Symbolic Theory Research Articles

Victor Turner's Theory of Symbols: The Symbolism of a Religious Site and Object in a Rural Environment in Eastern Slovakia

This article is dedicated to the symbolism of a religious site (the church) and a religious object (the cross) in Christianity in a concrete locality and community. The study was based on Victor Turner’s theory of ritual and symbols. I used Turner’s definitions and classification of symbols as well as his theses related to rituals. My aim was to demonstrate that the church and the cross can be categorized as dominant symbols in Christianity, even though they besr distinct characteristics of dominant symbols. The data analyzed in the present text were collected by the ethnographic interview and participant observation methods during ethnographic field research. The research was conducted in eastern Slovakia, in a village in which the majority of resident are affiliated with the Greek-Catholic faith. Building on the analysis of ethnographic data, I will demonstrate the strenghts and weaknesses of Turner's theory of symbols. During the analysis, I will suggest possible answers, stemming mainly from cognitive anthropology, for certain questions left unanswered by Turner.

Semiotics Analysis of Forget Me not A Film Directed by Kei Horie Using Roland Barthes’ Theory

Semiotics is the theory and study of signs and symbols, especially as elements of language or other systems of communication which include traffic signs, emojis, and emoticons used in electronic communication, and logos and brands used by international corporations to sell us things—"brand loyalty," they call it. This research is about semiotic analysis that presents the result from the research of signs in a film. The data the signs in Forget Me Not film that was downloaded from youtube.com. This research uses the semiotics theory of Roland Barthes that discusses the denotative meaning and the connotative meaning. The writer also used an online dictionary to find the definition. This is a qualitative research paper. The writer found the denotative meaning of a necklace is a jewelry with pendant. The connotative meaning of a necklace is to strengthen the relationship. The denotative meaning of a video showing living things to keep precious memories. It denotes that a picture is a thing that is based on an object. The writer concludes that the last connotative meaning of a picture is documenting the story

IMAGES OF PRE-THUNDER AND THUNDERSTORMS IN THE NOVEL OF F. M. DOSTOEVSKY “THE IDIOT”: PSYCHOLOGICAL PARALLELISM, SYMBOLISM AND POLYPHONY

The article examines the artistic features of the image of a thunderstorm in Dostoevsky‟s novel “The Idiot.” The theory of symbol developed by A. Losev and S. Averintsev, the idea of psychological parallelism in a literary text studied by A. Veselovsky and the theory of the polyphonic novel by M. Bakhtin were used as a methodological basis. A significant part of the article is devoted to the poetics and symbolism of the pre-storm landscape in St. Petersburg and the peculiarities of describing the inner state of Prince Myshkin. The relevance of the work is determined by the importance of considering the philosophical and aesthetic nature of the landscape (including urban landscape) in the writer‟s polyphonic novels, in particular, in “The Idiot.” Dostoevsky‟s landscapes fully reveal the spiritual and moral-philosophical facets of the author‟s worldview and his characters. This is especially true of the pre-thunder and thunderstorm description of nature in the novel. They are subtly coupled with the image of Myshkin‟s psychological state before an epileptic seizure. The pictorial power of Dostoevsky‟s artistic word in this episode often attracted researchers, but it did not become the subject of a detailed consideration. That is why a detailed analysis of chapters 2-5 of part II of the novel, in which the thunderstorm, the experiences and thoughts of the main character are outlined, was claimed by us as the main purpose of this article. To achieve the study‟s goal, we used the following methods: a) systematic analyses, combining historical-literary and theoretical-literary approaches; b) structural analyses, combining the semantics, poetics of the artistic word and the concept of culture and literature as a focus of signs and symbols; as well as the methods of observation, description, contextual analysis, analysis of the unity of form and content. The conclusions of the study allow us to use the terminological combination of A. Veselovsky “psychological parallelism” in relation to the analysis of the thunderstorm episode and the description of Myshkin‟s seizure. It is proved that the polyphonic instrumentation permeates both the content and the form of Dostoevsky‟s text, and the symbolism of the fragment of the pre-storm and thunderstorm is extremely multi-layered.

