Indonesian Territory Research Articles

Heroism Values in Indonesian History Textbooks Indonesian History Grade XI Curriculum 2013

Indonesia has experienced colonialism from Europeans and Japanese occupation. Europeans initially sought spices in eastern Indonesia. Over time, Europeans wanted to control these goods which then tried to control the territory of Indonesia which was famous for its natural wealth. Kingdoms/sultanates that previously controlled parts of Indonesia began to experience unrest. Then came the heroic attitude, an attitude that fought for the rights and territories it controlled without interference from other parties. In the field of education, the concept of heroism is instilled through material in school textbooks. Through this research, the author analyzes the compulsory textbook of Indonesian History grade XI based on the 2013 curriculum. This book consists of seven chapters and the author analyzes the value of heroism in several chapters of this book. The purpose of this research is to analyze the values of heroism in the textbook. This research uses a qualitative approach with a discourse analysis method, with history textbooks as the subject. Based on the analysis, it is found that some passages contain the value of heroism. The author can conclude that the Indonesian history textbook grade 11 in 2013 contains the value of heroism.

KAJIAN PUSTAKA: IDENTIFIKASI DAN DISTRIBUSI SECARA GEOGRAFISENAM SPESIES ANISAKIS (NEMATODA: ANISAKIDAE) DI INDONESIA

Anisakis is a zoonotic nematode that causes anisakiasis in Europe and Asia.Food safety has recently become a major concern for consumers; therefore, accurate identification of Anisakis larvae is necessary for the correct diagnosis of Anisakis infection in humans and fish and for improving food safety. From 2001 to 2023, Anisakis examinations were carried out in 33 areas of Indonesian territory. Morphometric Anisakis of Indonesia generally have a body length of 0.10-34.50 mm with a diameter of 0.30-0.42 mm. Based on morphological and genetic identification, identified six species anisakis in Indonesia (A. simplex, A. physeteris, A. pegreffii, A. berlandi, A. typica and Anisakis sp. HC-2005), or identified six Anisakis genotypes based on genetic identification, namely A. typica (s.s), A. typica var Indonesiansis, A. physeteris, A. pegreffii, A. berlandi andAnisakis sp. HC-2005. Decapterus sp., Thyrsitoidesmarleyi, Euthynnusafifinis, Auxis rochei, Gempylus serpens, Katsuwonus pelamis and Trichiurus lepturus have a high prevalence (>90%), indicating that they are often infected with Anisakis. Anisakis spread throughout the waters in Indonesia with various types of fish as hosts and A. typica is the predominant species in Indonesia.

Tidal range energy conversion from Benoa, Bali

Abstract As one of the oceanographic parameters, the tidal range can be used as a source of blue energy in producing renewable energy such as electricity in Indonesian territory, especially in small islands. Utilization of tidal ranges in producing electrical energy will be more environmentally friendly when compared to Steam-Electric Power Station, which require coal resources as a power source. This research aims to determine the potential for renewable energy from tides in Benoa waters, Bali. The data used in this study is sea level data from tide gauges sourced from the University of Hawaii Sea Level Center (UHSLC). Analysis of tidal types and components in this study was carried out using the least squares method using the R program language. The results showed that the tidal type of Benoa waters is a mixed-semidiurnal tide. In 2020 and 2022, the highest tidal ranges are 2.46m (in December) and 2.3m (in March, November, and December), respectively. The simulation results for a 1000 m2 pond show that the energy potential in 2020 is 24.0 kWh and in 2022 it is 27.7 kWh. The tidal value’s magnitude influences the tidal energy potential; the more significant the tidal value, the greater the energy produced.

Design of actuator motor acceleration model in dual axis tracker movement for stand-alone PV system

Stand-alone photovoltaic system or PV is a power generation technology with potential that is environmentally friendly and also one of the solutions for saving high electricity rates today. However, problems that often occur due to weather fluctuations that are always changing, especially North Sumatra, Indonesia result in the conversion produced by solar cells not being optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to do a new model with a dual tracker system and the development of accelerator motor actuators so that the resulting energy conversion is more optimal. The result of optimizing the reliability of the polycrystalline type solar panel which is designed with an additional photovoltaic tracker system to maximize the conversion of solar energy to solar panels is to obtain an output power of 303.72 volts DC and 267.52 volts DC in the position where the tracker is not used. Then the percentage increase in energy reached 29.80%. Dual axis tracker technology is able to maximize energy conversion in improving PV usage performance. The implementation of a stand-alone PV system will be beneficial if the installation is in Indonesian territory, especially in disadvantaged, frontier and outermost areas.

