Textile Industry In Indonesia Research Articles

ANALYSIS OF TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN THE INDUSTRY OF TEXTILE AND TEXTILE PRODUCTS IN INDONESIA

This study aims to analyze the growth of TFP in the textile industry and textile product (TPT) in Indonesia. Productivity analysis is carried out to determine the extent of performance development and how efficient the textile industry in Indonesia. Calculation of the growth value of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) by decomposing the components of TFP namely TEC, TC, and SEC using the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). This study uses the type of firm level TPT data in the years 2010-2014. The data used is secondary data which is the result of an annual survey of large and medium manufacturing industry companies conducted by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in the form of raw data. The data is in the form of unbalance raw data which is then selected and adjusted to balance data. With 2 industry groups namely the textile industry (ISIC 13) and the garment industry (ISIC 14). Based on the results of the study showed that the average value of TFP growth in 2010-2014 experienced negative growth or <1, this is due to the average growth value of TEC, SEC, and TC which decreased and tended to have negative values in the study period. This shows that the level of efficiency, use of technology, and scale of efficiency of the textile industry tends to be weak in the 2010-2014 period. The reduced level of industrial productivity can affect the decline in the competitiveness of textile products in the global market. Keywords: Textile Industry and Textile Products (TPT), Total Factor Productivity (TFP), Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA)Jel : L67, C23; O47

Integration of AHP-MOORA Algorithm in Green Supplier Selection in the Indonesian Textile Industry

In selecting suppliers, one approach that can be used to solve this problem is Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). MCDM involves several criteria with both quantitative and qualitative assessments. This research attempts to solve the Green Supplier Selection (GSS) problem by using the integration of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Multi-Objective Optimization On The Basis Of Ratio Analysis (MOORA). AHP is used as the weighting of the GSS criteria and sub-criteria. Furthermore, MOORA is used to rank the best suppliers. This research was conducted in the textile industry in Indonesia. Eight criteria and 15 sub-criteria GSS are used to select eight suppliers. The results show that the product price has the most excellent weight in supplier selection. In addition, the AHP-MOORA method can be used in solving GSS problems.

Efficiency and Productivity of Textile Industry Sub-sector with Total Factor Productivity Approaches

The development of the manufacturing industry in Indonesia becomes a top priority because the manufacturing industry is a leading sector that can encourage other sectors and has forward and backward linkage between sectors.The difference in the use of technologythat still relatively low compared to the productivity of capital and labor will lead to differences in efficiency and productivity of each manufacturing industry sub-sector. The textile industry sub-sector contributes high amount to GDP and continues to increase every year. Total factor productivity (TFP) is considered a very comprehensive measure of productivity and efficiency.This measure explains the changes in production caused by changes in the amount of inputs used, changes in technology, capacity utilization and the quality of production factors. This study aims to analyze the effect of capital, labor, raw materials and energy to the output of the textile industry and textile products (TPT) (KBLI 14.15) with the Solow residual TFP approach. Another aim is to look at the efficiency and productivity of the textile industry sub-sector.The research used panel data regression with OLS model. The results of TFP estimation and TPT industry efficiency are different between TPT sub-sectors. TPT has integrity between downstream industries and upstream industries. Some of the obstacles in the textile industry in Indonesia include the high dependence of the Indonesian industry (TPT) on imported raw fiber materials (90%). Most of the age of the machines used by the TPT industry was old, this affects the TFP value.

Pemanfaatan cangkang telur dan sekam padi sebagai bioadsorben metilen biru pada limbah tekstil

The textile industry in Indonesia has increased since the 1980s. From the non-oil and gas sector, the textile industry is the government's largest source of income. In addition to its impressive growth, about 10-15% of the used textile dyestuff is wasted at the dyeing process can exceed the maximum Chemical Oxygen Demand level of 150 mg/L. Synthetic dyes contain carcinogenic ingredients that can harm the environment and aquatic biota. The alternative for handling the dye waste is the adsorption method using bio adsorbent from a mixture of chicken eggshells and rice husk ash. Both have the potential to be used as adsorbents because they have an active site, abundant amounts, and are economical. This study was to determine the effect of the process variables of the adsorbent mass ratio, contact time, and pH on the adsorption capacity of methylene blue using a mixture of eggshells and rice husk ash with the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer analysis method. The results showed that the optimal conditions for the adsorption of 20 ppm methylene blue were 0.2:0.8 gram of adsorbent ratio, 80 minutes, and pH of 3. The adsorption capacity obtained was 98.817%, reduced the methylene blue concentration to 0.237 ppm.

