Thematic Axes Research Articles

The School Dropout: Causes and Effects in University Education

The objective of the research is to review the most recent topics about the associated determining factors related to university dropout. University abandonment is considered, by most university institutions, as a phenomenon that threatens the prospecting of education and society in general. The research is qualitative and descriptive. Based on the hermeneutics of recent works, with the determination to review what is currently being done with the main theme of the study. The type of article is for review, which, without being original, collects a series of relevant and current information on the thematic axes. The results of the study allowed us to know, identify and analyze the different causes by which the phenomenon of university dropout is activated and even, take into consideration positions from other countries which allowed us to reach relevant dissertations. The conclusions of the research, in addition to knowing the determining factors associated with attrition, also allow us to issue some recommendations to university institutions, to reduce the dropout rate and be able to counteract the social consequences that it entails.

PatentInspector: An Open-Source Tool for Applied Patent Analysis and Information Extraction

Patent analysis is a field that concerns the analysis of patent records, for the purpose of extracting insights and trends, and it is widely used in various fields. Despite the abundance of proprietary software employed for this purpose, there is currently a lack of easy-to-use and publicly available software that can offer simple and intuitive visualizations, while advocating for open science and scientific software development. In this study, we attempt to fill this gap by offering PatentInspector, an open-source, public tool that, by leveraging patent data from the United States Trademark and Patent Office, is able to produce descriptive analytics, thematic axes and citation network analysis. The use and interpretability of PatentInspector is illustrated through a use case on human resource management-related patents, highlighting its functionalities. The results indicate that PatentInspector is a practical resource for conducting patent analytics and can be used by individuals with a limited or no background in coding and software development.

ANALYSIS OF THE EDUCATIONAL POSSIBILITIES OF THE THEME OF BLACK WOMEN IN MATHEMATICS

This article examines the experience of carrying out an educational presentation of scientific dissemination on the participation of black women throughout the history of mathematics, for high school students who visited the Campus of Caraguatatuba of the Federal Institute of São Paulo (IFSP), in May 29, 2023. Therefore, this work articulates research, teaching and extension, in an interdisciplinary way, with the aim of examining the pedagogical possibilities of the thematic axis of black women in mathematics. To support the investigation, a theoretical review was carried out on this subject, through the search for academic works on the subject, using, for this, the “Google Scholar” tool. A questionnaire, which was designed to ascertain the views of those present on the topics covered, was answered by 15 high school students who attended the presentation. The results of this research point to the importance of the concept of intersectionality that takes into account gender, race and class identities when investigating the trajectories of black women who are professionally dedicated to mathematics, as researchers and educators.

Cómo la pragmática apoya el desarrollo de la competencia intercultural luchando contra los estereotipos nacionales y el humor de denigración

For some time now, great importance has been attached to intercultural competences in teaching foreign languages. The aim of this article is to present the contribution of cognitive grammar and pragmatics to this thematic axis in Spanish as a foreign language class. To achieve this, we will focus on the concept of prototype and stereotype. For this we will proceed to deciphering the meanings contained in the word „Spaniard”. Next, we will try to explain the reasons for their occurrence by observing some communicative behaviors that can also form the basis of denigration humor. We believe that linguistics can help in teaching intercultural competences as it helps to understand the causes of various misunderstandings that arise between representatives of different nations; misunderstandings, which often become the basis of various stereotypes reflected in slanderous humor. It is worth adding that the role of linguistics in this area is not only to convey knowledge about a specific language – in this case Spanish – but also to help understand the functioning of the human language and in this way educate future generations. Only by understanding the processes taking place in stereotypes, i.e., how they arise, how they work and how they can be reflected in humor, will we be able to overcome them.

