Theory Of Conversion Research Articles

Research on Energy-Efficient Disc Pumps: A Review on Physical Models and Energy Efficiency

Disc pumps have obvious advantages in dealing with difficult-to-pump media. Energy efficiency and sustainable energy management are important topics with regard to reducing costs and promoting carbon neutrality. Though the concept of the disc pump was proposed in the 1850s, development was slow and limited by its initial model. However, with the development of industries such as petrochemicals and food, the efficient pumping of difficult-to-pump media is much needed, but facing challenges. Therefore, research on energy-efficient disc pumps is particularly important moving forward. In this paper, the available information from the open literature about the research and development of the disc pump will be thoroughly reviewed. It focuses on the historical development, energy efficiency and physical model application of the disc pump. The review ends with a proposal for the direction of future development, and in this aspect, it is proposed that the energy efficiency prediction model based on velocity slip theory, the energy management system based on multi-scenarios and the design method based on energy conversion theory are important. The latest achievements in energy conversion are given. This review also provides a new perspective for the development of energy-efficient disc pumps.

A philosophical appraisal of Nyamnjoh’s social theory and Whitehead’s process ontology in the context of epistemic decoloniality

ABSTRACTThis essay examines the philosophical underpinnings of Nyamnjoh's social theory of incompleteness and conviviality and Whitehead's process ontology in the context of intellectual decoloniality. The theory of incompleteness and convivial scholarship is spearheaded by Francis Nyamnjoh as a strategy for intellectual decoloniality and a substitute for the rigid alternatives prevalent in the decoloniality clamour in Africa. This idea also finds expression in Whitehead's process and relational ontology. Although Whitehead's process ontology has been widely studied, one hardly comes across works studying in detail the profound ontological richness underpinning Nyamnjoh's social theory in conversation with Whitehead. In this essay, I examine the ontological assumptions underlying Nyamnjoh's theory of incompleteness, on the one hand, and the ethical assumptions underpinning his theory of convivial scholarship, on the other. These two analyses combined are expected to shed light on Nyamnjoh's social theory of epistemic decoloniality and help clarify some philosophical conundrums that underpin it.

Energy Losses Assessment of Smallholder Farmers’ Surface Water Irrigation Pumps in South and Southeast Asia Using Entropy Generation Principle

One of the most serious problems among smallholder farmers in South and Southeast Asia associated with the use of a surface water irrigation pump is low engine performance. The main cause of this low performance is the decrease in the flow field energy conversion mechanism caused by irreversible processes. The energy conversion theory suggests that pump efficiency is maximum when the loss is minimum. Whatever the origin of the losses, the deterioration in engine performance is due to a deterioration in the reversibility of the pump system. In this study, the pump is classified as the propeller impeller (PI), the improved axial or typical impeller (TI), and the conical hollow-shaped impeller (CI). Entropy production is applied to the pump on design improvement and loss sources location and mechanisms. The entropy production consists of viscous dissipation and turbulent dissipation. In this study, the pump design improvement of various designs based on entropy production has been studied in detail to predict energy loss in areas such as the inlet section, impeller, or discharge pipe. With the entropy generation, the optimum efficiency of different pump designs CI, PI, and TI were determined. The results showed that in all designs, more than 63% of the total entropy generation came from turbulent distribution. The flow in the pumps was analyzed in detail in comparison with entropy generation. It was found that the entropy generation rate increased in the secondary flow direction and was consistent with free-stream velocity. The PI design at the inlet pipe should be modified for reducing flow separation and entropy generation. All design impellers showed high energy losses, especially near the hub and tip along the leading edge and trailing edge. Therefore, it is possible to determine which features of the flow and entropy generation are relevant to the pump improvement.

Design and Implementation of a Novel Radar Cross Section Reduction Metasurface Covering 12.5-17.4 GHz and 20.5-36.2 GHz

Based on the theory of polarization conversion, this paper designs and implements two electromagnetic units with a 180-degree reflection phase difference in the range of 10-40 GHz. By coding and optimizing the spatial arrangement of the two basic units to obtain a metasurface, which makes the incident electromagnetic waves reflect diffusely, the energy in a single beam direction is reduced to realize the reduction of the radar cross section (RCS). The full wave simulated and experimental results of the reduction of the RCS of the metasurface have been presented. The RCS of the proposed metasurface can be reduced by more than 10 dB in the two broadband bands of 12.5-17.4 GHz and 20.5-36.2 GHz, and the maximum reduction can reach 26 dB, compared with a metallic surface of the same size. In addition, the optimized metasurface can also maintain a good reduction effect under oblique incident wave directions of 30, 45, 60, and 70 degrees. A very good agreement between simulation and measurement results is observed.