Dis-Cover AI Minds to Preserve Human Knowledge

Modern AI technologies make use of statistical learners that lead to self-empiricist logic, which, unlike human minds, use learned non-symbolic representations. Nevertheless, it seems that it is not the right way to progress in AI. The structure of symbols—the operations by which the intellectual solution is realized—and the search for strategic reference points evoke important issues in the analysis of AI. Studying how knowledge can be represented through methods of theoretical generalization and empirical observation is only the latest step in a long process of evolution. For many years, humans, seeing language as innate, have carried out symbolic theories. Everything seems to have skipped ahead with the advent of Machine Learning. In this paper, after a long analysis of history, the rule-based and the learning-based vision, we would investigate the syntax as possible meeting point between the different learning theories. Finally, we propose a new vision of knowledge in AI models based on a combination of rules, learning, and human knowledge.

Symbolic Communication of Tourism Images in Soap Opera Televisions

Tourism in Bali is growing so rapidly that it continues to increase every year. The increasing number of foreign and domestic tourist arrivals leads to an increase in domestic services and promotions. Arief Yahya assessed that film had become a useful medium and contributed greatly to promoting Indonesian tourism. The aim of this research is to know how soap opera and film could be used as a means of promotion to know about Tourism in Bali and other state problems: (1) How Broadcasting as a mass communication activity functions as a medium of information, education, entertainment, health, control and social control; (2) How to carry out the function of soap opera and film as a means of promoting Tourism inBali;(3), How broadcasting also has economic and cultural functions. Theory and Method: Symbolic Theory and Method use perception and qualitative analysis which explore by watching the eat, pray, and love films and some soap operas whose shooting take place in Bali. They can serve as a reference for the industrial world to make films that can inspire audiences to come to the place or location of the film, and also a reference for tourists who would come to Bali.

Simbolisme Tradisi Pecah Kuali di Dusun Watugandu Kabupaten Semarang

Abstract
 The tradition of pecah kuali is a unique tradition, it means that this tradition only exists in Dusun Watugandu, Kec. Sumowono, Kab. Semarang. This pecah kuali tradition is still carried out today, but the traditional actors or the supporting community do not understand the symbolic form and meaning in the tradition of pecah kuali. The problems studied are: (1) what is the form of the tradition of pecah kuali in Dusun Watugandu, Kab. Semarang, (2) what is the symbolic meaning in the tradition of pecah kuali in Duwun Watugandu, Kab. Semarang. This research aims to describe form and meaning of the symbols in this tradition of pecah kuali.
 The theory used as the basis is the theory of symbols. So, the approach used is phenomenology approach. method through observation, interview, and documentation. Data analysis using content analysis techniques. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis using content analysis techniques.
 This study shows that the forms of the pecah kuali tradition is eclipse prayer, hiding, pecah kuali ritual, and pamongan, so the tradition of pecah kuali is partly verbal folklore. The symbolic meaning contained in the tradition of pecah kuali is found in the ubarampe used, namely the symbol of ease of delivery, refusal of balak, protection of the fetus, existence, closeness, democracy, and blessing. So the meaning of the symbols in this tradition of pecah kuali is a form of human relationship with God, with nature, and with each other. plea for salvation, forgiveness, and thanksgiving to Allah SWT for all blessings. The meaning of the symbols in this tradition of pecah kuali as a medium or intermediary in his religion, as well as to show the existence of his culture.
 Keywords: simbolism, tradition, tradition of pecah kuali

Ritual Wong-wongan Sebagai Upaya Masyarakat Bali dalam menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 (Analisis Teori Simbol dalam Pendekatan Antropologi)

Amidst the pandemic, the Indonesian government has issued some regulations to reduce the transmission of Covid-19. At the same time, there are rituals from various regions that are believed to be a method to ward off threats, calamities, or diseases. In this study, the author examines a ritual known as Wong-wongan, which is performed by the Balinese to deal with the pandemic. The researcher conducted a qualitative study, which is library research with books and other literature as the primary object. The result of this discussion is that it is called wong-wongan rice because this ritual provides offerings that are placed in the yard of the house's entry in a cooked form, specifically rice in the shape of wong-wongan (people). This offering also includes a variety of additional ingredients, including onions, ginger, salt, and prickly pandan leaves, which are some of the symbols of weapons used to ward off evil. Everything is arranged on the tip of a banana leaf sheet. With tools or materials, as well as other symbols that reflect certain characteristics in this ceremony, it provides an understanding in the Anthropological approach, specifically on the symbol theory provided by various anthropologists such as Raymond Firth, Geertz, and others. According to Geertz, the analysis of rituals, traditions, and ceremonies in any form carried out by the Balinese people, or those outsides of them, is not just a set of values whose place is outside of humans, but also a system of knowledge and a system of symbols that permits meaning to exist. A symbol can transform knowledge into value and value into knowledge.