Bibliometric research analysis of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs): evidence and research activity dynamics

The escalating issue of water pollution has become a worldwide issue that has captured the attention of numerous scientists. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have emerged as adaptable materials with exceptional attributes, including easy synthesis, low cost, remarkable durability, long life, and accessibility. These attributes have motivated researchers to develop novel materials based on MIPs to tackle hazardous contaminants in environmental matrices. The purpose of this paper was to conduct a bibliometric analysis on MIPs’ publications, in order to shed light on the developments and focus points of the field. The selected publications were obtained from Scopus database and subjected to a filtering process, resulting in 11,131 relevant publications. The analysis revealed that the leading publication source (journal) is Biosensors and Bioelectronics; the mostly employed keywords are solid-phase extraction, electrochemical sensor, and molecular recognition; and the top contributing countries are China, Iran, and the USA. The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm was used for extracting thematic axes from the textual content of the publications. The results of the LDA model showcase that the topic of synthesis and performance of MIPs for environmental applications can be considered as the most dominant topic with a share value of 72.71%. From the analysis, it can be concluded that MIPs are a cross-disciplinary research field.

Methodological approach for an Atlas of architectural design in built heritage: contributions of the School of Porto

PurposeThis research seeks to provide methodological bases for the identification, documentation and critical reflection of good practices of architectural design in built heritage. These are applied explicitly to the School of Porto architects, which express a high sense of pedagogy and community practice in this field. The methodological approach defines the selection criteria for a georeferenced inventory and the procedures for in-depth analysis of adaptive reuse strategies.Design/methodology/approachThe works included in the inventory were selected according to geographical, chronological, typological, qualitative and quantitative criteria. The cases chosen for in-depth analysis have been studied along four thematic axes to dissect all the intervention processes (previous state, design/construction and final state). This approach is supported by a cross-analysis of different sources (oral, written, graphic) and using drawing as a fundamental research tool.FindingsThe research has collected and disseminated up to 150 works by 44 architects, providing a comprehensive portrait of heritage intervention by the School of Porto over the past decades. The selection of 22 buildings for in-depth documentation reveals a particular sensibility toward the cultural values through a case-by-case approach based in deep knowledge of the preexisting context and the introduction of contemporary additions in continuity and harmonious relation with the environmental and sociocultural context.Originality/valueThis work provides a novel methodology suitable for further extension and adaptation to other case studies, as a first contribution to a more comprehensive “Atlas of Architectural Design in Built Heritage” with European case studies. The research aims to introduce new and deeper perspectives on reference works that may constitute pedagogy for the future practice of architects within contextual, inclusive and sustainable approaches.

British Projection in Spain During the World Wars

During the First and the Second World War, the international powers mobilised propaganda machinery that was employed to control the public opinion on allied, enemy, and neutral countries, such as Spain. Great Britain made important efforts to organise its propaganda activities through campaigns promoted by diverse organisations, channels, and thematic axes. The objective of this article is to analyse the British propaganda deployed in Spain during the First and the Second World War, studying the continuity patterns and outstanding particularities of the propaganda machinery, the channels employed, and the messages transmitted.

A ATIVIDADE LÚDICA COMO CONTEÚDO DA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR E SUAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL: UMA ANÁLISE DO CURRÍCULO MUNICIPAL DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE

The present study aims to investigate the playful aspects, represented by games and play activities, and their relationship with the teaching, learning, and development process of preschool children based on the concepts of Historical-cultural Psychology and Historical-critical Pedagogy, through the analysis of the new municipal curriculum of the city of Presidente Prudente. The research is grounded in the historical-dialectical materialist method, using documentary analysis as a research procedure, specifically concerning the Early Childhood Education section, more specifically the field of experience 'body, gestures, and movements.' Based on the assumptions of Historical-critical Pedagogy and Historical-cultural Psychology, the importance of playful activities for child development and the teaching-learning process of children in early childhood education is emphasized, justifying the analysis of the use of play activities in pedagogical practices in this stage of basic education. Through the curriculum analysis, the following thematic axes emerged: Body Culture as a means of cognitive development in early childhood education; the importance of role-playing games for the development of preschool children; the phases of play and play activities in the teaching-learning process; playfulness and its peculiarities regarding its contribution to psychological development in early childhood education. It can be concluded that the curriculum contains a vast body of knowledge that, when used as a pedagogical tool, can significantly contribute to child development. This demonstrates the importance and value of this document for the teaching-learning-development process of students in the municipal education system of Presidente Prudente.

