Administration Theory Research Articles

The elements of public administration theory in the “projects” of Count P. I. Shuvalov

The subject of this research is the development of theoretical representations on the mechanism of public administration in Russia of the XVIII century. The goal is to determine in the texts of draft reforms prepared by Count P. I. Shuvalov the provisions on the objectives and principles of public administration, as well as to analyze his views on the process of reforming state and social institutions. In the texts of P. I. Shuvalov examines such elements of public administration theory as the administrative objectives, its subject matter, instruments, and administrative decision-making process. It allowed establishing correlation between the two concepts: “the good of the state” and “the common good”, as the goals pursued by public administration. The formulated by Shuvalov principles of public administration fully corresponded to the principles advanced by the philosophers of the European Enlightenment. The conducted analysis decision-making mechanism reveals a universal algorithm, which implies several stages of development of the reforms: a) outlining the problem that needs to be solved using the instruments of public administration ; b) determining the causes of this problem; c) proposing solution to the problem, d) discussing the proposed solution, indicating the instruments that need to be implemented by the state.

Career advancement comparative perspective study of university lecturer

Globalization and international standard universities trend drive the higher education system to become more dynamic and innovative. The lecturer is a profession that drives and encourages university competitiveness. Therefore, better career advancement and development are vital in encouraging higher education competitiveness. The United States of America (USA) is currently a world-class university orientation, followed by Australia. Hence, other countries, especially developing countries, should know the USA and Australia higher education system, especially in the lecturers’ career advancement and development. This study is necessary to answer research questions about comparing academic career advancement systems in the USA and Australia. This study will give other countries new insight into academic career advancement. The researchers apply the findings from a systematic review. This study focuses on six aspects discussed: regulations, educational qualifications, lecturer obligation status in the higher education, career ladder, career advancement stages, and the lecturers' duties also responsibilities in lecturer career advancement in the USA and Australia. This study examines the gap between lecturers' career advancement systems in the USA and Australia comprehensively. The researchers observe by analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the lecturer career advancement system in the USA and Australia. Also, the researchers compare the results using comparative public administration theory.

Determinants of Implementation of County Bursary Regulations in Kirinyaga County, Kenya

Kirinyaga County bursary scheme was introduced in the 2013/14 financial year. Bursary for secondary schools and higher level institutions being a National government function, the county sought advice from the then cabinet to offer state support to enhance access, ensure retention and reduce corruption in the provision of school education. Poor vetting criterion and compliance of guidelines have resulted in cronyism and nepotism which have plagued the bursary award process for decades. Poor monitoring & evaluation has piled up grievances with no follow up system. Lack of clear regulations on funding allocation has allowed political interference on budget cycles. The County bursary targets were students from poor households and the vulnerable. This study sought to examine the determinants of implementation of county bursary regulations in Kirinyaga County, Kenya. The study was guided by the following objectives; To establish the extent to which compliance of guidelines determines the implementation of County Bursary in Kirinyaga County, to explore the extent to which vetting criteria determines the implementation of County Bursary in Kirinyaga County, to examine the extent to which funding allocation determines the implementation of County Bursary in Kirinyaga County and to examine the extent to which monitoring of utilization of the bursary fund determines the implementation of County Bursary in Kirinyaga County. The new public administration theory that captures the concept of equity and fairness was adopted to explore the gaps during implementation of county bursary regulations in Kirinyaga County. The study sourced requisite data from 70 parents whose students benefited from bursary and 31 principals, both samples having been picked from the PTAs membership. The respondents were drawn using a combination of random and purposive sampling procedures. The study adopted descriptive design which was used to analyze primary data. Data was presented, interpreted and analyzed using frequency & percentage distributions, cross tabulations with STATA. Qualitative data in form of first hand experiences, informed opinions and suggestions, were analyzed using qualitative procedures and were used to strengthen quantitative findings. The results of the study indicated that majority of beneficiaries allocation by need were from poor households 51% followed by bright students at 29%. Similarly, orphans and special needs students both received 9.7%.

Научная школа правоведа- административиста профессора А.Б. Зеленцова: описание, значение (к 70-летию со дня рождения)

The material is devoted to a detailed description of the scientific path of Professor A.B. Zelentsov and his scientific contribution to the science of administrative law and to the theory of public administration. The article describes in detail and evaluates the scientific school created by Professor A.B. Zelentsov, scientific achievements of his numerous students.

