Three-phase Induction Motor Research Articles

Enhancing the efficiency of a dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor with modified switching table for direct torque control

Enhancing the efficiency of a dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor with modified switching table for direct torque control

Voltage Angle-Based Torque Control of Dual Three-Phase Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Considering Mismatch in Winding Parameters

Voltage Angle-Based Torque Control of Dual Three-Phase Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Considering Mismatch in Winding Parameters

Temperature Field Distribution and Thermal Stress Analysis of Pumped Storage Electric Motors

Abstract With the increasingly important role of pumped storage in energy systems, new and higher requirements have been put forward for the operation, safety, and economy of pumped storage power plants. The article takes a three-phase salient pole synchronous pumped storage motor as the research object, by using ANSYS finite element analysis software, a finite element model of a three-phase synchronous generator motor was established to analyze the internal temperature field distribution and thermal stress distribution of the motor. The results show that the higher temperature region of the entire system was concentrated at the winding, followed by the stator and rotor. Therefore, when optimizing the design of the motor in the future, the first step should be to start from the winding. The analysis of the thermal stress situation of the stator shows that the thermal stress and strain were mainly distributed at the inner diameter of the stator core, which was consistent with the distribution of the temperature field at the stator. The results of this study can provide theoretical guidance for the key maintenance areas and maintenance time of pumped storage power generation motors.

Improved scalar control based on slip compensation from virtual speeds in three-phase induction motor drives

Improved scalar control based on slip compensation from virtual speeds in three-phase induction motor drives

Design of a Yokeless double disc axial flux motor for light electric vehicles

One of the main challenges in designing electric vehicles is determining traction system performance, as engine power directly impacts battery size and the engine itself. Therefore, high power density, efficiency, and torque are all essential for vehicle autonomy and performance. This study proposes developing a dual-disc axial synchronous motor for Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Formula-type light vehicles. It addresses key motor design parameters such as current, terminal voltage, winding configuration, and reactances. The objective was to meet demands for specific vehicle dynamics, e.g., a wide RPM range, high torque, and dynamic performance. These parameters were validated using finite element simulations, which were then compared to a three-phase induction motor in a simulation software used by the Cheetah vehicle racing E-competition team. The motor designed here aims to provide superior dynamism, especially given the absence of reduction systems, which in turn reduces the losses associated with transmission ratios. This study not only details the dual-disc AFPM engine design process, but also validates it using finite element simulations, and presents justifications for improved dynamic performance and efficiency relative to an engine used in a Formula SAE competition. The side-by-side comparison clearly showed significant gains in speed, and significant reductions in lap time for the motor developed here.

PMSM Design for Elevators: Determination of the Basic Topology Affecting Performance

In recent years, with the increase in high-rise building construction, there has been a rise in demand for elevators. This demand has spurred mutual growth between the vertical transportation sector and high-rise building construction. Both sectors are improving technology, security, and comfort standards. Traditional elevator traction machines typically employ asynchronous motors coupled with geared reducers, despite their low energy efficiency and requirement for large machine rooms. However, with the proliferation of rare-earth magnet materials and advancements in driver technologies, the use of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) in elevator traction machines has increased. PMSMs operate with direct drive, eliminating the need for reducers. High efficiency and passenger comfort are crucial parameters for elevator traction machines. This study focuses on identifying the fundamental topology that could influence the performance of PMSMs for gearless elevator machines. Factors such as stator materials, rotor structures, permanent magnets, winding configurations, slot/pole combinations, cogging torque and torque ripple have been examined to select suitable design topologies for elevator motors. Important topics such as the magnetic properties of grain-oriented silicon steel sheets used in stator construction, B-H curves, lamination forming and stacking factors have been addressed. Two different rotor topologies and magnet arrangements, namely internal and external, have been investigated in PMSM designs. Additionally, the use of four different magnet materials, namely AlNiCo, Ferrite, NdFeB, and SmCo have been compared for PMSM traction motors in elevators. Single-layer and double-layer winding configurations, distributed and concentrated winding configurations have been compared. Fractional slot/pole combinations, which directly affect the performance and comfort of PMSMs, have also been examined based on information obtained from the literature. Particularly, structures with high winding factors, such as 12/10, 12/14, 18/16, 18/20, 24/22, and 24/26 have been identified. Finally, studies on skewing to reduce cogging torque and torque ripple have been addressed.