Statistical Study of the Nonthermal Continuum Radiation Beaming Angle Measured by the High Frequency Receiver on Van Allen Probes‐A

AbstractThe nonthermal continuum (NTC) radiation beaming angle is computed over the entire Van Allen Probes‐A mission when the spacecraft was in the dawn sector. The conditions in the dawn sector are favorable for the wave vector to lie near/in the spacecraft's spin plane allowing a favorable estimate of the beaming angle, and the dawn sector is also advantageous in that previous studies show NTC occurrence to peak in this sector. We found that scatter plots, over the entire mission, of beaming angle versus magnetic latitude form a distinct inverted‐V pattern, with the apex at/near the magnetic equator. This pattern was sharpest for frequencies (f) ≲ 100 kHz. Using the NTC beaming formula from the linear mode conversion theory (LMCT), we show that such an inverted‐V pattern is expected due to the large variation in the plasmapause location over the entire mission. The theoretical derived pattern qualitatively reproduces the observed pattern but not quantitatively. The lack of quantitative agreement is discussed and is attributed to several factors, one factor is off‐centered emissions from the radio window. The qualitative agreement strongly supports LMCT as being the dominant mechanism generating NTC for f ≲ 100 kHz. For f ≳ 100 kHz, the inverted‐V pattern becomes less distinct, and strong near‐equatorial beaming is observed. After considering contamination of our selections by left‐handed polarized AKR, our study suggests that besides LMCT another unidentified NTC generation mechanism becomes important for f ≳ 100 kHz.

The Conversational Implicature Found while Trevor Noah Criticizes the Government in Stand-up Comedy Show

This research deals with conversational implicature and flouted maxim found in stand-up comedy. This descriptive qualitative research, analyzed 12 utterances of Trevor Noah from YouTube video entitled “Trevor Noah COMPLETE REMARKS at 2022 White House Correspondents’ Dinner (C-SPAN)” using Grice’s conversational implicature theory. The finding shows that from 12 utterances, every utterance can contain more than one type of flouted maxims, the details are as follows, 10 manner, 9 quality, 7 relevance, 6 maxims of quantity. The researcher also finds that, Noah applied Particularized Conversational Implicature more frequently than Generalized Conversational Implicature, with a ratio of 11:1. Noah has done this to make his satire is less offensive. This research also finds that flouted of maxims does not mean that a conversation has been failed, but that is intentionally done by the speaker to create an implicature effect in his utterance. As long as the speaker and the listener have the same knowledge about the context or background, the conversation will keep going well.

Bodily unconscious as a basic phenomenon: Heidegger’s critique of Freud’s theory of conversion

ABSTRACT Is the expression “unconscious phenomena” a contradiction in terms? Do psychoanalytic discoveries compel phenomenology to adapt its methods in treating inapparent phenomena? What role does the body play in the manifestation of such phenomena? In this paper, I approach these questions (1) from within the clinical context of a post-traumatic somatization and (2) by spelling out the implications of Heidegger’s critique of Freudian psychoanalysis in the Zollikon Seminars. Drawing new critical attention to Freud’s earliest theories and methods, developed in the context of the investigation into hysteria, I argue that some of his fundamental insights may be read as following basic phenomenological intuitions. Following Heidegger’s reconfiguration of the field of phenomenology, the inapparent (“that which does not show itself as itself”) may be seen as taking center stage as the exhaustive model for phenomena as such. Placing particular emphasis on a set of Heidegger’s critical notions – “semblance” [Schein],” “understanding”, “motive” [Beweggrund] and “bodying-forth” [Leiben] — I argue that somatization could be conceptualized phenomenologically as a “bodying-forth” [Leiben] of an incapacity to understand or be understood, and that a similar mis-understanding may also befall practitioners who struggle to witness trauma, thus becoming the clinician’s own symptom.

Effects of Non-Adiabatic Electromagnetic Vacuum Fluctuations on Internal Conversion.

