Degradation Of Textile Effluent Research Articles

Unveiling the industrial photocatalytic dye degradation of textile effluents using tailored eco-friendly AgO Nanoparticles

<p>In this study, tamarind leaf extract was used to effectively produce silver oxide (AgO) nanoparticles. Crystal violet (CV), Alizarin red (AR), Reactive black (RB), and rhodamine b (Rh B) degradation were examined to evaluate the effectiveness of AgO NPs. XRD patterns, UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope was used to analyze the AgO NPs. SEM observations showed spherical morphology size ranging at an average of 58.17 nm. Silver and oxygen were the only elements in the nanostructure, as shown by EDS chemical maps. The synthetic silver nanostructure, with a crystal size of 38 nm, was verified by X-ray diffraction to have the usual cubic structure. The nanostructure showed degradation efficiencies in Crystal violet, Alizarin red, Reactive black, and Rhodamine B, indicating excellent degradation efficiency. All of these results point to the effective production of AgO NPs without the use of any hazardous chemicals, and they point to this material as a potentially beneficial substance for eliminating toxic dye from wastewater made by commercial colouring processes.</p>

Unveiling the industrial photocatalytic dye degradation of textile effluents using tailored eco-friendly AgO Nanoparticles

Unveiling the industrial photocatalytic dye degradation of textile effluents using tailored eco-friendly AgO Nanoparticles

Biocatalyst coupling with Mo-doped SnO2 nanoparticles for efficient photocatalytic dye degradation: An eco-friendly approach for environmental remediation

Specifically, biocatalyst coupled semiconductor photocatalysts have great potential towards the eco-friendly decomposition of toxic organic dyes that contaminate water bodies. This study reports the synthesis of vermiwash activated molybdenum doped tin oxide (Mo:SnO2) nanomaterial, for the photocatalytic degradation of a representative cationic dye - methylene blue (MB). The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated using UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and the degrading efficiency of MB dye was quantified. The addition of vermiwash resulted in a marked improvement in the photocatalytic activity of Mo:SnO2 nanoparticles, with a degradation efficiency of 96% achieved after 75 min of irradiation. The nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, SEM-EDX, TEM, FTIR, XPS and UV-vis to confirm the crystal structure, morphology, functional groups, elemental analysis and bandgap energy by using Tauc’s plot. The study demonstrates the potential of vermiwash as a green and efficient bio co-catalyst for improving the photocatalytic activity of Mo:SnO2 nanoparticles regarding the degradation of textile effluents. Thus, this study paves a way for new eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of cost-effective, biocatalyst coupled semiconductor photocatalyst.

Hard acid soft base (HSAB) guided morphology engineered copper oxides for efficient photocatalytic degradation of textile effluent under visible light

This study demonstrates the synthesis of morphology guided copper oxide nanostructures (CuO) based on Hard Acid and Soft Base concept (HSAB) and their influence on photocatalytic activity under visible light. Herein, we adopted simple chemical bath approach for the synthesis of CuO nanomaterial with different morphologies by using various precursors of copper such as copper nitrate, copper sulfate and copper chloride. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by means of various analytical techniques namely X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–Visible absorption spectroscopy (UV–VIS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence (PL) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis (BET). FE-SEM analysis revealed that the as-synthesized CuO, displayed precursor depended morphologies, including horse mane, honeycomb, and aggregated cubic shaped morphologies. Notably, horse mane like copper oxide (henceforth referred to as CuO-1) produced using copper nitrate as a precursor, showed 92.18% towards methylene blue (MB) dye degradation within a span of 180 min under visible light illumination. Thus this study opens the door for the synthesis of other metal oxides with distinct morphologies that could be used for potential photocatalytic applications.

Sequential photo electro oxidation and biodegradation of textile effluent: Elucidation of degradation mechanism and bacterial diversity

Textile effluent contains a highly toxic and refractory azo dyes. Eco-friendly method for efficient decolorization and degradation of textile effluent is essential. In the present study, treatment of textile effluent was carried through sequential electro oxidation (EO) and photo electro oxidation (PEO) using RuO2–IrO2 coated titanium electrode as an anode and cathode followed by biodegradation. The pre-treatment of textile effluent by photo electro oxidation for 14 h exhibited 92% of decolorization. Subsequent biodegradation of the pre-treated textile effluent enhanced the reduction of chemical oxygen demand to 90%. Metagenomics results exhibited that Flavobacterium, Dietzia, Curtobacterium, Mesorhizobium, Sphingobium, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Prevotellaand Stenotrophomonas bacterial communities majorly involved in the biodegradation of textile effluent. Hence, integrating sequential photo electro oxidation and biodegradation proposed an efficient and eco-friendly approach for treating textile effluent.