Data enrichment and customer insights for hyper-personalised experiences: An automotive case study

In our increasingly interconnected world, companies are seeking to connect with their customers through multiple touch points, both offline and online. For companies specialising in products and services, success is no longer about gaining one-time momentum but rather about creating deeply personalised interactions with customers along their purchase journey. Meeting the customer’s needs requires providing them with the right information at the right place and the right time. This paper argues that those companies that are collecting and enhancing consumer data will find themselves developing the most effective targeting strategies. The paper examines how data enrichment plays an integral part in providing a better customer experience and why hyper-personalisation should be at the core of your commercialisation strategy. By way of illustration, the paper describes how Tesla Motors embarked on a programme of data enrichment and personalisation. The paper concludes with key takeaways for companies looking to achieve sustainable engagement in a rapidly evolving digital landscape.

Closed-loop Speed Control for a Three-Phase Alternating-Current Motor using a Modbus Network

This paper presents a closed-loop controller for speed regulation of a three-phase induction motor by means of a Modbus network, which is compound only by industrial-purpose hardware, namely two programmable logic controllers, a human-machine interface and a variable-frequency drive. This represents a step beyond the state of the art because the results in similar works reported in the literature were obtained using personal computers, academic-purpose hardware or a combination of both academic-industrial technologies. The speed regulation was achieved through a proportionalintegral controller executed in a programmable logic controller, whose feedback was supplied by another similar device completely dedicated to read and decode an industrial optical encoder; furthermore, the control signals were commanded to the alternating current motor using a variable-frequency drive. The proposed control network was tested through diverse regulation experiments, under different conditions, in order to assess its effectiveness and robustness. The obtained results were successful in terms of accuracy of the speed set-point tracking in comparison to the most similar works of the state of the art, namely zero steady-state error was achieved, 12 seconds earlier for 75% larger references and 22% less RMSE than other works, which are the best results reported so far. Such successful achievements encourage the later implementation of more advanced control techniques on three-phase-motor based industrial machinery using only industrial-purpose hardware.

Considerations Regarding the Middle Power Asynchronous Motors for Railway Electrical Traction

In modern electric traction, direct current traction motors have been replaced with asynchronous motors with a short-circuited rotor. The justification is that asynchronous motors are more reliable, cheaper, and have smaller weights and dimensions, so they are more sustainable. In order to start and adjust the speed required in traction, these motors are powered from the contact line using a transformer and a static voltage and frequency converter. As a result, you can use green electricity produced with wind power plants or solar energy converted with photovoltaic panels, increasing sustainability because the consumption of traditional fuels is reduced. This paper presents various simulations emphasizing the negative effects of the distorting regime, with concrete results. The quality of the simulations carried out is increased by using a mathematical model, which uses the variable parameters of the motor dependent on the modulation of the current and the magnetic saturation. In modern 1500 kW electric locomotives, the traction motors are powered by static converters, which means an increase in losses when operating at nominal load on the motors by 38.7 kW and 217.8 kVAR compared to the sinusoidal three-phase power supply. Thus, the research carried out provides qualitatively and quantitatively correct simulations of the non-sinusoidal regime related to the asynchronous traction motor in order to increase the sustainability of this traction system.

An improved two‐degree‐of‐freedom ADRC for asynchronous motor vector system

AbstractThis paper proposes an improved two‐degree‐of‐freedom active disturbance rejection controller for the coupling problem of asynchronous motor vector system. To simplify the analysis process and accommodate observers of different types, a unified expression based on different controllers for the system output is developed. The closed‐loop transfer function generated by the reference input and load disturbance is given. For the coupling problem of motor output speed and immunity, the structure of a higher‐order extended state observer is reconstructed. The extended state observer estimates both the output speed and the total system disturbance, which serve as feedback and feed‐forward compensation quantities. Compared to the PI controller and traditional active disturbance rejection controller, the proposed controller achieves decoupling of output response speed and immunity, simplifies the process of parameter tuning. Finally, simulation and experiment results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm in this paper.

