Texts Of Ayurveda Research Articles

Importance of Madhu in Classical Ayurvedic Text

In Ayurveda or Sanskrit, honey is called Madhu. Madhu is supposed to be a substance that will be licked i.e., Lehyam. Lehyam is a jam-like substance of normal beginning. Madhu is usually utilized as Anupana i.e., given alongside essential dynamic medicine to improve quicker retention and osmosis of medicament, and Sahapana i.e., alongside essential or dynamic medicament. It’s essential clinical property is efficient as well as nearby, either alone or in the mix with different medications. The use of Madhu as food and medication has been upheld since the Vedic time frame, or at least, the mid-second thousand years or mid-first thousand years. This is because the types, properties, actions, and indications of Madhu were mentioned in the Ayurvedic great encyclopedias, such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridya, Bhava Prakasha, Yogaratnakara, and Harita Samhita. Thus, the uses of Madhu in the health care system stretch back into antiquity. This paper is designed to rule out different types and qualities of Madhu in Ayurveda. Also, it discusses its significance according to different classical texts of Ayurveda.

Indigenous Wisdom of Ayurvedic Drugs to Treat Liver Disorders-Review Article

The liver, a vital organ in the body, synthesizes hormones, decomposes RBC in the blood, and regulates glycogen storage. The liver also performs detoxification and is the primary site for drug metabolism. Therefore, hepatoprotective medications are necessary to keep the liver in good health. Ayurvedic drugs are widely used as hepatoprotective agents. The study aims to review the Yakrit (liver) concept in Ayurvedic literature, identify hepatoprotective plants from classical Ayurveda texts, and understand their mode of action on the liver based on existing scientific evidence. The classical Ayurveda literature and electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and ARP were searched until October 2022 to find relevant studies using MESH terms. The search of classical Ayurveda texts showed several herbal sources that are advocated for use in liver disorders. The in vivo studies for these plants showed that seven protected the liver from CCl4-induced hepatic damage. Furthermore, the levels of liver enzymes were reduced, and there was evidence of reversal of fatty changes in the liver in mice fed with a high-fat diet. One of the essential organs that aid in sustaining bodily health is the liver. Some plants have been endowed by nature with the ability to treat, prevent, and cure liver disorders while causing fewer negative effects. Herb-based Ayurveda drugs can be a potent source of hepatoprotective agents, though detailed studies need to be conducted to generate more substantial evidence.

IMPORTANCE OF MADHU IN AYURVEDA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO HONEY: A REVIEW

Madhu (Honey) is described in Ayurveda classical text in detail. It is necessary to study all this information comparatively and critically for the proper use of Honey. Synonyms, origin, type, properties and therapeutic as well as nutritional use of Honey are described in Ayurveda text in detail. Data is collected from Brihatrayi and other Ayurveda texts and presented in different tables. The explanation is given about various descriptions in different Ayurveda texts. The present study aims to review information about madhu in different Ayurveda texts and clarify its importance. After the study, it is clear that Honey is an important natural helpful substance for a healthy and diseased person.

ROLE OF VISHA-RASAYAN IN ACQUIRED IMMUNITY: A CRITICAL REVIEW

The capacity to resist almost all types of organisms or toxins that tend to damage the tissues and organs (leading to the causation of disease) is called immunity. There are two types of immunity: innate immunity and acquired immunity. In the current pandemic era, there is a need for drugs that can boost immunity in our bodies and give protection against microorganisms. Rasayan is one of the unique branches of Ayurveda and it is suggested to increase Oja. Modern scientific observation on Rasayan shows that rejuvenating drugs can protect the body against detrimental effects of the atmosphere in which we live by augmenting the individual's capability to fight against disease-carrying organisms through stimulating the immune system. When visha (poison) is used correctly, it becomes beneficial as rasayana. A person who regularly consumes poison is not afraid of anything, including poison given by enemies in food, any type of poisoning condition, old age, premature ageing, and organs that cause illness. Rasayan Yoga is mentioned in many Ayurveda texts, which in this research paper describes Visha Rasayan which is mentioned in Rasatarangini. Visha Rasayan contains the following ingredients: Visha (Vatsnabh), vermilion Hingul, Rajat Bhasma, Shunthi Churna, Marich Churna, Pippali Churna, Cinnamon, bay leaf, small cardamom, Nagkeshar, and Chitrakamool Churna. This yoga may protect against disease-causing organisms as well as any type of environmental poison. Visha Rasayan ingredients include Visha dravya, which also has Rasayan properties, making it more beneficial for gaining acquired immunity.