Educational Administration: Concept, Theory and Management

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the concepts and theories of educational administration, 2) to study the model of educational management, and 3) to analyze the theoretical tendency and the educational management model in practice. The primary data were collected from the Tipitaka in Thai version of Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University and Commentaries. The secondary data were collected from Buddhist documents, educational administration, and interviews with 10key informants. The collected data were analyzed by content analysis. The research results indicated that: 1) the concepts and theories concerning academic affairs, teaching and learning management and evaluation by information technology, personnel management are an important part to drive the organization into effectiveness by setting job channel and description, and personnel development in virtue and knowledge. The budget is a factor to make the organization achieve its goal. The institutional environment is to support the management and work performance effectively. Furthermore, the participation in educational administration is a key factor to push the operation according to policy and plan. 2) The educational management model based on the Ministry of Education consisted of 4 aspects; Academic management, Budget management, Personnel, and General administration with stability and relevant to the 20-Year National Strategy and Thailand 4.0, by development and empowerment of potential, opportunity, equality of people, and enhancing people's quality of life with eco-friendly system, and educational system and management development. 3) The analysis of theoretical trends and educational management models into practice in 4 aspects; academic affairs, budget, personnel, and general management in practice is to strengthen the stability and reconciliation relevant to modern administration system with innovation and social network by using the educational administration in the digital age integrated with Buddhist principles to become a professional administrator in the present situation.

Analysis of Korean Local Council Ordinances through Administrative Theory: Focusing on the 7th Regional Council

Analysis of Korean Local Council Ordinances through Administrative Theory: Focusing on the 7th Regional Council

Methodological framework of the process of democratic governance in the theory of public administration

The methodological grounds of the democratic governance process based on the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific experience of public administration science are considered in the article. The study aims to analyze and investigate the nature of the origin and use of the latest terminology of public administration, to offer their own approaches to adapting English definitions to existing terminology. Thus, for a long time since the accreditation of the science of public administration, some domestic researchers have implemented the experience of advanced European and American theories of public administration, doing so superficially, without taking into account the peculiarities of management processes. In a relatively short time, a large number of literally adapted concepts have appeared in the theory of public administration. In some places, some studies contain a significant number of English terms without translation into Ukrainian, simply with an explanation of what is meant by this or that concept. Since domestic public administration was based on the experience of authoritarian traditions, the methodological approaches to the terminology of key concepts differ significantly from the public administration practices of democracies in Europe and North America. In our country, for example, the state power – manages, hence the concept – management, respectively, in democratic countries, the state power is rather a service for providing administrative services to its citizens, or carries out administration. To understand the concept of "management", the most suitable English equivalent – "management", which in domestic economics is not even translated. Public administration of foreign interpretation is no longer management but administration, very often this term is used with the term "public". At the beginning of the XXI century in foreign theory another concept of public administration – "governance" is firmly entrenched, which has become a destroyer of peace in the terminology and methodology of domestic science of public administration. The concept of "governance" which in the domestic terminology of public administration science borders on the definition of two concepts of "governance" carries out a "revolution" of modern domestic theory of public administration and requires significant modernization of its methodology and conceptual apparatus.

Децентралізація як фактор ефективності державного управління на прикладі Швейцарії та Бельгії

The influence of the process of decentralization on the efficiency of public administration is analyzed on the example of Switzerland and Belgium. On a retrospective basis, the role and place of the decentralized nature of authority are described, and the advantages and disadvantages of the decentralization process are examined. The case-study method was used to reveal differences in the nature of the impact of decentralization of public authorities on the democratization of different political system types. The method of comparative analysis of the dynamics of decentralization of democratic federal systems is used, including cross-temporal and longitudinal analysis and binary comparison. Countries for the comparative analysis were selected according to the principle of system similarity. As a result, the general and specific political characteristics of two models of decentralized state structures in Switzerland and Belgium were identified.The decentralized nature of authority is an important principle of functioning of effective management, but the importance of decentralization is different within various theories of public administration. The explanatory mechanism of the importance of decentralization also differs. Thus, according to Good Governance, decentralization is a way to bring public authorities closer to the citizens, to eliminate the phenomenon of political alienation, and to activate political participation, since the instruments of direct democracy that have a correlation in the basic principles of Good Governance can function to the best extent in small local territorial units. Therefore, in accordance with the provisions of the key theories of public administration, decentralization can be a factor of effective governance, since it is one of the principles of democracy functioning.Decentralization is not about dividing the country, it is about creating opportunities for the development of cities, villages, and settlements where people live in unified Ukraine. This is about creating conditions where the communities can be actively involved in the decision-making process, it is about the withdrawal of energy of masses for the improvement of their own life and the life of their community, and not about creating an additional layer of regional political elites.