A novel Ni doped BaTiO3/h-BN nanocomposite for visible light assisted enhanced photocatalytic degradation of textile effluent and phytotoxicity evaluation

The objective of this research is to synthesize novel Ni–BaTiO3/h-BN nanocomposites. XRD, UV–Vis, PL, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, Zeta potential, XPS, BET, EIS, Mott- Schottky and LC-MS analyses were used to analyze the nanocomposite phase structure, band gap, electron-hole recombination rate, vibrational modes, morphology, elemental analysis stability, oxidation state, pore size distribution, and electron distribution. The nanocomposites have an average particle size of 32 nm, as measured using HR-TEM microscopy. The band gap of synthesized h-BN was found to be 3.82 eV, whereas the Ni–BaTiO3/h-BN binary nanocomposite shifts it to 2.43 eV. The nanocomposite photocatalytic efficiency was used to degrade textile effluent, followed by a phytotoxicity assessment of real textile effluent. Furthermore, the photocatalytic treatment analysis revealed that the 40 mg Ni–BaTiO3/h-BN catalyst degraded up to 81.4% and 86% against textile effluent and crystal violet (CV) dye within 120 min under visible light, respectively, and the concentrations of numerous Physico-chemical parameters of textile effluent have significantly decreased in deteriorated textile effluent. According to a pot study, the toxicity of the degraded textile effluent was reduced following photocatalytic treatment. To examine the mechanism, the photodegradation effectiveness of the catalyst was investigated utilizing various scavengers. From the scavenger study, it is found that the holes (h+) contribute more to the degradation process. In real textile dye wastewater, the Ni–BaTiO3/h-BN nanocatalyst was proved to be an excellent and low-cost degrading technique.

Integrated approach of photo-assisted electrochemical oxidation and sequential biodegradation of textile effluent

Synthetic azo dyes are extensively used in the textile industries, which are being released as textile effluent into the environment presence of azo dyes in the environment is great environmental concern therefore treatment of textile effluent is crucial for proper release of the effluent into the environment. Electrochemical oxidation (EO) is extensively used in the degradation of pollutants because of its high efficiency. In this study, photo-assisted electrooxidation (PEO) followed by biodegradation of the textile effluent was evaluated. The pretreatment of textile effluent was conducted by EO and PEO in a tubular flow cell with TiO2–Ti/IrO2–RuO2 anode and titanium cathode under different current densities (10, 15, and 20 mA cm−2). The chemical oxygen demand level reduced from 3150 mg L−1 to 1300 and 600 mg L−1under EO and PEO, respectively. Furthermore, biodegradation of EO and PEO pretreated textile effluent shows reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) from 1300 mg L−1 to 900 mg L−1and 600 mg L−1to 110 mg L−1, respectively. The most abundant genera were identified as Acetobacter, Achromobacter, Acidaminococcus, Actinomyces, and Acetomicrobium from the textile effluent. This study suggests that an integrated approach of PEO and subsequent biodegradation might be an effective and eco-friendly method for the degradation of textile effluent.

Ceria nanoparticles anchored on graphitic oxide sheets (CeO2-GOS) as an efficient catalyst for degradation of dyes and textile effluents

Herein, we report a Ceria-graphitic oxide sheets (CeO2-GOS) nanocomposites photo catalyst synthesized by simple and green methods for the degradation of textile effluents and dyes. In the first step, green treated CeO2 NPs were synthesized through a simple organic reduction method. Further, green synthesized CeO2 NPs were anchored with GOS to produce CeO2-GOS nanocomposites by a sol-gel method. The phase morphology and structure of CeO2-GOS nanocomposites was systematically characterized through X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HR-TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Under visible light irradiation, the CeO2-GOS nanocomposites photo catalyst exhibited 83%, 78%, and 70% degradation efficiencies for rhodamine B, methylene blue, and textile effluent, respectively. Due to the synergistic impact of GO, it act as an elastic conductive channel permitting improved charge transport, the fabricated CeO2-GOS nanocomposites showed a significant retort to photo catalysis of rhodamine B, methylene blue, and textile effluent. CeO2-GOS nanocomposites may yield unique insight into the synthesis of green nanocomposites and their application in environmental remediation due to their better photo catalytic activity.

Sunlight-assisted degradation of textile pollutants and phytotoxicity evaluation using mesoporous ZnO/g-C3N4 catalyst.