Assessment of Nephroprotective Activity of PippalyadiAgad on Diclofenac Sodium Induced Nephrotoxicity in Albino Mice: An Experimental Study

Background: Nephrotoxicity due to Diclofenac Sodium can be correlated with this concept of Dushi Visha and nephroprotective drugs mentioned in Ayurveda texts may play an important role in this area. Pippalyadi Agad is the herbo-mineral medication stated by Yogaratnakara for treatment of Dushi Visha. Some of the drugs in this formulation have shown efficacy in correcting nephrotoxicity. Objective: To study the nephroprotective activity of Pippalyadi Agad on diclofenac sodium induced nephrotoxicity in albino mice. Methods: The experimental study was carried out in albino mice as per CPCSEA guidelines after getting approval from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC). 30 albino mice, each weighing about 20-30 gm, were procured from Bharat serum and vaccines. The mice were housed in the institutional animal house in standard conditions. 30 albino mice were equally divided into five groups having six animals in each group as Trial Drug (low dose), Trial Drug (medium dose), Standard Control, Disease Control and Vehicle Control. For assessment of nephrotoxicity, the animals were monitored on Day 0, Day 15 and Day 45 by carrying out blood investigations such as BUN, Serum Creatinine, Body weight and CBC. The Data were subjected to appropriate statistical tests to derive results. Results: Pippalyadi Agad treatment at low and medium doses significantly lowered BUN and Serum Creatinine in comparison with Disease and Standard Control at Day 45. Pippalyadi Agad treatment at low and medium doses significantly (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001) increased body weights of the animals in comparison with Disease and Standard Control at Day 45. No significant difference in CBC parameters was observed in any of the Groups except the Disease Control Group on Day 15 and Day 45. Conclusion: Pippalyadi Agad has shown nephroprotective activity based on biochemical changes observed in Serum Creatinine, BUN and CBC.

Management of Infertility caused by Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) - A Case Report

A 29-year-old Indian woman who is a housewife and has PCOD as her primary cause of secondary infertility from 5 years, has also complained of irregular menstruation cycles and occasional constipation over the same time period. Her ongoing hormonal treatment had included investigative procedures including diagnostic laparoscopy, USG, and HSG, all of which had yielded negative results, and she had ultimately been recommended for IVF. Due to her ongoing hormone treatment, she had to deal with side effects like weight, hirsutism, stress, discomfort, and more. Her prolonged hormonal treatment had resulted in adverse effects like weight, hirsutism, stress, discomfort, etc. According to Ayurveda, PCOD symptoms point to the involvement of Kapha and Vata dushti, which leads to avarodha in Artavavaha srotasa. Virechana is advised in the classical texts of Ayurveda for Yonidosha (gynaecological diseases), while Erandamooladi basti is recommended for balancing Vata dosha. It was successfully treated by Ayurvedic management with Virechana and Basti from Shodhana chikitsa (total 18 days) and Shamana chikitsa (total 21 days), which has produced positive outcomes.

Efficacy and safety evaluation of Shatavari Gudam and Triphala Kashaya in leucorrhoea (Shwetapradara) – A study protocol of an open-label, multicenter, interventional, single-arm trial

BACKGROUND: In the classical text of Ayurveda, formulations Shatavari Gudam (SG) and Triphala Kashaya (TK) are indicated to treat Shwetapradara. The disease Shwetapradara can be correlated to leucorrhoea based on the similar symptom, painless, white-colored discharge from the vagina. SG is a formulation containing Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) as a main ingredient. Several studies indicate Shatavari as a tonic for reproductive tract-related diseases. The external use of Triphala has anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and anti-bacterial actions. The present article is a clinical study protocol on the efficacy and safety evaluation of SG and TK in leucorrhoea (Shwetapradara). MATERIALS AND METHODS: It will be a multicenter, prospective single-arm study planned to be conducted at Regional Ayurveda Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Regional Ayurveda Research Institute Nagpur, National Ayurveda Research Institute for Panchakarma, Cheruturthy and Regional Ayurveda Research Institute Vijayawada. One hundred sixty participants will be recruited for the trial (40 from each center). In the dose of 6gm, SG will be administered twice daily with lukewarm water after food. Vaginal douche will be done with TK for seven days in two consecutive cycles. The primary outcome will be change in the quantity of white discharge using visual analog scale. The secondary outcome will be change in other associated symptoms like pruritis vulva, lower abdominal pain, low back ache, burning micturition, and dyspareunia using the Visual Analogue Scale; change in the Quality of life and well-being by PGWBI score; change in Score of Investigator’s Global Satisfaction Scale, and changes in Patient’s Global Satisfaction Scale from baseline to final visit. Clinical/biochemical assessments will determine the safety and tolerability of the formulation during the follow-ups. Compared with the baseline, the efficacy of interventions on the 84th and 98th day, will be assessed with Paired t-test. Data will be analyzed using SPSS 15.0 software. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The IEC clearance has been obtained from each participating institute. After completion of the trial, the outcome will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals for publication.