To explore non-adiabatic effects caused by electromagnetic (EM) vacuum fluctuations in molecules, we develop a general theory of internal conversion (IC) in the framework of quantum electrodynamics and propose a new mechanism, "quantum electrodynamic internal conversion" (QED-IC). The theory allows us to compute the rates of the conventional IC and QED-IC processes at the first-principles level. Our simulations manifest that, under experimentally feasible weak light-matter coupling conditions, EM vacuum fluctuations can significantly affect IC rates by an order of magnitude. Moreover, our theory elucidates three key factors in the QED-IC mechanism: the effective mode volume, coupling-weighted normal mode alignment, and molecular rigidity. The theory successfully captures the nucleus-photon interaction in the factor "coupling-weighted normal mode alignment". In addition, we find that molecular rigidity plays a totally different role in conventional IC versus QED-IC rates. Our study provides applicable design principles for exploiting QED effects on IC processes.

Zero morphology and change-of-state verbs

Abstract This paper discusses a theory of conversion (zero derivation) in terms of phrasal spellout. In this approach, there are no zero morphemes. Instead, the ‘silent’ meaning components are pronounced cumulatively within overt morphemes. As an empirical case, we discuss adjective/verb ambiguity as in narrow. As verbs, these roots have both an inchoative and a causative sense. Following Ramchand (2008), we assume that such deadjectival causatives contain three parts: the adjective denoting a state, a change-of-state component proc, and a causative component init. Adopting a Nanosyntax approach, we propose that verbs like narrow spell out a complex node with all these abstract heads. The ambiguity between the inchoative, causative and adjective falls out as a consequence of the Superset Principle (Starke 2009), which states that a lexical entry can spell out any subtree it contains. Since both the inchoative sense and the adjective sense correspond to proper parts of the causative one, we derive these readings without the need to postulate zeroes. We show how these assumptions allow us to capture a broad range of patterns, focussing mainly on English and Czech.

A new method for determining loess particle size distribution based on ‘core + clothes’ structure

AbstractThe particle size distribution (PSD) of loess particles and agglomerates is the key factor determining the microstructure of loess. The PSD largely determines many physical and mechanical properties such as mechanical strength, deformation characteristics and permeability of loess. In this paper, we combined image processing, geometric measurements and statistical methods to quantitatively characterize the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of loess. A new method based on the ‘core + clothes’ structure is proposed to determine the PSD. The developed Gaussian mixture model is applicable to describe the overall distribution of the image pixel density. Determining pixel density distribution and particle boundary allows for the measurement of various geometric parameters. The comparison analyses suggest that the sieve‐hydrometer method has a well‐developed test procedure; however, the measured particle size is limited to 0.075 mm. The laser diffraction method is simple and fast, yet only weak agglomerates can be dispersed, and very fine particles are influenced by size data conversion theory and light source parameters. X‐ray microtomography has the advantage of a non‐destructive sample preparation and intuitive process. However, the results are greatly affected by the parameter settings and segmentation algorithm, and the segmentation effect is poor for particles with a size smaller than 12 μm. The new image processing technique developed in this study improves the limitation of the measurement results via changes in the loess state (water content, stress level). Moreover, different PSDs can be determined according to the variation of functional units. This work is of great significance for the study of numerous properties related to the loess state.

The origins of perspective taking lie in iconic language use: Unifying theories of signs, conversation, and narrative perspective

This paper proposes a theoretical reduction of the existence of perspective taking in discourse to the combination of two basic methods of communication: iconic simulation, and description by means of conventional symbols. This includes an integration of the depiction theory of quotation and a pragmatic version of the theory of signs. Perspective taking is argued to be a consequence of the iconic simulation of acts, linguistic acts in particular. The basic fact that a single utterance can comprise both depictive and descriptive components is in turn the basis for the occurrence of different variants of speech and thought representation, which are traditionally discussed under the rubric of indirect and free indirect discourse. On this basis, it is argued that the phenomena can actually be analyzed more insightfully (and more simply) directly in terms of interactions between specific linguistic items and the distinction between depiction and description. In addition, this “composite utterance” approach to perspective taking combines abstract conceptual clarity and simplicity with a high degree of flexibility in the way such interactions can work out in specific situations, which allows it to also serve as a basis for the analysis of “multiperspectival” and “doublevoiced” discourse.

