Types Of Fabrics Research Articles

Design and Fabrication of an Automatic Cloth Ironing Machine

General automation in household chores uses technology and devices to carry out conveniently or aid in completing ordinary domestic duties, enhancing daily living. However, the traditional method of ironing clothes is one of the everyday tasks around the house that has been waiting for a revolution for a long time. The ironing task is still done by hand and is not automated. The problem is that ironing excessive clothes, especially school uniforms, for a week’s usage can be laborious and time-consuming. Anyone would experience boredom, tiredness and fatigue due to this circumstance when ironing continually. Therefore, to solve the issue, this project was developed to eliminate the tedious ironing process. This project aims to develop an automatic cloth ironing machine using a few low-cost electronic and mechanical components and compare the timing of cloth ironing using an automatic machine and by hand. As a result, a prototype presented a revolutionary initiative that combines modern technology and automation to revolutionise traditional clothing ironing methods. It can respond to specifi c fabric types and sizes, ensuring consistency in the ironing process. In conclusion, a prototype was successfully designed and developed with various low-cost electronic components and mechanical devices, e.g. an Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04, Arduino UNO, a belting system and a steam generator. Then, using the machine is slightly slower by 40 seconds compared to ironing manually. This achievement reassures the potential of the machine. Future development plans include using two steam plates to iron the back and front of the clothes and using a steam generator with a higher power that produces much steam.

Dyeing Characteristics and Performance of Natural Dye derived from Spent Coffee Grounds on Cotton, Silk and Nylon Fabrics using Eco-friendly Dyeing Process

A large amount of spent coffee grounds has been generated from the coffee industry; therefore, much research has been conducted to investigate their applications. For textiles, nowadays an eco-trend has been receiving a greater attention, especially in the textile chemical processing, i.e. dyeing. Natural dye is an option for safer textiles but their performance is still under concerns. In this study, the utilization of a food waste, spent coffee grounds, as a raw material for natural dyeing was investigated. The dye extracted from spent coffee grounds (SCG dye) was analyzed for their chemical composition. The dyeing properties of SCG dye were conducted on cotton, silk, and nylon fabrics. Optimized dyeing performance of SCG dye on the fabrics was investigated at various dyebath pHs. An appropriate dyebath pH for dyeing SCG dye was pH 4 for all the fabric types. SCG dye showed superior dyeing on silk followed by nylon, while it dyed cotton poorly. Non-metal, bio-mordant-enhanced dyeing performance of SCG dye was achieved by post-mordanting the fabrics with tannin from cassava leaves (CL tannin). CL tannin apparently improved the color strength of the dye on silk fabric. The color fastness to washing, crocking, and light of the dyed fabrics in the absence and presence of CL tannin was also reported. SCG dye could enhance the antibacterial properties against S. Aureus for cotton, silk, and nylon, whereas it could not help prevent the growth of E. Coli at the color depth studied. It is evident that CL tannin present on the dyed fabrics improved the antibacterial properties of the dyed fabrics. All of the SCG dyed fabrics displayed excellent UV protection (UPF 50+). From this research, it points out that the SCG dye is a preferable natural dye for further development of eco-textiles with an almost entirely eco-friendly dyeing process.

Steam sterilisation of disposable surgical gowns does not compromise resistance to wet microbial penetration.

Reuse of disposable medical products is common practice in veterinary medicine; however, studies on the safety of such reuse are often lacking. This study aimed to determine whether steam sterilisation of disposable surgical gowns compromises their resistance to wet microbial penetration. Twenty surgical gowns were removed from their sterile packaging, manipulated, wetted, dried and subsequently repacked and steam sterilised. The protocol was performed once (groups A and C) or twice (groups B and D) for both spunbond/meltblown/meltblown/meltblown/spunbond (SMMMS) (groups A and B) and spunlace (groups C and D) fabric types. Wet microbial penetration tests, carried out according to the European Standard EN ISO 22610, were performed and the barrier index (IB) was calculated to assess the performance requirements. The mean IB of the SMMMS fabric (groups A and B) and the spunlace fabric (groups C and D) were 3.496, 3.182, 3.206 and 3.490, respectively. The mean IB for all groups was significantly greater than 2.8 (group A: p = 0.005; groups B, C and D: p <0.001). This was an experimental study with a small sample size, and only one of nine performance requirements specified in the relevant European standards was tested. Furthermore, no cleaning process was implemented, so the test results cannot be directly extrapolated to real-world clinical settings. In terms of wet microbial penetration, as defined by European standards, disposable surgical gowns made of SMMMS or spunlace can be safely steam sterilised up to two times.