Effect of NaOH Concentration in Alkaline Treatment Process for Producing Nano Crystal Cellulose-Based Biosorbent for Methylene Blue

The development of textile industry in Indonesia has been increasing rapidly. The vast and continuous development of the textile industry results in an evitable increase of wastewater. One of the wastewater ingredients that difficult to be treated is dye. Dye is a pollutant with complex aromatic structure that is difficult to degrade. There are many dyes could be used, however, methylene blue is mostly used. To treat MB, several treatment methods are available. Among the methods, adsorption has been widely applied, due to its simplicity and effectiveness. In this research, nano crystal cellulose (NCC), which has a large surface area dan better mechanical properties, was prepared from the oil palm trunk and it was proposed to adsorb the methylene blue. Briefly, the process of making NCC as a biosorbent consists of the raw material pretreatment, alkaline treatment, bleaching, hydrolysis, and sonication steps. Alkaline treatment plays an important role for extracting hemicellulose, lignin and other extractive substances, so that NCC is expected to have high cellulose purity. The alkaline treatment was conducted by extraction methode using NaOH at 80 °C for 2 hours. The result showed that the percent of removal of hemicellulose dan lignin were 50.0, 55.6, and 51.73 % for NaOH concentration of 3, 4, and 5 % (w/v) respectively. This result was also supported by the result of FTIR spectra analysis on each corresponding sample. Based on these data, it can be confirmed that the optimum NaOH concentration for alkaline treatment of oil palm trunk is 4 % (w/v). Furthermore, adsorption test of NCC using methylene blue solution gave percent removal of methylene blue in the range of 69.46-72.51%.

THE INFLUENCE OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION ON CARBON EMISSION IN THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY OF INDONESIA: MEDIATING ROLE OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN PROCESS

The purpose related to the current article is to investigate the impact of accounting information system (AIS) and structure of energy consumption on the carbon emission of the textile industry in Indonesia. The aim also consist upon the investigation of mediating impact of supply chain process on the links of AIS and CO2 emission, structure of energy consumption and CO2 emission. The employees related to the AIS and environment sustainability are the respondent who provide the data through questionnaires that were evaluated by the help of PLS-SEM. The results show that AIS and structure of energy consumption have positive nexus with the carbon emission of the textile industry in Indonesia. The results are show that supply chain process has positive mediation among the links of AIS and CO2 emission, structure of energy consumption and CO2 emission. The regulation developing authorities and new researchers are the users of this article who gel help while preparing the policies and also in the exploration of this area in the future.

Bridging the Effect of the Knowledge Spillover and Innovation Performance of Textile Companies: Evidence from Indonesia

Most studies on knowledge spillover hypothesis testing are limited to its occurrence and impact on improving the productivity or performance of the recipient companies. In this study a model is constructed of how to use knowledge spillovers from the provider to the beneficiary company, in the context of the textile industry in Indonesia. The model suggests that the knowledge obtained from the buyer may increase the innovation of domestic enterprise suppliers. The model also represents the possibility of knowledge spillover from labour turnover and the imitation process. A survey was carried out to measure the variables of the study conducted by distributing questionnaires to the marketing manager, human resource manager and operations manager of textile companies. The structural equation model was used to test the hypothesis. The results state that a company with better knowledge management can take advantage of knowledge spillover to produce innovative products that are more accepted by the market.