Accessing Ping Sonar Echosounder Produksi ROVMAKER pada Mikrokontroler dan Data Noise Reduction dengan Kalman Filter

Two-thirds of Indonesia's territory is waters that have a high risk of flooding. Bathymetric surveys are important for flood management because they provide depth and topography data to determine the need for dredging of a water area. Traditional bathymetric surveys produce less than optimal coverage due to limited ship movements. This research aims to develop an automatic bathymetry system using a ping sonar echosounder sensor integrated with a USV (Unmanned Surface Vehicle). The ping sonar echosounder produced by ROVMAKER can generally only be accessed using the built-in software from the ROVMAKER manufacturer and can now be integrated with the microcontroller system on the USV to increase the efficiency of bathymetric system performance. This research also uses the Kalman filter method to reduce sensor reading noise. Validation of the suitability of the sensor shows an average error of 2.94% at a depth of 1400mm and 2.195% at a depth of 2200mm, which shows that the sensor is classified as suitable for use. The optimal noise reduction in the Kalman filter experiment is at a variance ratio (R/Q) of 1000 with an RMSE of 5.05mm at a depth of 1400mm and 3.99mm at a depth of 2200mm. This system has been proven to increase the accuracy of bathymetric data and system access efficiency.

Analysis of Health Workers’ Preparedness Factors in Disaster Management at Disaster Prone Area Community Health Centers

Indonesia is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world. Around 87% of Indonesia's territory is prone to natural disasters. Floods are the most common natural disasters that hit Indonesia. Throughout 2018-2020, South Kalimantan experienced 73 floods. This research aims to analyze the knowledge and attitudes of health workers in disaster management regarding flood disaster preparedness at the Mataraman Community Health Center, Banjar Regency. Quantitative research was conducted using an analytical observational research method with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were health workers who worked at the Mataraman Community Health Center, Banjar Regency. This study used a sample of 33 people with purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using the chi-square test with a confidence level of 95%. The results of statistical tests between the knowledge and attitudes of health workers in disaster management on disaster preparedness with p-values of 0.555 and 0.708. In conclusion, there is no relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of health workers in disaster management on flood disaster preparedness at the Mataraman Community Health Center.

Comparative Study of Indonesian and Malaysian Immigration Action Policies Towards Immigration Permit Abuse

The era of globalization, driven by advancements in science and information technology, has created a borderless world, transforming human relationships from national to international, and significantly impacting various aspects of human life. Globalization has promoted the movement of people between countries, including Indonesia and Malaysia, affecting the demographics, economy, culture, and social aspects of both countries. In this context, immigration regulations play a crucial role in controlling the flow of people and reflecting a country's legal sovereignty within its territorial boundaries. This study is a normative juridical research focusing on the analysis and comparison of immigration regulations and policies in Indonesia and Malaysia, using a Statutory and Comparative approach. Indonesian immigration policy, regulated in Law Number 6 of 2011 on Immigration, focuses on controlling the flow of people entering and leaving Indonesian territory to maintain state sovereignty. Meanwhile, Malaysian immigration policy, regulated in Malaysian Law Number 155 of 1959/63 on Immigration, covers crucial aspects such as entry and exit requirements, monitoring of foreigners, and law enforcement related to immigration violations. The immigration action policies of Indonesia and Malaysia towards immigration permit abuse have several similarities and differences. Although both countries have similar policies in handling immigration permit abuse, the implementation and law enforcement may differ depending on the specific context and conditions in each country.