Understanding perfume deposition mechanisms on different textile substrates in a realistic laundering process

AbstractThe laundering process is an essential routine for maintaining the cleanliness and freshness of textiles. Achieving an efficient deposition and retention of fragrances on different fabric types remains a complex challenge. This study provides a novel comparison of the impact on perfume deposition of different fabric types across wash cycle stages and wash conditions. The critical role of perfume redeposition during rinsing is examined, where micelles entrapped in the textile matrix break due to surfactant concentrations dropping below the critical micelle concentration (CMC), resulting in the release and subsequent redeposition on fabrics of perfume raw materials (PRMs) contained in the micelles. Our findings reveal that adsorption kinetics are faster on cotton compared with polyester. Cotton, due to its amphoteric nature, exhibits greater interaction with water molecules during rinsing, leading to more significant PRM loss. Conversely, polyester demonstrates a higher PRM retention capacity, which can be attributed to its hydrophobic nature. Surprisingly, however, we find that redeposition during the rinse steps of hydrophobic PRMs is more pronounced on cotton than polyester, which may be due to their respective water retention capacities and consequent effect on the micelle breaking mechanism.

Barrier Properties Against UV Radiation of Woven Fabrics Coated With Micronized Pumice

Abstract This research primarily investigates the UV properties obtained in woven fabrics with different properties coated with micronized pumice. Most of the studies in the textile industry are based on the search for new technologies and materials to produce functional products. In this study, three different types of fabrics woven from polyamide/viscose, polyamide/linen and cotton/silk yarns were covered with 50-μm pumice material at 5%, 10%, and 15% ratios. At these rates, the effect of pumice coating on the physical and UV properties of the mentioned fabrics was investigated. SEM/EDS analysis, tear strength, fabric stiffness (bending length) and air permeability values of the coated fabrics were evaluated. According to the results of the study, it was observed that the UPF values of fabrics coated with 15% pumice were improved by 5.08 times in cotton/silk, 8.7 times in polyamide/viscose and 34.9 times in polyamide/linen compared to control uncoated fabrics.

Generating High-Fidelity Clothed Human Dynamics with Temporal Diffusion

Clothed human modeling plays a crucial role in multimedia research, with applications spanning virtual reality, gaming, and fashion design. The goal is to learn clothed human dynamics from observations and then generate humans with high-fidelity clothing details for motion animation. Despite tremendous advancements in clothing shape analysis by existing approaches, the community still faces challenges in generating convincing visual effects of cloth dynamics, maintaining temporally smooth clothing details, and handling diverse clothing patterns. To address these challenges, we introduce ClothDiffuse, a temporal diffusion model that seamlessly integrates three key components into this task: temporal dynamics modeling, iterative refinement, and diversified generation. Our approach begins by using an encoder to extract high-level temporal features from input human body motions. These features are combined with a learnable pixel-aligned garment feature, serving as prior conditions for the shape decoder. The decoder then iteratively denoise Gaussian noise to produce clothing deformations over time on the input unclothed human bodies. To ensure that the results align with observations and adhere to physical plausibility for clothing shape inference, we propose two physics-inspired loss functions that preserve the intra-frame distances and inter-frame forces of clothing points. Additionally, the stochastic nature of the denoising process allows for the generation of diverse and plausible clothing shapes. Experiments show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods in chamfer distance and visual effects, particularly for loose clothing such as dresses and skirts. Furthermore, our approach effectively adapts to out-of-domain clothing types and generate realistic clothes dynamics.

