subjective norms have no positive correlation. As a result of this study, Gen Y and other parties involved will realize that early preparation is crucial to sustaining after retirement. This research will benefit future researchers, government, insurance industries, and investment companies in gaining a better understanding of the factors that influence the preparation towards retirement. Finally, the article discusses the implications of the study to theory and practice; limitations, and recommendations for future research.

Measuring Inviting School Climate

The present study utilized the Inviting School Survey-Revised (ISS-R) (Smith, 2005b, 2013) based on Invitational Theory andPractice (Purkey & Novak, 2008) to examine the school climate of a public primary school in a low urban socio-economicsetting in Kenya. School climate was defined as the perceptions of primary school teachers and pupils in five areas: People,Places, Processes, Policies, and Programs, based on the Invitational theory and Practice paradigm. Results showed that theoverall school climate of Raduce primary school was inviting in many areas. The current study revealed that in spite of thechallenges facing a public school in an urban low socio-economic setting, it is possible with inviting policies, programs,processes, and people, to realize positive academic achievement with students.

Abbreviations and words at the same time: Acronyms in Serbian

This paper deals with forms like CeSID, RTS and GSP in Serbian, one type of words made by shortening. In spite of the fact that in domestic theory and practice they are traditionally called and considered abbreviations, most of these forms in practice behave as if they were words. Starting from this pragmatic point and main hypothesis that what is involved here are hybrid lexical units, part abbreviations, part words, which therefore should receive a different theoretical and methodological treatment and terminological designation - acronyms, the aim of the present article is to corroborate this basic premise by offering linguistically informed explication and authentic exemplification, from four interconnected angles: (1) twelve questions with answers concerning the status of these forms in the light of their actual behaviour in everyday writing and speech, (2) form- and content-related properties which make these forms abbreviations in one way, words in the other, and which precise properties determine them as acronyms, (3) a pragmatic-functional typology of acronyms, and (4) theoretical, methodological and practical implications of the proposed interpretation of the nature of acronyms.

Painting historiography: Meleko Mokgosi's Democratic Intuition

This interview focuses particularly on Democratic Intuition (2013-20), Meleko Mokgosi's epic, eight-chapter painting cycle, the title of which references Gayatri Spivak's lecture on the necessary relationship between education and democracy. Education, reflection on theory and practice and engagement with young practitioners are all important parts of Mokgosi's work. The interview discusses the way the chapter format of Democratic Intuition is influenced by film processes, and the research and critical analysis on which his work is based; this includes historiography; the western genre of history painting; narrative tropes and the work of Hayden White; and painting techniques that more accurately construct Black skin tones. It also discusses discourses of race and assumptions about whiteness in the western canon; and whether there is a possibility for the Black subject to inhabit allegorical representational space without being overdetermined by histories of Blackness and race discourse. Stuart Hall's work has been important to Mokgosi because of its analysis of the complexities of the discourses within which cultural production and consumption is located. This has been helpful for reflecting on the location of the western art tradition within discourses of the Enlightenment and western humanism, which provide specific rules of circulation and consumption, and structures of authority. Such discourses assume that the viewer has the necessary tools or literacies to read in order to arrive at the meanings proposed in cultural objects. Mokgosi is engaged in continuous reflection on the extent to which, in spite of this, he, as a particular subject from Botswana, has managed to locate meaning within the narrow practice of painting.

ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНИХ ПЕРЕКОНАНЬ МАЙБУТНІХ ВИКЛАДАЧІВ ХОРЕОГРАФІЇ У ПРОЦЕСІ ОВОЛОДІННЯ МЕТОДИКОЮ РОБОТИ З ХОРЕОГРАФІЧНИМ КОЛЕКТИВОМ

The tasks set for modern institutions of higher education require significant changes in the professional training of future teachers of choreographic disciplines. This is the reorientation of art and pedagogical education on the priority development of students’ personality. An important place in this process is occupied by the formation of professional beliefs of future teachers, which testify to the maturity of the young person, the presence of his psychological readiness for teaching and act as a significative of the level of spiritual development. The content of higher pedagogical education should ensure penetration into the essence of a certain pedagogical phenomenon; to strengthen the role of theoretical concepts and ideas. Professional training of the future teacher-choreographer involves the assimilation of professional methodological knowledge and mastery of skills and abilities that will be used in future pedagogical activities. The future teacher must understand the way to acquire this knowledge and skills, to master the principles and methods of cognition of the theoryand practice of their pedagogical activity. The study of the discipline «Methods of working with choreographic team» contributes to the formation of students’ professional beliefs, as it fills learning with content that provides deep insight into the essence of a particular pedagogical phenomenon, causes them tocritically comprehend educational material, stimulates evaluation of choreographic art, activates their own judgments of future teachers of choreography, forms a motivational attitude to the profession, creates opportunities for independent proof of the truth of methodological provisions on the basis of general scientific and professional knowledge, evokes feelings of faith in the truth of this knowledge.

