Negotiation Theory Research Articles

The development of the foundations of source criticism as a scientific discipline at the Imperial Novorossiya University

The article is devoted to the study of the development of the source criticism’s knowledge in the Imperial Novorossiya University which was founded in the second half of the XIX century in Odesa. Grounding on a large complex of general scientific methods, and a historical method and source criticism, the authors identified the stages of the formation of source criticism in the process of teaching historical disciplines at the university, what they based on an analysis of the teaching activities of professors and associate professors of the Faculty of History and Philology. In the article, the development of the foundations of source criticism is considered as a complex process, which in Western European and Russian science was the result of the development of the theory and practice of everyday dialogue between scientists and historical sources. This process had a great influence on the advancement of a historical education in university, which was one of the important factors in the formation of source studies as a scientific discipline. The history of individual scientific disciplines cannot be understood outside the context of the development of science altogether, therefore the authors paid attention to the change of scientific paradigms in the period under the study. It is noted that reforms in the field of education and the development of European historical knowledge have become the main components of the formation of historians, who, with their scientific activities at the theoretical and practical levels, contributed to the development of the special historical disciplines. The article reveals a gradual increase in the number of courses taught at the historical department of the Faculty of History and Philology, in which teachers used the opportunity to teach students to work with various types and kinds of sources. The authors examine the contribution of the historians of Odesa in the XIX – early XX century in the process of institutionalization of historical disciplines, in the formation of a complex of special historical disciplines, which resulted in the actualization of their scientific works in subsequent years. As a result of the study, the authors came to the conclusion that the professors of the departments of general and Russian history, with their teaching and scientific activities, laid the foundations of source criticism as a special scientific discipline, raising theoretical problems in their lecture courses, and at the training workshops, teaching students how to work with sources in practical terms.

PREFACE

PREFACE

Teacher identity as inquirer: voices of teacher educators

ABSTRACT This qualitative study uses the dialogical self theory to explore teacher educators’ voices as they speak on the issue of teacher identity positioning, specifically when it comes to the position of teachers as inquirers. A content analysis of self-reports from 18 teacher educators yielded 3 primary teacher core I-positions. The results showed that the teacher educators viewed teachers more as mediators than as instructors or inquirers. Although all the participants acknowledged the relevance of the inquiry process in the teaching profession, they differed as to the value, purpose, and learning outcomes of adopting an inquiry position in the initial training of teachers.

Agency of English-Speaking Migrant Women during the Pandemic in Israel

This study is embedded within a distinct pro-migration incentivized ‘Law of Return’ migration policy in Israel, as it considers the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on migrant women, their agency, and proculturation. It features stories of migrant women during the COVID-19 pandemic, exploring their agency within the Individual-Socio-Ecological frame of reference of I-positions in the dialogical self theory. This qualitative study on English-speaking women in Israel (N = 39) is empirically grounded in lived experiences of meaning making, mothering, family dynamics, work, and access to healthcare under conditions of lockdown. The analysis of participants’ stories resulted in identifying six overarching themes relevant to migrant women: familial roles, mental labor, voicing resistance, mindfulness, intergenerational solidarity, and transnationalism. This study provides a construct clarification of agency, introducing three levels of agency: inward, social, and societal. In particular older migrant women may appeared to be losing agency during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, if the focus was solely on decision making and taking action. However, this study suggests that inward I-positions, in particular as related to mental labor, seemed to flourish during the COVID-19 pandemic, when many participants could engage in a more limited way on social and societal levels.