Accessibility of adequate safe and fresh water for human consumption is one of the most significant issues throughout the world and extensive research is being undertaken to resolve it. Nanotechnology is now an outstanding medium for water treatment and remediation from microorganisms and organic dyes, as compared to conventional treatment methods. For this task graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a potential nanomaterial for environmental remediation, but its photogenerated charge carrier recombination rate restricts its use in practical applications. Hence, in the current study, we used a simple one-step calcination method to synthesize various ratios of ZnO/g-C3N4 binary nanocomposites. The band gap of g-C3N4 is 2.70 eV, but it is shifted to 2.60 eV by the 0.75 : 1 ZnO/g-C3N4 binary nanocomposite. Moreover, phase structure, morphology, thermal stability, oxidation state, elemental analysis, and surface area were evaluated using XRD, SEM, TEM, TGA, XPS, and BET analysis. The optimal ZnO loading content was determined and the mechanism of enhanced photocatalytic activity was studied in detail. The photocatalytic efficiency of the best catalyst was employed for the degradation of textile effluent followed by phytotoxicity evaluation using methylene blue (MB), and rhodamine B (RhB) as a model substrate was tested. Furthermore, the textile effluent treatment analysis discovered that the 75 mg concentration of 0.75 : 1 ZnO/g-C3N4 catalyst degraded up to 80% within 120 min and significantly reduced the concentrations of different physico-chemical parameters of textile effluents. These treated effluents have no phytotoxic effects on fenugreek plants, according to a pot study. It was found that the mesoporous 0.75 : 1 ZnO/g-C3N4 catalyst can be used as an effective and low-cost technique for the degradation of azo dyes in textile wastewaters.

Improved degradation of textile effluents via the synergetic effects of Cu-CeO2 catalysis and non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma treatment

The direct discharge of industrial textile effluents is increasingly constituting a major burden on the environment. The development of an effective treatment for the degradation of hazardous organic pollutants in effluents is therefore highly needed. In this paper, the synergetic effects of copper-doped cerium oxide (Cu-CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) and non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTAPP) treatment were thoroughly examined on the degradation efficiency of reactive black-5 (RB-5) dye in aqueous solution and textile effluent. Initially, Cu-CeO2NPs were synthesized by a hydrothermal method and further characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The degradation efficiency of the combined plasma/Cu-CeO2 catalysis treatment was examined by UV–Vis spectroscopy as a function of the treatment time.Optical emission spectrometry (OES) was used to identify the generated primary and secondary reactive species such as OH●, O, H and N2* in the plasma jet. The presence of OH● radicals and H2O2in treated RB-5 aqueous solution was also quantified spectroscopically. Furthermore, the variation in the pH, electrical conductivity and total organic carbon (TOC) was also studied. All combined results revealed that plasma advanced oxidation processes together with the Cu-CeO2 catalytic performance have triggered the formation of higher concentrations of various reactive species which in turn improved the degradation efficiency of the RB-5 and direct effluent and suppressed the formation of harmful intermediates.This was further corroborated by the non-toxicity of the treated solutions when in contact S. aureus and E. coli bacteria. Overall, it can be concluded that the distinctive combination of Cu-CeO2 and plasma-assisted processes is ideally required in different textile industries as a highly effective treatment of effluents before discharging.

Solar photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in textile industry wastewater by ZnO/pumice composite photocatalyst

ZnO-pumice composite photocatalyst was synthesized and characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The photocatalyst was then used for the photocatalytic degradation of textile effluent under sunlight irradiation. The process variables affecting the photocatalytic degradation were optimized using central composite design, and the kinetic data obtained at different solution pH (4, 7 and 10) were evaluated using pseudo-first-order approximation of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The optimization results showed that the predicted values of degradation efficiency matched the observed values reasonably well with R2 = 0.9677 and Adj-R2 = 0.9387. At the optimum values of 3.0 g/L catalyst dosage, 4.01 solution pH and 45.04 min irradiation time, the predicted and experimental degradation efficiencies were 93.04 and 90.17%, respectively. The kinetic study revealed that the degradation of dye molecules in the effluent obeyed a pseudo-first-order rate law with reaction rate constants of 0.0597, 0.0558 and 0.0535 min−1 at pH of 4, 7 and 10, respectively.