PEMBENTUKAN KONSEP DIRI SATUAN PASPAMPRES RI

The results showed that individual PASPAMPRES personnel have thoughts and self-assessment of quality and are superior, have a favorable opportunity for promotion compared to other unit personnel. This study aims to determine how the formation of self-concept in the personnel of the PASPAMPRES unit based on the situation and facts where PASPAMPRES is an elite unit containing selected and qualified soldiers who have certain skills and privileges to be able to carry out Presidential VVIP security duties. A strict personnel admission selection where not all TNI soldiers can pass and have the desired qualifications make PASPAMPRES personnel called superior and elected personnel. The reason this research was conducted was to find out how this situation had its own impact on the self-concept of the selected PASPAMPRES personnel. The theory used is the Symbolic Interactionism theory by George Herbert Mead, Self-Concept and Group Thought Theory. This research methodology uses a constructivism paradigm with a qualitative approach and data collection techniques using interviews. The focus of this research focuses on how the mind, self, and society as well as the climate of the PASPAMPRES unit can influence the formation of personnel self-concept.

The 22nd Convention of the Media Ecology Association

The 22nd Convention of the Media Ecology Association

Do masks matter? Consumer perceptions of social media influencers who wear face masks amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

The rapid spread of COVID‐19 brought about an increased use of face masks among the general public. Focusing on disposable surgical masks in particular, this article examines consumer perceptions of and intentions toward social media influencers who wear such masks amid the pandemic. Drawing on the theory of product symbolism, this research experimentally demonstrates that masked (vs. unmasked) influencers remind consumers of highly competent healthcare professionals, leading in turn to greater competence inferences about and more favorable behavioral intentions toward these influencers. Additional analysis demonstrates that this effect might not hold for other groups of professionals who are considered relatively competent at the outset and/or whose profession is less reliant on external cues. Overall, this research suggests that apart from curtailing the spread of the pandemic, mask wearing might prove beneficial to certain groups of professionals, such as social media influencers, who have traditionally struggled to establish credibility. In a broader context, this research establishes mask wearing as a new form of nonverbal communication that warrants further examination.

THE APPLICATION OF THE SEMIOTICS OF QUR’AN TOWARD THE STORY OF THE CHOSEN SERVANTS IN SURAH MARYAM

This study elaborates the application of semiotic theory in Surah Maryam (Maryam). This study is library research. The library research was conducted through various literature studies related to the problem investigated. The approach used is a semiotic approach. The data sources are divided into two; primary and secondary data. The primary data source is the Qur'an (surah Maryam) and the secondary data sources are books of interpretation, semiotics and linguistics. The data collection is done by quoting, adapting, and analyzing the representative literature and relevant to the problems discussed, then reviewing and concluding. The study results showed three forms of semiotic application in Surah Maryam: first, semiotics of significance from Ferdinand de Saussure's (synchronic-diachronic theory). Second, semiotics of communication from Charles S. Peirce's includes iconic, indexical, and symbolic theories. Third, connotative semiotics from Roland Barthes' which consists of denotative meaning and connotative meaning. This study implies that the semiotic reading of the Qur’an prioritizes the interpretation of the text in a synchronic and diachronic, denotative and connotative way. Hopefully, by this reading, religious and Islamic moderation could be achieved.

Why Can Green Social Responsibility Drive Agricultural Technology Manufacturing Company to Do Good Things? A Novel Adoption Model of Environmental Strategy

The present research proposes the hierarchical linear modeling model (HLM) that describe how green social responsibility (GSR) predict the environmental strategy (ES) of agricultural technology manufacturing companies by the intermediary effects of the supervisor’s green promise (GP) based on symbolic context theory. This study collected data with 150 supervisors from 50 different agricultural technology companies in Taiwan to analyze the HLM. The results suggest that vendors of agricultural technology companies should establish GSR to increase GP, which consequently can increase the companies’ adoption of the ES. It is now the first to establish a milestone, propose a novel adoption model—GP and its antecedents through the HLM to predict the adoption of ES. These findings can upgrade the related literature of agriculture and can provide the procedure in implementing ES in agricultural technology companies.