Toward dialogue through a holistic measuring framework – the impact of social media on risk communication in the COVID-19

PurposeDespite the huge potential of social media, its functionality and impact for enhanced risk communication remain unclear. Drawing on dialogic theory by integrating both “speak from power” and “speak to power” measurements, the article aims to propose a systematic framework to address this issue.Design/methodology/approachThe impact of social media on risk communication is measured by the correlation between “speak from power” and “speak to power” levels, where the former primarily spoke to two facets of the risk communication process – rapidness and attentiveness, and the latter was benchmarked against popularity and commitment. The framework was empirically validated with data relating to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) risk communication in 25,024 selected posts on 17 official provincial Weibo accounts in China.FindingsThe analysis results suggest the relationship between the “speak from power” and “speak to power” is mixed rather than causality, which confirms that neither the outcome-centric nor the process-centric method alone can render a full picture of government–public interconnectivity. Besides, the proposed interconnectivity matrix reveals that two provinces have evidenced the formation of government–public mutuality, which provides empirical evidence that dialogic relationships could exist in social media during risk communication.Originality/valueThe authors' study proposed a prototype framework that underlines the need that the impact of social media on risk communication should and must be assessed through a combination of process and outcome or interconnectivity. The authors further divide the impact of social media on risk communication into dialogue enabler, “speak from power” booster, “speak to power” channel and mass media alternative.

Echo in <i>The Winter Vault</i>

The intertextuality of Anne Michaels’s The Winter Vault may be found not only in recurrent themes and images from her earlier novel, Fugitive Pieces, and her poetry, but also in the inclusion of other writers in her novel. Mikhail Bakhtin’s theories of dialogism, chronotopes, polyphony, heteroglossia, and the carnivalesque; John Hollander’s study of echo and transumption; and Douglas Hofstadter’s notion of “strange loops” – all offer means of understanding Michaels’s allusions and structure in her novel. They also shed light on how her writing remembers historical trauma and eventually finds redemption through language, love, and empathy. The central characters in The Winter Vault witness the devastation of Nubian villages along the Nile and Canadian villages along the St. Lawrence River. By listening closely to echoes and stories of past destruction, these characters find solace in recreating the Canadian landscape. The intertwining of characters, histories, and landscapes returns to the origins of civilization to emerge in forms of healing and post-traumatic redemption.

Barth on Divine Simplicity and the Attributes of God: A Theological Agenda for Christian/Muslim Dialogue

Abstract This article examines the theological concepts of divine simplicity and the attributes of God. The purpose of this inquiry is to explore the significance of these themes for Christian/Muslim dialogue. In this sense the article is an overture to a public theology undertaken through aspects of the doctrine of God foundational for Christians and Muslims. An introduction identifies the somewhat marginal significance of theological dialogue in Christian-Muslim encounter. In doing so it considers what contribution Karl Barth might have to make to Christian-Muslim reflections on the doctrine of God. The main focus of the article examines Barth’s treatment of divine simplicity and the attributes of God. In this respect the article highlights the importance of Barth’s ethical transposition of the doctrine of divine simplicity and its implications for inter-religious engagements in the world. The article argues for a public theology which takes more seriously the relationship between theory and practice in inter-religious dialogue.

The Philippines. The Philippines and the International Monetary Fund negotiations on petroleum and imports: Toward a theory of negotiation By Kenneth Faulve-Montojo Lanham, MD: Lexington, 2018. Pp. 317. Bibliography, Subject Index, Author Index.

The Philippines. The Philippines and the International Monetary Fund negotiations on petroleum and imports: Toward a theory of negotiation By Kenneth Faulve-Montojo Lanham, MD: Lexington, 2018. Pp. 317. Bibliography, Subject Index, Author Index. - Volume 52 Issue 4

”At knække lærerkoden” – en elevperspektivisk analyse af adressater ved mundtlig eksamen

In order to graduate, Danish (and Norwegian) upper secondary high-school students are assessed orally in high-stakes tests by two teacher-assessors. Based on a fieldwork following students preparing for the oral exam, the article investigates who the students are presupposing to talk to at the exam. Exam introductions and student interviews are analyzed using Bachtin’s dialogical theory. The paradigmatic case analysis finds that students focus on delivering interpretations that they think the teacher wants to hear, since alternative interpretations are considered a confrontation with the assessors. Potentially, this limits what students allow assessors to gain access to at the exam.

