Theoretical Objections Research Articles

Introspective knowledge by acquaintance

Introspective knowledge by acquaintance is (roughly) knowledge we have by being directly aware of our phenomenally conscious states. In this paper, I argue that introspective knowledge by acquaintance is a sui generis kind of knowledge: it is irreducible to any sort of propositional knowledge and is wholly constituted (rather than merely enabled) by a relationship of introspective acquaintance. My main argument is that this is the best explanation of some epistemic facts about phenomenal consciousness and introspection. In particular, it best explains the epistemic asymmetry between a subject who has never had a certain phenomenal state and one who has. I also consider two theoretical objections to my claim: an objection from disunity and an objection from mysteriousness. I show that these objections can be answered and that introspective knowledge by acquaintance being sui generis remains a live option on the table.

The Digitalization of Strategic Sale Price Determination Using “Mer-syprice” Application in MSME Creative Sector

The aims of this study include: 1) the theoretical objective is to analyze the effect of Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use on Attitude Toward Using and Behavioral Intentions in using Web-Based Mersyprice in the perspective of the Technology Acceptance Model theory, 2) the purpose of technology is to analyze the acceptance of Mersyprice Application by users. In the data collection process, a Focus Group Discussion was held using Zoom, attended by 200 MSME actors from the creative sector and the main agenda was brainstorming on the use of Mersyprice in the process of determining strategic selling prices for their products. Immediately after the brainstorming ended, a questionnaire using Google Form was sent to participants to fill out. Data processing was carried out in 2 stages; stage 1 was data analysis to achieve the theoretical goal using Structural Equation (SEM). Stage 2 carried out to achieve the technological goal of analyzing the “product acceptance” of the Mersyprice application using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). From the first stage of analysis, empirical evidence obtained that Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use affect Behavioral Intention to Use through Attitude Toward Using the Mersyprice application. Respondent considered the Ease of Use variable to be more important. The result of the second stage of the analysis found that 47% of SMEs strongly intend to use, and 35% intend to use Mersyprice. With these results, further research will be carried out to develop the Mersyprice application into a more user-friendly application so that it can be used more widely.

On Bridging of the Academic-Practitioner Divide in Business Education: New Opportunities in the New Era

When described by management practitioners, academic management research is often characterized as unconcerned with practical problems and outright dismissive of practitioners’ needs, in addition to being jargon-laden, overly mathematical, theoretical, and self-referential. That unflattering characterization is generally believed to be a product of rigor vs. relevance paradox, which is at the core of the perceived lack of practical utility of theoretical management research. More specifically, it is a reflection of systemic misalignment of (management) practitioners’ informational needs, which center on insight uniqueness as a key ‘ingredient’ of organizations’ ability to create and sustain competitive advantage, and the broadly framed goals of theoretical research, which emphasize the search for universal truths in the form of generalizations. However, the now rapidly unfolding Age of Data is creating an opportunity to bridge – and perhaps even close – the persistently unproductive management theoretical research – management practice divide. The opportunity to bridge that gap stems from the growing importance of ongoing organizational learning centered on thoughtful and methodologically sound utilization of organizational data resources, recently framed as learning with data, and rooted in the notion of data analytic literacy. This article discusses how the need to validly and creatively utilize readily available and vast data resources can lead to a closer alignment of management practitioners’ informational needs and management researchers’ theoretical objectives.

IMPORTANCE OF USING DISTANCE LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The theory of distance education can be thought of as a set of meetings and ideas aimed at explaining the educational process in the system of distance learning technology. From a formal point of view, distance learning theory, as the most advanced form for the organization of generalized reliable scientific knowledge, is a system that explains and predicts a certain component of the theoretical object, the activity of the education system. Distance learning technology is a system of forms, methods and teaching aids that ensure the most effective achievement of the goal in the implementation of a given educational content. In addition, the content of the training is considered as a set of tasks that provide the composition and structure of educational information provided to students, as well as the formation of professions, education, skills and abilities, the accumulation of initial professional experience. Therefore, technology is a didactic application of scientific knowledge, analysis of the educational process, scientific approaches to the organization, a tool that characterizes the educational process and achieves learning objectives.

A Survey on Gaps between Mean-Variance Approach and Exponential Growth Rate Approach for Portfolio Optimization

Portfolio optimization can be roughly categorized as the mean-variance approach and the exponential growth rate approach based on different theoretical foundations, trading logics, optimization objectives, and methodologies. The former and the latter are often used in long-term and short-term portfolio optimizations, respectively. Although the mean-variance approach could be applied to short-term portfolio optimization, the performance may not be satisfactory (same with the exponential growth rate approach to the long-term portfolio optimization). This survey mainly explores the gaps between these two approaches, and investigates what common ideas or mechanisms are beneficial. Besides, the evaluating framework of this field and some unsolved problems are also discussed.