Efficacy of Vijayasaradi capsule as add-on management in insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes – A randomized standard controlled clinical trial

BACKGROUND: In patients with hyperglycemia, the resistance to oral antihyperglycemic drugs may lead to insulin therapy. Insulin therapy has some limitations, such as the cost of medicine, dose monitoring, and the risk of hypoglycemia. The classical text of Ayurveda has described several formulations for treating diabetes. The role of Ayurveda antidiabetic formulations needs to be studied for controlling hyperglycemia and reducing the dose and frequency of insulin administration. Vijayasaradi capsule is an antidiabetic herbal formulation mainly utilized to treat hyperglycemia. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Vijayasaradi capsule as add-on management in the cases of insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-nine patients of either sex with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (T2-IDDM) between 18 and 70 years were studied. The intervention for the control group (n = 38) was hypoglycemic drugs with insulin injections. The trial group (n = 41) was treated with the Vijayasaradi capsule, two capsules (500 mg each) thrice daily before food, hypoglycemic medicine, and insulin injection. The duration of the study was 3 months, and follow-ups were done weekly. Percentage changes of reduction in the units of insulin therapy, fasting and postprandial blood sugar levels, and hemoglobin A1c before and after the treatment and the associated subjective symptoms of type 2 diabetes were the primary outcome measures. RESULTS: The trial drug significantly decreased fasting blood sugar (P = 0.02) and postprandial blood sugar (P = 0.0001). The average insulin dose was also reduced from 33.27 ± 19 to 28.8 ± 80 units. A significant reduction (P = 0.001) in hemoglobin A1c was observed after the treatment. After the treatment, reduction in the maximum average insulin dose was also observed. CONCLUSION: Vijaysaradi capsule can be used as an add-on therapy to manage hyperglycemia and reduce insulin doses in patients with T2-IDDM.

Role of Common Herbs- Curcuma Longa and Emblica Officinalis in Metabolic Disorders: A Narrative Review

In the present era, Metabolic disorder is a challenge to the medical community because of its increasing prevalence and unsatisfactory management. There is no permanent remedy, and the patient has to continue the medicine for a longer life. According to Ayurveda, all metabolic diseases are caused due to Jathragnimandya(improper digestion & metabolism). Hence the correction of Agni is the principle to treat it. Various herbs act as agnivardhak (increase digestive fire or Rasayan (Rejuvenator). Haridra (Curcuma longa) and Amalaki (Emblica Officinalis) are the herbal drugs recommended in Ayurveda literature. Ayurveda practitioners are using these medicines for various metabolic disorders. Hence this review was carried out to discover their utility in metabolic disorders. The aim and objective of this review are to study the role of common herbs available worldwide, which are Haridra (Curcuma longa) and Amalaki (Emblicaofficinalis), in metabolic disorders. The related data were collected from classical texts of Ayurveda, google scholar, and PubMed. A total of 10 articles were considered for review. Out of these, four were animal studies, and six were analytical studies in which the assessment parameters were fasting. From this review, few studies have been conducted on only Haridra as compared to Amalaki on the post-meal blood sugar levels, glycolatedhaemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, oral glucose tolerance test, and complete blood count metabolic disorders. The maximum studies are on Nisha-Amalaki(a combination of Haridra&Amalakialongwith bhavna[trituration process] of Amalakiswarasa[Juice form of Emblicaofficinalis]to Haridra[Curcuma longa]) which is found to be effective in Diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, which can be considered as the cavity of previous reviews. Therefore, there is a need to conduct studies on Nisha-amalaki to explore its effect on other common metabolic disorders like PCOD, Hypothyroidism.