Academic performance beyond the metrics: A qualitative content analysis of nursing students' perceptions

AimTo explore the undergraduate nursing students' perceptions about the factors influencing their academic performance. BackgroundAcademic performance is the measure for the achievement of learning objectives and skills development. Thus, the literature on nursing education has already pointed out the factors associated with this construct. However, it is essential to understand the in-depth influencers of academic performance from the perspective of nursing students. For this, it is essential to analyze not only numerical indicators, but also to understand the perceptions of undergraduate students about the factors that can influence this performance. DesignDescriptive study with qualitative approach. MethodsTwenty-two undergraduate nursing students were recruited from a Brazilian public university. Interviews were collected and submitted to Content Analysis, thematic modality, and discussed according to references of critical and humanist education. ResultsTwo thematic categories emerged from the interviews representing the students' perceptions: 1. The student - history and relationships, with the thematic axis quality of previous education, intrafamily processes and roles, family support, socioeconomic aspects, interpersonal relationships, copping with difficulties, mental health, and physical well-being; and 2. Academic experiences and their challenges, with the thematic axis academic adaptation, professor's didactics and preparation, structure and support provided by the University, management of study time, and participation in extracurricular activities. The students saw them as intervening factors in their academic performance, physical and psychological well-being, established interpersonal relationships (including the relation with peers and professors), family structure, socioeconomic aspects, academic conditions, and the transition to higher education. ConclusionFrom the perspective of students, socio-historical aspects and constructs established in relationships with colleagues and professors at the university are directly related to their academic performance and directly influence their ability to achieve the proposed learning objectives and acquire essential competencies for their education.

Framework for the Strategic Adoption of Industry 4.0: A Focus on Intelligent Systems

Despite growing interest in smart manufacturing, there is little information on how organizations can approach the alignment of strategic processes with Industry 4.0. This study seeks to fill this knowledge gap by developing a framework for the integration of Industry 4.0 techniques and artificial intelligence systems. This framework will serve as a conceptual guide in the digital transformation processes toward Industry 4.0. This study involved a systematic literature review of the important methodological proposals and identification of thematic axes, research topics, strategic objectives, challenges, drivers, technological trends, models, and design architectures. In total, 160 articles were selected (120 were published between 2017 and 2022). The results provide insights into the prospects for strategic alignment in the adoption of Industry 4.0. The conceptualization of the framework shows that Industry 4.0 needs strategic adjustments mainly in seven objectives (business model, change mindset, skills, human resources, service level, ecosystem, interconnection, and absorption capacity) derived from 10 thematic axes and 28 research topics. Understanding the strategic adoption of Industry 4.0 and artificial intelligence is vital for industrial organizations to stay competitive and relevant in a constantly evolving business landscape.

Relationships between Informal Sports Leadership and Emotional Intelligence: A Cross-Sectional Study

Sports leadership research has increased in recent years in sport psychology and is now considered an indication of variables such as sport efficacy, satisfaction and happiness with sport, and emotional well-being. The aim of this manuscript is to analyze the relationship between informal sports leadership and each of the dimensions of emotional intelligence. Two validated and standardized instruments were applied to measure each of the psychological constructs, respectively, that make up the thematic axis of this research. Thus, to measure self-perceived leadership, we used the Sport Leadership Behavioral Scale and its Spanish version, the Sport Leadership Behavioral Inventory. On the other hand, to measure the self-perceived emotional intelligence of the participants, we used the Trait Meta Mood Scale (TMMS-24). The total number of participants was 163 students with a mean age of 20.33 years (SD = 3.44) from university degrees related to physical activity and sport sciences. The main contribution of our research lies in the demonstration that there is a statistically significant relationship between clarity and emotional regulation with empathy (=0.18, p < 0.001), decision making (=0.08, p < 0.001), social support l (=0.19, p < 0.001) and sports values (=0.01, p < 0.001). This indicates that the definition of a leader is a person who is aware of their own emotions and those of their group, who fosters positive, communicative, supportive inter-relationships based on sporting values, through the exercise of a positive influence on the other members of the group. In conclusion, this research demonstrates the existence of a significant connection between the components of emotional intelligence (attention, clarity and regulation) and sports leadership (social support, empathy, sports values, decision making and task orientation). Thus, this study concludes that this link is characterized by being direct and positive.