Materialism: A Caring Obituary

The notion of materialism initially appears in the writings of its Christian opponents in late seventeenth-century England. Only in eighteenth-century France materialism is first posthumously claimed by a catholic priest, Meslier, and then by authors such as La Mettrie and d’Holbach, at the risk of persecution and imprisonment: Diderot enjoys the hospitality of the fortress of Vincennes for rearranging the materialist stance within his sensualist multiverse. In the nineteenth century, Marx reshapes materialism as part of his critique to decontextualized knowledge. Stirner’s discontent with naturalistic objectivity anticipates Nietzsche’s rejection of matter in favour of practices: Engels’ historical materialism and his ahistorical dichotomic construction of materialism versus idealism are instead embraced by Lenin via Plekhanov, and they are further simplified by Stalin. Nietzsche’s approach is recovered by Foucault, Deleuze, and Derrida, who challenge both political and theoretical representation. More recently, Barad recasts this challenge into a processual vocabulary, which renews the semantic constellation of realism, materialism, and materiality. Whilst not dismissing Barad’s new tools, the essay suggests raising the wager: it proposes to extend its own genealogical practice, which reconnects materialism (and matter) with its historical process of production, to any other theoretical object. This recomposition may not only disentangle us from the lexicon of entities – including materialism and matter – but it may also help to construct a novel and potentially hegemonic language of practices.

Identities in flux: evangelical identity in the time of Brexit and Trump

ABSTRACT Since the British referendum vote in 2016 to leave the European Union, scholars have analysed various aspects of this political landmark moment. However, one area that has lacked attention is the role of religion. This article fills that gap by using identity as a theoretical object of analysis to demonstrate the impact Brexit had, in conjunction with the election of Donald Trump as the Republican nominee and later US President, on British evangelical identities. I show how identities fracture and re-formulate during moments of political upheaval, focusing specifically on ethnographic data collected during fieldwork at a prominent evangelical Anglican church in London during the period 2015–2016. I ask: what does it mean to be British and evangelical? How do these religious and national identities interact with each other? Most importantly, how did this interaction change during the referendum and Trump’s election campaign? By investigating how evangelical British identity altered during these two important political events, this article brings attention to one of the most overlooked aspects of the British referendum: religion.

Perceptions of educational interpreting at SU: Towards a more informed and supportive interpreting service

This article reports on a study conducted in October 2019 by the interpreters in the research portfolio of Stellenbosch University’s interpreting service. The study tested student perceptions of interpreting in authentic interpreted lectures amongst two subsets of users: those listening to interpreting in English, mostly out of necessity, and those who listen to interpreted lectures in Afrikaans, largely by choice.[1] The research project was undertaken to gain a better understanding of the value that student users take from the service, and how it helps or hinders their learning. Interpreters wanted to gain insight into their users’ evolving needs and into the role that they themselves can play in addressing these. The article concludes by recommending practical measures to support students who feel lost and helpless due to a language deficit in the language of instruction. The outcome of the investigation shows the value of interpreting for some, but also the complications and frustration experienced by users in interpreted lectures. It highlights the necessity of thinking differently about our practices and about how these may be adapted in order to meet our users’ needs. Significantly, the results suggest the need for an expanded and more active role for interpreters in and outside the classroom. It also calls for closer collaboration between interpreters, their users and lecturers, which is necessary to negotiate and formalise the terms of a shared learning space. If interpreters are to facilitate meaning-making and understanding for their users in an increasingly remote online application, then innovative measures and in-depth planning will be needed to determine how to achieve this. Through these measures, what is currently a mainly theoretical objective can be converted into the reality of multilingual teaching and learning practices at South African universities. [1] This phenomenon is supported by the data and is discussed in par. 4.1.