TiO2/anthill clay as a heterogeneous catalyst for solar photocatalytic degradation of textile wastewater: Catalyst characterization and optimization studies

This present study aims at revealing the activity of TiO2–anthill clay in photocatalytic degradation of textile effluent. It also aims to investigate the effects of parameters affecting the photocatalytic degradation process such as catalyst dose (0.5–25 wt.%), reaction time (1–3 h) and solution pH (2–10) through central composite design. The synthesized photocatalyst was characterized using BET, SEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRF techniques. The results obtained from the optimization studies revealed that there were good agreements between the predicted and observed values of photocatalytic degradation efficiency. The maximum decolorization efficiency of 70.92% was obtained under the optimum experimental conditions of 2.50 wt.% catalyst dose, 1.07 h reaction time, and dye solution pH of 2.0. The TiO2-anthill photocatalyst was found to be efficient for complete decolorization of dye solution as it was able to be reused for up to four cycles.

Characterization and visible light driven photocatalytic activity of (M = Bi, La) MVO4@poly(o-phenylenediamine) nanocomposite

Poly(o-phenylenediamine) decorated (M = Bi or La) MVO4 (MVO4@PoPD) nanocomposites (NCs) have been prepared through chemical oxidative polymerization approach. Microstructural analyses of MVO4@PoPD NCs were performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis.) spectroscopy. The obtained results predict that PoPD was attached with MVO4 nanocrystals. Photocatalytic activity of NCs has been demonstrated using methylene blue (MB) as a model dye pollutant. Within 120 min of visible light illumination, 96.3% and 70.4% MB degradation efficiency was observed for BiVO4@PoPD and LaVO4@PoPD respectively. Further, 94.1% and 97% degradation of textile effluent (TE) was observed in presence of BiVO4@PoPD and LaVO4@PoPD respectively. Hence, the photocatalysts will become a promising material in the field of environmental remediation.

Use of statistical experimental design to optimize the degradation of textile effluents by the Fenton homogeneous process with organic complexes

Use of statistical experimental design to optimize the degradation of textile effluents by the Fenton homogeneous process with organic complexes

Sunlight-assisted photocatalytic degradation of textile effluent and Rhodamine B by using iodine doped TiO2 nanoparticles

Abstract Iodine-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (I@TiO2 NPs), in different mol percentage (mol%) of iodine with anatase phase only, have been prepared by using simple sol-gel method. Samples were characterized by various physico-chemical techniques. Physico-chemical characterization revealed that crystallite size, surface hydroxylation, and tuning of optical band gap towards visible region of composites increases with increase in dopant concentration upto 7.0 mol% in TiO2 host lattice. Thereafter, the samples were used to photocatalytic degradation of textile effluent (TE) as well as Rhodamine B (RhB) under sunlight irradiation directly. The progress of photodegradation reaction was monitored by UV–visible spectroscopy. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) of TE samples was evaluated before and after photocatalytic studies. During photocatalytic reaction, the effect of pH and amount of catalyst on the rate of degradation reaction was also studied. It is clearly shown that I@TiO2 particles result in the enhancement of the degradation ability of RhB as well as TE in sunlight.

Solar photocatalytic degradation of textile effluent with TiO2, ZnO, and Nb2O5 catalysts: assessment of photocatalytic activity and mineralization.

The photocatalytic degradation of textile effluent was investigated using TiO2, ZnO, and Nb2O5 catalysts under solar irradiation. The procedures were carried out at ambient conditions in April 2014, with pH3.0 and catalyst concentration of 0.250gL-1. The photocatalytic activity of the oxides was evaluated by means of kinetic efficiency (rate constant and half-life time), chemical oxygen demand reduction, and absorbance reduction at 228, 254, 284, 310, 350, 500, and 660nm (λmáx). Mineralization in terms of the formation of inorganic ions and toxicity reduction using bioassays with Artemia salina were performed. TiO2 reduced the absorbance at 660nm (λmax) after 300min of solar irradiation around 94 and 93%; and 68 and 60% of COD, respectively. ZnO showed lower photocatalytic activity giving 64 and 42% of absorbance and COD reduction, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of Nb2O5 was very close to TiO2-P25. In this sense, Nb2O5 becomes a promising alternative to replace the commercial TiO2-P25. Bioassays confirmed the efficacy of treatment, increasing the lethal concentration of 27.59 (in natura) to 131.95% in the presence of Nb2O5.