Zapping Zone and Level Five. Between the visitor’s experience of the video installation and the filmmaker’s reflection of the essay film

The displacement from the essay film to the video installation has in Chris Marker one of its first and most relevant figures. The comparative study of Zapping Zone. Proposal for an imaginary television (1990) and Level Five (1997) allows for the analysis of the construction and complexification, and the deconstruction and saturation processes that take place between the most complex expression of the Markerian essay film and its transformation into the video installation. Zapping Zone responds to the embodiment of both the magmatic stage of the postmodern audiovisual era and the starting point of the filmmaker's work (documentaries, essay films, video installations, etc.), which would be the opposite of the writer’s blank page: a saturated world of images that needs to be selected, analysed and worked on in order to build meaning. Level Five offers the filmmaker’s reflection on that same reality, applied to the Battle of Okinawa, through a complex audiovisual thinking process that hybridises different types of images—documentary and fictional; analogue and electronic—devices—epistolary video diary, video game and cyberspace—and their authorial subjectivities—Laura, Laura’s lover and Chris—in order to reflect on the relationship between these audiovisual forms and spaces and the thematic axis memory-pain-oblivion.

Time-Tested Strategies in Modern Context: A Bibliometric Study of Chemotherapy's Continued Importance in Colorectal Cancer Treatment.

In the landscape of colorectal cancer treatment, classical chemotherapeutic agents such as 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, trifluridine, and tipiracil have historically played a pivotal role. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the top 100 most influential articles focusing on these classic chemotherapy drugs in the management of colorectal cancer. With this, we shed light on their current importance, despite the emergence of new therapeutic targets and treatments in the field of oncology. Systematically evaluating research outputs, this analysis reveals a prevalence of co-authorship among institutions, countries (led by the United States, China, and Europe), and researchers highlighting the global and collaborative nature of efforts in research, utilization, and development of these drugs. Three thematic axes lead the research: pharmacogenetics, the development of new pharmaceutical forms, and the use of adjuvants. This research serves as a foundation for future endeavors, aiding researchers, clinicians, and policymakers in making informed decisions about the direction of research and development in the dynamic field of colorectal cancer therapy.

Maternal health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experiences of health workers in three Brazilian municipalities.

To analyze the experiences of maternal health workers in three Brazilian cities, located in the Northeast (São Luís), Southeast (Niterói), and South (Pelotas) regions during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative research carried out between December 2020 and February 2021. Interviews were conducted, in person or remotely, with 30 health workers, doctors and nurses, working in maternity hospitals of different degrees of complexity. Sociodemographic characteristics, employment relationships and professional qualification of the interviewees were described. Two thematic axes were identified: 1) changes in hospital organization and dynamics in the pandemic; 2) Illness and suffering of health workers. The majority of respondents were women. Most physicians had work relationships in the public and private sectors. In Niterói, health workers had better professional qualifications and more precarious work relationships (as temporary hires), compared to São Luís and Pelotas. In the context of the uncertainties resulting from the pandemic, this situation generated even more insecurity for those workers. The statements at the beginning of the pandemic covered topics such as changes in the organizational dynamics of services, healthcare, telemedicine, and interaction between health workers and users. In the health workers' perception, the initial period of the health emergency, which resulted in intense changes in the provision of services, was marked by an increase in preterm births, perinatal mortality, and fetal losses. Work overload, fear of contamination, concern for family members and uncertainties regarding the new disease caused intense suffering in health workers who had little institutional support in the cities studied. The suffering experienced by health workers went beyond the work dimension, reaching their private life. Changes caused by the pandemic required immediate adjustments in professional practices, generating insecurities in healthcare regardless of the location studied. The method of hiring health workers remained the same as the previously practiced one in each city. Due to the risk of disease transmission, measures contrary to humanization practices, and more restrictive in São Luís, were reported as harmful to obstetric care. The Covid-19 pandemic was a huge challenge for the Brazilian health system, aggravating the working conditions experienced by health workers. In addition to the work environment, it was possible to briefly glimpse its effects on private life.