Modelling Land Surface Temperature Variation in New Guinea Island from 2000 to 2019 Using a Cubic Spline Model

Land surface temperature (LST) is a critical indicator variable in climate science. In this study, the variation of LST on the island of New Guinea during 2000 to 2019 was investigated using a cubic spline model and a multivariate regression model. The data were obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer database. This study focused on 90 subregions with 105-pixels of latitude 90 kilometer apart. These subregions were categorized into 10 super-regions. The results showed that the mean change in LST for all 90 subregions was +0.086°C per decade with a confidence interval of (0.028, 0.144)oC. There were five super-regions with a significant mean LST change. LST increased significantly in the central-north, central-south of the island (super-regions B1, C1, and C2 with 0.117°C, 0.162°C, and 0.185°C, respectively) and the southern part of Papua New Guinea (super-region E2 with 0.217°C), whereas it decreased in the middle part of the Indonesian territories (A2 with −0.122°C). The results also showed that LST variation occurs at the subregional level. Climate change mitigation methods are critical for reducing temperature rise and limiting any negative effects on the region.

FUNGSI PENGAWASAN ORANG ASING OLEH KEIMIGRASIAN DI KANTOR IMIGRASI KELAS I TPI MAKASSAR

There is no doubt that the vast number of foreigners with diverse objectives and interests entering and departing Indonesian territory has an impact on a number of fields. Therefore, one method to deal with the problems caused by the foreign inflow—which, of course, cannot be isolated from immigration violations—is to monitor foreigners in Indonesia. This study demonstrates that, in compliance with Immigration Law Number 6 of 2011, the immigration office at TPI Makassar Class I Immigration Office has been successfully managing foreign nationals. Numerous elements, including those related to legal content, law enforcement, facilities, and infrastructure, have a significant impact on this. cultural and communal aspects. Nonetheless, there are still foreigners accessing Indonesian territory, so the procedure for gathering data on them needs to be enhanced.

New occurrence of corn and rice strains of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Bali and Lesser Sunda: Genetic diversity, distribution, and damage

Abstract. Yudha IKW, Supartha IW, Susila IW, Sudiarta P, Wijaya IN, Wiradana PA. 2024. New occurrence of corn and rice strains of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Bali and Lesser Sunda (Indonesia): Genetic diversity, distribution, and damage. Biodiversitas 25: 1890-1900. Spodoptera frugiperda is an invasive pest with rapid proliferation and is responsible for reducing corn productivity in several regions in Indonesia, including Bali and Lesser Sunda in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the geographic distribution, genetic diversity, and specific genes of S. frugiperda as well as assess its attacks in Bali and Lesser Sunda (NTB and NTT) regions. The study procedures were carried out using field surveys, followed by molecular identification to determine the genetic diversity of S. frugiperda with the COI locus. A total of 150 infected corn plants were sampled using the diagonal sampling method, with a unit size of 5 m × 5 m. The distribution data obtained were then analyzed using the QGIS application and SPSS 22 for statistical analysis. The geographic distribution results showed that S. frugiperda was evenly distributed in the provinces of Bali and Lesser Sunda, with the observation of 2 strains, namely corn and rice. Corn strain was more specifically found in the Karangasem, Flores, Lombok Highlands, and Timor areas, while rice strain occured in the Jembrana, Sumbawa, Sumba, Flores, and Lombok lowland areas. In addition, a total of 12 specific nucleotide bases from S. frugiperda gene were found in Bali, NTB, and NTT regions. The findings also showed that the haplotype network of Bali, NTB, and NTT populations was effectively isolated from other locations and was in the process of genetic divergence. The 3-year invasion of S. frugiperda in Indonesian territory was reported to have experienced a process of genetic population development. Lombok Island had the highest average plant damage at 54.63%, which was not significantly different from the value of Sumbawa, Bali, and Sumba at 47.79%, 42.65%, and 40.72%, respectively. On the other hand, the lowest plant damage level in Timor at 20.95%, followed by Flores (at 30.38%).

Customer Relationship Management As A Proposed Marketing Strategy: A Case Study Of Seafood Company In Bogor

Indonesia’s fisheries and marine industry is a valuable sector and one that needs to be continuously developed. About 62% of Indonesia's territory is sea which has a very large potential wealth of marine resources, especially in the fisheries and marine products industry sector. The study narrows its scope to investigate the decline in sales at one seafood company based in Bogor, specifically within the business market segment. Employing qualitative methodology, the research analyses the personal selling process, identifying a potential link between declining salesperson performance and challenges in managing client relationships. Data from interviews and observations with clients, salespersons, and competitors form the basis for internal and external analyses, culminating in a SWOT analysis. The study reveals that while clients perceive personal selling positively, relationship management poses challenges. Additionally, technological opportunities from online systems are identified through PESTLE analysis. The research recommends a strategic shift towards utilizing online and integrated business operation systems, particularly in customer relationship management, to enhance salespersons' performance and address relationship management issues. The proposed strategy aims to optimize personal selling effectiveness.