Visible light degradation of textile effluent by electrodeposited multiphase CuInSe2 semiconductor photocatalysts

Reduction in recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and effective migration of the generated pairs across the surface of the photocatalyst to the aqueous solution of textile effluent can increase the photocatalytic efficiency of a semiconductor. In this study multiphase CuInSe2 (CIS) semiconductor with modified band gap was synthesized through pulsed electrodeposition (PED). Prepared photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, AFM, FESEM, TEM and UV–Vis DRS. The samples exhibited multiphase nature with prominently observed tetragonal and cubic crystallographic structures, having two different modified band gap energy. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency was investigated for the model dyes like methylene blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RhB) dye and the textile effluent under visible light irradiation. Successful degradation of the dyes and textile effluent were attributed to formation of heterojunction of the two phases with two different band gaps, with their energy band edges at the right positions, facilitating efficient migration of the photogenerated charge carriers across the surfaces, before their recombination. It motivates the initiation of chain of redox reactions and degrading reactions with the production of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals which attacked the dyes and the textile effluent. The photocatalytic degradation mechanism was proposed for the electrodeposited photocatalyst.

Photocatalytic activity of TiO2, ZnO and Nb2O5 applied to degradation of textile wastewater

Abstract In this work, photocatalysis was employed in the treatment of textile effluent from industrial laundry jeans using the catalysts TiO2 P25 (commercial), TiO2, ZnO and Nb2O5, under artificial UV irradiation. The parameters investigated were: pH of the solution and catalyst concentration. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by means of kinetic efficiency (rate constant and half life time), thermodynamic (absorbance reduction at 228, 254, 284, 310, 350, 500 and 660 nm), COD reduction, mineralization in terms of the formation of inorganic ions (NH4+, NO3−, NO2−, SO42− and Cl−) and toxicity reduction (bioassays using Artemia salina). The photocatalytic degradation of textile effluent at pH 3.0 and catalyst concentration of 0.250 g L−1 showed the best results, being found 95.91%; 87.35%; 86.95% and 59.18% of absorbance reduction at 660 nm (λmax) after 300 min of artificial irradiation with TiO2 P25, Nb2O5, TiO2 and ZnO, respectively. TiO2 and Nb2O5 were responsible for the reduction of approximately 70 and 66% of COD and the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 was very close to TiO2 P25. In this sense, Nb2O5 becomes a promising alternative to replace the commercial TiO2 P25. Bioassays with Artemia salina confirmed the efficacy of the treatment, indicating that after photodegradation there was an expressive decrease in effluent toxicity for up to 3 times.

Eco-friendly and facile integrated biological-cum-photo assisted electrooxidation process for degradation of textile wastewater

The present article reports an integrated treatment method viz biodegradation followed by photo-assisted electrooxidation, as a new approach, for the abatement of textile wastewater. In the first stage of the integrated treatment scheme, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the real textile effluent was reduced by a biodegradation process using hydrogels of cellulose-degrading Bacillus cereus. The bio-treated effluent was then subjected to the second stage of the integrated scheme viz indirect electrooxidation (InDEO) as well as photo-assisted indirect electro oxidation (P-InDEO) process using Ti/IrO2–RuO2–TiO2 and Ti as electrodes and applying a current density of 20 mA cm−2. The influence of cellulose in InDEO has been reported here, for the first time. UV–Visible light of 280–800 nm has been irradiated toward the anode/electrolyte interface in P-InDEO. The effectiveness of this combined treatment process in textile effluent degradation has been probed by chemical oxygen demand (COD) measurements and 1H – nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The obtained results indicate that the biological treatment allows obtaining a 93% of cellulose degradation and 47% of COD removal, increasing the efficiency of the subsequent InDEO by a 33%. In silico molecular docking analysis ascertained that cellulose fibers affect the InDEO process by interacting with the dyes that are responsible of the COD. On the other hand, P-InDEO resulted in both 95% of decolorization and 68% of COD removal, as a result of radical mediators. Free radicals generated during P-InDEO were characterized as oxychloride (OCl) by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). This form of coupled approach is especially suggested for the treatment of textile wastewater containing cellulose.

ZnO/CdO nanocomposites for textile effluent degradation and electrochemical detection

In this report, the photocatalytic and electrochemical activity of ZnO and ZnO/CdO nanocomposites were determined. Pure ZnO and nanocomposite ZnO/CdO were prepared by a vapor to solid mechanism and were characterized by different physical and chemical techniques. The CdO-modified ZnO possessed high efficiency to degrade textile effluent. It also showed high efficiency of degradation, such as 98% for methylene blue and 93% for methyl orange. Cadmium oxide (impurity) plays an important role in achieving zinc oxide materials that exhibit UV to visible light degradation of textile effluent. Additionally, uric acid sensing performed to study the electrochemical activity revealed that ZnO/CdO (90:10) nanocomposite produced high anodic currents, and these results were in agreement with the cyclic voltammetry reports.