A Pragmatic Analysis of Cultural Influence on Politeness Markers in the Yoruba Context

Culture plays a significant role in language use. It is a parameter for measuring communicative competence of a language user. Thus, the use of language is the function of the culture that owns the language. This study is predicated on Grice’s (1975) conversational implicature theory. Data was got from recorded conversations in different natural settings in Ondo West Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. The focus of the study is on politeness markers in “leader-follower”, “husband-wife”, “father-son”, “buyer-seller”, “friend-friend” and “elder brother-younger brother” conversations. Ten tape recordings were made out of which, seven were used for analysis. The pragmatic analysis of cultural influence on politeness has revealed the influence of culture on politeness markers in the Yoruba context. The study has also revealed the persuasive approach employed by the interlocutors to maintain and sustain conversation. It has been discovered that culture has conditioned the husband to assert while the wife is culture-bound to obey the assertion of her husband. This paper, therefore, recommends that language users should be exposed to the culture of the language being used as it will broaden their knowledge on how to sustain and maintain face saving act in a conversation. The knowledge of culture will definitely enhance the communicative competence of language users.

Mobile Democracy: Changing Conditions for Young Danes’ Democratic Information and Participation

The article focuses on mobile democracy in connection to the conditional foundations for young Danes’ democratic agency in a digital society. It investigates questions of democratic transformation through a conceptual and empirical triangulation of mobile democracy as a framework for analyzing these conditions. Conceptually, the article draws on research on youth and mobile technologies and on theories of mobility, deliberative democracy, and democratic conversation. Empirically, the article draws on 16 in-depth interviews with 16–24-year-old Danes conducted in 2021. This dataset is supported by findings from a representative survey (2017) and publicly available statistics and surveys. The article analyses three intersecting conditions that frame the concept of mobile democracy through an analysis of young citizens’ democratic participation: 1. Mobile technologies—democratic mobility occurs across the availability of technological mobile platforms and online services. The ‘always on’ status is defining for young citizens’ democratic agency. 2. Mobile information and social media—fragmented publics are increasingly missing societal reference points and ideological coherence, and young people are challenged in their attempt to establish coherent meaningfulness from the fluctuating information stream. 3. Mobile engagement and participation—information mobility affects perceptions of what information, citizenship and democracy are, and how this translates into actualizations of democratic participation.

Towards a Theory of Conversation in Political Economy

The paper analyzes the nature of Political Economy as a modern conversational style, by defining its logical and rhetoric features. Successively, a wider historical and political context linked to the birth of the discipline is taken into account and thoroughly introduced in its implications for the interpretation of the role of such a discipline in modern life. Finally Political Economy is examined under the light of the educational effort it requires, as an anti- rhetoric method of inquiry and dialogue.

Locally advanced carcinosarcoma of the uterine cervix – a case report

Carcinosarcoma, also known as malignant mixed Mullerian tumour, is a rare but aggressive biphasic tumour comprising both epithelial and mesenchymal components.1 A number of theories have been proposed for its pathogenesis, of which the conversion and combination theories have been the most widely accepted.1 Carcinosarcoma constitutes 3% of uterine malignancies, mostly arising from the uterine corpus.1 Carcinosarcoma of the uterine cervix represents only 0.005% of cervical malignancies, and there is a limited understanding of its treatment, prognosis and outcome.2 We describe a case of FIGO stage IVA carcinosarcoma of the uterine cervix in a 48-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain and heavy menstrual bleeding. Clinical examination and imaging studies showed a cervical mass involving the lower third of the uterus and upper half of the vagina, with infiltration of the posterior bladder wall. Bilateral pelvic and lower retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy was present. Cervical biopsy showed a malignant tumour consisting of homologous sarcomatous areas and nests of moderately to poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry confirmed a diagnosis of carcinosarcoma of the uterine cervix. The patient was referred for urgent palliative radiotherapy and died of disease within three months.

Non-Observance Maxims in Banyumasan Humor Speech

Humorous utterances can cause humor because listeners, readers and audiences find unexpected utterances, attitudes or things, language games and deviations in speech conveyed by a speaker or comedian due to a discrepancy between the concept and the actual situation and exaggerated and unreasonable expressions, so it can cause laughter. In a conversation, what the speaker means often goes beyond what is said. Other implied meanings can be inferred and predicted based on the context. Implicature can occur due to a violation of the principle of conversation. The violation of the cooperative principle has the aim of creating humor in the conversation. There is another basic theory of cooperative principle, namely the non-observance of the conversational maxims theory proposed by Grice (1975). It is one of the pragmatic studies in determining the implied meaning of utterances that contain humor. This study aims to analyze the non-observance maxims found in Banyumasan humorous utterances on youtube. The data collection technique in this study was to use a purposive sampling technique, namely by looking for videos that match the research object. The methods used in this research were observation, documentation and transcription. The data analysis technique in this study used descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques and was carried out through three stages according to the data analysis model of Miles and Huberman (1984), namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that in Banyumasan humorous utterances there are several non-observance maxims, including flouting the maxims, violating the maxims and infringing the maxims. From these data, the most common is the flouting of quality maxims. This is because in humorous utterances there are non-observance of maxims that aim to create a funny impression.