На пути к доказательности: принципы описания практик помощи лицам с расстройствами аутистического спектра

<p style="text-align: justify;">The article discusses the current state of efficiency evaluation understanding for practices for children with ASD. The authors provide the algorithm of description in terms of evidence-based approach with intervention features that are crucial for replication and analysis of efficacy, incorporating the theoretical background, target group, goals and objectives, implementation plan, technical support, as well as the research team and evidence studies. These recommendations were developed with reference to the Russian instructional tradition and criteria for evidence-based practices. The article also describes the potential of an evidence-based approach both in terms of confirming the effectiveness of interventions and assistance practices, and their implementation in the practical work of specialists in educational and psychological profiles. The presented algorithm can be used for planning of efficacy studies by psychologists and teachers who develop methods for support and interventions in children with autism spectrum disorders as well as professionals who assess the efficiency of such practices.</p>

景感生态学原理及应用

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 景感生态学原理及应用 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202204040857 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（A类）资助（XDA23030403） The principles and methods of Landsenses ecology Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:生态学是研究生物与环境之间相互关系及其作用机理的科学，是一门与人类生存和社会发展密切相关的学科。景感生态学是能够有效搭建人与其周边环境之间相互服务和反馈的桥梁。基于生态学理论、景感营造实践和环境物联网技术，进一步阐明景感生态学理论基础、基本概念、研究对象、研究内容、基本方法及应用，力图完善景感生态学体系；提出感觉多样性、组合度、互动度、易感度、刺激频度、回味度、惊喜感、距离感、重叠度、覆盖面等关键指标，丰富了景感生态品鉴、体验与评价方法。总结景感营造（或创感模式）增强景感载体、生态基础设施在人类视觉、嗅觉、听觉、味觉、光觉、触觉和心理感知及行为体验等服务范式，旨在提倡生态文明建设过程中充分理顺人与自然和谐共生关系，提升生态环境质量，实现"美丽中国"和可持续发展目标。 Abstract:Ecology studies the interaction and mechanism of action between organisms and the environment, and is closely related to human existence and social development. Landsenses Ecology effectively connects mutual service and feedback between human beings and their surroundings. Prof. Zhao Jingzhu defined landsenses ecology as a scientific discipline that studies land-use planning, construction, and management toward sustainable development, based on ecological principles and the analysis framework of natural elements, physical senses, psychological perceptions, socio-economic perspectives, process-risk, and associated aspects. Based on the ecology theory, the practice of landsense creation and environmental Internet of Things (IoT) technique, this paper tries to improve the landsenses ecology system by further clarifying the theoretical basis, basic concepts, research objects, research contents, basic methodology and applications of it. This paper proposes key indicators such as sensory diversity, combination degree, interaction degree, susceptibility degree, stimulus frequency, aftertaste degree, sense of surprise, sense of distance, degree of overlap and coverage, etc., which enrich the dimensions of ecological appreciation, experience and evaluation methods of landsenses. We summarize that the landsense creation (or mode of creative senses) augments the service paradigms of landsense carriers and ecological infrastructure in human vision, smell, hearing, taste, light sense, touch, psychological perception and behavioral experience, aiming at promoting the idea that a harmonious relationship between human and nature is emphasized with ecological civilization construction, improving the quality of ecological environment, and realizing a "Beautiful China" and Sustainable Development Goals. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

A learning design framework for community resilience: International and transdisciplinary perspectives on a boundary object

To equip graduates to respond to sustainability challenges, higher education institutions are developing programs and innovative pedagogical approaches that target new types of 21st century knowledge and skills. Resilience is a core concept in sustainability discourse, and one that is also driving pedagogical innovation that targets specific learner attributes. We argue that the topic of community resilience – as a theoretical boundary object – presents rich opportunities for transdisciplinary Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). This paper highlights international and cross-disciplinary trends in learning design for community resilience-focused university programs. The results outline the survey responses of 111 educators, researchers, and practitioners from a range of disciplines. One-way analysis of variance showed consistent results across the different groups of participants, regardless of geographic location, disciplinary background, or employment context. The research offers a learning design framework for teaching community resilience in higher education institutions, highlighting the importance of academic—practitioner collaboration in program development, disciplinary expertise to inform transdisciplinary learning, hybridised pedagogical approaches, and fostering student agency through assessment tasks.

Some algebraic structures in KPZ universality

We review some algebraic and combinatorial structures that underlie models in the KPZ universality class. Emphasis is placed on the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence and its geometric lifting due to A.N.Kirillov. We present how these combinatorial constructions are used to analyse the structure of solvable models in the KPZ class and lead to computation of their statistics via connecting to representation theoretic objects such as Schur, Macdonald and Whittaker functions, Young tableaux and Gelfand-Tsetlin patterns. We also present how fundamental representation theoretic concepts, such as the Cauchy identity, the Pieri rule and the branching rule, can be used, alongside RSK correspondences, and can be combined with probabilistic ideas, in order to construct integrable stochastic dynamics on two dimensional arrays of Gelfand-Tsetlin type, in ways that couple different one dimensional stochastic processes. For example, interacting particle systems, on the one hand, and processes related to eigenvalues of random matrices, on the other, thus illuminating the emergence of random matrix distributions in interacting stochastic processes. The goal of the notes is to expose some of the overarching principles, which have driven a significant number of developments in the field.