REVIEW OF THE USE OF DRONES AND NON-METRIC CAMERAS FOR THE PROVISION OF LARGE-SCALE GEOSPATIAL DATA ACCORDING TO BIG REGULATION NO. 1 OF 2020

Currently, the need for large-scale mapping for the entire territory of Indonesia is urgent. Therefore, accelerating the provision of large-scale Geospatial Data (DG) is essential for better spatial planning and regional development. The use of drone technology with non-metric cameras is starting to be used for the provision of large-scale DG. To regulate the use of drones and non-metric cameras, the Geospatial Information Agency issued the Head of Geospatial Information Agency Regulation No. 1 of 2020. The purpose of this paper will review the use of drones with non-metric cameras that have been regulated in the agency's regulations. The method used in this paper uses qualitative research with a data collection strategy or source using the literature method. The results show that the use of direct georeferencing in BIG Regulation No. 1 of 2020 has fulfilled the horizontal and vertical geometry accuracy requirements stipulated in BIG Head Regulation No. 6 of 2018 on Base Map Accuracy. The GSD value requirement in BIG Regulation No 1/2020 is too high compared to the GSD value requirement specified in the ASPRS Accuracy Standards for Digital Geospatial Data. This agency regulation is a standard / reference that must be met for all mapping industry players. Therefore, the implementation of this agency regulation requires further study to truly support the issue of accelerating large-scale mapping.

ETIKA KONSELING DALAM ERA DIGITAL: ANCAMAN DAN PELUANG INTERNASIONAL

Counseling becomes a necessity, because the essence of counseling is the help of an expert counselor given to someone to solve their problems. In providing these services, a counselor is governed by ethics, attitudes and personal qualities for the counselor to behave. Professional ethical values are very important in the helping profession. The code of ethics for counselors is established by the counselor professional institution. For the Indonesian territory, the code of ethics for counselors is determined by the Indonesian Counseling Guidance Association, which is abbreviated as ABKIN. A code of ethics is a guide or guideline for professional behavior or a moral foundation that is practiced, secured and upheld by counselors as members of professional organizations. The aim of this research is to describe the professional ethics of counselors in counseling guidance services in the digital era. The method used in this research is a literature study with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data source comes from collecting documents in the form of books and previous research originating from various references. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis. The results of this research show that online counseling ethics takes the form of virtual counseling technology, websites, email, video conferences, instant messaging, computers and other social networks. Therefore, online counselors need to be professional in conducting virtual counseling by paying attention to ethics.

KODE ETIK DALAM PROFESI KONSELOR BERDASARKAN ORGANISASI PROFESI BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING (ABKIN) DAN ORGANISASI KONSELOR LAINNYA

The counselor profession has an important role in helping individuals overcome various emotional challenges and problems. In carrying out their duties, counselors are expected to adhere to a strict code of ethics, which guides their professional behavior. The code of ethics for counselors is established by the counselor professional institution. For the Indonesian territory, the code of ethics for counselors is determined by the Indonesian Counseling Guidance Association (ABKIN). A code of ethics is a guide or guideline for professional behavior or a moral foundation that is practiced, secured and upheld by counselors as members of professional organizations. This article explores aspects of the ABKIN code of ethics, codes of ethics of other counselor professions and compares the ABKIN Code of Ethics with codes of ethics issued by other counselor organizations, such as the American Counseling Association (ACA) in the United States. The method used in this research is a literature study with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data source comes from collecting documents in the form of books and previous research originating from various references. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis. The results of this research provide a better understanding of the importance of ethics in the counselor profession and illustrate how codes of ethics function as a guide to professional behavior for counselors based on regulations issued by several counselor organizations.