Ordinary Language for Extraordinary Loss

Scholarship has established the difficulty of expressing the seemingly inexpressible experience of traumatic loss. Nevertheless, there are texts that enable expression despite this difficulty. They endow expansive, elusive concepts of loss with worthy articulation. Putting trauma theory in conversation with ordinary language philosophy illuminates how such moments become conceivable. Examples from a literary tradition that stretches from Virginia Woolf to Samuel Beckett to Lydia Davis construct a potent and a public space for this work. Literature is therefore able to create new forms of utterance from which ordinary meaning gains a purchase on the extra-ordinary.

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ПЛАВАНИЕМ КОМПОЗИТНОГО ЭЛЕКТРОМЕХАНИЧЕСКОГО МИКРОРОБОТА

Relevance Currently, underwater robotics is one of the most important areas of development of robotic complexes. Their foundation and control are based on an electromechanical basis. The creation and research of electromechanical systems are one of the promising areas of development of electromechanics and electrical engineering. Equipped with a wide range of sensors, unmanned underwater vehicles are widely used to solve tasks such as studying the seabed relief, monitoring and servicing oil and gas pipelines and cable lines, collecting biological and geological samples of liquids, developing offshore oil and gas fields, conducting underwater rescue operations. The increasing popularity of such devices is explained by the fact that the use of manned vehicles can be very dangerous for the life of the pilots themselves and incur high costs during their operation. Research conducted by various engineering groups in the field of modeling and control of underwater robots is ultimately aimed at achieving full automation of processes. Achieving this aim seems to be an extremely difficult task, since it requires knowledge and understanding of a large volume of theoretical and practical problems that are subject to comprehensive research. Aim of research To carry out theoretical calculations on the study of electromechanical and mechanical parameters of underwater robot control and compare them with experimental data. Research methods The theory of electromechanical energy conversion and control of electrical equipment, methods of mathematical and physical modeling were used in the work. Results The results of constructing an algorithm and a mathematical model of the device of an electromechanical composite robot are presented. A system of equations of mechanics and electrodynamics was used to describe its power characteristics. By solving this system of equations, a theoretical analysis of the operation of its engine was carried out. With the help of the mechatronic approach, its swimming and coordination of its functional modules are studied. The results of this article will be useful for engineers involved in the design and operation of robots using robotic systems in the fields of biotechnology and biomechanics.

A Study of Student Discourse in English Major Classes from the Perspective of Birmingham School Conversation Theory

A Study of Student Discourse in English Major Classes from the Perspective of Birmingham School Conversation Theory

AN ANALYSIS OF CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE OF THE CHARACTERS IN THE BIRD BOX FILM

. To accomplish the goals of an ability to understand, it is anticipated that everyone involved in the communication process will work together. However, in practice, sending purposes are not usually expressed clearly. In reality, a person might not reach the part of the conversation where they are required to speak openly, intelligibly, pertinently, and appropriately so that the other person can understand them incredibly well. This phenomenon is referred to as conversational implicature in linguistic terms, where individuals prefer to indicate their additional or hidden meaning that is delivered behind spoken words. By using Grice's theory to determine implicature form for portraying conversation context, which determines the factors that influence communication, this research aims to examine the phenomenon in the conversation of the two main characters in the Bird Box film. The researcher used the conversational implicature theory by Grice (1975) to identify the utterance and the speech acts theory by Searle (1976) to categorize the function. Searle (1976) classified speech acts identified are representatives/assertives, instructions, commissives, expressives, and declarations. This study has a qualitative research design. The researcher employed the Sudaryanto (2015) interview method to gather data, the Sudaryanto (2015) pragmatic identity method to analyze the data, and the Sudaryanto (2015) informal presentation approach to convey the research findings. The researcher gathered ten data sets with conversational implicature in order to examine the data.