Street art and protest under pandemic conditions in Colombia: A visual semiotic approach

This article engages in a visual critical semiotic analysis of Medellín street art and its interpretation as political action in the Colombian social mobilisation of 2021. I explore three epistemological turns towards a descriptive and contrastive methodology to contextualize street art and its transformative potential. Firstly, the spatial turn leads us to understand how space and street art function as a framework of life and conflict that challenges viewers socially and politically. Secondly, following Peirceʼs ideas, I reinter preted some images. I explain how they function as theoretical objects related to indices, signs and symbols. According to Mitchell's image turn, the image functions as a significant semantic unit. Thirdly, I read the political turn based on Rancièreʼs works in which he equates the political and the aesthetic as an act of visibility, always existing together at a conceptual and substantive level, and with which emancipation is objective. The article does not try to argue whether street art has a transformative power as this has been widely discussed in the literature. The article looks at street art that appeared in the context of the social mobilisation of 2021-2022, and partially in the context of the recent pandemic as a social transformation, the fact of which was proven by the recent elections.

L’arca terra si muove. Merleau-Ponty e il dibattito sull’Antropocene

In this article, I examine the debate about the Anthropocene through the lens of two images that animate this debate like presuppositions: that of the Globe and that of the Earth. After analyzing the characteristics of the former, I attempt to define the status of the concept of Earth in Merleau-Ponty’s works in relation to the concepts of Nature, life, and background. In a final section, I attempt to valorize the main theoretical objectives achieved by reading Merleau-Ponty in the direction of a new reflection on the notion of the Anthropocene, beyond the Promethean discourse on the Anthropocene (which originates in a vision of the planet as a Globe). For this, we will read together some recent works by Dipesh Chakrabarty and Jeremy Devies that focus precisely on the attempt to rethink the Anthropocene beyond the image of the Globe.

Анализ терминов как инструмент компаративной философии

The article continues the polemics on the problems of interaction of philosophical cultures in the era of globalization, which was started at the meetings of the Round Table "Geography of Rationality". The author gives answers to critical questions, explains the methodology and principles of her work with Indian philosophical texts. A short research of the meta-term "cognitive subject" is an example of her methods. The analysis of cognitive subject aimed to justify the absence of the concepts of reason and rationality in Indian epistemic culture, the cornerstones of Western epistemic culture, since Modern times. The justification was carried out by comparing the generalized model of the cognitive subject, abstracted from the writings of empiricists and rationalists of the XVII–XVIII centuries, with the generalized models of the cognitive subject, reconstructed on the basis of authoritative writings of three variants of Indian epistemological teachings: Advaita Vedānta, Jainism and Buddhism. From the author's point of view, the absence of the concepts of reason and rationality in India leads to the non-classical problem of pluralism of epistemic cultures, and the exploration of the meta-term "cognitive subject" allows us to find, on the one hand, intersections in the contents of epistemologies in Indian philosophy and Western metaphysics of Modern times, and on the other, their incompatible contents, which are specific manifestations of pluralism of epistemic cultures. For her reconstruction of the cognitive subject models the author takes the principle of "double perspective" in combination with the methods of hermeneutical and logical analysis of philosophical terms. The principle determinates the consideration of the theoretical object from two sides: European and Indian. Having appeared in the Western epistemic culture, these methods effectively work to objectify the results of socio-humanitarian research, thanks to which they are becoming increasingly widespread among non-Western cross-cultural philosophers. When the author applies the method of logical analysis to justify the absence of the concepts of reason and rationality in India, she is guided by the rules of logical semantics and the principles of semiotics. The compared terms, Western and Indian, are considered as signs with their own meanings and senses. The senses are understood as sets of predicates important for solving the author’s task. The author of the article, taking into account the experience of famous philosophers, negatively assesses the possibility of solving the problem of unambiguously correct translation.