A Narrative Review on Garbhajanya Vishamayata: The Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

Gestation, also known as Pregnancy, is the period during which one or more progeny develops inside a woman's womb. It is a crucial stage for a woman as several physiological changes occur during this period in her body. Now a day's, Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is becoming the primary cause of maternal and prenatal mortality and morbidity. The prevalence of PIH is 2-8% of all pregnancies. In India, PIH incidence is higher in primiparae than in multipara. Therefore, finding all possible measures to prevent this disease is essential. In Ayurveda, Acharya Harit explains these conditions under Garbhinivyadhi. Garbhajanya Vishamayata is a condition in which hypertension develops after 20 weeks of gestation. Therefore, it is a primary concern during Pregnancy and can be prevented by early detection and appropriate treatment. Our Objective isto gain knowledge of ayurvedic aspects of Pregnancy induced hypertension, its prevention and treatment. This review is emphasized the ayurvedic aspects of Pregnancy induced hypertension. Detailed information was gathered by studying related classical texts of Ayurveda, research articles and websites. Collected data was later compiled, analyzed and discussed. This review concluded that by following Antenatal care(manumatic paricharya), Dos and don'ts (Pathyapathya), this disease can be prevented and treated effectively with safe motherhood and a healthy child. Keywords: , ,, ,

A clinical study of sickle cell anemia and its management through Kiratatikta (Swertia chirayata) Ghanvati and Guduchi (Tinospora Cordifolia) Ghanvati

Introduction and Aim: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a genetic condition of mutation of beta globin chain and has been acknowledged to have a global public health impact. This disease is very common among many tribal and backward populations in India. In the central part of India its prevalence varies from 10-40% and in western area of Odisha varying from 10-17%. It can be classified as two types of homozygous sickle cell disease and heterozygous sickle cell trait. In Classical Ayurveda texts word to word correlation with SCA is not found. Clinical features of SCA correspond and are in line with Sannipataja Pandu Roga as described in classical texts. In the present work, a scientific effort was made for management of sickle cell disease through Ayurvedic interventions.
 
 Materials and Methods: A prospective clinical study was carried out in a total of thirty (30) patients of both sexes and randomly registered according to the clinical features of SCA from OPD and IPD of Government Ayurvedic College hospital, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. After assessment of subjective and objective criteria Kiratatikta Ghanvati and Guduchi Ghanvati were given 500 mg. each drug after meal with suitable fluid twice a day for a period of two months. Efficacy of therapy was inferred in 15 days interval and evaluated statistically by student’s paired ‘t’ test.
 
 Results: The overall improvement was assessed after study. The mean score before treatment was 3.53 while the mean score after treatment was 1.52. The statistical evaluation revealed that the mean difference was ± 2.01, SD±0.85, SE± 0.22 and t value 8.803. Trial medications were statistically highly significant with p<0.001.
 
 Conclusion: From the present study, it can be concluded that the trial drugs are very effective in the management of SCA; they reduce the subjective and objective parameters and its complications.

LC-MS/MS-based Targeted Metabolomic Profiling of Aqueous and Hydro-alcoholic Extracts of Pistacia integerrima Linn., Quercus infectoria Olivier and Terminalia chebula Retz

Background Pistacia integerrima (PI) galls, being rich in polyphenolic compounds, owing to its high restorative worth and restricted assets and exorbitant utilization lead to the overexploitation of the species and availability issues. It is expected to categorise under the red list of threatened taxa. Ayurveda text Bhaishajaya Ratnavali mentioned Quercus infectoria (QI) as ‘pratinidhi’ or substitute of PI and Yogaratnakara (abhavvarga) text reference indicated Terminalia chebula (TC) having the same therapeutic character as in PI. Hence, this study was focused on the comparative quantification of major polyphenolic compounds in aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts of PI, QI and TC by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS). Objectives The LC-MS/MS method was used for the determination of polyphenolic compounds in aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts of PI, QI and TC. Materials and Methods The LC-MS/MS method was developed for the quantification of targeted polyphenolic compounds and validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection and limit of quantification. Analysis performed by LC-MS/MS 6460 C triple quad coupled with Agilent HPLC. The chromatographic separation was performed on the RP C18 column with gradient elution. Results The developed method of LC-MS/MS was used for the quantitative estimation of gallic acid, corilagin acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, rutin hydrate, ellagic acid, quercetin and morin hydrate in PI, QI and TC. As per method validation parameters, calibration plots were found to be linear, accurate, precise and specific for LC-MS/MS. The calibration plot exhibited an excellent coefficient of determination ( R2 ≥ 0.99), and extraction recovery was found 96.20%–103.71%. Gallic acid and ellagic acid are the most abundant compound among eight targeted polyphenolics in all extracts. Conclusion The finding of LC-MS/MS analysis of polyphenolic compounds in aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts indicates that PI, QI and TC are having phytochemical similarities up to an extent in polyphenolic compounds as a secondary metabolite; however, a firmer opinion can be formed after a comparative efficacy study and the evaluation of all three extracts.

PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF NALPAMARADI SOAP

Herbs have been used for medicinal and cosmetic purposes since ancient times due to their easy availability and efficacy. Herbal products are safer for long-term and short-term use as they are time-tested. Plant-based formulations described in classical texts of Ayurveda are gaining popularity these days due to their validation with respect to modern technology. In Sahasrayogam, it is mentioned that Nalpamaradi taila is best for hair and skin conditions. This study aimed to analyse Nalpamaradi soap with reference to phytochemical, physicochemical and antimicrobial properties. The ingredients used in Nalpamaradi taila were analysed with special reference to their Guna, Karma, etc., along with their chemical compositions, given their effect on the skin. Most of the drugs in the Nalpamaradi taila have tridosha shamaka property, which is beneficial in maintaining skin health. Research studies on the chemical constituents present in the ingredients of Nalpamaradi soap have shown a positive effect on skin health and skin diseases. The study showed that it possesses a good amount of lather and Total Fatty Matter that provides rehydration and a sense of cleaning to the skin due to the presence of coconut oil and olive oil. Nalpamaradi soap exhibited antimicrobial properties since Haridra-like drugs have krimigna action. There were no heavy metallic compounds found in the trail soap. Hence, it can be concluded that Nalpamaradi soap can be a better choice for maintaining dermal health.

CRITICAL STUDY OF ANGAMARDA PRASHMANA, SHOOLAHARA AND VEDNASTHAPANA MAHAKASHAYA OF ACHARYA CHARAKA: A REVIEW

Introduction: Ayurveda offers a holistic way of living life. An altered lifestyle today is totally against the principles of Ayurveda and hence is a bundle of diseases emerging today. PAIN is one of such challenges in the medical world today. According to Ayurveda texts, chronic pain is caused by imbalances in doshas and is influenced by many factors, like diet, digestion, toxic accumulation, stress, energy levels and daily routine. Angamarda prashmana mahakashaya, Shoolahara mahakashaya and Vedanasthapana mahakashaya of Acharya Charaka usually find their shadow under the broad umbrella of the concept of pain. The conceptual approach to all these in the management of pain not being same; hence needs conceptual and clinical exploration. The present paper discusses the role of the above three drug groups in managing pains of various origins. All the relevant texts, along with the introductory text of Charaka Samhita, were taken to explore the current topic. Angamarda prashmana mahakashaya finds its appropriate selectivity in Swatantra vata prakopa, while Shoolahara mahakashaya primarily aims at the pain of colic origins. Vedanasthapana drugs, on the other hand, have their action on pains of psychosomatic origin. The difference in the mode of action of Angamarda prashmana Mahakashaya, Shoolahara Mahakashaya and Vednasthapana Mahakashaya has also been discussed in the present article.

Management of Diabetic Macular Edema Through Ayurveda: A Single Case Study

Diabetic macular edema is one of the leading causes of visual acuity loss in people with diabetes. It produces blurry vision, particularly in the centre of the vision field, floaters and black spots in front of the eyes etc. The treatment recommended by modern science is laser photocoagulation and anti-VEGF injection, which is pricey and does not ensure visual reversal in the patient. In Ayurveda text, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema are not directly described but etiopathogenesis of eye diseases and Prameha gives an idea of possible correlation between these two diseases. So, DME resembles Timira (Pramehajanya). In Ayurveda, Timira has been explained in detail by our Acharyas. Clinical manifestations of Timira are Vihwal Drishti (blurred vision), Makshika Mashaka Kesha Jaala Pashyati (floaters), Tamasa Darshanam (Scotoma- black spots in front of eyes) and Nasa Akshi Yuktani Vipritani Vikshate (Metamorphopsia or distorted vision) which has similarity with features of DME. Material & Methods: In the present study, a female patient aged 51 years, visited the Shalakya Tantra OPD of National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, with complaining of Blurriness of vision since 6 months and uncontrolled blood sugar level. Result: Blood sugar level was controlled and saw reduction in subjective and objective parameters. Discussion: Following an Ayurvedic drugs and routine will assist to slow the advancement of the condition, prevent further diabetes complications, and improve quality of life.