Business Responsibilities for Food Products in the Don't Have Self Declare Category Halal Label (Case Study in Mataram City)

This research aims to analyze the responsibility of business actors towards ingredients that do not yet have a halal label according to positive law and to analyze the inhibiting factors in the responsibility of business actors towards self-declared food products. which does not have a halal label in Mataram City. By using empirical normative legal research methods. The results of this research show that to protect consumer rights, the Consumer Protection Law Number 8 of 1999 and other laws and regulations apply administrative and criminal sanctions to business actors, if business actors are proven to have violated the regulations that have been established in carrying out their activities. or offer its products. Materials that do not yet have a halal label according to positive law, as in Article 8 paragraph (1) letter h UUPK, stipulate that business actors are prohibited from producing and/or trading goods. As stated in the "halal" statement on the label. And Article 4 of Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantees states that products entering, circulating and being traded in Indonesian territory must be halal certified. With this article, all products circulating in Indonesia must have a halal certificate, without exception, products from Micro, Small Enterprises (UMK) which should also have a halal certificate because they are already circulating on the market. Legal responsibility for business actors who do not yet have a halal label for their products. Administrative/administrative sanctions are given , namely sanctions imposed due to administrative violations or legal provisions of an administrative nature, up to fines, revocation of certificates and/or permits, temporary suspension of administrative services up to reduction of production quotas. Inhibiting factors in the responsibility of business actors for self-declared food products which do not have a halal label in Mataram City, the inhibiting factors consist of two factors, namely: a. Internal factors consist of business actors' knowledge of halal certification, knowledge of halal certification obligations and certification costs. b. External factors consist of lack of socialization from the Halal Center Institute at UIN Mataram and lack of consumer awareness.

Analisis Pelanggaran Hukum Pidana Khusus Pemalsuan Dokumen Perjalanan Oleh Warga Negara Asing

Indonesia is a rich country and has a strategic location because many travelers pass through it, not a few of whom also have bad desires or goals to disrupt the security and order of the sovereignty of the Indonesian territory. Phenomena that are often found in the context of threatening sovereignty can be found in violations of special criminal law such as criminal acts of falsifying travel documents committed by foreign citizens so that they can enter Indonesian territory. It cannot be denied that they could commit criminal acts that cause unrest among the Indonesian people. Alone. Immigration is an official government institution or agency and is responsible for problems related to the entry and exit of people into Indonesia's sovereign territory. Immigration also requires various preventive efforts to be carried out to limit and even eliminate threats from surveillance, investigations and even investigations in order to uphold Indonesia's sovereignty. Immigration always carries out its immigration function based on Article 1 point (3) of Law Number 6 of 2011 concerning Immigration where immigration carries out its duties in immigration services, law enforcement, state security, and facilitator of community welfare development. In determining various actions, immigration always has clear guidelines based on the legal basis that is still valid from both national and international legal grounds because immigration is always related to the international scope.

Predicting Battery Storage of Residential PV Using Long Short-Term Memory

Solar power panels, or photovoltaic (PV), have recently grown rapidly as a renewable alternative energy source, especially since the increase in the basic electricity tariff. PV technology can be employed instead of the state electricity company to reduce the electricity used. Indonesia is one of the countries that have great potential in producing electricity from PV technology, considering that most of Indonesia's territory gets sunlight for most of the year and has a large land area. Considering the benefits of PV technology, it is necessary to carry out predictive monitoring and analysis of the energy generated by PV technology to maximize energy utilization in the future. The Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud computing system was developed in this research to monitor and collect data in real-time within 27 days and obtained 7831 data for each parameter that affects PV production. These data include data on the light intensity, temperature, and humidity at the location where the PV system is installed. The feature selection results using Pearson correlation revealed that the light intensity parameter significantly impacted the PV production system. This research used the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) method to predict future PV production. By tuning hyperparameters using 3000 epochs, the resulting RMSE value was 171.5720. The results indicated a significant change in the RMSE value compared to 100 epochs of 422.5780. This model can be applied as a forecasting system model at electric vehicle charging stations, given the increasing use of electric vehicles in the future.    Keywords— Forecasting; energy; Photovoltaic; LSTM; Internet of Thing.Â

Analysis of the Health Level of Bank (BPRS) Amanah Ummah Bogor Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic (2019-2020 Period)