Examination of Microbial Levels in Students' Bed Linens

Purpose: This paper determined the microbial content of bed linens used by students based on period of usage, gender of user and types of fabrics. Design/Methodology/ Approach: Laboratory tests were conducted on bed linens used by students. Purposive and convenience sampling techniques were employed to select 32 each male and female participants living alone for the study. 32 pieces of bed linens, each 100% cotton and cotton/polyester blend, were used for the experiment. Two categories of gender (male and female) and two different periods of usage (one week and two weeks) were also employed. The statistical software employed to analyse the data collected was the Statistical Package and Service Solution (SPSS) for Windows version 26. Means and standard deviations of microbial load of bed linens were determined. Independent samples t-test and analysis of variance were employed to determine if differences existed between and among the variables studied. Findings: The study found no difference in microbial load in terms of duration and gender of the user. The results also showed more bacteria load on 100% cotton bed linen than on cotton and polyester blends. Research Limitation: The study's sample was confined to a specific group of students at one university, limiting the generalizability of the findings to a broader student population or diverse living conditions. Practical Implication: The study's outcome is significant for public health and daily hygiene practices. The Ghana health service can use the information to educate individuals on the dangers they will likely be exposed to using bed linens for an extended period without washing and raise awareness about the often-overlooked issue of microbial contamination in everyday environments. Social Implication: The study highlights the need for increased awareness and responsibility regarding personal hygiene within living environments. Originality/Value: This study advances the understanding of microbial contamination in students' bed linens by identifying the roles of usage period, user gender, and fabric type.

Numerical study of low-velocity impact performance of hybrid carbon/Twaron woven fabric

In the present study, a finite element impact model of plain-woven fabric was developed and analyzed using commercial FEM code ANSYS® and then validated via a drop-weight impact experiment. Then numerical analysis was carried out to investigate the low-velocity impact performance of hybrid carbon/Twaron fabric. During the analysis, several factors were considered, such as different hybrid ratios of plain fabric, hybrid fabric with different weaves, and the case of a hybrid multi-layer fabric panel. The results show that among the different types of hybrid plain fabric, the impact scenario of plain fabric with a hybrid ratio of 1:1, where carbon yarns are only in the warp direction and Twaron yarns are only in the weft direction (M4-2), has the best impact resistance performance. The impact scenario M4-2 performed excellently in other weaves, such as twill weave, while impact scenario M4-1 (plain fabric with a hybrid ratio of 1:1, one carbon yarns interval with one Twaron yarn) in basket weave showed high suitability for body armor in terms of impact protection. Additionally, arranging Twaron fabric in the top layers of a hybrid multi-layer carbon/Twaron fabric panel yielded superior impact resistance performance during low-velocity impact events compared to other layer arrangements.

Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of three-dimensional multilayered interlaced woven fabrics using stainless steel fibers.

This study explores and discusses the design, the manufacturing and the morphology of three-dimensional (3D) multilayered weft interlaced woven fabrics using stainless steel fibers on the electromagnetic shielding efficiency (SE). Design solutions of 3D multilayered interlaced fabrics in relation to electromagnetic shielding efficiency are still not sufficiently investigated. Moreover, this study aims to analyze the differences in the internal geometry of 3D multilayered weft interlaced fabrics with different number of layers and frequency of connecting points in multilayered woven fabrics on electromagnetic SE. For this study, the input staple yarn 2×20 tex (mixed 80% polyester/20% stainless steel fibers) is used for production of approximately 28 types of different 3D multilayer weft interlaced woven fabrics (two and three-layer), with connecting points ranging from 0.5cm×0.5cm-5cm×5cm. The comparison of internal fabric microstructures indicates statistically significant differences in relation to SE, and this contribution extends the theoretical guidance of woven fabric construction with the design and production of special 3D multilayered interlaced fabrics with controlled SE.