A PRECLINICAL STUDY ON EVALUATION OF ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF SNUHI KSHARA IN HUMAN COLON CANCER CELL LINE HCT-15

Snuhi (Euphorbia neriifolia Linn.) is a conventional herb used broadly in several disease conditions as indicated in classical texts of Ayurveda. As per literature review ascertained, no literature was accessible regarding anticancer activity of Snuhi Kshara. Thus, present work was designed to evaluate the anticancer activity of Snuhi Kshara in HCT-15 (Human Colon Cancer cell line). Anticancer activity was evaluated using MTT assay by % cell viability and IC50. Anticancer activity was compared with standard drug capecitabine. A positive correlation between Concentration and % cell viability was noticed. Lowest cell viability was noted at 5000 µg concentration. Results obtained through the study indicates towards anticancer activity of Snuhi Kshara

Evaluation of Chaturjaat Kawala in the management of Mukh Daurgandhya and its Antimicrobial Effect in Oral Hygiene

Oral illnesses can develop as a result of poor oral hygiene. Kawala process is mentioned in Ayurveda texts to treat oral illnesses. Chaturjaat and its Mukhgandh Har property is mentioned in ‘Karpuradi Varg’ of Bhavprakash Nighantu. Kawala of Chaturjaat made from Hima process is used here to treat Mukh Daurgandhya and to see its effect in antimicrobial study. Two groups of 30 patients each are included in this study. One group was given Chaturjaat while other 30 were given lukewarm water Kawala. It was seen that Chaturjaat Kawala was more effective in subjective criteria of oral hygiene as well as in antimicrobial study.

ADITYAPAKA (Heating by Sun rays) A METHOD OF SNEHA KALPANA - A REVIEW

Bhaishajya Kalpana is a branch of Ayurveda which deals mainly with Aushadha nirmana, by using the tools like Samyoga, Vishlesha, Kala, Samskara and Yukti. Sneha Kalpana is one such aushadha kalpanas which contains water and lipid soluble active principles. Adityapaka (heating through Sunrays/solar radiation/solar resource)is a type of sneha kalpana where taila or ghrita is processed on mild temperature produced by the exposure to sunlight for a specic time period at times in specc vessels (iron, copper, steel etc). This method is practiced to prepare taila or ghrita paka from the drugs that possibly are having volatile property and are heat sensitive in nature. Very minimum references regarding such procedure of Aditya paka are available that too scattered in classics. This is an attempt to collect information on such formulations by reviewing classical texts and various databases through various search engines like Google scholar, Pubmed etc. Total 29 references of Aditya paka found in different texts of Ayurveda. These formulations are routinely prescribed for topical application

Medicinal Uses of Poisonous Plant - A Brief Review

A poisonous plant is defined as a plant that when touched or ingested in sufficient quantity can be harmful or fatal. Many plants are harmful to people when consumed or through skin contact with plant chemicals. Poisonous medicinal herbs are used to treat a variety of illnesses, including diabetes, cancer, infection, and fungal growth. According to the review, numerous phytochemical components that have diuretic, purgative, laxative, anti-allergic, and other significant therapeutic effects have been identified from a variety of medicinal plants. If utilized appropriately, poison can be life-giving, calming to the three Doshas, encouraging, and regenerating. The poisonous plants categorized in Visha and Upvisha in Ayurveda texts. Agadtantra is an important branch of Astanga Ayurveda. Importance of this branch has been described in our Vedas, Epics, and Samhita. Proper description, classification, clinical features, and management of any kind of Visha has been described in this branch. Name of some poisonous plants are Dhatura, Vatsanabha, Bhallataka, Bhanga, Kuchala, Vacha and Gunja etc. Shodhana process is the only bridge between Visha and Aushadhi. Shodhana is the process by which physical, chemical and natural impurities are removed. It will intensify the potency, effectiveness of drug, nullify the toxicity. The aim of this review article is to provide a brief overview of the numerous medicinal uses of some poisonous plant.

Evaluation of seasonal variation in Veerya of visha dravya Kuchala

Introduction - Medicinal plants, as well as poisonous plants, have different alkaloid compositions in every season. According to the traditional texts of Ayurveda, Visha Dravya have greater potency in Varsha Ritu, which reduces due to Agasti rising in Sharad Ritu. Objective - To evaluate the potency of Visha in Varsha and Sharad Ritu through estimation of the concentration of Strychnine in Strychnos nux- vomica L. Materials and Methods – Quantitative analysis of Strychnine in Varsha and Sharad Ritu by HPTLC. Results – The concentration of Strychnine was observed higher in Varsha Ritu than in Sharad Ritu. Conclusion – The study confirms that the potency of Visha is greater in Varsha Ritu than in Sharad Ritu.