Symbolic Convergence or Divergence? Making Sense of (the Rhetorical) Senses of a University-Wide Organizational Change.

This research investigates the extent to which organizational change initiatives may lead to divergent patterns of sensemaking among organizational members. Drawing on the symbolic convergence theory, we performed an in-depth fantasy theme analysis of organization members’ rhetoric around an organizational change at a private university. Our analysis uncovers six fantasy themes and two corresponding fantasy types, which lead to no rhetorical vision. The lack of cognitive convergence between change initiators and change recipients suggests the inherent incompatibility between managerial and employee fantasies around organizational change, barring the exceptions of dual-responsibility change recipients (e.g., faculty members who also assume administrative responsibilities), who tend to adopt the change initiator rhetoric. Overall, this study informs our extant knowledge of change sensemaking with novel theoretical and methodological insights and bears implications for organizational change researchers and practitioners alike.

Inheritance and development of national elements in contemporary Chinese, American and Russian oil paintings

When speaking of semiosis of the visual art it is worth noting that it can be considered also in the aspect of semantics, which studies relation of sign elements to the world. Semantic side of an image is related to theory of art content, meaning of creation, spirituality, in particular, the symbol theory. Together with forming the idea of painting as a source of literature data and accordingly understanding of a painting in traditional literature paradigm as source of learning the outside world. The authors of the article demonstrate solidarity of oil painting in the stylistic understanding of the integrity of the image perception through the method of knowledge. In particular, the connection between figurativeness and semeiotics, which arises in the process of painting learning on the basis of literature researching and forming of artistic taste. In the article, it is shown that development of figurativeness in art should be based on art methods, in which literature is defined. Authors clarify that this is the main difference between Chinese painting and similar cultural forms. Practical application of research may be: to form educational programs and develop in integral image of artistic development.

Eksistensi Drama Tari Gambuh di Desa Adat Pedungan, Kelurahan Pedungan, Kecamatan Denpasar Selatan

The dance drama gambuh is a performing art in the form of total theater. In addition to the dominant elements of dance, there are also elements of other arts such as percussion, literary arts, vocal / dialogue arts, fine arts, and make-up that are harmoniously integrated and beautiful. The dance drama gambuh has become a sacred dance in Pedungan Traditional Village, Pedungan Village. Currently the development of the dance drama gambuh is no longer a foreign art among teenagers, this is evidenced by the high interest of teenagers who want to dance this dance when it is performed at temples and at Balinese art parties. Thedance drama gambuh has succeeded in introducing its dance outside the province and even abroad to be precise in Germany. Thus this research formulates the following problems, (1) the existence of the dance drama gambuh in Pedungan Traditional Village, Pedungan Village and (2) the meaning of the dance drama performance gambuh in Pedungan Traditional Village, Pedungan Village. This research uses the structural functional theory from Radcliffe-Brown, the symbolic interpretive theory from Clifford Geertz, and the theory of the meaning of symbols proposed by Victor Turner. These three theories are used because they have a relationship in the dance drama gambuh. The data collection technique starts with the informant determination technique, the observation technique, and the interview technique. This dance drama performance gambuh has meanings contained in the story such as religious meaning, aesthetic meaning, socio-cultural meaning, education meaning, and identity meaning. The results of this study reveal that the dance drama gambuh still exists among children, adolescents, and adults. With the establishment of the Kerta Jaya studio, which was built by I Kadek Sudiarta dance drama gambuh this can be introduced to children as the next generation so that dance drama gambuh this doesn’t disappear. The dance drama gambuh has also become an identity in Pedungan Village.