Women's Patchwork Dresses with Mixed Media Techniques in the Creation of Painting

The purpose of this final project entitled "Women's Patchwork Dresses with Mixed Media Techniques in the Creation of Painting" is to visualize several forms of women's dresses in the form of Mixed Media works between patchwork and acrylic paint, the art idea of visualizing female figures as subject matter depicting dresses or women's clothing with sewing techniques, with the aim of achieving the author's goal of utilizing patchwork waste as a work of art. with the embodiment process, namely; 1). Sketch, is the process of designing a rough image or initial process, 2). Preparation of tools and materials, is the initial process before making work, 3). The stringing process is a process that visualizes the selected fabrics onto the background cloth, 4). Giving color to the sketch that has been made, 5). Final Process, is the final stage in making a work that can be considered as a finishing process, resulting in works with mixed media techniques between patchwork and acrylic paint depicting princesses or female figures in different dresses that reflect their respective characters. the work made by the author with the concept of utilizing patchwork waste is very basic in nature where a work will require accountability and in-depth explanation of the work of art. All works use the Robe de Style dress style which was popularized in the 1920s as an alternative to the chemise dress. Obstacles when preparing the type and color of cloth and painting the female figure, but by applying balance, domination, and proportion, the author succeeded in visualizing it in the form of a female figure.

PENJUALAN SARUNG NGGOLI TENUN BIMA SECARA ONLINE DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM

This study aims to examine how efforts to develop online sales of Nggoli sarongs admitted by UMKM business actors in Sangiang Village, Wera District, Bima Regency. This research was carried out using a qualitative method with the type of field research to obtain accurate and contextual data. Nggoli sarongs are one type of traditional Bima woven fabric that is quite in demand. The development of information and communication technology has opened new opportunities for the development of online sales of bima woven Nggoli sarongs. Since the Covid-19 pandemic, most traditional factory weavers in Sangiang Village have implemented online sales through social media. By utilizing online sales, nggoli sarongs can be reached wide community. In this study, the researcher focuses on efforts to develop online sales of Nggoli sarongs, especially by women business groups. Data collection is carried out through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that (1) there is a significant increase by selling online using the Facebook application. Online sales of Nggoli sarongs have increased sales by 95% and have started to send their merchandise outside the Bima area. (2) Islamic economic views on the online sale of Bima woven sarongs. In the online sale of nggoli woven sarongs, it was found that there are elements of trust, responsibility, fairness and transparency. This is in accordance with the principles of buying and selling in Islam. Such a form of muamalah is allowed if it does not contain elements that are prohibited by Islam, such as usury, tyranny, fraud, and monopoly

Wearable technology: Exploring the interrogation of electronics in clothing

As a consequence of the convergence of fashion design, electronics, and information technology, wearable technology has emerged as a significant field of research that crosses over into a number of other fields of study. This is particularly true when discussing different types of clothing. The clothing industry is a good illustration of this phenomenon. A significant contributor to this is the flood of research that has been conducted on wearable technology. Wearable technology is becoming more important in the fashion industry, and its importance cannot be understated. It is anticipated that the results of this study will serve as a source of inspiration for the development of new apps that include novel monitoring, communication, and interaction capabilities for health. These applications are the output of the inquiry that was conducted in this study to determine whether or not it is possible to include electrical components into clothes. Our research will be beneficial to the development of these mobile applications. As a result of ongoing research aimed at enhancing sensor capabilities, increasing data accuracy, and combining contemporary materials that are both flexible and long-lasting, the future of wearable electronics in clothing seems to be bright and full of promise. It is possible that smart textiles will be able to establish a connection with the Internet of Things (IoT), which will open up new avenues for the collection and analysis of data in real time. This will further expand the variety of applications that smart textiles have in everyday life. The development of wearable technology, which makes it possible to investigate the incorporation of electronics into clothing, is a dynamic example of the intersection of fashion and function. As the development of this topic proceeds, it is anticipated that it will continue to challenge traditional beliefs on garment design while simultaneously enhancing the user experience via the incorporation of innovative technological solutions.