Contribuição das ferramentas administrativas para a gestão de documentos o método de análise e melhoria de processos (MAMP)

Documents that are produced, received and accumulated by organizations are essential for decision-making, whether for proving rights, duties, as well as recording the memory of work processes. This denotes that organizations that do not have archival policies regarding standards, methods and procedures contribute to greater difficulty in accessing information. Considering this context, the research problem arises: what are the tools capable of assisting organizations in mapping their processes and contributing to document management? In order to guide the search for the answer to the problema-question of this research, it was established as a general objective to identify a set of administrative management tools, which combine complementary characteristics capable of mapping processes and information in the organizational environment and characterizing its connection with the document management process. As a theoretical foundation, concepts from Archivology, specifically RecordsManagement, and from Theory of Administration are used, in view of the process mapping tools appropriateto the theme. The research is characterized as qualitative, exploratory and descriptive, seeking to present the characteristics of the identified tools. As a result, it is proposed to use two tools that were analyzed in the work to be used together: the Method of Analysis and Process Improvement (MAMP), in an application hierarchy that provides the deepening of information collection, the details and registration of the processes and the graphic visualization of each procedural element studied.

FROM GOVERNMENT TO PUBLIC GOVERNANCE: THE TRANSFORMATION FOCUS OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING

Transformation and deepening the relationship of society and public authorities demanding higher level of competence and professionalism of public servants. This involves understanding the latest theoretical and methodological foundations of public management and administration, a deep understanding of the diverse aspects of public service and local government, understanding of public administration at the national, regional and local levels. However, based on the provisions of the Charter in Ukraine continued reforms based on decentralization. Its main goal is to implement the principle of subsidiarity and optimize management processes in public authorities to improve the level of services provided to citizens. This is a purposeful process that leads to a change in purpose, content, methods and forms of education, the educational process of adaptation to the new requirements in public management and administration. Good governance in the public sector requires the formation of teams capable of responding to challenges and managing change, thinking creatively and innovating. At the forefront are the competencies of public servants, such as: change management, effective communication, adequate ethical problem-solving, learning and development strategies, focus on strategies, decision-making, problem-solving and judgment, sensitivity to quality and diversity, focus on results, personal influence, creativity and innovation, information management, sensitivity to the political environment, financial management, analytical skills, understanding of legal and procedural norms, monitoring, control and reporting. The processes of transformation of the theory of public administration and administration are investigated in the article. The course of public administration and local self-government reform in Ukraine is analyzed, the main challenges and tendencies, their influence on development of public management and administration theory and its educational are determined.

ПОДАТКОВА ПОЛІТИКА ТА МЕХАНІЗМ ЇЇ ФОРМУВАННЯ І РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ

The article considers the peculiarities of the functioning of tax policy in the system of the national economy. Emphasis is placed on the essence and content of the concept of "mechanism" in economic theory and the theory of public administration by activity, process, structural and systemic approaches. Special diversity of the types of mechanisms is considered. The classification of mechanisms is offered; it allows to reveal the specifics of the institutional mechanism. There is defined the content of the institutional mechanism of formation and implementation of tax policy as a system of institutional entities, which has a direct impact on regulators in the field of taxation and is guided by the principles of market regulation - tax regime as a formal institution and tax culture, responsibility and trust as informal institutions. The purpose of the institutional mechanism is to create an institutional environment capable of ensuring the continuous development of tax relations between, on the one hand, business, public and government sector and, on the other hand, public authorities at various levels with the transformation of informal business and non-profit rules into a high tax culture and continuous functioning of the tax system. The main elements of the institutional mechanism of formation and implementation of tax policy are characterized, namely principles, object, institutions, subjects and regulators, tools, results of action. Tools are the "core" of the institutional mechanism. It is proposed to divide them into groups of institutional, administrative, financial and mobilization, incentive, budget, transfer, procedural, transactional, regime, information tools. Particular attention is paid to administrative instruments, as well as to the outcome of the institutional mechanism.

Bureaucracy and the Other: A Systematic Review of Postcolonial Scholarship in Public Administration

We report findings from a systematic literature review of last two decades of research on postcolonial theory in public administration. Our review points out that postcolonial public administration scholarship provides important insights regarding colonial origins of bureaucracy in many parts of the world; the continuing legacies of colonial governance in postcolonial states; and contemporary neocolonial influences on international public administration in the context of globalization and development. Our review further suggests that despite making significant contributions towards understating bureaucratic traditions, and limitations of policy design and implementation in developing countries, engagement with postcolonial perspectives remains limited within the discipline.