Electrocoagulation Method to Reduce Pollutants in the Wastewater of Jumputan Fabric Industry

The existence of the textile industry in Indonesia is not only in the category of large and medium scale industries but also in small scale and some even in the home industry. These caused pollution mainly as a result of the dyeing of textiles. Dye not only occurs in industrial areas but also occurs in densely populated settlements. An attempt to treat the waste of the textile industry is needed to solve the environmental pollution. In this research, liquid waste was processed using the electrocoagulation method, and the expected concentration or hazard caused by waste was decreased and to fulfill the required environmental quality standard. Treatment of jumputan wastewater by electrocoagulation method using 4 aluminum electrodes 11x10.5 cm in size with MP-P configuration type (Monopolar-Paralel) for 120 minutes. The parameters measured in this study were chromium heavy metal content, TSS (Total Suspended Solid), TDS (Total Dissolved Solids), as well as changes in pH, color and turbidity values where the applied voltage variations were 10, 13, 15, 17, and 20 volts with variation of electrode distance used 1.5; 2.0; and 2.5 cm. The best condition for each parameter was obtained at a distance of 1.5 cm with a voltage of 20 volts. Effectiveness of electrocoagulation method to decrease turbidity value up to 99.84%; color 99.33%, chromium content of 62.5%; TSS 33.68%; TDS of 66.59% and raised the pH from 5.64 to 8.10, respectively.

MANAGEMENT STRATEGY SWOT ANALYSIS OF LUCKY TEXTILE GROUP IN FACING TEXTILE INDUSTRY COMPETITION

Lucky Textile Group is one of the textile manufacturing companies in Indonesia. Lucky Textile Group has 2 companies, each of which has different production results but is mutually sustainable. PT. Benang Citra Indonesia and PT. Lucky Print Abadi is part of the Lucky Textile Group. PT. Yarn Citra Indonesia currently produces yarn with the main raw material, namely cotton, while PT. Lucky Print Abadi produces woven and finishing fabrics (Printing, Dying and White). The raw material for making woven fabric is yarn obtained from PT. Yarn Citra Indonesia or can also be from an outside factory according to the type of raw materials needed. Then it is processed into finishing cloth (Printing, Dyeing and White) according to the customer's request. It is known that market competition in Indonesia is increasingly flooded with imported textile products so that competition in the textile industry in Indonesia is getting tougher, where competitors from Vietnam and Bangladesh also make many Indonesian textile producers fall. The textile and textile product industry (TPT) of Indonesia is one of the strategic national manufacturing industries in the Indonesian economy, because of its contribution to 2 (two) national interests. First in the social field, through employment and opening up employment opportunities. Second in the economic sector, namely the average foreign exchange generated by the textile sector in the last 5 years reached US $ 7.92 billion with a growth rate of 8.5% and contributed the largest foreign exchange of all Indonesian export commodities. Therefore through the SWOT analysis, it is expected to be able to understand the strength of the Lucky Textile Group in facing global competition.

“Why Industrial Textile to Right Choice for Investment” (Analisis Laporan Keuangan PT. Eratex Djaja dan PT. Polychem Indonesia Tahun 2013-2017)

Investors need analytical assistance to invest and related to what capital will be invested in the industry and what benefits will be obtained. Therefore, industry analysis can help investors make choices. One good industry choice for investing is the textile industry, because the needs of textile goods are everyone's basic needs for making clothes and other items such as dolls, blankets, bags and wallets. This makes the textile industry needs to be a consideration for investing. The development of the textile industry in Indonesia is growing rapidly, because there are currently 43 companies engaged in the textile sector that have gone public. This shows that the textile industry is very good for investment analysis. The analysis uses industry financial data for five years, from 2013 to 2017.

Synthesis of ZnO/rGO/TiO2 Composite and Its Photocatalytic Activity for Rhodamine B Degradation

Nowadays the growth of the textile industry in Indonesia is increasing. An example of dangerous textile waste is Rhodamine-B. Therefore, a method to treat Rhodamine B waste is needed. One method that can be used is photocatalysis. ZnO and TiO2 semiconductors are known as good photocatalyst material because they have a small band gap energy. In addition, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has a potential due to its good conductivity and large surface area. This study aims to synthesize ZnO/rGO/TiO2 composite. Analysis of the composite shows peaks correspond to diffraction pattern of ZnO, TiO2, and rGO. Based on scanning electron microscope analysis, the surface morphology of the composite was in the form of sheets (rGO), agglomerates (TiO2), and hexagonal nanorod (ZnO). Further confirmation by EDX analysis shows elemental compositions of Zn, Ti, O, C (18.44, 7.44, 46.01, 28.11, respectively). FTIR analysis resulting in bands of C-O at 998 cm−1, Ti-O-Ti at 506 cm−1, and Zn-O at 497 cm−1. Photocatalysis test using the composite gave the optimum value of Rhodamine-B degradation of 94.72 % under UV light irradiation for 5 hours.