Creating a Program to Predict the Clothing Size Using Fuzzy Logic

This study presents a program to predict trousers’ size using a fuzzy logic technique. There are three variables to input into the program to give the output result of the fit size. The first variable is the waist measurement. The second variable is the hip measurement. The third variable is the trousers’ length measurement. The size determination is done by the Min-Max rule through the IF-THEN structure, effectively managing the commands in the model. The fuzzy rule matrix consists of 108 rows and 6 columns, in which each row represents a fuzzy rule. Each row is a fuzzy rule. The first column represents six groups of neck circumference. The second column represents six groups of hip circumference. The third column represents three groups of pants length. The fourth column represents six predicted output sizes. The fifth column is the weight coefficient. The last column represents the type of logical connection. This size prediction method only takes about five to six seconds to predict the fit size. This reduces the time to choose the size compared to the traditional method. In addition, it reduces the risk of damaging the sample. This method to predict sizes can apply to many other types of clothing as well as many other fields of the garment industry

ANALYSIS OF COTTON BEDDING FABRICS

This paper presents an analysis of three types of cotton fabrics intended for bed linen, focusing on their physical, mechanical, and performance characteristics. The study evaluates the fabrics based on standardized quality parameters, including tensile strength, shrinkage, colorfastness, and comfort properties. The results reveal variations in performance among the samples, with one fabric meeting all required standards for durability, comfort, and aesthetic appeal. Based on the findings, the first sample is recommended for practical use in bed linen production, highlighting its superior quality and compliance with industry requirements.

THE RELEVANCE OF THE ROLE OF MODERN CORPORATE UNIFORM IN PROMOTING THE COMPANY'S MESSAGE

The article examines the trends in the formation of the design image of uniform models, related to the demand for the communicative and semantic function of this type of clothing. Despite the fact that uni-form design was used for non-verbal transmission of messages in the last century, an example of which are the developments of Soviet constructivists, the significance of this role of uniform was usually not emphasized. However, mathematical models obtained on the basis of the application of the author’s method of identifying and analyzing trends in corporate fashion allowed us to establish that the company's communication interaction through the symbolic language of uniform occupies an important place among modern trends. At the same time, as the results of the study showed, the need to promote messages through uniform design is most characteristic of companies with a high degree of “maturity” – promising developing companies focused on the corresponding progressive target audience.

Influence of the Roman Empire on textile economy during the roman period in Poland

There is a substantial body of evidence for the wide-ranging interactions and connections between the Wielbark Culture and the Roman Empire. Roman imports are frequently identified in the burials of prominent members of the Wielbark Culture in Poland, with notable discoveries including three amber distaffs found in the necropolises of Czarnówko, Lubowidz, and Kowanówko. Furthermore, textile finds may also indicate such connections. The evidence suggests that two potential types of fabrics – Virring and Mogantiacum – could have been produced in the northern provinces of the Roman Empire and then transported to the area of the Wielbark Culture. These issues may be addressed through an examination of the strontium isotope composition in the wool of archaeological fabrics.

Assessment of indoor environmental comfort for individuals wearing face masks of different thickness

The present paper experimentally analyses the subjective assessment of indoor environment comfort based on a questionnaire survey conducted in a climate chamber located at Kielce University of Technology (Poland), if two types of face masks are worn by the respondents: thin (medical) and thick (cotton-made) masks. Air temperature and relative humidity in the chamber ranged from around 19 to 28oC and 20 – 70%, respectively. Precise measurement of the microclimate parameters was obtained with a microclimate meter, which recorded air temperature and relative humidity at the moment of completing the questionnaires. The respondents were of similar age (22 – 31 years old) and wore two types of clothing during the experiments: summer and winter, which differed by thermal resistance. This value amounted to 0.5 clo for the summer outfit and 0.8 clo for the winter one.In total 960 questionnaires were analysed in the study. The results indicate that the increase in air temperature led to poorer overall comfort, while the largest comfort sensation was recorded for the most favourable thermal sensation range. In general, thicker masks provided lower overall comfort than thinner masks for all relative humidity values.