Andragogy: Theory and Practice of Adult Education Development in Ukraine

At this point, there are no systematic studies on the problems of adult education as a field of scientific and theoretical elaboration and its transformation in andragogy in Ukraine. The article aims to conduct a holistic and systematic analysis of establishing and developing andragogy as a theory and practice of adult education in Ukraine between the late 19th century - the 20th century to use the positive historical experience in modern andragogy. The article justifies the periodization of andragogy development in Ukraine (the 1850s-1917 - the emergence of theory and practice of adult learning in the context of developing adult education as a form of social and educational movement and out-of-school education; 1918-1940 - the establishment of scientific principles of adult learning in the system of illiteracy elimination and political education; the 1950s-1980s - the scientific elaboration of andragogical problems in the light of the Soviet concept of adult pedagogy; the 1990s - the early 21st century - the development of andragogy as a science, academic subject, social practice). The periodization of andragogy development in Ukraine has made it possible to identify the system-forming processes in adult education at the level of structural and organizational forms. A historiographical analysis of the problem under study shows that Ukrainian scholars pay much attention to adult education as a socio-cultural phenomenon with deep historical traditions and heritage. Despite the growing interest of scholars in this particular problem, the term “andragogy” is not commonly used in the context of their research. At the same time, almost all authors are interested in the theory and practice of adult learning.

Theses on Translation: An Organon for the Current Moment

The theses offer a general theory of translation that encompasses the relation between theoryand practice and the different models of translation that generate theoretical concepts likeequivalence and ethics. The instrumental model that understands translation as a reproduction or transfer of a source-text invariant is critiqued, whereas a hermeneutic model that understands translation as an interpretation that varies the source text is advanced. Verbal choices are treated as interpretive moves that vary a range of textual features according to factors that are drawn decisively from the receiving culture where they are arranged in hierarchies of value. The interpretive act performed by translation is informed by global cultural hierarchies in which value is distributed unevenly across major and minor languages, redefining the ethical and political stakes of a translation project.

Theses on Translation: An Organon for the Current Moment

The theses offer a general theory of translation that encompasses the relation between theoryand practice and the different models of translation that generate theoretical concepts likeequivalence and ethics. The instrumental model that understands translation as a reproduction or transfer of a source-text invariant is critiqued, whereas a hermeneutic model that understands translation as an interpretation that varies the source text is advanced. Verbal choices are treated as interpretive moves that vary a range of textual features according to factors that are drawn decisively from the receiving culture where they are arranged in hierarchies of value. The interpretive act performed by translation is informed by global cultural hierarchies in which value is distributed unevenly across major and minor languages, redefining the ethical and political stakes of a translation project.

Gaps Between Theory and Practice: Novice Teachers’ Perspectives

This study aimed to explore the novice teachers’ perception of gaps between theory andpractice. Novice teachers’ perceptions were further explored based on teachers’ gender. The surveymethod was used to collect the data. A questionnaire was developed by the researcher consisted of 39items with 5 points Likert rating scale to collect data from randomly selected 600 teachers includingmale and female. The data were analyzed by using the mean, standard deviation, and percentage ofeach five points of the Likert rating scale. The results revealed that most novice teachers were applyingtheir learned theory in their practice regarding lesson planning & delivery, classroom management,and students’ active involvement. They were not only willing to but also were applying learned theoriesin their practice. It also came into the knowledge that there were fewer gaps between novice teachers’theory and practice. It is recommended by the researchers suggested that these pre-service trainingcenters should develop a strong and viable link to make the theory more practical, operational and upto-date

(TRANS)FORMAÇÕES DO PROFESSOR NO CONTEXTO DA ESCOLA DE EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA TEORIA HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL

The complexity of the autism spectrum disorder has mobilized the teaching profession in the school context. So, it is necessary to reflect on teacher training to deal with the teaching of students with that diagnosis. This paper, which is the result of a master's research carried out in a special education school located in a country town in the state of São Paulo, aims to discuss how the teacher, who becomes a researcher of his own practice, articulates the relationships between the cultural-historical theoretical framework and the pedagogical practice. The participants were the teacher, graduated in Pedagogy with a Masters Degree in Education, and his student with autism spectrum disorder. During the school year, the teacher recorded his classes on video, which waslater transcribed. When basing his practice on the aforementioned theory, he started to consider activities that favored the student's immersion in the symbolic sphere, having as a primordial element, the role of sign language. The microgenetic analyzes show evidence that: 1. the change in teaching practice was a (in) tense process; 2. the comings and goings of the transformation process reveal the tensions between the appropriation of a theoretical framework and the way of carrying out the pedagogical practice; 3. the production of pedagogical knowledge comes from the movement between theory andpractice.

Taxation in the digital economy

The digital economy is increasingly replacing the everyday economy. The continued rapid pace oftechnology development and its use in business presents exciting opportunities for entrepreneurs andchallenges for tax authorities. In the digital economy, traditional correspondences, dependencies, andproportions inherent in the industrial-market economy are no longer effective. Traditional methods ofregulation in the new economy are no longer effective, especially in the field of taxation. We need newtax rules that take into account the specifics of the technologies used. The rules should reflect the useof virtual currencies, digital goods, classification and taxation principles. The purpose of the study isto identify the main problems in the taxation of the digital economy and ways to solve them based onforeign experience. The scientific significance of the research is based on the study of the theory andpractice of taxation in the field of digital economy. The practical significance of the research is justifiedby the possibility of using the research materials for further assessment and solution of taxation problemsin the digital economy. The research in the article was carried out on the basis of information frominternational and public organizations, scientific works of foreign scientists. Such research methods asanalysis, analogy, abstraction and concretization were used. Key words: digital economy, taxation, cryptocurrency, transfer pricing, the “arm’s length” principle.

Balancing Academia with Clinical Proficiency in the Training of Nurses at the University Level: The Case of Ghana

Background: At the University level, the preparation of student nurses involves acquisition of theoreticalknowledge and clinical practice, when this is done well, it can serve as a double-edged sword for blendingtheory and practice. We explored the ability, role, and experiences of nurse academics in balancing theoryand practice in training nurses.Method: Using exploratory research with methodical triangulation design, data were collected from nursinglecturers and student nurses using interviews, questionnaires, and focus group discussions.Conclusion: Findings indicate that clinical practice is recognized by lecturers and students as an importantmeasure for enhancing theoretical preparation of nursing students. University academic calendar does notfavor inclusion of clinical practice, thus, balancing theory with clinical practice is difficult. University nurseeducators in Ghana are obligated to blend theory and practice. However, challenges are encountered indoing so. Curricula for nursing education should be designed to be autonomous to place priority on clinicalpractice. The Nursing and Midwifery Council of Ghana should also put monitoring mechanisms in place toensure clinical practice competencies of nursing lecturers.

Refleksivni dijalog s tekstom: tumačenje lirike nakon (post)strukturalizma

A REFLEXIVE DIALOG WITH THE TEXT: INTERPRETATION OF POETRY AFTER (POST)STRUCTURALISM Starting from theoretical concepts of reading and understanding of literature, this paper deals with actual problems of interpretation of poetry after structuralism and poststructuralism. After brief insight into the phenomenological theory and practice (H. G. Gadamer, W. Kayser, E. Steiger) as the key impulse to modern interpretation approach, first part of the paper consists of a historical survey of production-construction and reception-lecturer paradigms and their main representatives (R. Jakobson, M. Riffaterre, T. S. Eliot, H. Bloom, H. R. Jauss, J. Derrida, P. De Man, S. Fisch). The paper proposes dialogical theory (M. Bakhtin, P. Zima) and reflexive identity of reading/interpretation (T. Brajović) as suitable critical concepts for a contemporary approach to interpreting poetry. Accordingly, theoretical constructs of the lyrical dominant and interpretative focus are suggested as the methodological tools, which are, then, applied to the interpretation of two canonical modern Croatian poems – “Svakidašnja jadikovka”/“Everyday Lament” by Tin Ujević, and “Mrtvac”/“The Dead Man” by Vladimir Vidrić. Keywords: reading, understanding, interpretation, dialogical theory, reflexivity, lyrical dominant, interpretative focus