The 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic that hit the territory of Indonesia had a significant impact on the real sector including micro, small and medium enterprises, which greatly affected the performance of banks, including Islamic people's financing banks. The performance of the BPRS has slowed down a bit along with the Covid-19 pandemic. Referring to the regulation (OJK) Number 20/PJOK.03/2019, the purpose of this study is to determine the soundness of the Amanah Ummah Sharia People's Financing bank, in terms of aspects of capital, asset quality, profitability and liquidity. This type of comparative descriptive research. The data source is obtained primarily, from the financial statements for the 2019-2020 period. The results of the 2019 assessment: CAR of 25.47%, NPF of 2.62%, ROE of 27.87%. ROA is 3.31%, and CR is 20.82%. The results of the 2020 assessment: CAR of 18.40%, NPF of 3.74%, ROE of 24.10%, ROA of 2.99 and CR 21, 11%. There was an insignificant decrease in 2020 in the capital ratio and profitability ratio but still ranked 1. Conclusion BPRS Amanah Ummah before the pandemic and during the covid-19 pandemic the criteria for assessing the bank's soundness level was ranked 1, VERY HEALTHY statement.

Persepsi Dan Minat Pelaku UMKM Pengolahan Hasil Ternak Terhadap Sertifikasi Halal Di Kota Kediri

Kediri City is considered to have significant potential for developing a halal market industry. The Muslim population in Kediri City is reported to be 271,215 according to the 2022 data on Subdistricts and Religions Practiced in Kediri City. With the majority of the population in Kediri City being Muslim, this presents a great opportunity for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) to continue developing their products to meet the community's needs for halal products in Kediri City. This research aims to understand the perceptions and interests of MSMEs players in livestock product processing regarding halal certification in Kediri City, using a qualitative method. Sample selection for this research utilized purposive sampling and snowball sampling. There were two types of informants in this study: 2 (two) expert informants, consisting of the Cooperative and MSMEs Office and the local Ministry of Religion, and 10 (ten) key informants, namely MSMEs actors in livestock product processing business. According to Article 4 of the UUJPH (Halal Product Assurance Law), products entering, circulating, and traded in Indonesia's territory must have halal certification. The halal label can have a positive impact on businesses as it is considered to enhance consumer trust in products with the halal label. Based on the research results, MSMEs players in livestock product processing business in Kediri City feel a lack of knowledge due to the government's insufficient comprehensive dissemination to every element of society.

The Law Enforcement of Guarantees Halal Products in Indonesia

Law No. 33 of 2014 concerning GUARANTEES Halal Products states that products that enter, circulate, and are traded in the territory of Indonesia must be halal certified, except for products with ingredients that are prohibited. Business actors who do not carry out their obligations in halal certification can be subject to administrative sanctions and criminal sanctions. Based on the provisions above, law enforcement for Halal Product Guarantee must at least look at the factors of legal certainty, enforcement officers, facilities, culture and society. The main problem in this research; First, how is the JPH law enforcement process considering that until now there are still many industrial products that have not carried out halal certification. Second, how are the procedures for applying criminal or administrative sanctions applied to products that violate the provisions of halal certification. This study aims to determine the law enforcement of halal product guarantees in Indonesia in terms of the aspects of legal certainty, justice and benefits for all economic actors in Indonesia. This study uses the method of literature review (library research), namely research based on the opinions of legal experts. The research results conclude that; first, in the process of enforcing the law on halal product guarantees, it refers to other provisions that have been presented by the government, such as PP No. 31 of 2019, PP no. 39 of 2021, Minister of Religion Regulation No. 26 of 2019, Law no. 21 of 2000, Law no. 8 of 1999. As of October 17, 2024, the imposition of sanctions on business actors who do not yet have halal certification has not been enforced, however, products that already have halal certification but commit serious violations by using illegal substances can be subject to criminal provisions since Law Number 33 of 2014 was declared effective (5 Years after stipulation). Second, criminal provisions for violations of halal-certified products can refer to Article 4a, Article 7, Article 8f, and Article 62 paragraph (1) of the Consumer Protection Law. Settlement of the criminal case also refers to the provisions of the criminal procedural law which are the territory of the general court