She Asked for It? Descriptions of Victims' Behaviors Are Associated With Sentencing in Norwegian Rape Trials.

Feminist theorists have long argued that rape myths contribute to normalizing sexual assault, through belittling and denying rape victims' claims. This study examines whether descriptions of victims' behaviors are associated with sentencing in rape trials. A total of 2054 Norwegian court decisions from 2013 to 2023 in judicial records were screened. Fifty-one of these included descriptions of the victims' behavior as operationalized by a subscale of the Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale called "She Asked For It" (IRMAS-SAFI; type of clothing, going to a room alone with a guy at a party, previous sexual behavior, saying no unclearly, and kissing). Matching cases without such descriptions were then selected, resulting in a total sample of 102 court decisions. In addition, a randomly selected comparison group (n = 51) was included for robustness analysis. Results revealed that defendants who had attacked a victim in the IRMAS-SAFI group were sentenced to fewer months in prison (M = 25.3, SD = 20.9) than defendants from the comparison group (M = 41.7, SD = 13.3). This type of description of victims' behavior was significantly associated with shorter prison sentences when controlling for medical evidence, age of the defendant, and use of violence. The results indicate that implementing measures to reduce the influence of rape myths on judges' evaluations in rape trials could lead to fairer court decisions.

Analysis of Liquid Sweat Transport in Underwear Combined with Multilayer Fabric Assemblies for Firefighter Outfits.

A firefighter's outfit consists of several layers with distinct properties and functions. These layers serve as barriers against external hazards but also impede the transport of sweat generated by the human body. As a result, sweat vapor often fails to transfer effectively from the body through the firefighter's protective clothing (FPC) to the environment. This can lead to sweat condensation on the firefighter's skin, causing discomfort. To enhance the physiological comfort of firefighters during firefighting and other rescue operations, it is essential to consider the transport of condensed sweat within the multilayer textile system comprising both the underwear and the FPC. In this study, 16 assembly variants were tested, combining four types of knitted fabrics for underwear with four types of multilayer textile sets designed for FPC. The liquid moisture transport properties of these assemblies were evaluated using the Moisture Management Tester (MMT290), an innovative instrument manufactured by SDL Atlas. The results demonstrated that the knitted fabrics effectively transport liquid sweat, whereas in the case of multilayer textile sets for FPC, liquid sweat transport is primarily confined to the inner layer adjacent to the skin. Furthermore, the findings indicate that by selecting an appropriate combination of knitted fabric for underwear and the inner layer of the FPC, it is possible to optimize liquid moisture transport in a firefighter's outfit.

Pattern Guided UV Recovery for Realistic Video Garment Texturing.

The fast growth of E-Commerce creates a global market worth USD 821 billion for online fashion shopping. What unique about fashion presentation is that, the same design can usually be offered with different cloths textures. However, only real video capturing or manual per-frame editing can be used for virtual showcase on the same design with different textures, both of which are heavily labor intensive. In this paper, we present a pattern-based approach for UV and shading recovery from a captured real video so that the garment's texture can be replaced automatically. The core of our approach is a per-pixel UV regression module via blended-weight multilayer perceptrons (MLPs) driven by the detected discrete correspondences from the cloth pattern. We propose a novel loss on the Jacobian of the UV mapping to create pleasant seams around the folding areas and the boundary of occluded regions while avoiding UV distortion. We also adopts the temporal constraint to ensure consistency and accuracy in UV prediction across adjacent frames. We show that our approach is robust to a variety type of clothes, in the wild illuminations and with challenging motions. We show plausible texture replacement results in our experiment, in which the folding and overlapping of the garment can be greatly preserved. We also show clear qualitative and quantitative improvement compared to the baselines as well. With the one-click setup, we look forward to our approach contributing to the growth of fashion E-commerce.