The Prospects and The Competitiveness of Textile Commodities and Indonesian Textile Product in the Global Market

This study has two objectives: first, to test the competitiveness of Textile Commodities and Indonesian Textile Product (TPT) in the global market and identify the prospects of the new export markets. Second, identify the competitiveness of the textile industry using case studies in the Solo Raya region. The Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Export Product Dynamics (EPD) methods are using in this study. The results show that Indonesian TPT commodities have a lost opportunity category in the central export destinations countries, such as a decline in market share. Indonesian TPT commodities have prospects in Austria, Canada, Finland, Norway, Portugal, Qatar, and Sweden due to competitiveness and domination in the market. Besides, the condition of the Indonesian textile industry competitiveness shows low competitiveness in terms of factor conditions, demand conditions, supporting and related industries, strategy, structure, and competition that are components of Porter's diamond model.JEL Classification: L6, L67How to Cite:Prasetyani, D., Abidin, A. Z., Purusa, N. A., & Sandra, F. A. (2020). The Prospects and The Competitiveness of Textile Commodities and Indonesian Textile Product in the Global Market. Etikonomi: Jurnal Ekonomi, 19(1), 1 – 18. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v19i1.12886.

Synthesis and Characterization of Pectin–Chitosan crosslinked of BADGE for Adsorbents Candidate of Textile Dye Waste Water

The increasing development of the textile industry in Indonesia has resulted in a negative effect on the dyes' wastewater that can pollute the environment. There are several methods developed to reduce the dyestuff levels in water pollution, such as coagulation and flocculation, membrane filtration, adsorption, precipitation, photocatalytic degradation, ion exchange, advanced oxidation, and biological treatment. In order to find out the solution, it is necessary to process liquid dyes waste, which has several advantages, including the relatively low cost and high efficiency in the process of absorbing liquid dyes. Commercial Chitosan and Pectin, Bisphenol A Diglysidyl Ether (BADGE) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Germany), Aceton, Acetic Acid 5%, and Aquadest. Mesoporous Pectin-Chitosan crosslinked BADGE (Pec-Chi-BADGE) membrane was successfully synthesized by the coacervation method, by mixing chitosan solution in 5% acetic acid and pectin solution in aqua dest, then added BADGE as a crosslinker to the solution. The structure and surface characteristics of Chi-Pec-BADGE membranes were analysed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and XRD. Based on the FTIR characterization indicate that pectin chitosan crosslinked BADGE was successfully synthesized. The results showed that Chi-Pec-BADGE membranes could show the shift of peaks characterized by FTIR meant interactions of functional groups carboxyl, amine, and hydrogen. The results of XRD show that the Chi-Pec-BADGE membranes characteristic was amorphous. Furthermore, SEM data shows that the structure of the adsorbent was porous.

Business and Human Rights Concerns in the Indonesian Textile Industry

Indonesia is the tenth largest textile exporter in the world. The textile industry has long been the major industry to absorb labour force in the country. The textile industry substantially contributes to the national economic growth by employing 3.58 million workers, or 21.2 per cent of the total labour force in the manufacturing industry. The textile business has been growing over the previous decade. Based on the Bank of Indonesia report, this industry significantly contributes to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Indonesia. The contribution increased from Rp96.3trillion (US$7billion) in 2010 to Rp139.4trillion (US$10.2billion) in 2015. However, the textile industry in Indonesia does not only positively contribute to the country’s economic growth, it also creates negative impacts, such as environmental issues. As will be explained further, these environmental impacts include environmental damage caused to the Citarum River and Sukoharjo. The textile industry’s contribution to pollution is also high at a global level. Among the G20 countries, Indonesia is ranked 2nd for the highest levels of water pollution caused by the textile industry with 29.25 per cent, slightly below Turkey (32.21 per cent). Even though most of the international brands, such as GAP, H&M and Inditex, have already adopted human rights standards and policies, there are still many cases that show the failure of these companies to uphold human rights. For this reason, the implementation of international standards is needed to achieve a more sustainable textile industry. This article discusses business and human rights concerns in relation to the Indonesian textile industry. It addresses several environmental issues caused by the textile industry, discusses human rights standards and policies in the textile industry, and finally shows possible ways of implementing such international standards (i.e. Eco Label and the Bangladesh Accord) in Indonesia.