Reflections on dialogicity: Challenges and suggestions by mathematics student teachers

Research related to dialogic teaching has been gaining ground in recent decades. On a theoretical level, researchers have described how sociocultural approaches are linked to dialogic teaching. In addition, empirical studies have explained how dialogic teaching manifests itself in educational dialogue and classroom interactions. However, studies addressing how the dialogic theory and practice could be linked meaningfully in teacher education and professional development programs in subject teacher education and related praxis are still limited. Especially in the case of math teacher education, the reported professional development programs are limited in number. Whereas the tendency has been to report the challenges accompanying dialogicity, the present study contributes by making suggestions and delivering ways to enhance the dialogicity of math teaching. Most importantly, the findings reveal that this is done mostly by the student teachers themselves. Additionally, all of this can be considered a result of participating in an initial teacher education program, following a systematic and cyclic structure to develop one's understanding and skills related to classroom interactions that include dialogic approaches. Implications for subject teacher education are also discussed based on the findings of the current study.

From Shared Meals to Interreligious Conversations

AbstractThis article describes three levels of interreligious dialogue today and observes a lack of exchange between these levels. For the future of interreligious dialogue, it proposes to link the theory and practice of interreligious dialogue more closely, that is, to interrelate academic reflections and actual interreligious encounter. Taking up the term “hospitality,” the author shows that, while the notion of interreligious hospitality plays a key role in comparative theology, the concrete practice of hospitality is rarely used as a resource for theological reflection. Consequently, the article refers to the practice of hospitality at the table and provides some starting points for interreligious conversations evolving around shared meals. Based on the notion of “embodiment,” it points to the central role of theological reflection of everyday life and to the potential of interreligious dialogues as a tool and resource in a pluralistic, quickly changing world.

Tension, Conflict, and Negotiability of Land for Infrastructure Retrofit Practices in Informal Settlements

Tension and conflict are endemic to any upgrading initiative (including basic infrastructure provision) requiring private land contributions, whether in the form of voluntary donations or compensated land acquisitions. In informal urban contexts, practitioners must first identify well-suited land for public infrastructure, both spatially and with careful consideration for safeguarding claimed rights and preventing conflicts. At the same time, they need to defuse existing tensions over land ownership and land use rights while negotiating for the potential use of a unit of land for infrastructure. Even in the case of employing participatory methods, land negotiations are never tension-free. Despite the extensive literature on linkages between urban poverty, inefficient land management systems, and land disputes, in both rural and urban settings, land negotiations for community-scale infrastructure retrofit projects (e.g., neighbourhood roads, water and sanitation infrastructure) are yet to be fully explored. Drawing on a case study of a live green infrastructure retrofit project in six informal settlements in Makassar, Indonesia, we establish links to exchange theory, collective action, and negotiation theory to build a reliable analytical framework for understanding and explaining the land negotiations in small-scale infrastructure retrofit practices. We aim to describe and assess the fundamental conditions for land negotiations in an informal urban context and conclude the paper by summarising several key strategies developed and used in the case study area to forge land agreements.

Expression of Language and Gender in the Movie “Imperfect: Karier, Cinta & Timbangan” (Sociolinguistic Studies)

The dialogues used by the male and female main character in the movie "Imperfect: Karier, Cinta & Timbangan" has many different language characteristics. This research aims to elaborate the expression of language characteristics of main male and female characters in the movie based on Qi Pan's theory and define the socio-cultural factors behind using these language characteristics. This research was qualitative descriptive research. The data source was the movie’s script of "Imperfect: Karier, Cinta & Timbangan." To collect data, the researcher used watching, listening, and writing techniques. Then, the data were analyzed using the textual analysis method. The results revealed that (a) the main female character uses 11 language characteristics according to Qi Pan's theory in dialogue. In contrast, the main male character does not use these language characteristics. Only hypercorrection characteristics are not used in both speeches, and (b) language differences in characters' speeches are influenced by socio-cultural factors that shape their personalities in the movie, creating gender stereotypes that appear in both genders based on their characters. This research represents an expression and relevance between language and gender, which can be found in real life and literary works, one of which is elaborated through Indonesian movie media.