Short-Circuit Fault Diagnosis on the Windings of Three-Phase Induction Motors through Phasor Analysis and Fuzzy Logic

An induction motor is an electric machine widely used in various industrial and commercial applications due to its efficiency and simple design. In this regard, a methodology based on the electric phasor analysis of line currents and the variations in the phase angles among these line currents is proposed. The values in degrees of the angles between every pair of line currents were introduced to a fuzzy logic algorithm based on the Mamdani model, developed using the Matlab toolbox for detection and isolation of the inter-turn short-circuit faults on the windings of an induction motor. To carry out the analysis, the induction motor was modified in its stator windings to artificially induce short-circuit faults of different magnitudes. The current signals are acquired in real time using a digital platform developed in the Delphi 7 high-level language communicating with a float point unit Digital Signal Processor (DSP) TMS320F28335 by Texas Instruments. The proposed method not only detects the short circuit faults but also isolates the faulty winding.

Application of mathematical modeling apparatus to the problem of diagnosing the state of the mechanical circuit of an asynchronous electric motor

Application of mathematical modeling apparatus to the problem of diagnosing the state of the mechanical circuit of an asynchronous electric motor

Study of an Asynchronous Traction Motor with Inclined Slot Rotor

Study of an Asynchronous Traction Motor with Inclined Slot Rotor

Post-fault control for three-phase IM drives based on different transformations

ABSTRACT Field-Oriented Control (FOC) strategy is famous for its high accuracy. Nevertheless, the Conventional FOC (CFOC) technique application under the fault is limited. In this research, a novel post-fault control strategy based on the FOC method is developed for wye-connected three-phase Induction Motor (IM) drives under the Open-Phase Fault (OPF). The control system based on the dq model of the faulted wye-connected three-phase IM, where the FOC structure remains unchanged under the OPF, is used in the suggested post-fault control scheme. The proposed control method is derived based on the Conventional Current Transformation (CCT) and an Asymmetrical Voltage Transformation (AVT). The introduced post-fault control strategy in this research does not have difficult implementation and heavy calculation burden. The feasibility of the proposed post-fault control technique has been verified by experimentation. The experimental results are obtained with a three-phase IM with wye connection using a DSP/TMS320F28335 controller showing obviously the effectiveness of the proposed method compared to the conventional controllers during different situations.

МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ АСИНХРОННИХ МАШИН У СКЛАДІ ЕЛЕКТРОМЕХАНІЧНИХ СИСТЕМ З УРАХУВАННЯМ ВТРАТ У СТАЛІ СТАТОРА

A comparative study has been conducted on methods for accounting for the influence of losses in the stator iron of squirrel-cage induction motors on the operating parameters. A comparison was made between reference data and calculation results of the nominal mode parameters of an asynchronous motor without considering losses in the stator iron and with their consideration using equivalent resistances connected in parallel to the motor, as well as equivalent circuits of losses in the stator. The effect of the ratio of active and inductive components of the load of equivalent stator loss circuits on the results of mathematical modeling has been investigated. The study was carried out based on a universal mathematical model of an asynchronous motor of electromechanical systems with an arbitrary stator winding scheme. An algorithm for determining and adjusting the parameters of the stator loss circuits during the integration of the differential equations of electrical and mechanical balance of the asynchronous motor to a steady-state value has been developed, based on the values of losses in the stator iron (depending on the induction and frequency) and the effective value of the current of the equivalent circuit. To ensure solution stability, the use of an iteration coefficient and discretization of resistance adjustment has been justified. The application of stator iron loss circuits in the mathematical model of an asynchronous machine in generator mode has been justified, when the use of parallel connected equivalent resistances contradicts the machine's energy diagram. References 10, figure 1, table 1.

Impact of Measurement Uncertainty on Fault Diagnosis Systems: A Case Study on Electrical Faults in Induction Motors.

Classification systems based on machine learning (ML) models, critical in predictive maintenance and fault diagnosis, are subject to an error rate that can pose significant risks, such as unnecessary downtime due to false alarms. Propagating the uncertainty of input data through the model can define confidence bands to determine whether an input is classifiable, preferring to indicate a result of unclassifiability rather than misclassification. This study presents an electrical fault diagnosis system on asynchronous motors using an artificial neural network (ANN) model trained with vibration measurements. It is shown how vibration analysis can be effectively employed to detect and locate motor malfunctions, helping reduce downtime, improve process control and lower maintenance costs. In addition, measurement uncertainty information is introduced to increase the reliability of the diagnosis system, ensuring more accurate and preventive decisions.