The Purposive Transformation of Corporate Law

Abstract What is the purpose of a corporation? This fundamental question is as old as corporate law itself, and traditionally it is asked with reference to the ultimate beneficiaries of a corporation’s activities. Modern management theory and the current technology-driven transformation of the economy, however, have breathed new life into the question about corporate purpose. Here, purpose is understood as an animated mission-purpose articulation of the reason for a corporation’s existence; an aspirational idea about its existence that has the capacity to bond internal and external stakeholders to the company, inspiring innovation, productivity, and customer loyalty. This understanding of corporate purpose offers a pathway to a more inclusive and interconnected form of modern capitalism. This approach to purpose is now gaining regulatory traction. In December 2018, the United Kingdom’s “comply or explain” Corporate Governance Code adopted a provision which provides that “the board should establish the company’s purpose.” This Article takes the United Kingdom’s regulatory adoption of mission-purpose as a platform from which we can explore the economic and social benefits of purposeful companies and the legal and non-legal conditions that are necessary to support and nurture such companies. The Article argues that in the absence of purposeful shareholders corporate law must enable companies to construct a zone of insulation which protects its purpose—whatever it may be—from the pressures of immediate shareholder preferences which can compromise mission-purpose. It argues that in jurisdictions where law and market practice prevent the construction of such a zone of insulation, the economic and social benefits of purposeful companies will be unavailable, as mission-purpose disintegrates into the prosaic or a mere marketing device. This claim generates several theoretical and empirical objections, which the Article considers and rejects.

Review: Soundworks: Race, Sound, and Poetry in Production, by Anthony Reed

Review: <i>Soundworks: Race, Sound, and Poetry in Production</i>, by Anthony Reed

Designs for Learning: A Research Approach

&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;In this article, we present some core ideas underpinning research that takes a Designs for Learning (DFL) approach guided by theoretical considerations and choices, as well as by practitioners’ challenges and inquiries. These choices shape, and are shaped by, DFL’s research goals and motives, theoretical orientation, research objectives, questions, and practitioners’ participation and ethical considerations. Further, we present and discuss how DFL as a research approach compares to other design-oriented research strategies. Even if a DFL research approach shares several similarities with other approaches of inquiry, we argue that it remains primarily oriented towards knowledge areas that relate to understanding and developing learning and teaching – both in formal education and in informal settings such as museums.&lt;/p&gt;

Some current objectives and the main role of judicial psychology in modern society

Legal psychology is an interdisciplinary field related to general psychology, social psychology and the science of law and is concerned with the issues of the human aspects of jurisprudence. The psychological nature of legal issues indicates the needs for and the importance of review theoretical and practical-applied objectives. The purpose of this article is to examine the classical objectives of legal psychology, to identify new objectives and to elucidate the main role of forensic psychology in modern society. The results obtained by the method of comprehensive analysis and narrative description indicate the importance of emphasizing the role of interdisciplinary investigations in forensic psychology adjusted to reality, identifying new paradigms and specific methodologies for studying behavior in the judicial process. Studies in forensic psychology that refer to the problems caused by the decisions of the judge or defendant and the identified solutions have extended to the psychology of consent, which indicates the need for epistemological and methodological updating of the object of study in legal psychology.

Channel curvature improves water quality and nutrient filtering in an artificially deepened mesotidal idealized estuary

Estuarine ecology suffers from both physical aspects of human influence, such as dredging, and biogeochemical aspects, such as eutrophication. Apart from being dredged, modern estuaries often manifest rectified geometries deprived of meanders or other nonlinear topographic features. This study has two overarching aims, a theoretical and a practical one. The theoretical objective is to establish an understanding of the effect of physical dynamics induced by channel meanders on the biogeochemical dynamics in a typical estuarine oxygen minimum zone. The practical aim is to clarify whether and how channel curvature can mitigate the consequences of human intervention, such as dredging and eutrophication. To answer these questions, a coupled hydrodynamic and water quality model is applied to a pair of idealized funnel-shaped topographies with dimensions and axial depth distribution similar to the Elbe Estuary, Germany, serving as the prototype estuary in this study. The first topography is symmetric about the channel axis (straight channel), while the second topography contains a small section of sinusoidal meanders in the dredged limnic reach of the estuary. The setups are forced by an M-2 tide and daily salinity and temperature data at the seaward open boundary. Atmospheric and river forcings are based on regional operational and observational data to impose seasonal temperature variability and biogeochemical cycles. The model simulates tidally driven estuarine physics, as well as seasonal estuarine cycles and axial gradients of nutrients, oxygen and plankton that characterize alluvial human-shaped and eutrophied estuaries. The channel meanders in the lower limnic reaches lead to locally enhanced ebb dominance, vertical overturning and increased levels of turbulent kinetic energy. The curvature-induced dynamics decrease turbidity levels by up to 12.5% and increase oxygen concentrations by up to 14% in the area of the oxygen minimum zone, improving the ecological status of the eutrophied estuary. Finally, we assess the sustainability of the ecological benefits of the channel meanders in the face of global warming by applying a simple 2 °C warming scenario to the straight and meandering channel cases. We demonstrate that channel meanders potentially improve estuarine ecology even under increased pressure due to climate change.