Factors influencing the sustainability of externally funded community projects by specifically investigating the Imali project.

This project research study determines the factors influencing sustainability of externally funded community projects in Rwanda showcasing the Imbuto Foundation Imali project. Sustaining community-based projects faces countless challenges and some project managers are even blamed of neglecting the needs of the community. The study focus on the following specific objectives: to assess the influence of community participation, to examine the influence of resource capacity, and to determine the influence of project management skills on the sustainability of the Imali project. The study refers to the Freirean theory of dialogue and society and uses a descriptive research approach to determine several factors affecting the sustainability of community projects after funding. The population by the study comprises a total of 119 people from three cooperatives. The cooperative from Kamonyi is named “Abavandimwe”, the cooperative of Ruhango called “Imena” and the third one is Kohunya. Data was collected using appropriated instruments such as questionnaires, observation schedules, and interviews. For the analysis and interpretation, Statistical Package for Social Science was used, which showed that some demographic factors such age groups and education can affect the sustainability of community projects after funding. Community participation, resource capacity and project management skills are all clearly affecting community-based projects. While each plays its own role, they also complement each other. All cooperative members confirmed that these factors are very important to be considered for sustainability.

NegotioPoly: a holistic gaming approach to negotiation teaching

Purpose Based on Behavioral Theory of Negotiations (Walton & McKersie, 1965), the purpose of this paper is to discuss the existing gap between negotiation theory and pedagogy and presents an experiential teaching tool that closes this gap. The tool is a ‘serious game’ (Abt, 1975) that reinforces all four core negotiation subprocesses while allowing students to practice their negotiation skills and several critical business competencies in a realistic and improvisational context. Design/methodology/approach After successfully using NegotioPoly for five years, qualitative and quantitative data were collected in three sections of negotiation classes to assess student learning and behaviors while playing NegotioPoly and to collect student feedback on the effectiveness of NegotioPoly in teaching and reinforcing key negotiation skills. Findings Findings support that NegotioPoly is highly effective in engaging students in a series of realistic negotiations, joint problem solving and strategic decision-making. Results show that, during the game, students demonstrate their negotiation skills and learnings, and they practice all four negotiation subprocesses of distributive, integrative and intraorganizational bargaining and attitudinal structuring. Practical implications NegotioPoly enables students to engage in distributive and integrative bargaining, multiple levels of negotiations and coalitions in quick succession. Students practice organizational politics and adjust their negotiations based on relationships and social realities, as they demonstrate advanced deal-making behaviors and core business competencies of problem solving, decision-making, analytical skills and ability to work with others. Social implications NegotioPoly reinforces core business competencies such as negotiation, problem solving, analytical skills and the ability to work in teams that employers look for and, therefore, is a useful tool for preparing students for the business world. Originality/value NegotioPoly is an experiential learning tool that closes the gap between negotiation theory and pedagogy while providing deep learning and realistic practice opportunities for students where they can use their negotiation skills in a gaming environment that uses multi-party and multi-round negotiations.

Early signs of polyphony in constitutional literature: a case study of carnival elemnts in charand parand by Ali Akbar Dehkhoda

Among the notable literary texts that emerged during the Iranian constitutional period for criticizing tyranny and monopoly in political, social, and cultural affairs was Charand Parand by Ali Akbar Dehkhoda. It was a significant text due to the realistic depiction of both formal and informal political discourses. The importance of this article which is based on discourse theory lies in how it challenges the dominant discourse of power in Dehkhoda's work. The purpose of this research is to apply the theory of dialogism and the role of Bakhtin's carnival elements in Charand Parand, in order to study the polyphonic category and the role of carnival elements in creating a polyphonic atmosphere and confronting authoritarian discourse. The article attempts to answers the question: how the Cognitive stylistics methods provide the liberal writer of constitutional era with opportunities to speak and be heard forand of spoken and marginalized discourses and voices.