Digital Economy as A Highest Stage Development of Infocommunication Technologies

The article examines the concept of “digital economy” and its relationship with information and communication technologies of the 21st century, from the standpoint of economic theory and practice of public administration. Also, the article reveals the implementation of the digital economy and using prospects in industry, public and social services, household management in the life. The content and structural composition of the digital economy, instrumental base and information content are detailed. The experience of advanced countries in using the achievements of the digital economy in industrial and social spheres of activity is analyzed.

МЕТОДЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ НАЛОГОВЫМИ РИСКАМИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПАНДЕМИИ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ (ОПЫТ РОССИИ И ПОЛЬШИ)

The article examines the methods of public governance during the first wave of coronavirus infection in the context of ensuring the national tax security. The authors use the experience of Russia and Poland – two post-socialist countries having the same foundations of administrative and legal systems. The purpose of the paper is to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of public governance methods used by public authorities to support the economic systems of Russia and Poland from the point of view of their impact on national tax security. The methodological basis of the research is the philosophical theory of security within the framework of which the characteristics of such phenomena as security risks and threats, as well as the principles of its provision, have been developed, The authors also used the formal legal interpretation of legal acts to select normative legal acts fixing the applied methods of public administration as well as to clarify their provisions in accordance with the rules of formal logic and jurisprudence. The comparative method was used to select and compare with each other Russian and Polish normative legal acts, Russian and foreign doctrinal sources in the field of theory and practice of public administration, administrative and tax law. The empirical basis of the research consists of normative legal acts and state statistics of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Poland, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. The characteristics of tax risks caused by the coronavirus pandemic are revealed, and their correlation with threats to tax security is established. The authors’ classification tax risk governance methods in the context of the coronavirus pandemic is carried out, administrative and economic measures that directly and indirectly affect the tax system are also characterized by the authors. Conclusions are made about the effectiveness of the main tax risk governance measures applied in Russia and Poland, while the Russian measures differ in a wide variety and a high proportion of proactive support measures. The theoretical and practical significance of the research lies in the fact that it allows to identify the existing potential of governance decisions in the event of another wave of a pandemic or the emergence of new crisis phenomena in the economy, accompanied by a reduction in supply and demand in the markets (military conflicts, natural and man-made emergencies, etc.).

Principles of ensuring economic security

The problem of economic security continues to remain relevant today, since the unstable, rapidly changing social and economic situation does not allow hoping for a quick solution to the institutional and infrastructural aspects of the development of economic systems. An important place in this issue is occupied by theoretical and methodological principles of ensuring economic security, the degree of development of which is still far from satisfactory. A review of regulatory documents and scientific papers on the principles of ensuring economic security indicates the dominance of the legislative and doctrinal approach. At the same time, systemic, process, situational approaches to the problem of economic security and the principles of its provision remain poorly studied and insufficiently developed. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the development feasibility of additional methodological tools, the core of which can be system, process, situational approaches, and the underlying principles along with the widespread legislative and doctrinal approach in the field of ensuring economic security. The proposed methodology based on systemic, process and situational approaches is based on principles that have proven themselves well in various branches of science. These principles are especially widespread in the theory and practice of both public administration and corporate management. The article proposes the principles of ensuring economic security, including the principle of increasing and orchestrated efforts, the principle of balance, and the principle of cyclical development, which can be useful in developing methodological measures defined in the Economic Security Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period till 2030.

Education in Government Communications: Case of Ukraine

The article highlights building prerequisites that help to tackle problems related to the insufficient government communications and poor information provided to potential audiences in participatory democracies. The analysis has shown that many counties face the lack of strategic communications (both horizontal and vertical) and thus, create concerns about misunderstanding and bottlenecks in design and implementation of public policies. This problem expands when countries undergo rapid, systemic, fundamental changes, in particular due to the energy transition. Ukraine is not an exemption. Lack of real competition between MPA programs, pre-service and in-service training programs for public servants in Ukraine and poor quality of programs leave a niche for educational institutions to take the leading position. Hence, Kyiv Mohyla School of Governance (hereinafter – KMSGov) launched very specific and need oriented MPA program in Government Communications. The program was designed in close cooperation with Ukrainian public authorities and become client oriented. The program is innovative and one of a kind due to its integrity and consistency. It is student-centered and widely uses case studies, simulations and PBL techniques. In addition, the program consists of logically interconnected courses, which complement each other and provide broad pattern of particularities of evidence-based public policy design and implementation, public administration and management theory and practice, modern features of government communications and policy advocacy. Due to COVID restrictions and worldwide lockdown the Government Communication MPA program provided by KMSGov was fully transferred into on-line format without losing its quality. It became possible due modern information and communication technologies (tested in February-July 2020). The paper provides brief overview and main results of the analysis of the existing MPA programs and key particularities of the newly launched program.