Value stream analysis of a waste picker cooperative

Purpose: This article aims to propose improvements to a solid waste cooperative’s value stream from social, environmental, and economic aspects of sustainability and within the scope of lean philosophy. Design/Methodology/Approach: An empirical piece of research was developed to obtain an overview of the productive process of a cooperative located in the city of Florianópolis, in Southern Brazil, starting with the application of Value Stream Mapping (VSM) in a case study. Results: Some sustainability challenges in waste management were identified in the studied cooperative’s reality, such as: Urban Solid Waste (USW) inefficient management; lack of resources to help with basic expenses, which jeopardizes the individual income earned by pickers; risks to workers when carrying out activities without personal protective equipment and instructions on how to perform tasks properly, in addition to the disorganized environment, which results in high piles of waste and puts the workers’ health at risk. Research Limitations: As limitations, it is possible to list the focus on a single material flow for better applicability of VSM and non-implementation of the improvements proposed. Practical Implications: Results contributed to the cooperative analyzed in this study by identifying the main waste that compromise the organization’s operational and sustainable efficiency. Originality/Value: There is a research gap on the thematic axes of this study in the context of waste picker cooperatives; this article is therefore original for addressing the application of VSM with a sustainable bias in reverse logistics of solid waste.

As emoções dos professores da Faculdade de Biblioteconomia e Ciências Arquivísticas da UNAM em tempos de COVID-19

The article shows part of the results of a survey applied to 115 teachers at the end of 2021 and the beginning of 2022 assigned to the College of Library Science and Archives of the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters of the National Autonomous University of Mexico. The objective was to know the emotions involved in the online teaching process during and at the end of lockdown based on four thematic axes: physical space; technological equipment and Internet connection; interaction with students and post-pandemic. The results reflect a higher frequency of positive emotions rather than negative related to the physical space, with the technological equipment and Internet connection in teachers, which allows inferring a favorable emotional state. Likewise, the teachers expressed empathy and solidarity towards the problems that affect the interaction with their students. However, despite the fact that there is a positive emotion for the return to face-to-face classes, even in a hybrid modality, the teachers reaffirmed the importance of having specialized support in managing emotions.

Permanence of deaf students at the Federal University of Acre: remote education and pandemic

This article aims to list the difficulties and challenges of deaf students, college professor and translators and interpreters of Libras during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was applied at the Federal University of Acre - Campus Sede, in Rio Branco, and the Campus Floresta, in Cruzeiro do Sul in the State of Acre in 2021. The methodology is qualitative and the study comprises field research of an exploratory and descriptive nature, whose production of empirical data was based on individual and collective interviews and a questionnaire focused on the thematic axes of bilingual education for the deaf, permanence and pandemic. We can indicate numerous limitations imposed on deaf college professor and students in relation to the reality they experience, always permeated by fear, uncertainty and severe exhaustion, by the insufficient and restricted actions proposed by the analyzed institution.

Clustering Research Proposal Submissions to Understand the Unmet Needs ofMilitary Clinicians.