Lyapunov-based neural network model predictive control using metaheuristic optimization approach

This research introduces a new technique to control constrained nonlinear systems, named Lyapunov-based neural network model predictive control using a metaheuristic optimization approach. This controller utilizes a feedforward neural network model as a prediction model and employs the driving training based optimization algorithm to resolve the related constrained optimization problem. The proposed controller relies on the simplicity and accuracy of the feedforward neural network model and the convergence speed of the driving training based optimization algorithm. The closed-loop stability of the developed controller is ensured by including the Lyapunov function as a constraint in the cost function. The efficiency of the suggested controller is illustrated by controlling the angular speed of three-phase squirrel cage induction motor. The reached results are contrasted to those of other methods, specifically the fuzzy logic controller optimized by teaching learning-based optimization algorithm, the optimized PID with particle swarm optimization algorithm, the neural network model predictive controller based on particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the neural network model predictive controller using driving training based optimization algorithm. This comparative study showcase that the suggested controller provides good accuracy, quickness and robustness due to the obtained values of the mean absolute error, mean square error root mean square error, enhancement percentage, and computing time in the different simulation cases, and it can be efficiently utilized to control constrained nonlinear systems with fast dynamics.

Formation of Vibration Fields for a Mechatronic Platform Driven by Dual Asynchronous Motors

This paper investigates the formation of vibration fields in a mechatronic setup driven by dual induction motors, relying on the controlled synchronization of unbalanced rotors. The proposed algorithm enables precise control over rotor speeds and phase shifts. Experimental results from a multi-resonance vibration laboratory setup demonstrate this approach’s ability to form the vibration fields. The ability to control these fields is crucial for applications such as vibratory transportation and the mixing of bulk materials. The results obtained can ensure a diverse picture of the complex trajectories of motion for various points of the platform, primarily in the screens, making various useful effects for vibration technologies. Additionally, the practical value of this research is that in the case of double synchronous mode the ordinate of the lower point of the trajectory is lower than in the case of single synchronous mode, which improves the efficiency of unloading and prevents congestion formation. The experimental data highlight the practical advantages and potential improvements in efficiency and reliability offered by this method.

Evaluasi Sistem Proteksi Motor Induksi 3 Fasa sebagai Mesin Bubut di CV. Multi Teknik Perkasa (MTP)

Cv.Multi Teknik Perkasa (MTP) is an individual company which operates in the field of tools, commonly known as lathes. This company handles repair, cutting and scraping of working media such as iron, steel and others. CV. Multi Teknik Perkasa (MTP) uses a 3 phase induction motor for each production process. One of the lathe driving machines used is a 3 phase 380V induction motor with 6KVA power. This induction motor has a Mini Circuit Breaker (MCB), Contactor, and Thermal Overload Relay (TOR) protection system, which functions as an overload controller so that the electric motor is not easily burned or damaged due to overload. For Mini Circuit Breaker (MCB), which in accordance with the standards of the National Electrical Manufactures Association (NEMA). According to research results, the correct size is 25 A while the installed one is 20 A, which of course is not appropriate. For contactors, which are installed at 65 A while the analysis results are 12 A, the three-phase induction motor protection system must be updated or improved. Previously using DiazedFuse (fuse), replaced with a contactor with a current setting of 12 A, so that the motor can avoid being damaged or burned due to the load. Moreover, to find out the power requirements of the induction motor to carry out the turning process, you need the tools to do it, including amper pliers, thermogun, tachometer, so the motor power for turning without load is 5.5A while with a 0.5mm tire the motor power increases to 6A and the maximum load limit is 1mm turning motor power 12A.

Design and Implementation of Real-Time Sensors for Three-Phase Induction Motor Performance Monitoring using Internet of Thing (IoT)

This article delves into the design and implementation of cost-effective sensors tailored for real-time monitoring of three-phase induction motor performance. The research primarily centers on the assessment of the operational effectiveness of a suite of sensors, including the PZEM-004t power sensor, MLX90614 temperature sensors, NJK-5002C rotation sensors, and ADXL345 vibration sensors, within the context of three-phase induction motor performance analysis. The monitoring system for three-phase induction motor performance is built around the ESP-32 platform, incorporating the ADXL345 vibration sensor. This article successfully presents the individual sensor performance, which was systematically evaluated through testing on a three-phase induction motor that had been meticulously designed and closely observed. The unit tests reveal that all sensors employed in the experiments exhibit an average error rate of less than 5%. When assessed as an integrated system, the three-phase induction motor performance monitoring system demonstrates robust functionality, effectively measuring critical variables such as voltage, current, power factor, temperature, vibration, and rotational speed.