The Representative Presidency in the Constitutional Order

This is a review essay reflecting on six recent publications addressing the question of the power of the presidency. The publications reviewed are Jeremy D. Bailey’s The Idea of Presidential Representation: An Intellectual and Political History, Sarah Burns’s The Politics of War Powers: The Theory and History of Presidential Unilateralism, Stephen F. Knott’s The Lost Soul of the American Presidency: The Decline into Demagoguery and the Prospects for Renewal, David J. Siemers’s The Myth of Coequal Branches: Restoring the Constitution’s Separation of Functions, Jeffrey Tulis’s The Rhetorical Presidency, and Mariah Zeisberg’s War Powers: The Politics of Constitutional Authority.

مبادئ الجودة الشاملة وتطبيقاتها فى الکتاب والسنة (جودة الصلاة أنموذجاً)

مفهوم الجودة من السمات الأساسية للعصر الحاضر حيث اتبع استخدامه فى کل المجالات وأصبح العالم کله يعتنق مفهوم الجودة الشاملة، وکان الإسلام الرائد الأول فى وضع الأسس والمبادىء التى تدعو إلى اتقان العمل؛ لأن جودة العمل واتقانه صفة ملازمة لأى عمل يقوم به المسلم ليکون عمله متقبلا عند الله تعالى، ويهدف البحث الحالى إلى تأصيل مفهوم الجودة الشاملة وتطبيقاتها فى القرآن الکريم والسنة النبوية المطهرة لمفاهيم الجودة الشاملة العشرة وهى ( المطابقة ، التحسين المستمر، الرقابة، القيادة الفاعلة، العمل الجماعى، قيمة الوقت، تحقيق رضا المستفيد، التدريب، التحفيز، التغيير ) ، مع التطبيق على فريضة الصلاة لأهميتها فى حياة المسلم وآخرته؛ وذلک لإثبات نظرة الإسلام المتکاملة والمتوازنة للکون والحياة والإنسان واستيعابه لحياة الأفراد والمجتمعات بجميع جوانبها العلمية والعملية ، وسبق المنظور الإسلامى لمفهوم الجودة للمفهوم الغربى الذى أصبح من أهم النظريات الإدارية فى القرن العشرين. Abstract : The concept of quality is one of the basic features of the present era, as it followed its use in all fields and the whole world became embracing the concept of total quality, and Islam was the first pioneer in laying the foundations and principles calling for the perfection of work. Because the quality and mastery of work is an inherent characteristic of any work performed by a Muslim so that his work is acceptable to God Almighty, and the current research aims to establish the concept of total quality and its applications in the Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah of the Prophet that purifies the ten concepts of comprehensive quality which are (conformity, continuous improvement, control, effective leadership, action. Collective, time value, customer satisfaction, training, motivation, change)With the application to the obligatory prayer of its importance in the life and hereafter of the Muslim; This is to prove the integrated and balanced view of Islam of the universe, life and man and its understanding of the lives of individuals and societies in all its scientific and practical aspects, and preceded the Islamic perspective of the concept of quality of the Western concept, which became one of the most important administrative theories in the twentieth century Keyword: overall quality, prayer, conformity, training, motivation, value of time.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA: REASSESSMENT AFTER THIRTY YEARS

The purpose of the article is to point out the priority issues of modernization of public administration system in the Republic of Armenia. Reassessment refers to periodic reevaluation of public administration theory’s provisions progress, growing importance and the role of public administration in the modern Armenian state. Taking into consideration the special status of public administration in transitional countries, the current research have been undertaken on the main issues of speedy development. Besides, the paper reviews a fresh and revised picture on public administration having target to make suggestions on further improvement the whole system. The study was conducted on theoretical basics of public administration, using a comparative method of classic and new public management concepts. Considering statements based on theory and formulating theory as an object, we proceed to substantiate, showing that from the point of view of political science, public administration is considered as a comparative and social activity, which means the influence of government policies and actions on the state and society. A brief outline of the conceptual framework for determining the main stages of public administration reforms in the Republic of Armenia and general relations with the bloc of Central and Eastern European countries is given. Summing up, our findings in this paper strongly suggest that modernization of the public administration should be carried out at three main levels: the state, the institutional and the social. The key point in this process is to develop the capacity to support policy.

French scientific School of Public Administration theory

French scientific School of Public Administration theory