Effect of rGO Addition Toward Photocatalyst Properties of ZnO/rGO/TiO<sub>2</sub> for Rhodamine B Degradation

The growth of the textile industry in Indonesia has resulted in increased textile dye waste production. Rhodamine B is one of the dyes that are often used in the textile industry. The use of these dyes will cause serious environmental and biological problems, even able to induce irritation of the skin and eyes. Thus, it is necessary to filter dyes from the textile industry waste in Indonesia. Some conventional methods for removing Rhodamine B are carried out by biochemical and physical-chemical methods, such as liquid membranes, ozonation and adsorption, but this method requires expensive and not very effective costs. One alternative method that can be applied in Indonesia is photocatalysts. Photocatalytics are processes where light and catalyst are simultaneously used to accelerate chemical reactions. In this study, the photocatalyst used was semiconductor material ZnO and TiO2 with the addition of rGO. rGO synthesis was carried out using the Hummer method, for the synthesis of ZnO using Zinc powder as a precursor, and the synthesis of TiO2 using precursor of TiCl3. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of adding 5%, 10%, and 15% rGO to the photocatalytic properties of ZnO / rGO / TiO2 composites for degradation of Rhodamine B. The characterization process carried out in this study included XRD, SEM & EDX, FTIR, and photocatalytic testing. Photocatalyst materials ZnO / rGO / TiO2 with variations in the amount of rGO were synthesized as evidenced by XRD testing, where there was a peak for all three component, SEM, shows the morphology of Zn in the form of hexagonal nano rod, rGO in the form of transparent sheets and TiO2 in the form of agglomerated balls. From FTIR testing, rGO and TiO2 functional groups were seen. The highest efficiency for degradation of Rhodamine-B was obtained for the addition of 15% rGO with a 5-hour irradiation time, ie its efficiency reached 96.92% in degradation of Rhodamine B.

Strategic Group in Textile Industry: Case Study at PT. Sunson Textile Manufacture, Tbk

This paper aims to discuss the identification of a strategic group model in the textile industry in Indonesia. Strategic Group is a group of companies that compete in an industry by applying the same strategies (Porter 1979). This study explores the strategic group that reflects a group of companies engaged in the textile industry in Indonesia that using similar competition strategies and approaches to maintain their market positions in an industry. The study identifies PT. Sunson Textile Manufacture, Tbk is one of the players in the textile industry in Indonesia. The company produced various textile products such as yarn and cotton woven fabrics. The research method used is a case study that aims to expose information on research objects accurately by delivering the content in a structured and accurate manner. This case study research method is also used to describe a strategy used by companies as a strategy to deal with competition in industrial groups. The results of the study show the market leader holds the highest product sales using similar strategies with its main competitors in industry through its various product variants. However, even having many product variants does not guarantee the sale of products produces the highest value. Keywords: Strategic group, SWOT analysis, case study, textile industry

The impact of hot work climate on textile industry productivity

Climate change phenomenon, especially indicated by air temperature increase, affects the economic sector which becomes obstacles for industry productivity, including textile. According to the data from the Central Bureau of Statistics Republic of Indonesia in 2016, the growing production of the textile industry in Indonesia decreased by 7.65%. It also decreased the IT Co. Ltd productivity in recent years, especially at the weaving department. The weaving department occupied with high-temperature environment among the production processes, which can impact to the health and productivity of workers. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between hot work climate to textile industry productivity from weaving section at IT Co Ltd. The research used the analytic observational designs with a cross-sectional study. The samples were 32 workers from totally 50 workers in the weaving department. The data were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation test. The results of the hot work climate measurement show that 3 from 5 measurement points exceed NAB 29°C, and most of the workers are productive. Spearman’s correlation test showed that hot work climate significantly correlated with productivity (p = 0.033) at the textile industry of IT Co. Ltd, Surakarta, Indonesia.