‘Suddenly the bone snapped in two’: Freud, fantasy, and Taran Wanderer

ABSTRACT Lloyd Alexander’s Chronicles of Prydain have garnered both critical interest and popular acclaim. Notably, the fourth book of the cycle, Taran Wanderer, is strikingly different from its predecessors, shedding much of the trappings of high fantasy for a simple bildungsroman. This paper examines the text, using Freud’s theories of symbolism, the family romance and the Oedipal conflict, to elucidate Taran’s underlying psychology and to show how the character’s unconscious motivations, molded by his identity as a foundling, drive the narrative. Finally, by applying insights gained from reader-response theory, this paper considers why Taran Wanderer, and adolescent fantasy literature more broadly, resonates so strongly with readers.

Review: Petition for a Manifesto for Rooting and Liberating Arab Sociology [Mishkat Mithaq Ta’sseel wa Tahrir ‘Ilm al Ijtima‘a al ‘Arabi], by Mahmoud Al Dhaouadi

Review: <i>Petition for a Manifesto for Rooting and Liberating Arab Sociology [Mishkat Mithaq Ta’sseel wa Tahrir ‘Ilm al Ijtima‘a al ‘Arabi]</i>, by Mahmoud Al Dhaouadi

The Medallion Design on Gravestones in Palembang

The Islamic tombs in Palembang date from the 16th-20th century AD. Some of the tombs in Palembang are plain and some have decorations. Ornaments are affixed to the jirat and tombstones. The ornaments found on the headstones include medallions. The medallion ornaments vary in shape and are commonly found in temple buildings in Java in the 9th-16th centuries AD. The medallion decorative motifs in Palembang are found on Islamic tombs from the time of the Palembang Darussalam Sultanate. The medallion decorative motifs found are varied and interesting to study from the similarities and differences with those in Java, as well as the reasons for the emergence of these similarities and differences. Based on these two problems, this paper aims to identify the forms of medallion decoration, similarities, and differences, as well as the background to the similarities and differences in the medallion decorations in Palembang and Java. To answer these two problems, archaeological research methods were used by describing the ornamental variety and identifying its diversity. After that, it was analyzed qualitatively using symbolic theory. The results of the study show that the similarities in the decorations are due to the historical relationship between Palembang and the Majapahit and Demak kingdoms in Java. The difference in the medallion decoration is caused by the creativity factor of Palembang artists.

How to express evolution in English Pokémon names

Abstract This article contributes to the studies of sound symbolism, systematic relationships between sounds and meanings. Specifically, we build on a series of studies conducted within a research paradigm called “Pokémonastics,” which uses the Pokémon universe to explore sound symbolic patterns. Inspired by a study of existing English Pokémon names, two experiments were conducted in which English speakers were provided with pairs of pre-evolution and post-evolution Pokémon characters, the latter of which were larger. The participants were given two name choices whose members were systematically different in some phonological properties. The results show the following sound symbolic patterns to be productive: (1) names with higher segment counts are more likely to be associated with post-evolution characters than names with lower segment counts, (2) names containing [a] are more likely to be associated with post-evolution characters than names containing [i], (3) names containing [u] are more likely to be associated with post-evolution characters than names containing [i], and (4) names containing coronal consonants are more likely to be associated with post-evolution characters than names containing labial consonants. Overall, the current results suggest that phonological considerations come into play when English speakers name new fictional creatures. Implications of the current results for the theories of sound symbolism are discussed throughout the paper.

Bentuk Dan Gerak Tari Tradisional Manuk Beberi

The purpose of this study was to describe the various forms and movements of the Manuk Beberi dance. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods using theories related to the research topic. The theory used is the theory of symbols which is translated into discursive and presentational symbols. The results showed that the Manuk Beberi dance is a regional dance originating from Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. The Manuk Beberi dance was created based on the story of Dewi Anjani's pet. This dance is danced by two male dancers with energetic movements that reflect the character of Dewi Anjani's pet chicken. The various movements of the Manuk Beberi dance are classified into discursive symbols and presentational symbols. Movements that are included in the discursive symbol are the movements of the Keber, Notok, Ngaeh and Bekupu. These movements have certain meanings based on the results of mutual agreement in an area. Meanwhile, other Manuk Beberi dance movements are included in the presentational symbol, namely movements that are only complementary and do not have a core meaning. In conclusion, the traditional dance of Manuk Beberi has four forms, namely, the traditional dance form, which is the pet movement of Dewi Anjani.&#x0D; Keywords: Form, Manuk Beberi Dance, Motion&#x0D; &#x0D;