The Advanced Medical Technology Initiative (AMTI) program solicits research proposals for technology demonstrations and performance improvement projects in the domain of military medicine. Advanced Medical Technology Initiative is managed by the U.S. Army Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center (TATRC). Advanced Medical Technology Initiative proposals span a wide range of topics, for example, treatment of musculoskeletal injury, application of virtual health technology, and demonstration of medical robots. The variety and distribution of central topics in these proposals (problems to be solved and technological solutions proposed) are not well characterized. Characterizing this content over time could highlight over- and under-served problem domains, inspire new technological applications, and inform future research solicitation efforts. This research sought to analyze and categorize historic AMTI proposals from 2010 to 2022 (n = 825). The analysis focused specifically on the "Problem to Be Solved" and "Technology to Demonstrated" sections of the proposals, whose categorizations are referred to as "Problem-Sets" and Solution-Sets" (PS and SS), respectively. A semi-supervised document clustering process was applied independently to the two sections. The process consisted of three stages: (1) Manual Document Annotation-a sample of proposals were manually labeled along each thematic axis; (2) Clustering-semi-supervised clustering, informed by the manually annotated sample, was applied to the proposals to produce document clusters; (3) Evaluation and Selection-quantitative and qualitative means were used to evaluate and select an optimal cluster solution. The results of the clustering were then summarized and presented descriptively. The results of the clustering process identified 24 unique PS and 20 unique SS. The most prevalent PS were Musculoskeletal Injury (12%), Traumatic Injury (11%), and Healthcare Systems Optimization (11%). The most prevalent SS were Sensing and Imaging Technology (27%), Virtual Health (23%), and Physical and Virtual Simulation (11.5%). The most common problem-solution pair was Healthcare Systems Optimization-Virtual Health, followed by Musculoskeletal Injury-Sensing and Imaging Technology. The analysis revealed that problem-solution-set co-occurrences were well distributed throughout the domain space, demonstrating the variety of research conducted in this research domain. A semi-supervised document clustering approach was applied to a repository of proposals to partially automate the process of document annotation. By applying this process, we successfully extracted thematic content from the proposals related to problems to be addressed and proposed technological solutions. This analysis provides a snapshot of the research supply in the domain of military medicine over the last 12 years. Future work should seek to replicate and improve the document clustering process used. Future efforts should also be made to compare these results to actual published work in the domain of military medicine, revealing differences in demand for research as determined by funding and publishing decision-makers and supply by researchers.

An estuary stress index based on nekton relationships with thematic watershed stressors

Estuaries provide essential ecosystem functions, including serving as nurseries for fish and aquatic invertebrates (i.e., nekton). Understanding how anthropogenic stressors affect the habitat quality of estuaries is a crucial component of fisheries conservation. A meaningful composite indicator for estuary stress on the nekton community at regional scales should encapsulate major anthropogenic effects over an assemblage of important species. This study introduces a composite stressor index, using meta-analysis to synthesize trawl and seine-based sampling data on 39 nekton species from 25 monitoring programs covering 38 Pacific Coast estuaries spanning four ecoregions. Candidate stressor variables include pollution sources, urban and agricultural land use, and stream impairments, considered at different spatial scales. For each of the 39 focal species, we screened these stressors using hierarchical statistical models that account for environmental variability (e.g., salinity) across sampling events and systematic biases due to monitoring program protocols and species-specific biogeographic ranges. Based on this screening, we identified a subset of stressors most strongly related to nekton presence/absence. Then we used principal component analysis (PCA) to identify major thematic axes of variation across these stressors and the 38 estuaries. Hierarchical nekton models fit to these axes (i.e., thematic stressors) indicate that urban development is negatively related to most nekton species, while agriculture is often positively related to species presence, though with smaller estimated effects. These models were also used to create the estuary-level composite index of anthropogenic stress. Urban development is the major contributor to the index scores of most estuaries, except in the Oregon-Washington Coast ecoregion, where agriculture is dominant. The composite index indicates that estuaries in the Southern California Bight ecoregion are the most impacted, along with South San Francisco Bay.

Spirituality/religiosity and support network in the perception of women with breast cancer

The diagnosis of breast cancer triggers an emotional impact, generating a variety of feelings. Spirituality and religiosity and support from family, friends and professionals is fundamental in coping with this period of adversity. The objective of this study was to understand how women’s spirituality and social support network help in coping with the diagnosis of breast cancer. This is a qualitative study, carried out in an oncology hospital, with the participation of forty women with breast cancer. For data collection, semi-structured interviews were applied, analyzed using Content Analysis. The thematic axis “Support” was composed of the categories “Spirituality/Religiosity” and “Social support”. Faced with the discovery of a disease that leads to suffering and death, a support network is needed to cope with cancer. Spiritual support was unanimous and faith favored overcoming the initial impact, infusing strength to face the diagnosis. The family represented a unique support, helping with health care and with words of encouragement. Professional support occurred through guidance, kindness in assistance and motivation. The pandemic has impacted social isolation. However, it brought benefits such as greater contact with the family. To cope with the cancer diagnosis, the women studied had social and spiritual support, through emotional support, material and practical resources, received from family members and significant others. These are strategies that need to be explored by the multidisciplinary team at the time of diagnosis, minimizing the impact and accepting the demands presented by women with breast cancer.