Performance Assessment Based on Reliability of Weaving M251 Machine Using Reliability, Availability & Maintainability (RAM) and Cost of Unreliability (COUR) Methods (Case Study at PT Buana Intan Gemilang)

The textile industry is one of industries that has an important role in the national economy. PT Buana Intan Gemilang (BIG) is one of textile industry in Indonesia which uses Weaving machine to produce motif and sajadah fabrics. The purpose of this research is to analyze the reliability of Weaving M251 machine that has the most damage in 2014. To avoid losses due to machine damage, the reliability, availability and maintainability of the machine need to be improved by using Reliability, Availability & Maintainability (RAM) Analysis method. In addition, the total cost caused by RAM problems can be calculated by using Cost of Unreliability (COUR) method. Based on the evaluation using Reliability Block Diagram (RBD) modeling, it is found that the critical subsystem reliability = 44.36% for 144 working hours and the total repair time that the critical subsystem needs to perform in acceptable operational condition , at least in 1 to 70 hours. There are two different forms of availability that have been calculated, therefore inherent availability = 95,546% which is used as leading indicator, and operational availability = 85,572% which used as lagging indicator. as it is compared, lagging indicator does not meet the performance of leading indicator. The total of unreliability cost when the machine is in active repair time = 39,580,689.02 IDR and within downtime = 135,588,452.13 IDR.
 Keywords—Cost of Unreliability (COUR), Lagging Indicator, Leading Indicator, Reliability, Availability & Maintainability (RAM) Analysis.

SUMBER PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS PERUSAHAAN GARMEN DI INDONESIA DENGAN ADANYA PENANAMAN MODAL ASING PERIODE 2007-2013

This study analyzes the source of total factor productivity in relation to with the existence of foreign direct investment in Indonesian Textile Industry for the period 2007-2013. The Textile Industry has ISIC code 170 and 130. This research applies quantitative analysis on survey data of manufacturing companies with medium and large scales, conducted by Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics. The method used in data processing is divided into two methods, namely non-parametric programming linear method and panel regression method. The number of observed companies are 325 companies for seven years. The results indicate that the primary source of productivity improvement in the Textile Industry is Technical EfficiencyChange (TEC), the technological changes increase in the period of observation. Foreign Direct Investment has a positive Spillover impact on Technical EfficiencyChange, but has a negative impact on Scale EfficiencyChange (SEC) and Technological Change (TC).

Performance Assessment Based on Reliability of Weaving M251 Machine Using Reliability, Availability & Maintainability (RAM) and Cost of Unreliability (COUR) Methods (Case Study at PT Buana Intan Gemilang)

The textile industry is one of industries that has an important role in the national economy. PT Buana Intan Gemilang (BIG) is one of textile industry in Indonesia which uses Weaving machine to produce motif and sajadah fabrics. The purpose of this research is to analyze the reliability of Weaving M251 machine that has the most damage in 2014. To avoid losses due to machine damage, the reliability, availability and maintainability of the machine need to be improved by using Reliability, Availability & Maintainability (RAM) Analysis method. In addition, the total cost caused by RAM problems can be calculated by using Cost of Unreliability (COUR) method. Based on the evaluation using Reliability Block Diagram (RBD) modeling, it is found that the critical subsystem reliability = 44.36% for 144 working hours and the total repair time that the critical subsystem needs to perform in acceptable operational condition , at least in 1 to 70 hours. There are two different forms of availability that have been calculated, therefore inherent availability = 95,546% which is used as leading indicator, and operational availability = 85,572% which used as lagging indicator. as it is compared, lagging indicator does not meet the performance of leading indicator. The total of unreliability cost when the machine is in active repair time = 39,580,689.02 IDR and within downtime = 135,588,452.13 IDR.