Understanding Dialogue: Language Use and Social Interaction

Understanding Dialogue: Language Use and Social Interaction

Modeling and prediction of human negotiation behavior in human-computer negotiation

• This study proposes a segmented linear regression Strategy (SLR) model, which can predict the opponent's future offer patterns. • Segmented linear regression method can model complex concession behavior dynamically. • A theoretical framework is built upon the hope-based and game-based negotiation theories. • The model is validated empirically through computer-to-computer and human-to-computer negotiation experiments based on a prototype system. With increasing e-commerce activities, the human–computer negotiation mechanism for online transactions emerges. This study proposes a segmented linear regression strategy (SLR) model, which can predict the opponent's future offer patterns and dynamically adjust the model parameters according to the opponent's behavior. We use the hope-based (behavior-oriented) and game-based (technical-oriented) negotiation theories as the theory ground to explicate the logic of the agent's negotiation strategy. Upon which we propose a theoretical model of bilateral negotiation as the framework for designing the SLR model. We then propose the testable hypotheses to evaluate the utility of the proposed model against the benchmark results. We build a prototype system and empirically test the hypotheses using computer-to-computer (CtC) and human-to-computer (HtC) negotiation experiments. The empirical results show that the proposed system outperforms the benchmark system in both CtC and HtC negotiations regarding deal price and utility. The proposed model provides an automated negotiation solution for online platforms that can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their negotiation capability.

Konflik Antar Etnis di Indonesia dalam Analisis Face Negotiation Theory

Indonesia is known as a country with a pluralistic society. With the wealth of ethnicity, ethnicity, race, and religion in it, this multicultural society then becomes prone to friction. Not to mention the differences in terms of language, customs, and habits in it. These frictions will in turn lead to conflicts which are then unavoidable. The study of inter-ethnic conflict in Indonesia in the analysis of face negotiation theory was carried out with several objectives, which are: to explain the analysis of face negotiation theory in several cases of ethnic conflict that occurred in Indonesia so that it is expected to be taken into consideration in preventing or dealing with similar conflicts. The method used in this research is qualitative with data sources obtained through literature study (Creswell, 2012). The result of the research is that in the Indonesian phenomenon, many sources said that usually the way Indonesian people in determining their attitude during conflict are by integration or mutual - face. Where the characteristics in it are Apologize, Private talk, Remain calm, Problem solve, and Respect. This behavior is a characteristic of collectivistic culture that is indeed embraced by Indonesian people in general

LINKING COMMUNICATION PRACTICE TO THE IDENTITY NEGOTIATION THEORY

The reclamation case of Benoa Bay, Bali, involves businessmen and cultural observers who want reclamation against residents, artists, cultural observers, and environmentalists who reject reclamation. The fact that there are economic, cultural, and environmental debates between the two sides, in this case, shows that a win-win solution could be achieved. Even so, the end of this case is a zero-sum game, where the party who rejects the reclamation wins the conflict. The future of Benoa Bay is still uncertain because the threat of reclamation always exists. This study applies identity negotiation theory as a cross-cultural communication instrument that can produce win-win solutions. The analysis was carried out on communication events that were documented in the course of the Benoa Bay reclamation case. The results show that the communication problems that occur in the Benoa Bay reclamation case can be resolved using the identity negotiation theory approach. Specifically, it was shown that the Benoa Bay reclamation case occurred multi-level in the socio-historical system of the Balinese and Indonesian people, that this conflict contained elements of moral conflict, that each party had a collection of multifaceted identities, respectful dialogue supported by an open and listening attitude did not occur. the frame that is built is bipolar, and inclusive pluralism does not work. Some recommendations were formulated to lead to a win-win situation in such cases.