Extracurricular sport: objectives and perceptions of future physical education teachers

Despite the undeniable educational potential of extracurricular sport, the individual and social values attributed to them are not inherent in its practice. It is educators, whose attitudes, disposition and personal vision of extracurricular sport determine how it is implemented. For this reason, this study analysed the opinions and perceptions of future physical education specialists about the objectives of extracurricular sports, with the aim of identifying the main shortcomings and divergences between theory and practice. Three hundred and twenty-eight students of physical education from three different degree programmes, 104 women and 221 men, aged between 17 and 38 years, were surveyed. Although the majority of students considered socialising, educating in values, inclusion, developing motor skills and promoting healthy habits to be fundamental objectives of extracurricular sport, a high percentage of students recognised the importance of values related to competitiveness. It was also found that the students´ academic training was associated with their view of extracurricular sport. A discrepancy between the ideal goals of extracurricular sport and those underlying current practice was perceived by the students. It was concluded that it is essential to improve the training of those agents who interact directly with children in order to transform extracurricular sport to guarantee its contribution to children´s holistic development and a thorough education in values.

Fragmented boundary zones between theory and practice in preschool teacher education in Sweden

Research dealing with preschool teacher education has been, for a long time, criticalof a binary divide between theory and practice. Based on that issue, this studyinvestigates a preschool teacher education programme in Sweden. It focusses onreflection upon theory and practice as an affordance offered to students in studies andwork. The study used a questionnaire with two groups: campus studentsfollowing the regular programme and students who were nurses already working atpreschools. Analysis shows a fragmented education where the groups faced differentproblems, but also that neither of them could connect reflections on theory andpractice at the workplace to their own learning approaches in either studies orworking matters. How the students experienced affordances depended on theireducational skills and knowledge, and the programme relied mostly on individualreflection as the solution to the binary divide. This reliance seemed to work better forcampus students, who were challenged by the new environmental affordances. Thestudents in the field-based programme were close to the preschools’ pedagogicalmicro-practice, which limited the possibility for critical reflection on theory andpractice and its contextual conditions, especially for students who were nurses.Workplace routines seem to structure the students’ learning instead.

NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE EDUCATIONAL IDEAS OF JADIDISM

The philosophy of education, which was formed in Turkestan in the late 19th - early 20th centuries, is interpreted as an area of research that analyzes the national pedagogical activity and educational foundations of these modern educators, its goals and ideals, the methodology of pedagogical knowledge, methods of creating a new Russian school system. Thus, it can be said with confidence that the philosophy of education, as an area that has a socioinstitutional form during this period, reflected the goals and objectives of the educational program of the Jadids. We know that during the formation of the Jadid Enlightenment, special studies of the philosophy of education were carried out, first in the United States and then in Europe. However, even before that, a separate philosophical system for the philosophy of education was created by such philosophers as Plato, Aristotle, Jan Amos Comenius, Locke, Herbart. In general, the philosophy of education is understood as an area of philosophical knowledge that has a subject of study. Philosophy of education as a science originated at the beginning of the 20th century. The founder of the philosophy of education in the world is the Anglo-American philosopher John Dewey. Today, in English-speaking countries, the philosophy of education has become a discipline with the status of a subject offered by individual faculties of universities. Thus, this chapter is devoted to the analysis of philosophical problems associated with the theory and practice of education of the Jadids, their approach to the problems of education, description, and reflection of the educational system of that period, its goals and levels, since the entire period of philosophical development is closely related to the ideas of the enlightenment. This chapter also presents a conceptual analysis of the educational organization and gender issues in Turkestan schools of the “new method”. For the Jadids, Islam was a way to get rid of ignorance, a means to achieve spiritual perfection. In Turkestan, the main goal is to build a secular state based on universal ideas, governed by Parlament. In particular, we see this in the process of political efforts to create a “national autonomy of Turkestan autonomy.” The changing nature of the Jadid movement is also characterized by an emphasis on education. This was due to the idea of the Jadid enlighteners to follow the Turkish, Tatar, and Azerbaijani intellectual world, as well as the desire to learn about Western European enlightenment.